Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to an agro artificial intelligence fertilization and irrigation automation system which is developed for use in agricultural areas and all areas where agricultural practices are carried out, doesn't need manpower, with the support of artificial intelligence, has modular fertilizer tanks, fertilizer and acid dosing pumps, blower mixer, wireless transmitter, soil analysis sensors that automatically determine what the plant needs in water, fertilizer and fertilizer content for each plant and wirelessly notify the central processor, comprises the connection and equipment of the system integrated with the central processor, which decides without the need for operator assistance by interpreting the data coming from the sensors with artificial intelligence.

State of the Art

Agriculture is defined as "all the work done on the land with the aim of growing necessary and useful plants and obtaining products." As an application, different agricultural practices are used in our country and in the world; Intensive (intensive-modern) agriculture, Extensive (extensive-coarse) agriculture, Fallow agriculture, Rotational agriculture, Greenhouse agriculture,

Intensive agriculture, or intensive farming, is a method of agriculture practiced in such a way that the highest yields can be obtained. Modern agricultural systems and methods are used. All technical and scientific measures are taken. It is the opposite of extensive agriculture, where agriculture is practiced with old methods. In intensive agriculture, all methods of modern agriculture are applied to obtain the highest yield. Depending on the potential of the soil, it is to obtain the highest product from the unit area and the highest amount of milk and meat that can be obtained from animals. In intensive agriculture, agricultural mechanization, irrigation, spraying, fertilization, seed and animal breeding, the existence of agricultural processing facilities, and the establishment of a marketing system are necessary. Manpower has been replaced by machines used with human capability. All these shorten the labor process and increase the yield that can be obtained from the unit area. Fallow is minimized or eliminated. More than one crop is harvested during the year. The yield increase that became widespread in the world after the 1960s is defined as the Green Revolution.

Extensive agriculture, common farming, coarse agriculture or primitive agriculture is a method of farming that uses a small amount of manpower, fertilizer and capital in relation to the size of the area. It is mainly used for grazing sheep and cattle, but also allows for the cultivation of wheat and barley. The age of the soil causes a decrease in yield in this type of agricultural areas.

It is the opposite of intensive agriculture in every field. Applied agricultural techniques and methods are simple, yield per unit area and per animal is low Traditional methods are used in production. It is a method of agriculture in countries where the land is cheap and plentiful, and where the population is not high, and where the land is not well cultivated. Leaving the soil empty for a long time, fallow application, planting without over tillage, fertilizer, irrigation are seen in coarse agriculture.

Since the seeds have been used for years, they have lost their yield power. In animal husbandry, breeds with low meat and milk yield continue to be used. Human labor is at the forefront instead of machinery. Therefore, the amount of product and income is low.

Fallow is the process of leaving the soil empty for one year in places where the precipitation falling on the land in one year is too low to produce crops every year. It is applied in dry agricultural regions. Fallow cultivation, leaving the field surface cultivated, is called fallow cultivation. Fallow refers to leaving the field empty for a certain period of time and the operations carried out during this period.

The main purpose of fallow is to increase soil moisture. Increasing the amount of organic matter in the soil. Ensuring the availability of plant nutrients. Eliminating weeds in the field. In addition to weed control, it is also an opportunity to control pests and diseases. The reason that forces people to fallow is that the total annual rainfall or its distribution over the year is not enough to produce a crop every year. The task of fallow is to store more rainwater in the soil than during cultivated time.

In fallow cultivation, the land is plowed and left alone, and no crops are planted. The soil improves in terms of nutrients and moisture compared to the cultivated state. Thus, the yield after fallow increases. With fallow, 18-22% of rainfall can be stored in the soil. It is not right to use fallow land for grazing. Weeds should be controlled during fallow period.

There are different types of fallow according to the reasons for its implementation. Fall fallow, half fallow, full fallow, orchard fallow, stubble fallow, black fallow are the main types. According to the rainfall conditions in Turkey, there is no need for fallow in the Black Sea, Marmara and Aegean regions, while irrigation or fallow is compulsory in the Central, Eastern and Southeastern Anatolia regions. In the inland parts of our coastal regions, fallow is practiced at varying rates (0-40%).

Crop rotation (alternation) is an agricultural method that means not planting the same crops in a field one after the other, but planting different crops one after the other in an orderly manner. When some plant species are planted in the same field for many years, a great decrease in yield is observed. Such plants (beetroot, flax, oats, rapeseed, peas, poppy, sunflower) are called non self-sustaining plants. Some crops (maize, soybeans, broad beans, paddy, rice, hemp, tobacco) are planted continuously in the field but the yield loss is not serious, and these are called self- sustaining crops.

The time required to replant a plant that has not sustained in the same field is called a sowing break; in a crop rotation, the first plant planted is called the foreground plant and the next plant is called the following plant. Some non-self-sustaining crops and their sowing breaks are: flax (6 years), clover (5 years), beet (4-5 years), oats (3- 4 years), peas (4 years), radish (3 years), rape (3 years), sunflower (3-5 years), poppy (2-3 years), potato, cabbage, onion (3-4 years). Growing more than one crop in the same field in the same year is called a multiple cropping system.

