1. Technical field

The present invention relates to general constructions, according to the international patent classification (MKP) is classified as E04B, E04B1/18.

2. Technical problem

This invention solves a technical problem that arises when the supporting structure of the building forms a skeleton of reinforced concrete consoles interconnected in the spatial grid.

The space grid is realized so that represented the supporting structure of the walls, partitions, floors, ceilings and roofs of the building in whose empty spaces are filled with fillings like bricks and a spatial grid as the supporting structure of the building, as well as the whole building has a large mass and weight. That is adversely affected at all stages of construction, from foundation to completion of the entire building. So, this concept of construction is long- lasting and expensive. 3. State of the art

Construction for a variety of needs has a long history during which the many requests appeared, which they used to refer to the price and duration of construction.

Today in the world due to population growth, there is growing need for the construction of smaller housing facilities. These needs are expressed in extraordinary situations such as earthquakes, floods, war destruction, mass migration which require emergency evacuation. In such situations, there is a need for an urgent solution of accommodation for a larger population., when satisfied with smaller residential facilities but with priority requirements that the price and duration of construction are acceptable to future users.

In the patent literature there are no technical solutions to solve this technical problem by forming a metal structure (iron) tubing interconnected in the grid as a supporting structure of the building instead of reinforced concrete and / or iron parts, in order to achieve radically more acceptable solutions according to price criterion and speed of construction.

The patent writing represented a solution in which the building skeleton forms thin sheet metal profiles which serve as H-shaped vertical columns and thus do not achieve the characteristics and advantages of the solution according to the invention.

With the solutions presented in the patent WO 96/35022, the supporting spatial grid consists of steel profiles of various shapes, which produce complex technology processes and machines and condition the high cost of these spatial grid sections, according to patent dossiers US4, 192, 113 as well as GB 2 099 979.

The patent file JPH 10259644 contains a solution with steel profiles, while the document WO 2015/182661 has a solution for interconnection using specially designed connecting elements.

Known technical solutions contained in the "Condition of Techniques" did not systematically and fully comprehend and solve the indicated technical problem as a whole. 4. Essence of the invention

The essence of the present invention is that the spatial grid as a supporting structure of the building instead of the skeleton of reinforced concrete or steel brackets of different profiles makes the system of metal tubes of certain dimensions. These metal tubes are interconnected to form a supportive spatial grating of the building, where the grid consists of a plurality of smaller single grid assemblies, whose shapes and structures reflect the configuration of the building space.

Therefore, the structure of the supporting spatial grid of the complete structure according to the invention is made up of smaller single interconnected spatial grid compartments, each of which constitutes a corresponding room of which the building is composed. Each of the rooms is bounded and defined by certain shapes and sizes of the walls, ceilings and floors, with respect to that configuration of the rooms forming the constituent parts of the respective compartments of the supporting spatial grid made by joining metal tubes comprising the supporting parts of the walls, floors, partitions, ceilings and the roofs of the building.

The space grid as a supporting structure of a complete building with its assemblies and parts in a convenient manner contains the shapes and dimensions of the individual parts of the corresponding building spaces.

The definition of all the details of the supporting structure of the building realized by the spatial grid of interconnected metal (iron) pipes is accessed when all data and requirements are known to the building concerned, whereby the total space grid with its size, shape, structure and configuration corresponds to the spatial arrangement of the corresponding building.

As is well-known, the application of all relevant technical requirements and

regulations in the field of construction is a sign for all types of construction without exception, even when the supporting structure of the structure is made up of a metal pipe system interconnected in the space grid. This means that the project and implementing documentation prescribed in the results of the construction also includes a part containing static calculations containing all the data required for performing each partial support grid made up of a system of interconnected metal tubes that together form the complete grid as a supporting structure buildings as a whole.

Starting from the fact that each building, both on the ground and on the floors, consists of a series of surfaces, which may be arbitrary shapes and sizes, forming walls, floors, ceilings and roofs, project documentation for each of these surface (s) define their respective partial parts of the complete structure of the supporting space grid, starting from the dimensions, the material and the shape of the cross-section of the metal pipes as well as the angles on which the metal tubes are mutually assembled and joined, most commonly placed at vertical angles.

Among the results of the calculations are all elemental and priority data referring to metal, iron pipes, starting from their kind, cross-sectional shape and gauge, to their way of interconnection in the supportive space grid.

For each supporting plate as the corresponding surface of the future structure, the project documentation defines an appropriate partial grid supporting grid forming two sets of specified number of vertical spaced pipes.

