FOR

BASKETBALL WITH COMPONENT HOLDER

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application cites the priority of currently pending US 62/945,853 filed 9 December 2019 and US 62/985,507 filed 5 March 2020. US 62/945,853 and US 62/985,507 are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present disclosure pertains to balls having a structure or enclosure for securely retaining one or more electronic components within the balls.

TECHNICAL BACKGROUND

[0003] A basketball is designed for use during a basketball game, and in particular to rebound or dribble in a predictable manner. For example, a men's regulation basketball has a standard expected rebound performance when fully inflated. A ball dropped from rest wherein the bottom of the ball is 72 inches above the floor should rebound such that the top of the ball attains a height between 50-56 inches during the first rebound. Furthermore, the rebound should be consistent regardless of which spot on the ball contacts with the floor. Therefore, the maximum difference in rebound depending on the contact spot of the ball surface should be approximately 3 inches between the highest rebound measurement and the lowest rebound measurement. (For example, if the maximum rebound is 56 inches when bounced on one spot on the ball, no other spot on the ball should have a maximum rebound height of less than 53 inches.) For men's basketball games at the college, professional, and international levels, a men's regulation basketball has a circumference between 749-762 millimeters (29.5-30.0 inches) and a weight between 567-650 grams (20-23 ounces). Standard ball sizes, weights, and rebound performances have been similarly established for women's basketballs.

[0004] While there are many known variations on basketball design, such as the number of layers, the type of material used in construction, layer thicknesses, potential added materials for desired performance characteristics, etc., a conventional basketball structure is provided as follows. The basketball has an innermost layer formed of a rubber bladder. The bladder is surrounded by windings of thread passed multiple times around the bladder to create and maintain a spherical shape. The wound bladder is then enclosed within a leather or vulcanized rubber carcass. Finally, a pebbled skin is applied to the outside of the carcass.

[0005] In some instances, a basketball has been modified to include a compartment, enclosure, holder, or device attached to or integrated with the inner bladder wall. Such a compartment or holder could incorporate, for example, an integrated pump system as disclosed in US Patent No. 6409618, or an electronic sensor, as disclosed in US Patent No. 8517870. Other devices may be enclosed in such a compartment or holder as well.

[0006] The inclusion of such a device in a holder or compartment under the bladder has been found to have an effect on the performance of the basketball. For example, the basketball may not rebound as high when bounced at the location where the compartment is attached. The ball may also produce an unusual acoustic profile that is distracting to the player when bounced on that location. The ball may also wear out at that location at a different rate from the rest of the ball.

[0007] For a basketball having such a compartment or device to be used during actual game play, the ball must perform in a manner substantially similar to a standard ball. More preferably, the ball must perform in a manner such that any differences in performance are imperceptible to the players.

[0008] More particularly, a basketball having such a compartment and integrated device should be similar in size, weight, and sphericity and have similar rebound, performance, acoustic, and durability characteristics as a standard basketball. There is a need for such a ball in the art.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0009] To aid in the appreciation of further advantages and features of the present disclosure, a more particular description will be provided by reference to specific embodiments which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It is appreciated that these drawings are not to be considered limiting in scope. The disclosure herein will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail through the use of the accompanying drawings.

[0010] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a holder according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0011] Figure 2 is a section view of a portion of the holder according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0012] Figure 3 is another view of a holder according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0013] Figure 4 is another view of a holder according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0014] Figures 5-12 show section views of various embodiments of a holder as disclosed herein.

[0015] Figures 13-14 show different designs for a cap as disclosed herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] This detailed description is provided for amplifying the invention and aiding in understanding of the disclosure, by reference to a possible embodiment(s). The invention shall not be interpreted as limited to any particular embodiment shown, except as set forth in the claims.

[0017] This document provides materials for securely retaining electronic components within a ball. For example, this document provides balls, such as basketballs, soccer balls, volleyballs, and footballs, having a structure or enclosure for securely retaining one or more electronic components (e.g., a sensor and/ or battery) within the ball.

[0018] An exemplary ball is a basketball. A basketball is typically constructed of four layers. The innermost layer is the bladder formed of a natural or artificial rubber. The bladder has a molded valve for receiving air into the interior of the bladder. The bladder may also have patches of rubber or other material molded onto the bladder. Typically, such patches are molded onto the outer surface of the bladder, but they may also be molded onto the inner surface. As described further herein, the bladder also has an enclosure attached along the inner surface of the bladder that is further described herein.

[0019] On the outside surface of the bladder is a winding layer. The winding layer comprises multiple passes of threads wound around the bladder in order to create and maintain a spherical shape. Outside the winding layer is a leather or vulcanized rubber carcass. The outermost layer is the skin that provides the contact surface of the ball.

[0020] A holder 10 or enclosure 10 is attached to the inner surface or the exterior surface of the bladder. The holder 10 may be integrally formed with the rubber mold of the bladder. Alternatively, the holder 10 may be formed in a separate mold and then affixed to the inner or exterior surface of the bladder, for example by using an adhesive to adhere the holder 10 to the inner surface. In some embodiments, the holder 10 may be positioned opposite the valve, such that the valve is on one side of the ball and the holder 10 is on the extreme opposite side of the bladder from the valve. This location advantageously allows the additional weight of the valve to partially offset the weight of the holder 10. However, it is not necessary in all embodiments that the holder 10 be so positioned vis-a-vis the valve on the inner surface of the bladder.

