Technological Field:

The invention is related to an air pressurization system that allows air to be provided to the air channels at equal flow rate in an energy system.

State of Art:

Energy storage systems are systems that allow energy to be stored and used in the time of need. These systems, which provide great convenience for instant energy supply, are stored using various methods and used in the time of need. One of the main equipment commonly used in these energy storage systems is lithium batteries.

At the present time, closed systems (containers and the like) with certain dimensions are generally used in order to obtain a considerable electrical energy source by combining a certain number of these lithium batteries. In these closed systems, shelf systems named as rack are placed, and inside these racks, equipment, called as battery package and in which lithium batteries are deployed, is placed. However, at this point, a difficulty arises that needs to be overcome. These difficulties are mainly as follows:

• The first one is the difficulty of performing air conditioning in a closed space with a limited volume.

• The second and most important one is the difficulty of conditioning the batteries homogeneously.

Lithium batteries have many advantages but also some disadvantages. The most important one of them is the necessity to manage them thermally in order for these batteries be long-lasting and perform well. In fact, these batteries get heated during their operation and emit heat to the environment and heat the system in which they are placed. If the temperatures of these batteries cannot be kept within a certain range, their life and performance are lost. Therefore, a suitable air conditioning system is needed to keep temperatures of lithium batteries, which are are used to obtain energy within a system, at a certain temperature range.

In this study, a method developed to increase air conditioning performance of lithium accumulators in energy storage systems within a closed system is discussed.

In the PCT patent document with W02020046992A1 no. discovered during the literature search, a battery package with a hybrid thermal management system is described. In the mentioned battery package, air circulation cannot be ensured at equal flow rate.

USD patent document with US2010279152A1 no. discovered during another literature search carried out, a cooling module design for a battery package is described. In the mentioned battery package, air circulation cannot be ensured at equal flow rate.

In current studies, various methods are available for air conditioning of lithium batteries in energy storage systems within a closed volume. The most common of these methods can be listed as follows:

1 . Air conditioning of the ambient air in a closed system with the help of air conditioner and similar air conditioning devices,

2. Delivery of air conditioner and similar air conditioning device air to the battery packages through the side air ducts next to the rack systems with the help of an upper air duct. Method number 1 is more applicable in systems where batteries with low energy density are used. Method number 2 is generally applied during air conditioning of energy storage systems in indoor environments where batteries with high energy density, which are also subject of this study, are used.

Method number 2 gives better results than method number 1 in regard of effectiveness. However, in the method number 2, a homogeneous air conditioning (cooling or heating) distribution cannot be provided on the battery packages contained within the the rack systems. The main reason for this is that the conditioned fresh air cannot be provided into the rack side air ducts at equal flow and pressure from all points within the channel.

As a consequence, a new energy storage system is needed, where the state of the art is exceeded and its disadvantages are eliminated.

Brief Explanation of the Invention:

The invention is an energy storage system in which the state of the art is exceeded, its disadvantages are eliminated, and also it contains extra advantages.

The aim of the invention is to show a new energy storage system that can circulate the air circulating within the air ducts homogeneously and at equal flow rate.

By using air pressurization equipment between this upper air duct, which is subject to the instruction book, and rack side air ducts, the air transfer between these two structures has made homogeneous and more effective.

• The first the superior aspects of the invention, which is subject to the instruction book, is that it ensures that the conditioned fresh air sent into the upper air duct passes through the upper air duct and is sent to the rack side air ducts at equal flow. • Another important advantage of the invention is that the air transferred from the upper air duct into the rack side air ducts is pressurized thanks to the distribution air pressurization equipment used on the upper air duct and is delivered as far as possible in the vertical direction within the rack side air ducts.

Explanation of the Figures:

The invention will be explained with reference to the enclosed figures, so that the features of the invention are more clearly understood. However, the purpose of this is not to limit the invention with these certain arrangements. Quite the contrary, it is aimed to include all alternatives, modifications and equivalences of the invention that may be included in the area in which it is defined by the enclosed requests. It should be understood that the details shown are demonstrated only for the purpose of explaining the preferred arrangements of the existing invention and that they are presented in order to provide the most useful and lucid description of both the shaping of the methods and the rules and conceptual properties of the invention. In these drawings;

Figure - 1 Perspective view of the energy storage system where the air pressurization system, which is subject to invention, is used.