For the selection and definition of all relevant metal pipe parameters, such as cross- sectional forms, their dimensions and length are generally quadratic (1 .1 ) and rectangular (1.2) transverse cross-sections, rounded (1.3) cross-sections are possible, each having external (1.5) and internal (1.6) dimensions and

corresponding lengths (1.4).

Finally, the definition of each partial grid as part of the overall structure of the supporting space grid, apart from the choice of metal tubes of a certain cross sectional shape and their dimensions, also includes the definition of a pipe grid of a specific partial carrier spatial grid formed by two groups of tubes of a given number. Each of these groups is in one mutual parallel and close plane, where the two groups of tubes are reciprocally positioned so that they are on respective spadngs and are subjected to a certain, usually at right angle slamming. At each of the crossings of these two tube groups, the junction nodes are formed, the two groups of tubes being secured together with the respective connecting elements. Connection nodes represent nodes of the concerned mesh, after which the two groups of tubes previously held by each of these groups are in each separate parallel and close plane of each other, finally occupying the position in the same plane.

One of the two groups of tubes, which are at their respective spacing, is positioned horizontally as longitudinal connections on the net, while the second group of the whole number is spaced apart, placed on the preceding tube group, which serves as a cross-link and as carrying pillars.

In places where the tubes cross at right angles, connection nodes are formed as described, which may be of several forms, of which four are the most common.

The connection nodes between the transverse pipes regarding carrying pillar (2.6) and the longitudinal pipes (4.1) in practice appear in several shapes. First, there are the connection nodes transverse pipes / carrying pillars (2.6) , with two bonded elements (2.5), to which at least two longitudinal pipes (4.1) are loaded in one (2.1) or two (2.2) mutually vertical planes. Secondly, a connection nodes between the transverse tubes / carrying pillars (2.6) and the three connecting elements (2.5) to which longitudinal (4.1) pipes are plated, two of which are in one plane and a third in the second plane perpendicular to the preceding one. The third is the case of a cross-connection node, a transverse tube/carrying pillars (2.6) with four connecting elements (2.5) to which four longitudinal (4.1 ) pipes are topped, of which two are in each of the two planes that are mutually perpendicular.

The connecting nodes between the longitudinal (4.1) and transverse tubes / carrying pillars (2.6) are realized in such a way that after selecting the tubes with the appropriate shape and dimensions of section cross-sections (square (1.1) or (1.2) or round (1.3) tubes with the respective external (1.5) and interior (1.6) cross- sectional dimensions and their lengths (1.4), of all connecting node (2.5) and the longitudinal pipes to achieve the coordination of their shapes and dimensions using the coupling elements of the same tubular shape as the longitudinal ones to which they are connected. For connecting elements (2.5), lengths are multiple shorter than the length of longitudinal pipes are used, generally, their length is two to three lengths of the outer dimension of the longitudinal section of the longitudinal tube. The external dimensions of the cross-sectional dimensions (a _v , b _v , C _v ) of the tubes used for the connecting elements (2.5) are to a lesser extent than the internal dimensions of the cross-sectional area (a _u , b _u , c _u ) of the longitudinal (4.1) pipes with which they are interconnected to fasten the ends of the longitudinal pipes to the connecting elements (2.5).

On the connecting elements (2.5) located on the transverse ducts / carrying pillars (2.6) used as longitudinal pipe suspensions, the holes (3.2) are provided for their mutual fastening, whereby the attachment elements (2.5) are secured by welding (3.4) the corresponding places on the transverse pipes / carrying pillars (2.6).

This allows the formation of connecting nodes and the construction of a spatial grid formed by a metal tubes connected so as to form a spatial grid whose shape and structure are adapted to the building. This spatial grid encompasses each of its parts belonging to and reflects each and every area of the respective building spaces. Fixing the longitudinal pipes with the connecting elements (2.5) attached to the transverse tubes / carrying pillars (2.6) on which the bore holes (3.2) are constructed are so that the longitudinal tube is pushed to the connecting element (2.5) so that after fixing longitudinal ends of the longitudinal pipes, the fixing bushings coincide with the same boreholes (3.2) for the fastening made on the connecting elements.

In the frames of the connecting intersections of the transverse tubes carrying pillars (2.6) and the longitudinal pipes that are attached to the connecting elements (2.5) of the transverse pipes / carrying pillars (2.6), between the inner walls of the longitudinal pipe (4.1) and the outer wall of the connecting elements (2.5) the plastic inserts (4.2) are pressed to achieve a tight fit between the connecting elements and (2.5) and the longitudinal pipes.