[0021] Figure 1 depicts a perspective view of a holder 10 according to an embodiment of the disclosure, and Figure 2 depicts a cross-section of the same holder 10. The component holder 10 comprises a proximal portion 12 proximal to the bladder and a distal portion 14 distal to the bladder. The proximal portion 12 of the holder 10 comprises an opening 16. The opening 16 opens into a sleeve 18 that extends a distance away from the opening 16, terminating at the distal portion 14.

[0022] The holder 10 further comprises a skirt 20 surrounding the opening 16. The skirt 20 connects the holder 10 to the bladder. The skirt 20 may be connected to either the inner surface or the outer surface of the bladder. As depicted in Figure 1, the skirt 20 may be wide and thin. A wide skirt 20 may advantageously provide a large surface area for adhering the skirt 20 to the inner surface or the outer surface of the bladder. The skirt 20 is preferably thin in order to reduce the weight of the enclosure. However, other configurations for the skirt 20 are also possible. For example, the skirt 20 may not extend as widely as shown in Figure 1. Alternatively, depending on the weight of the other elements of the ball or the distribution of such weight around the ball, the skirt 20 may be thinner or thicker to reduce or increase the overall weight of the holder 10. Such modifications may be needed in order to bring the ball into compliance with a particular standard size for regulation use of the ball.

[0023] In some embodiments, the outer surface of the proximal portion 12 is formed in the shape of a frustrum with the wide end 11 of the proximal portion 12 connecting to the skirt 20 and the narrow end 13 of the proximal portion 12 connecting to the distal portion 14. In the embodiment of Figure 1, the proximal portion 12 is in the shape of a conical (circular) frustrum, but other cross-sectional shapes (e.g., rectangular, pentagonal, hexagonal, octagonal, etc.) may also be used. The inner surface 22 of the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18 is configured to receive a cap 26, a foam patch or layer 28, or both, as further described herein. [0024] As shown in Figure 2, the outer surface 24 of the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18 may be sloped to create the frustrum. In one embodiment, the angle of the sloped outer surface 24 of the frustrum relative to a right angle formed normal to the skirt 20 is 8 degrees. In other embodiments, the angle of the slope may be between 5 degrees and 10 degrees. In other embodiments, the angle of the slope may be between 10 degrees and 30 degrees. In other embodiments, the angle of the slope may be between 2 degrees and 5 degrees. A higher angle of slope (which would correspond to a wider skirt 20) may provide additional protection against vibration, but the additional material may add too much weight to the ball. On the other hand, a lower angle of slope (corresponding to a narrower skirt 20) may reduce weight, but it may not sufficiently protect against vibration. Where the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18 is connected to the skirt 20, the angle is created by a rounded fillet. This enhances material flow during production and is more durable than an angle that comes to a point.

[0025] The interior of the sleeve 18 is open on the end 16 of the sleeve 18 proximal to the skirt 20. After the components 30, cap 26, and/ or more than one foam layers 28, 40 are inserted into the sleeve 18, the skirt 20 may be attached to the bladder surface, in order to seal the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18.

[0026] The secured components 30 are inserted through the opening 16 and into the distal portion 14 of the sleeve 18. Secured components 30 may include, for example, one or more of a pump, a ball wear indicator, a ball inflation pressure indicator, an electronic sensor, an RFID tag, a microprocessor, a battery, a transmitter or similar wireless communications device, or other devices. The exemplary embodiment includes a battery, a sensor, and a processor. The components 30 may be composed of one or multiple insertable parts. For example, in a configuration using a battery, sensors, and processor motherboard, the battery may be separate from the sensors and/or motherboard inserted into the sleeve 18. In other embodiments, the components 30 may be a single insertable unit. The components 30 may also be enclosed within a potting compound made of, e.g., silicone or epoxy. Alternatively, the components 30 may be encapsulated in a plastic shell. Further, the components 30 may be inserted directly into the rubber sleeve 18 without further material surrounding the components 30.

[0027] The distal portion 14 of the sleeve 18 into which the components 30 are inserted may be either open or closed. When the distal portion 14 is closed (referred to as a "closed design" or "closed boot design"), the components 30 are enclosed within the open volume of the distal portion 14. The open volume of the distal portion 14 may be sized to snugly enclose the components 30. In some embodiments, the interior opening is sized to fit just around the components 30 without allowing the components 30 to move within the sleeve 18. In other embodiments, the interior opening is slightly smaller than the components 30, such that the components 30 must be forced into the sleeve 18 and the material of the sleeve 18 tightly grips the components 30.

[0028] In embodiments having a closed design, such as those shown in Figures 1, 2, and 5-8, the outer surface 34 of the distal portion 14 may mimic the topology of the components 30 contained therein. This may be advantageous in that it reduces the weight of the enclosure by limiting the material to the amount needed to enclose the components 30. While it is not necessary that the outside surface 34 of the distal portion 14 be form-fitting to the enclosed components 30 as depicted in the aforementioned figures, the distal portion 14 should not be wider than the proximal portion 12.

[0029] In contrast, when the distal portion 14 is open (referred to as an "open design" or "open boot design"), the components 30 are not fully enclosed within the open volume of distal portion 14. In embodiments having an open design, such as those shown in Figures 9-12, only a portion of the components 30 may be located within the sleeve 18. For example, the components 30 may be inserted through the opening 16 and partially through the distal portion 14 of the sleeve 18, such that an upper portion 31 of the components 30 is located within the sleeve 18, and a lower portion 32 of the components 30 protrudes from the sleeve 18 through the open distal portion 14. In such embodiments, the lower portion 32 of the components 30 extends into the bladder. In said embodiments, the open distal portion 14 may be sized to fit around a longitudinal circumference of the components 30. The open distal portion 14 may snugly fit around (e.g., grip) the longitudinal circumference of the components 30 such that the components 30 are secured in place.