Greenhouse is a structure covered with light transmitting materials such as glass, plastic, fiberglass, which can be controlled or regulated in order to provide suitable conditions for the growth of plants. In 1545, just after the opening of the first botanical garden in Padua, Daniel Barbara built the first greenhouse in this garden. Stone and brick were used in the building and there was no window. It was heated by a brazier. Some sensitive plants were moved to this greenhouse in the winter and replanted in the spring. It is known to be the first greenhouse in history.

In areas with a temperate climate, vegetable and fruit cultivation is usually carried out under glass covers for vegetables and plastic covers for fruits. For this reason, greenhouse vegetable and fruit cultivation in Turkey is mostly seen in the Mediterranean and Aegean Regions, where the Mediterranean climate prevails. Because the climate in these regions is milder than in other regions. In addition, greenhouses can be established and used for different purposes outside the regions of our country.

In the region where it is established, all kinds of vegetables and small-sized fruit plants, which grow naturally outside, are grown under glass or plastic covers. In greenhouse vegetable and fruit cultivation, most vegetables and fruits, which used to be grown only under natural conditions and at certain times of the year, are now grown at earlier times in greenhouses, in other words in greenhouses, with the developing technology. This has naturally increased the yield and quality of vegetables and fruits.

Negative aspects of all the above-mentioned agricultural methods used in agriculture is that basically all processes are based on human power and ability, although technical or technological tools and scientific methods are largely used in agriculture defined as intensive agriculture or modern agriculture, human machine operators, human soil analyzers, etc., as they are available in the places where they will be applied without any change from the existing farming methods, It has always been the primary goal to minimize manpower and errors and to maximize efficiency in areas where urbanization is dense and agricultural land is scarce.

In line with this goal, we have developed an artificial intelligence fertilization and irrigation automation system that can be controlled and reported from remote PC or mobile systems so as to use less manpower, to eliminate manpower-based errors in order to have more accurate and sufficient fertilization, irrigation and production at the optimum level, to determine the needs of plants or vegetables completely and accurately with the help of sensors and to ensure that the most accurate and sufficient amount of fertilizer and water is given to the plants or vegetables, to perform this process from the processing center without the need for human control with artificial intelligence.

State of the Art:

The agro artificial intelligence fertilization and irrigation automation system, which was developed to eliminate all the problems explained above, was developed on a strong software infrastructure with the Siemens WinCC Scada program. With the industrial PC and Siemens PLC processor used in the system, an infrastructure that is open to development and renewable and developable in accordance with the needs of the day is provided and supported by artificial intelligence.

The developed system can be controlled and commanded remotely with PC and mobile devices and consists of information processing unit, fertilizer tanks, blower counteractor, fertilizer and acid dosing pump, soil analysis sensor, wireless receiver and transmitter antenna, submersible pump, water filter and their installation I connection systems.

Description of the Figures

Figure 1 - Perspective view of the fertilizer chassis assembled,

Figure 2 - Perspective view of the data processing unit chassis assembled,

Figure 3 - Fertilizer tank side view,

Figure 4 - Front view of the data processing unit,

Figure 5 - Blower mixer side view,

Figure 6 - Fertilizer and acid dosing pump side view,

Figure 7 - Soil analysis sensor side view,

Figure 8 - Wireless antenna side view,

Figure 9 - Submersible pump side view,

Figure 10 - Water filter side view,

Figure 11 - Front view of the Fertilization and Irrigation automation system with the main unit assembled,

Figure 12 - Top view of fertilizing and irrigation systems and plant pots, Reference Numbers

1 . Fertilization tank chassis,

1.1 Fertilization tank housing,

2. Data processing unit chassis,

2.1 Data processing settlement center,

3. Fertilization tank,

3.1 Fertilization tank cover,

4. Data processing unit,

4.1 Display panel,

4.2 Ventilation grilles,

5. Blower mixer

6. Fertilization installation,

7. Fertilizer and acid dosing pump,

8. Fertilizer and acid dosing pump installation connection,

9. Soil analysis sensor,

10. Soil analysis sensor analyzing feet,

11 ,_Wireless receiver and transmitter antenna,

12. Cable,

13. Wall,

14. Submersible pump,

15. Water filter,

16. Plant pots,

17. Sensitive fertilizer level sensor motion bar,

18. Sensitive fertilizer sensor,

19. Artificial intelligence auto control system, Production and Working System;

Fertilizer tank chassis (1 ), which has been developed so that each fertilizer tank chassis (1) can be easily mounted on the adjacent chassis, in order to ensure a systematic and symmetrical fixing of the fertilizer tanks (3) used for storing fertilizer with a capacity determined according to the application area, and the fertilizing tank housing (1.1 ), whose task is to ensure that the fertilizer tank (3) is securely fixed and positioned so that the old one can be easily removed and the new one installed, are produced at least one.