In addition to achieving a tight fit between the connecting elements (2.5) and the longitudinal pipes (4.1) there is a need for achieving the complete compactness, reliability and tightness of the connecting intersections realized by the fixing device located within the connecting knot within the connecting element (2.5). Consists of a casing (5.1), fixing nut (5.4) with the corresponding thread, inside which the fixing screw (5.3) is in relation to the nose shifts (5.4) or vice versa, whereby in one direction of their turns increases the total the length of the bolts and nuts until the condition of both inserts (5.5) enters the holes (3.2) in the connecting hose wall (2.5) for fixing. By rotating the screws and mainstream in the same direction, the forehead surface (5.6) of the bolt and the mainstream (5.7) lean against the inner sides of the connecting pipes (2.5) and further rotation in the same direction of the bolts and mainstream causes the compression of their foreheads to the inner sides of the coupling tubes (2.5), thereby achieving the compactness and clamping force of the respective connecting intersection.

The method for fixing the connecting elements (2.5) and the longitudinal pipes (4.1) of the invention is achieved by inserting a fixing assembly consisting of a component serving as a screw (5.3) and the like as a mainstream (5.4) whose rotation in the opposite directions (5.8) achieves the movement of the head plane (5.6) of the screw (5.3) and the displacement of the nose plate (5.7) of the mainstream in the opposite direction. These two surfaces move away from one another and this is achieved by inserting the insertion of the in (5.5) into the hole (3.2) in the connecting element bracket (2.5) for fastening as well as pressing the end forehead (5.6) of the screw (5.3) as well as the forehead (5.7) the nuts (5.4) on the inner surfaces of the longitudinal pipe (4.1).

The bolts of the screws and mainstreams in the desired directions can be realized by means of rotations in certain directions (5.8) of the screws (5.3) and the nuts (5.4) resulting from the turning of the imbus keys inserted into the openings (5.2) which involves implanting the imbus key.

On the edges of one selected surface of the transverse and longitudinal pipes that integrate into the space that will be integral parts of the future walls, bound, appropriately shaped narrow sheets metals (7.1 and 7.2) are attached which serve as the boundary supports for the insulating boards in forming the walls between the respective spaces. As a rule, the choice of the surface is such that those on the outside are observed from the space that by setting insulating panels form the building's room.

When necessary, between the two transverse tubes / carrying pillars (3.1), U-profiles can be mounted on the longitudinal pipes, and suitable lateral reinforcements of the respective surface can be arranged between them.

The construction of a complete spatial grid as a supporting structure of the structure by a system of interconnected metal pipes is achieved by the building and the unification of partial spatial grids, among which the ones belonging to the spatial areas are foreseen for the partition walls, ceilings, floors and roofs.

After placing the grid as supporting structure of the building and forming the corresponding walls that may contain a certain number of segments (9.1) of the corresponding sizes and shapes, the selected number may include doors and windows (9.2).

It is a special advantage that all components of the grid structures can be prepared before the construction begins on the basis of all the previously elaborated data and the calculation implementation for each building, and assembly works are carried out on the construction site, usually no more than a few days.

After the construction of individual parts of the spatial grid, which depicts the skeleton of the future surfaces, ie the surface of the walls, ceilings, floors or roofs, is approaching the installation of insulation and installation of the free space of the walls.

It is especially important that the fillings work with certain suitable materials with good insulation properties, thus achieving the required bearing capacity and stability of the entire building. Simultaneously, this procedure simplifies, shortens and it's cheaper construction of the entire building at all stages starting from the basement.

Spaces designed for partition walls, ceilings and floors where the tubes are housed are implement by the materials of the desired heat insulation, in the first plastic materials, which results in a reduction not only of the thickness of all so constructed building walls but also their weight.

This system is characterized by the fact that the total time of construction of the facility from the beginning of its construction to its readiness to use, compared to alternative cases, is radically shortened and costs for consumed material have been reduced several times, resulting in a reduction in the cost per unit of built residential area multiple.

The mentioned building parameters constructed by this system of construction are achieved thanks to the fact that all surfaces of the space, walls, ceilings and floors are formed in such a way that for the construction of the individual planes they first form a grid structure by placing dedicated columns to which steel tubes are fastened using innovative joints.

In today's buildings constructed as residential and office spaces, the spacing between the surface of the stump and the floor surface does not exceed 3 m, so that static calculations show that in such amounts the spacing is a spatial grid which, as the supporting structure of the building, is a system of metallic, interconnected pipes can be realized with only two connecting nodes between the transverse tubes / carrying pillars, while their number and length of the longitudinal pipes depends on the needs of the project documentation, but only by the static calculation for the respective building.