[0030] In some embodiments of the invention, the components 30 may have a surface geometry 36 comprising a rib 36 or other protrusion 36. Similarly, the inner surface 35 of open distal portion 14 of the sleeve 18 may have a surface geometry 38 that corresponds to the surface geometry 36 of the components 30 in order to receive the protrusion. For example, where the components 30 have a rib 36, the open distal portion 14 of the sleeve 18 may have a depression 38 on the interior surface to correspond to the rib. The insertion of the rib 36 into the corresponding depression 38 may prevent movement of the components 30 within the sleeve 18, which is particularly advantageous in an embodiment having an open design. Such a rib 36 and depression 38 are depicted in, for example, Figure 9.

[0031] After the components 30 are inserted into the sleeve 18, a cap 26 may be inserted to secure the electronics 30 within the sleeve 18. In some embodiments, a section 40 separates the cap 26 and the components 30 within the sleeve 18 of the holder 10. In some embodiments, the section 40 is filled with air. In other embodiments, the section 40 is filled with a foam. The foam may be polyurethane ("PU") or other foamed material. In one embodiment, the PU foam is open cell PU foam wherein the cell walls comprising the foam are broken and the air or other gasses may freely enter and exit the broken cells. In an alternate embodiment, the PU foam is closed cell foam wherein the cells comprising the foam are not broken and air or other gases are "trapped" within the intact cells comprising the foam. In another alternate embodiment, the PU foam core may comprise either open or closed cell foam, or a combination of open and closed cell foam. The foam may have any suitable density. The density may be constant or variable. In some embodiments the density is 2.8 lbs / cubic foot. In other embodiments the density may be within a range from approximately 1.8 lbs / cubic foot to 3.8 lbs per cubic foot. In some embodiments the pressure to compress the foam to 75% of its original volume may be 1 psi. In some embodiments the pressure to compress the foam to 75% of its original volume may be within a range from approximately 0.5 psi to 3 psi. In a preferred embodiment, the foam is an open cell PU foam having a density of about 2.8 lbs / cubic foot and a pressure to compress to 75% original volume of 1 psi. The foam may be sized to partially or fully fill the space 40 between the top of the sensor and the cap 26 within the boot. Preferably the foam fully fills the volumes in the boot between the cap 26 and the sensor, such that the foam slightly yields when the cap 26 is applied on top of the foam. The addition of a section 40 of air or foam between the cap 26 and the components 30 may improve the acoustic quality or rebound performance of the ball at the holder location.

[0032] The cap 26 may be inserted into the proximal portion 12 sleeve 18 such that a bottom surface 44 of the cap 26 contacts the air or foam section 40, thereby holding the air or foam section 40 in place. The cap 26 further comprises a top surface 46 opposite to the bottom surface. The top surface 46 may be flush or nearly flush with the inner or outer surface of the bladder. In some embodiments, the top surface 46 is curved. For example, as illustrated in Figure 6, the top surface 46 may have a substantially convex curve relative to the interior of the bladder. A curved top surface 46 may advantageously align with the spherical shape of the ball. Alternatively, the top 46 may be substantially straight or flat. The bottom surface 44 of the cap 26 may be flat, thereby forming a cap 26 of solid rubber that is substantially uniform in thickness. Alternatively, the bottom surface 44 may be cut out or hollowed away towards the central area of the surface, resulting in a thin layer in the middle with thicker sides. The bottom surface 44 may also have a waffle topography or other variable surface topography. Figure 13 shows the bottom 44 of a cap 26 with a waffle topography. Figure 14 shows a profile of a cap 26 with a thin wall topography.

[0033] The open volume of the proximal portion 12 may be sized to snugly enclose the cap 26. In some embodiments, the interior opening 16 is sized to fit just around the cap 26 without allowing the cap 26 to move within the sleeve 18. In other embodiments, the interior opening 16 is slightly smaller than the cap 26, such that the cap 26 must be forced into the sleeve 18 and the material of the sleeve 18 tightly grips the cap 26. The cap 26 may be made of any suitable material, e.g., rubber, plastic, or metal. The cap 26 may be secured by a form or press fit. Alternatively, or in addition to the fit, the cap 26 may be secured by a suitable rubber cement or adhesive.

[0034] In some embodiments, the cap 26 may have a surface geometry 48 comprising a rib 48 or other protrusion 48. Similarly, the inner surface 22 of the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18 may have a surface geometry 50 that corresponds to the surface geometry 48 of the cap 26 in order to receive the protrusion. For example, where the cap 26 has a rib 48, the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18 may have a depression 50 on the interior surface 22 to correspond to the rib 48. The insertion of the rib 48 into the corresponding depression 50 may prevent movement of the cap 26 within the open space of the sleeve 18. Such a rib 48 and depression 50 are depicted in Figure 2.

[0035] In some embodiments, the cap 26 may have a hollow internal core 52, such as that depicted in Figure 3. Figure 3 shows a cross-section of such a hollow core 52 or "thin wall" cap. The hollow core 52 can be of any suitable dimensions. For example, as shown in Figure 5, the hollow core 52 may comprise a substantial portion (e.g., greater than 50%) of the internal volume of the cap. In contrast, as shown in Figure 12, the hollow core 52 may comprise a slight or small portion of the internal volume of the cap 26 (e.g, less than 50% of the internal volume). It is believed that the hollow core 52 may provide improved acoustic characteristics and improve rebound performance at the location of the enclosure.