Figure - 2 Perspective view of battery packages within the energy storage system.

Figure - 3 Preview of the battery packages within the energy storage system.

The figures that will help to understand this invention are numbered as indicated in the annexed picture and their names are given below.

Explanation of References:

1. Air pressurization equipment

2. Upper air duct 3. Rack side air duct

4. Air Inlet

5. Battery packages

6. Body (Casing)

7. Air conditioning device

8. Air discharge equipment

Explanation of the Invention:

In this detailed explanation, the energy storage system, which is subject to the invention and which has an air pressurization system, is explained only with examples that will not have any limiting effect in order to understand the subject more clearly.

The energy storage system, which is subject to the invention, contains a large number of battery packages (5) lined up on shelves within a body (6). The battery package (5) contains a large number of batteries that store energy. Battery packages (5) are lined up on shelves as seen in figure 2 and figure 3. On the exterior surface of each shelf, there are shelf side air ducts (3) where the air conditioning air is circulated in order to keep the battery packages (5) at the desired temperature. Air conditioning air is provided by an air conditioning device (7) placed on or exterior of the body (6). The air conditioning device (7) transfers air into the upper air duct (2) through the air inlets (4) on both sites of upper air duct (2). The air entering from the upper air duct air inlets (4) circulates within the upper air duct (2) and is given to shelf (rack) side air ducts (3) through the gaps at its base. In this case, the air circulates within shelf side air ducts (3) in the arrow directions as shown in figure 3, ensuring that the battery packages (5) are kept at the appropriate temperature. The air contained in the battery packages (5) is given to the shelf side air ducts (3) with air discharge equipment (8) placed on the battery packages (5), and heat exchange is ensured in this way. The above-mentioned air circulation is also realized in this way also in the known technique. In this case, it is observed that the heat is not distributed homogeneously for all battery packages (5). This is due to the fact that the air pressure cannot be kept at a fixed value. When the air pressure cannot be kept constant, air with a lower flow rate into the following air packages (5). As a result of this, the temperature value of the battery packages (5) below is not equal to the temperature value of the battery packages (5) above. As a consequence, thermal management of battery packs (5) cannot be carried out efficiently. The distinctive feature of the invention is that it contains air pressurization equipment (1 ) placed between the shelves carrying the upper air duct (2) and battery packs (5). Air pressurization equipment (1 ) is used as one piece for each shelf (rack) side air duct (3). Air pressurization equipment (1 ) keeps the pressure of the air within the rack side duct (3), on which it is placed, at a fixed value. Therefore, the air transfer of the flow value equal to each battery pack (5) is ensured. As a consequence, the temperature of all battery packs (5) can be kept at an equal level in the energy storage system.

The air pressurization equipment (1 ), which is subject to the invention, keeps the pressure of the air in the upper air duct (2) at a fixed value in the rack side air ducts (3). Air pressurization equipment (1 ) is placed at the base of the upper air duct (2). Therefore, there is a connector shell for air pressurization equipment at the base of the upper air duct (2). The connector shells allow that air pressurization equipment (1 ) is mounted at the base of the upper air duct (2) and that the air circulating within the upper air duct (2) is transferred into the air pressurization equipment (1 ).

In the invention, the air pressurization equipment (1 ) can be controlled by an automation system. The user can select the desired pressure parameter through the automation system. Energy storage units heat up more during storage. In this case, air pressurization equipment (1 ) can provide a more effective cooling method for battery packs (5) by increasing the pressure. By the same token, when the energy storage process is not intense, since the amount of heating will be low, the air pressurization equipment (1 ) can reduce the pressure and thus keep the battery packs (5) at the desired temperature. In the invention, air pressurization equipment (1 ) keeps the temperatures of the battery packs (5) at a constantly equal value ensuring a homogeneous thermal management system.