At least one data processing chassis (2) developed for the fixing of the data processing unit (4), which is the administration, management and decision center of the system with artificial intelligence support, whose task is to provide the necessary space for the secure fixing and stable operation of the data processing unit (4), is manufactured with at least one data processing unit settlement center (2.1) positioned thereon for fixing the data processing unit (4) in the housing. The data processing unit is manufactured in such a way that the chassis (2) is fixed to the fertilization tank chassis (1) with the help of the connection equipment.

At least one fertilizer tank (3), whose task is to store the fertilizer needed by the plants and to transfer the same to the plants according to the need, can be produced in different sizes and shapes according to the needs. At least one fertilizer tank cover (6) is produced, which is positioned above the fertilizer tank to protect the fertilizer inside from external factors.

It is manufactured as a whole including industrial Siemens PLC process, 21" Industrial PC, Siemens WinCC industrial scada software and at least one data processing unit (4) that realizes the use of the system according to the needs of the system by making decisions without the need for an operator by using all these, at least one instrument panel (4.1 ) positioned to monitor the readings and at least one ventilation grille (4.2) to provide the air flow required to stabilize and cool the system temperature.

At least one blower mixer (5) is produced, whose task is to mix the fertilizer to be drawn from the fertilizer tank and delivered to the plants by giving air pressure into the fertilizer, ensuring homogeneous distribution of the fertilizer content and ensuring that it reaches the plant in the ideal way. Fertilization installation (6), which is established starting from a single center to reach each plant starting from fertilizer tanks (3), which can be converted into 1 , 2, 3 or more lines according to need, and which delivers as much fertilizer to the plant in need by opening and closing it under the control of artificial intelligence on the data processing unit (4) with the help of solenoid valves positioned at each separation point, is produced.

At least one fertilizer and acid dosing pump (7) is produced, whose task is to ensure that the fertilizer in the fertilizer tank (3) is correctly drawn from the tank and delivered to the relevant plant(s) according to the amount of fertilizer received from the data processing unit (4).

Fertilizer and acid dosing pump installation connection (8) is produced, which includes at least one inlet and at least one outlet unit whose task is to draw fertilizer from the fertilizer tank (3) of the fertilizer and acid dosing pump (7) and transfer it to the fertilization installation, one line in the fertilizer tank (3) and the other line in the fertilization installation.

At least one soil analysis sensor (9) whose task is to transfer the fertilizer information needed by performing the analysis of the minerals needed for the plant precisely in the soil, which is placed at the bottom of each plant by immersing its feet in the soil, to the information processing unit (4) via wireless connection, and with the help of artificial intelligence, to deliver the fertilizer to the relevant plant as much as it needs through the fertilization installation and to contribute to the healthy cultivation of the plant in the most ideal conditions, is produced.

Soil analysis sensor analyzing feet (10) consisting of at least three feet whose task is to transmit all variables such as mineral moisture etc. in the soil to the soil analysis sensor (9) precisely and accurately.

At least one wireless receiver and transmitter antenna (11 ) whose task is to provide uninterrupted and accurate wireless communication of the entire system together with the soil analysis sensor (9) and solenoid irrigation valves in an area of at least 3000 m2 and positioned on the wall (13), which has a data cable to transfer the data received by the wireless receiving and transmitting antenna (11 ) to the data processing unit (4) via the data unit, is produced. At least one submersible pump (14), whose task is to transfer the water needed by the plants from the well to the irrigation installation with the command from the data processing unit (4), and to provide the necessary pressure for the drawn water to reach the plant pots (16) after passing through the water meter, water filter (15) and water hardness measuring devices, is produced.

At least one sensitive fertilizer sensor(18), whose task is to measure fertilizer, such as how many liters of fertilizer are in each fertilizer tank and how much is left, by placing it in the fertilizer tank (3), and transfer these measurements to the data processing unit (4) and transfer data to the artificial intelligence to make decisions or to warn the operator about how much fertilizer is running low in which tank and at least one precision fertilizer level sensor movement rod (17) on which it moves is produced.

All parts and equipment can be manufactured and installed through production or procurement. In addition, the History software specially developed for the system is integrated into the data processing unit (4) to record all historical data, helps to make the most accurate analysis for the facility where the system is installed and allows reporting the desired data in the desired date range.

The artificial intelligence auto control system (19), which includes all the combinations explained above, is the central data processing unit (4) and specially developed artificial intelligence software of the working principle of the system, which collects all the needs of the plants in the area over the wireless system and performs irrigation and fertilization according to the needs, the software decides how much fertilizer to give to which plants according to the data coming from the soil analysis sensors (9) without the help of the operator and performs the necessary fertilization according to the need, it automatically opens and closes the irrigation system at specified times via solenoid valves, can perform extra irrigation function according to the data from soil analysis sensors (9) according to the need, and performs all these with the help of wireless receiver and transmitter antenna (11 ). All transactions are recorded and can be reported as desired with the specially developed history software,

The data processing unit (4) within the system has been developed with the infrastructure that will allow remote connection and report retrieval via remote ios, Android or PC systems within the framework of the relevant security protocols, as well as an infrastructure that will allow remote manual intervention.