[0036] In some embodiments, as depicted in Figure 5, a foam layer 54 may be disposed over the top of the cap. The foam layer 54 may be any suitable foam, including all foams described above as suitable for a foam section 40 disposed between the cap 26 and the components 30. In a preferred embodiment, the foam layer 54 is comprised of an open cell, low density PU foam.

[0037] In this embodiment, the cap 26 is depressed into the enclosure, and the foam layer 28 is applied over the cap. The top 29 of the foam layer 28 may be level with the inner surface or the outer surface of the bladder. The winding and carcass are then applied over the foam and bladder together. It is believed that the foam layer 28 over the cap 26 may improve the acoustic characteristics or rebound performance at the location of the holder 10.

[0038] The component holder 10 as described herein provides a ball that reduces internal vibrations of the components 30 (e.g., the electronics) and eliminates a "dead spot" on the ball when the ball bounces or rebounds on the surface portion of the ball under which is the component enclosure.

[0039] Embodiment 1: In one embodiment, a ball is provided, comprising a bladder and a component holder 10. The component holder 10 is secured to an interior surface or an exterior surface of the bladder and comprises a proximal portion 12 proximal to the bladder and a closed distal portion 14 distal to the bladder. The proximal portion 12 of the holder comprises an opening 16. The holder 10 further comprises a skirt 20 surrounding the opening 16. The skirt 20 connects the holder 10 to the bladder.

[0040] The opening 16 opens into a sleeve 18 that extends a distance away from the opening 16, terminating in a closed distal portion 14 that secures components 30. The components 30 comprise one or multiple insertable parts. The components 30 are inserted through the opening 16 and into the distal portion 14 of the sleeve 18. The components 30 are enclosed within the open volume of the distal portion 14. The open volume of the distal portion 14 may be sized to snugly enclose the components 30. The outside surface 34 of the distal portion 14 may be form-fitting to the enclosed components 30.

[0041] After the components 30 are inserted into the sleeve 18, a cap 26 having a hollow internal core 52 is inserted to secure the electronics 30 within the sleeve 18. A section 40 of air separates the cap 26 and the components 30 within the sleeve 18 of the holder 10. The open volume of the proximal portion 12 may be sized to snugly enclose the cap. The cap 26 has a surface geometry 48 comprising a rib 48 or other protrusion 48. Similarly, the inner surface 22 of the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18 has a surface geometry 50 that corresponds to the surface geometry 48 of the cap 26 in order to receive the protrusion 48. The rib 48 of the cap 26 is inserted into the corresponding depression 50 within the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18.

[0042] A foam layer 28 is disposed over the top 46 of the cap 26. The foam layer 28 may be an open cell, low density PU foam. The top 29 of the foam layer 28 may be level with the inner surface or the outer surface of the bladder. After the components 30, cap 26, and foam layer 28 are inserted into the sleeve 18, the skirt 20 is attached to the bladder surface, in order to seal the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18 to the bladder.

[0043] Embodiment 2: In another embodiment, a ball is provided, comprising a bladder and a component holder 10. The component holder 10 is secured to an interior surface or an exterior surface of the bladder and comprises a proximal portion 12 proximal to the bladder and a closed distal portion 14 distal to the bladder. The proximal portion 12 of the holder 10 comprises an opening 16. The holder 10 further comprises a skirt 20 surrounding the opening 16. The skirt 20 connects the holder 10 to the bladder.

[0044] The opening 16 opens into a sleeve 18 that extends a distance away from the opening 16, terminating in a closed distal portion 14 that secures components 30. The components 30 comprise one or multiple insertable parts. The components 30 are inserted through the opening 16 and into the distal portion 14 of the sleeve 18. The components 30 are enclosed within the open volume of the distal portion 14.

[0045] The components 30 have a surface geometry 36 comprising a rib 36 or other protrusion 36. Similarly, the inner surface 35 of the closed distal portion 14 of the sleeve 18 has a surface geometry 38 that corresponds to the surface geometry 36 of the components 30 in order to receive the protrusion 36. The rib 36 of the components 30 is inserted into the corresponding depression 38 within the distal portion 14 of the sleeve 18. The open volume of the distal portion 14 may be sized to snugly enclose the components 30. The outside surface 34 of the distal portion 14 may be form-fitting to the enclosed components 30.

[0046] After the components 30 are inserted into the sleeve 18, a cap 26 having a hollow internal core 52 is inserted to secure the electronics 30 within the sleeve 18. A section 40 of air separates the cap 26 and the components 30 within the sleeve 18 of the holder 10. The open volume of the proximal portion 12 may be sized to snugly enclose the cap 26. The cap 26 has a top surface 46 that is a substantially convex curve relative to the interior of the bladder. The cap 26 has a surface geometry 48 comprising a rib 48 or other protrusion 48. Similarly, the inner surface 22 of the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18 has a surface geometry 50 that corresponds to the surface geometry 48 of the cap 26 in order to receive the protrusion 48. The rib 48 of the cap 26 is inserted into the corresponding depression 50 within the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18. After the components 30 and cap 26 are inserted into the sleeve 18, the skirt 20 is attached to the bladder surface, in order to seal the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18 to the bladder.