Brief description of the drawings

Figure 1. Presentation of the possible cross-sectional shape of the pipe

Position 1.1 : Square tube;

Position 1.2: Rectangular tube;

Position 1.3: Round tube;

Position 1.4: Length of pipe (L);

Position 1.5: External dimensions of the cross section (a _Vt b _{V Cy} , D _v ) of the pipe;

Position 1.6: Internal dimensions of the cross section (au, b _u , c _u , D _u ) of the pipe;

Figure 2. Presentation the types of node of transverse and longitudinal pipes

Position 2.1 : The form of the connecting nodes of the transverse and two longitudinal pipes which are in one Jewel,“longitudinal connecting node”;

Position 2.2: The form of the connecting nodes of the transverse and two longitudinal pipes which are in two mutually vertical planes, a " corner point of the compound

Position 2.3: Shape T connecting nodes transverse with three

longitudinal pipes, two of which are parallel in one plane and a third in a second plane perpendicular to the preceding one;

Position 2.4: Shape of CROSS - connecting nodes transverse with four longitudinal pipes, of which two are parallel in one plane perpendicular to each other;

Position 2.5: Connect element of transverse pipe / carrying pillar

(2.6) and longitudinal pipes;

Position 2.6: Transverse pipe / carrying pillar;

Figure 3. Presentation of the transverse pipe / carrying pillar with two

longitudinal pipes which are in two mutually perpendicular planes:

Position 3.1 : L _v , Length of the connecting element (2.5);

Position 3.2: Screw in the wall of the connection element of the fixing tubes; Position 3.3: The inside of the tube;

Position 3.4: The welding compound with which the longitudinal tube

suspension is connected to the transverse tube/ carrying pillar;

Figure 4. Shows the cross-section of the connecting element of the transverse tube inserted into the longitudinal tube:

Position 4.1 : Cross section of longitudinal pipe;

Position 4.2: Elastic insert between connecting element of the transverse tube and longitudinal tube;

Position 4.3: Representation the intersection of the cross section

Figure 5. Presentation of the assembly for fastening the connecting element f3.4) of the carrying pillar and longitudinal pipes in the connecting node:

Position 5.1 : Housing set for fixing

Position 5.2: Opening for insertion of the imbus key;

Position 5.3: Insertion screw in / out of the fixing bore;

Position 5.4: Mainstream for insertion screw in / out of the fixing bore; Position 5.5: Insert into clamping holes;

Position 5.6: The front surface of the screw (5.3);

Position 5.7: The front surface of the mainstream (5.4);

Position 5.8: Direction of rotation of the screws (5.3) and mainstream (5.4); Position 5.9: Threads of the screw and mainstream;

Figure 6. Presentation of doing“corner point of the

Position 6.1 : Longitudinal pipe before attaching to the connecting element

(2.5);

Figure 7. Presentation of the "longitudinal connection node”;

STAGE A: Partially realized connection node

STAGE B: Created node

Position 7.1 : The sheet metal attached to the longitudinal tube;

Position 7.2: The sheet metal attached to the transverse tube/ carrying pillar;

Position 7.3: The connecting element between the two upper and lower, the transverse tube/ carrying pillar (3.1);

Figure 8. Presentation of the one segment between two transverse tubes,

carrying pillar with built-in amplifiers in the interspace

Position 8.1 : A longitudinal tube mounted on the connecting elements of adjacent transverse tubes/ carrying (2.6) pillar;

Position 8.2: U - profile;

Position 8.3: Crosswise reinforcement;

Figure 9. Presentation the segment of the built-up wall of the building;

Position 9.1 : Segment of the built-up wall

Position 9.2: Window made in the segment of the built-up wall;

6. Mode for carrying out the invention the method of realization the invention

The present invention is realized in the area of building construction within the framework of a general technology building of buildings with a pronounced use of the technology of engineering that is reflected in the use of steel tubes of various shapes and sizes of cross-sections as well as the original reciprocal connection of pipes in the construction of metal pipe systems interconnected in a way a spatial grid representing the supporting structure of the building.

The technology as well as the materials used are part of the category of general information.

7. The wav of industrial application of the invention

The present invention finds its application in the field of construction in such a way that prior to the construction of a certain structure, all the components of the system of interconnected metal pipes for the construction of a spatial grid representing the supporting structure of the building prior to certain plans of preparation in the corresponding mechanical workshops, that the time of their assembly and even the complete construction of the building is radically shortened.