[0047] Embodiment 3: In another embodiment, a ball is provided, comprising a bladder and a component holder 10. The component holder 10 is secured to an interior surface or an exterior surface of the bladder and comprises a proximal portion 12 proximal to the bladder and a closed distal portion 14 distal to the bladder. The proximal portion 12 of the holder 10 comprises an opening 16. The holder 10 further comprises a skirt 20 surrounding the opening 16. The skirt 20 connects the holder 10 to the bladder.

[0048] The opening 16 opens into a sleeve 18 that extends a distance away from the opening 16, terminating in a closed distal portion 14 that secures components 30. The components 30 comprise one or multiple insertable parts. The components 30 are inserted through the opening 16 and into the distal portion 14 of the sleeve 18. The components 30 are enclosed within the open volume of the distal portion 14. The open volume of the distal portion 14 may be sized to snugly enclose the components 30. The outside surface 34 of the distal portion 14 may be form-fitting to the enclosed components 30.

[0049] After the components 30 are inserted into the sleeve 18, a cap 26 having a hollow internal core 52 is inserted to secure the electronics 30 within the sleeve 18. A section 40 of foam separates the cap 26 and the components 30 within the sleeve 18 of the holder 10. The foam may be an open cell, low density PU foam. [0050] The open volume of the proximal portion 12 may be sized to snugly enclose the cap 26. The cap 26 has a surface geometry 48 comprising a rib 48 or other protrusion 48. Similarly, the inner surface 22 of the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18 has a surface geometry 50 that corresponds to the surface geometry 48 of the cap 26 in order to receive the protrusion 48. The rib 48 of the cap 26 is inserted into the corresponding depression 50 within the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18.

[0051] A foam layer 28 is disposed over the top of the cap. The foam layer may be an open cell, low density PU foam. The top 29 of the foam layer 28 may be level with the inner surface or the outer surface of the bladder. After the components 30, foam section 40, cap 26, and foam layer 28 are inserted into the sleeve 18, the skirt 20 is attached to the bladder surface, in order to seal the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18 to the bladder.

[0052] Embodiment 4: In another embodiment, a ball is provided, comprising a bladder and a component holder 10. The component holder 10 is secured to an interior surface or an exterior surface of the bladder and comprises a proximal portion 12 proximal to the bladder and a closed distal portion 14 distal to the bladder. The proximal portion 12 of the holder 10 comprises an opening 16. The holder 10 further comprises a skirt 20 surrounding the opening. The skirt 20 connects the holder 10 to the bladder.

[0053] The opening 16 opens into a sleeve 18 that extends a distance away from the opening 16, terminating in a closed distal portion 14 that secures components 30. The components 30 comprise one or multiple insertable parts. The components 30 are inserted through the opening 16 and into the distal portion 14 of the sleeve 18. The components 30 are enclosed within the open volume of the distal portion 14. The components 30 have a surface geometry 36 comprising a rib 36 or other protrusion 36. Similarly, the inner surface 35 of the closed distal portion 14 of the sleeve 18 has a surface geometry 38 that corresponds to the surface geometry 36 of the components 30 in order to receive the protrusion 36. The rib 36 of the components 30 is inserted into the corresponding depression 38 within the distal portion 14 of the sleeve 18. The open volume of the distal portion 14 may be sized to snugly enclose the components 30. The outside surface 34 of the distal portion 14 may be form-fitting to the enclosed components 30.

[0054] After the components 30 are inserted into the sleeve 18, a cap 26 having a hollow internal core 52 is inserted to secure the electronics 30 within the sleeve 18. A section 40 of foam separates the cap 26 and the components 30 within the sleeve 18 of the holder 10. The foam may be an open cell, low density PU foam.

[0055] The open volume of the proximal portion 12 may be sized to snugly enclose the cap 26. The cap 26 has a top surface 46 that is a substantially convex curve relative to the interior of the bladder. The cap 26 has a surface geometry 48 comprising a rib 48 or other protrusion 48. Similarly, the inner surface 22 of the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18 has a surface geometry 50 that corresponds to the surface geometry 48 of the cap 26 in order to receive the protrusion 48. The rib 48 of the cap 26 is inserted into the corresponding depression 50 within the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18. After the components 30, foam section 40, and cap 26 are inserted into the sleeve 18, the skirt 20 is attached to the bladder surface, in order to seal the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18 to the bladder.

[0056] Embodiment 5: In another embodiment, a ball is provided, comprising a bladder and a component holder 10. The component holder 10 is secured to an interior surface or an exterior surface of the bladder and comprises a proximal portion 12 proximal to the bladder and an open distal portion 14 distal to the bladder. The proximal portion 12 of the holder 10 comprises an opening 16. The holder 10 further comprises a skirt 20 surrounding the opening 16. The skirt 20 connects the holder 10 to the bladder.

[0057] The opening 16 opens into a sleeve 18 that extends a distance away from the opening 16, terminating in an open distal portion 14 that secures components 30. The components 30 comprise one or multiple insertable parts. The components 30 are inserted through the opening 16 and partially through the distal portion 14 of the sleeve 18, such that an upper portion 31 of the components 30 is located within the sleeve 18, and a lower portion 32 of the components 30 protrudes from the sleeve 18 through the open distal portion 14. The open distal portion 14 is sized to fit around an outer circumference of the components 30.

[0058] The components 30 have a surface geometry 36 comprising a rib 36 or other protrusion 36. Similarly, the inner surface 35 of the distal portion 14 of the sleeve 18 has a surface geometry 38 that corresponds to the surface geometry 36 of the components 30 in order to receive the protrusion 36. The rib 36 of the components 30 is inserted into the corresponding depression 38 within the distal portion 14 of the sleeve 18. The outside surface 34 of the distal portion 14 may be form-fitting around the circumference of the components 30.

[0059] After the components 30 are inserted into the sleeve 18, a cap 26 having a hollow internal core 52 is inserted to secure the electronics 30 within the sleeve 18. A section 40 of air separates the cap 26 and the components 30 within the sleeve 18 of the holder 10. The open volume of the proximal portion 12 may be sized to snugly enclose the cap. The cap 26 has a surface geometry 48 comprising a rib 48 or other protrusion 48. Similarly, the inner surface 22 of the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18 has a surface geometry 50 that corresponds to the surface geometry 48 of the cap 26 in order to receive the protrusion 48. The rib 48 of the cap 26 is inserted into the corresponding depression 50 within the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18.

[0060] A foam layer 28 is disposed over the top 46 of the cap 26. The foam layer 28 may be an open cell, low density PU foam. The top 29 of the foam layer 28 may be level with the inner surface or the outer surface of the bladder. After the components 30, cap 26, and foam layer 28 are inserted into the sleeve 18, the skirt 20 is attached to the bladder surface, in order to seal the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18 to the bladder.

[0061] Embodiment 6: In another embodiment, a ball is provided, comprising a bladder and a component holder 10. The component holder 10 is secured to an interior surface or an exterior surface of the bladder and comprises a proximal portion 12 proximal to the bladder and an open distal portion 14 distal to the bladder. The proximal portion 12 of the holder 10 comprises an opening 16. The holder 10 further comprises a skirt 20 surrounding the opening 16. The skirt 20 connects the holder 10 to the bladder. [0062] The opening 16 opens into a sleeve 18 that extends a distance away from the opening 16, terminating in an open distal portion 14 that secures components 30. The components 30 comprise one or multiple insertable parts. The components 30 are inserted through the opening 16 and partially through the distal portion 14 of the sleeve 18, such that an upper portion 31 of the components 30 is located within the sleeve 18, and a lower portion 32 of the components 30 protrudes from the sleeve 18 through the open distal portion 14. The open distal portion 14 is sized to fit around an outer circumference of the components 30.

[0063] The components 30 have a surface geometry 36 comprising a rib 36 or other protrusion 36. Similarly, the inner surface 35 of the distal portion 14 of the sleeve 18 has a surface geometry 38 that corresponds to the surface geometry 36 of the components in order to receive the protrusion 36. The rib 36 of the components 30 is inserted into the corresponding depression 38 within the distal portion 14 of the sleeve 18. The outside surface 34 of the distal portion 14 may be form-fitting around the circumference of the components 30.

[0064] After the components 30 are inserted into the sleeve 18, a cap 26 having a hollow internal core 52 is inserted to secure the electronics 30 within the sleeve 18. A section 40 of air separates the cap 26 and the components 30 within the sleeve 18 of the holder 10. The open volume of the proximal portion 12 may be sized to snugly enclose the cap 26. The cap 26 has a surface geometry 48 comprising a rib 48 or other protrusion 48. Similarly, the inner surface 22 of the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18 has a surface geometry 50 that corresponds to the surface geometry 48 of the cap 26 in order to receive the protrusion 48. The rib 48 of the cap 26 is inserted into the corresponding depression 50 within the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18. After the components 30 and cap 26 are inserted into the sleeve 18, the skirt 20 is attached to the bladder surface, in order to seal the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18 to the bladder.

[0065] Embodiment 7: In another embodiment, a ball is provided, comprising a bladder and a component holder 10. The component holder 10 is secured to an interior surface or an exterior surface of the bladder and comprises a proximal portion 12 proximal to the bladder and an open distal portion 14 distal to the bladder. The proximal portion 12 of the holder 10 comprises an opening 16. The holder 10 further comprises a skirt 20 surrounding the opening 16. The skirt 20 connects the holder 10 to the bladder.

[0066] The opening 16 opens into a sleeve 18 that extends a distance away from the opening 16, terminating in an open distal portion 14 that secures components 30. The components 30 comprise one or multiple insertable parts. The components 30 are inserted through the opening 16 and partially through the distal portion 14 of the sleeve 18, such that an upper portion 31 of the components 30 is located within the sleeve 18, and a lower portion 32 of the components 30 protrudes from the sleeve 18 through the open distal portion 14. The open distal portion 14 is sized to fit around an outer circumference of the components 30.

[0067] The components 30 have a surface geometry 36 comprising a rib 36 or other protrusion 36. Similarly, the inner surface 35 of the distal portion 14 of the sleeve 18 has a surface geometry 38 that corresponds to the surface geometry 36 of the components 30 in order to receive the protrusion 36. The rib 36 of the components 30 is inserted into the corresponding depression 38 within the distal portion 14 of the sleeve 18. The outside surface 34 of the distal portion 14 may be form-fitting around the circumference of the components 30.

[0068] After the components 30 are inserted into the sleeve 18, a cap 26 having a hollow internal core 52 is inserted to secure the electronics 30 within the sleeve 18. A section 40 of foam separates the cap 26 and the components 30 within the sleeve 18 of the holder 10. The foam may be an open cell, low density PU foam.

[0069] The open volume of the proximal portion 12 may be sized to snugly enclose the cap. The cap 26 has a surface geometry 48 comprising a rib 48 or other protrusion 48. Similarly, the inner surface 22 of the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18 has a surface geometry 50 that corresponds to the surface geometry 48 of the cap 26 in order to receive the protrusion 48. The rib 48 of the cap 26 is inserted into the corresponding depression 50 within the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18. [0070] A foam layer 28 is disposed over the top 46 of the cap 26. The foam layer 28 may be an open cell, low density PU foam. The top 29 of the foam layer 28 may be level with the inner surface or the outer surface of the bladder. After the components 30, foam section 40, cap 26, and foam layer 28 are inserted into the sleeve 18, the skirt 20 is attached to the bladder surface, in order to seal the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18 to the bladder.

[0071] Embodiment 8: In another embodiment, a ball is provided, comprising a bladder and a component holder 10. The component holder 10 is secured to an interior surface or an exterior surface of the bladder and comprises a proximal portion 12 proximal to the bladder and an open distal portion 14 distal to the bladder. The proximal portion 12 of the holder 10 comprises an opening 16. The holder 10 further comprises a skirt 20 surrounding the opening 16. The skirt 20 connects the holder 10 to the bladder.

[0072] The opening 16 opens into a sleeve 18 that extends a distance away from the opening 16, terminating in an open distal portion 14 that secures components 30. The components 30 comprise one or multiple insertable parts. The components 30 are inserted through the opening 16 and partially through the distal portion 14 of the sleeve 18, such that an upper portion 31 of the components 30 is located within the sleeve 18, and a lower portion 32 of the components 30 protrudes from the sleeve 18 through the open distal portion 14. The open distal portion 14 is sized to fit around an outer circumference of the components 30.

[0073] The components 30 have a surface geometry 36 comprising a rib 36 or other protrusion 36. Similarly, the inner surface 35 of the distal portion 14 of the sleeve 18 has a surface geometry 38 that corresponds to the surface geometry 36 of the components 30 in order to receive the protrusion 36. The rib 36 of the components 30 is inserted into the corresponding depression 38 within the distal portion 14 of the sleeve 18. The outside surface 34 of the distal portion 14 may be form-fitting around the circumference of the components 30.

[0074] After the components 30 are inserted into the sleeve 18, a cap 26 having a hollow internal core 52 is inserted to secure the electronics 30 within the sleeve 18. A section 40 of foam separates the cap 26 and the components 30 within the sleeve 18 of the holder 10. The foam may be an open cell, low density PU foam.

[0075] The open volume of the proximal portion 12 may be sized to snugly enclose the cap 26. The cap 26 has a top surface 46 that is a substantially convex curve relative to the interior of the bladder. The cap 26 has a surface geometry 48 comprising a rib 48 or other protrusion 48. Similarly, the inner surface 22 of the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18 has a surface geometry 50 that corresponds to the surface geometry 48 of the cap 26 in order to receive the protrusion 48. The rib 48 of the cap 26 is inserted into the corresponding depression 50 within the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18. After the components 30, cap 26, and foam section 40 are inserted into the sleeve 18, the skirt 20 is attached to the bladder surface, in order to seal the proximal portion 12 of the sleeve 18 to the bladder.

[0076] Various embodiments have been tested according to different attributes of a basketball having a component holder 10 and component 30 (referred to in the following testing description as a "component ball" for ease of reference) to compare the component ball to a conventional ball. For each embodiment, the ball was tested in the following ways: (1) a qualitative comparison of the sound of the bounce on the cover panel over the component holder 10 to that of a conventional basketball bouncing; (2) a qualitative comparison of rebound angle/ rotation to determine whether the component ball reacted erratically; (3) a rebound height comparison test; and (4) a durability test.

[0077] The sound test was performed by bouncing a component ball on the panel covering the component 30 along with a conventional basketball. The goal of this test was to determine if the component ball sounded similar when bouncing to a conventional ball, such that the sound of the bounce did not distract players during game play. A "good" result was one where the component ball had the same or very similar sound profile to a listener as the conventional ball. An "intermediate" result was one where there was a noticeable difference between the component ball and the conventional ball, but it was not overly distracting. A "poor" result was one where the component ball had a deadened bounce sound that clearly distinguished it from a conventional ball and distracted a player. The players selected for listening to this test were professional or collegiate basketball players.

[0078] Next, a rebound angle/ rotation test was performed to determine whether the component ball rebounds at a similar angle and rotational spin as a conventional ball. If a conventional ball is dropped from rest at a given height and allowed to fall freely onto a flat standard basketball surface, the conventional ball will rebound directly above the point of impact on the surface, with no induced rotational spin. That is, the rebound trajectory of the conventional ball will be substantially perpendicular to the basketball surface and extend from the surface towards the location from which the ball was dropped.

[0079] To test how a component ball's rebound compares, a fully inflated component ball was dropped from rest at a given height and oriented such that the ball bounced on the cover panel on the component holder 10. The component ball was allowed to fall freely and bounce on a standard basketball surface. Upon the ball's impact, two measurements were obtained: (1) the angle of the rebound relative to the surface and (2) the rotational spin of the ball during the rebound. A "good" result was one where the angle of the rebound was generally perpendicular to the surface and the ball had little to no rotational spin during the rebound. A "poor" result was one where the angle of the rebound was not generally perpendicular relative to the surface (i.e., the rebound veered off at an angle) and/or the ball had rotational spin during the rebound.

[0080] Additionally, a rebound height comparison test was performed. First, a component ball was subjected to 20,000 cycles in a dribble machine, the process of which is described below in the dribble test discussion. This process aids in "breaking- in" the ball by wakening the ball's internal windings, which may increase the rebound height by approximately 1-2" as compared to a ball that has not been subjected to the dribble machine. After the component ball was "broken-in" via the dribble machine, the average rebound height for the component ball bounced on the component panel was determined. To make this determination, the fully inflated component ball was dropped from rest, wherein the bottom of the ball was 72 inches above the floor and oriented such that the ball bounced on the cover panel over the component holder 10. The ball was allowed to fall freely and bounce on a standard basketball surface. The height of the rebound taken from the top of the ball was then measured. This rebound test was repeated twenty times, and the results were averaged to determine the average rebound height on the component panel. An average rebound measurement between 50-56 inches is considered a passing result. Additionally, the minimum and maximum rebound heights were recorded for a component ball bounced on the component panel.

[0081] Second, the same test was performed, but the ball was oriented such that it bounced on the air valve panel. The air valve panel is positioned directly opposite the component panel, such that the air valve panel is on one side of the ball and the component panel is on the extreme opposite side of the ball from the air valve panel. As with before, a measurement of the rebound height was taken. This was repeated twenty times, and the results were averaged to determine the average rebound height on the air valve panel. Additionally, the minimum and maximum rebound heights were likewise recorded.

[0082] Then, to assess the rebound performance of a component ball, the measurements obtained for each type of bounce were compared. First, the average rebound on the air valve panel was compared to the average rebound on the component panel to determine the difference in rebound height. Second, the minimum and maximum rebound heights for each type of bounce were compared. The best performing ball would show the smallest difference in both (1) average rebound height and (2) minimum and maximum rebound heights. A "best" result was one where the difference in rebound height was less than 0.5" and there was little to no difference in the maximum rebound heights. A "good" result was one where the difference in rebound height was between 0.5" and 1" and the difference in the minimum rebound heights was approximately 2". An "intermediate" result was one where the difference in rebound height was between 1" and 2" and the difference in the minimum rebound heights was approximately 2". A "poor" result was one where the difference in rebound height was greater than 2" and the difference in the minimum rebound heights was approximately 3".

[0083] Finally, a dribble test was performed to assess the durability of the component ball. This test was performed using a dribble machine that replicates on-court dribbling of a basketball. Specifically, the dribble machine has a bottom platform that may be propelled upwards by a pneumatic cylinder. The dribble machine further has a wooden platform positioned a distance above the bottom platform. The wooden platform is placed at the approximate height of the waist of an adult basketball player. To simulate an on-court dribble, a ball is placed onto the bottom platform, and then, the bottom platform is propelled upwards via pneumatic pressure, causing the ball to strike the wooden platform positioned above the bottom platform. The resulting velocity of the pneumatic cylinder approximates the standard impact force of an adult basketball player dribbling a basketball.

[0084] For the dribble test, a fully inflated component ball was placed into the dribble machine for 20,000 cycles. A "cycle" is measured as the ball strikes the top wooden platform and returns to the bottom platform. These cycles were performed in rapid succession. The ball passes the dribbling test if there are no observable durability issues upon completion of the 20,000 cycles (e.g., the component holder 10 does not fail or deteriorate to the point that the components 30 are loosened or dislodged). A ball fails the dribbling test if (1) there are observable durability issues upon completion of the 20,000 cycles or (2) the performance of the ball in other metrics is inadequate, such that the dribbling test is deemed unnecessary and, thus, not performed.

[0085] The following Table 1 indicates the results of testing component balls having various types of enclosures 10 with components 30 of varying weights.

[0086] The following Table 2 provides the exact results of the rebound height comparison test for component balls having various types of enclosures 10 with components 30 of varying weights. The component ball embodiments in Table 2 correspond to the embodiments described in Table 1.

[0087] From these tests, a few conclusions can be drawn. First, the tested designs perform at least adequately for general use where the component mass was kept below 10 grams. While other similar designs for larger components 30 may be identified based on this disclosure, it is preferable that the component mass be maintained at or less than 10 grams.

[0088] Second, the best performing balls showed low differences between the component-panel rebound height and the air valve-panel rebound height. These balls had an air gap, either an open or closed boot design, and a component mass under 10 grams.

[0089] Third, the balls that included foam with the gap performed adequately. The testing demonstrates that foam of different densities and thicknesses may be used to improve rebound and the sound of the ball bouncing.

[0090] It is to be understood that any given elements of the disclosed embodiments of the invention may be embodied in a single structure, a single step, a single substance, or the like. Similarly, a given element of the disclosed embodiment may be embodied in multiple structures, steps, substances, or the like.

[0091] The foregoing description illustrates and describes the processes, machines, manufactures, compositions of matter, and other teachings of the present disclosure. Additionally, the disclosure shows and describes only certain embodiments of the processes, machines, manufactures, compositions of matter, and other teachings disclosed, but, as mentioned above, it is to be understood that the teachings of the present disclosure are capable of use in various other combinations, modifications, and environments and are capable of changes or modifications within the scope of the teachings as expressed herein, commensurate with the skill and/or knowledge of a person having ordinary skill in the relevant art. The embodiments described hereinabove are further intended to explain certain best modes known of practicing the processes, machines, manufactures, compositions of matter, and other teachings of the present disclosure and to enable others skilled in the art to utilize the teachings of the present disclosure in such, or other, embodiments and with the various modifications required by the particular applications or uses. Accordingly, the processes, machines, manufactures, compositions of matter, and other teachings of the present disclosure are not intended to limit the exact embodiments and examples disclosed herein. Any section headings herein are provided only for consistency with the suggestions of 37 C.F.R. § 1.77 or otherwise to provide organizational queues. These headings shall not limit or characterize the invention(s) set forth herein.