Background-Field of Invention

This invention relates to containers, bottling object and closure mechanism (cap) , to prevent and deter unauthorized access to the contents within closure. Background-Description of Prior Art

Safety closure caps are well known in the art. The need for security caps for containers has long been recognized through prior art proposal and subsequent patents. The following U.S. patents disclose security closures and the like containers:

U.S. Patent No. 3,426,935

U.S. Patent No. 3,481,513

U.S. Patent No. 3,893,581

U.S. Patent No. 3,978,699

U.S. Patent No. 4,496,065

U.S. Patent No. 4,984,698

U.S. Patent No. 5,277,325 The prior art security cap mechanisms tend to be of a complex construction, or requires a key element to release the locking cap

mechanism. U.S. patent 4,496,065 to Nagy (1984) applies a very simple design for a security cap mechanism, which comprise of a cap member with external threads that fits flush into the neck of a container precluding removal of the cap member, the outer surface of the cap member is formed with a pair of diametrically space key- receiving recesses. A separated key element having a pair of projections fits in the plug recesses to provide a means for removing the cap and opening the container. The disadvantage of having a separate key element is that it can be lost or stolen resulting in potential unauthorized access or no access to the container even by the authorized user. Also Nagy key pattern design can easily be duplicated since the key pattern is visible. However the main disadvantage to Nagy's patent is that it requires a container with a female or internal threaded neck, since the cap must fit flush to the neck of container. This makes it impossible to use as a retro fit cap for conventional household bottles and containers. The security closure cap disclosed in U.S. patent No. 4,796,768 and 4,984,698 both issued to Stuckey (1988), utilizes an inner seal closure cap which is threadably engaged with the threaded neck portion of a conventional bottle or container, and an outer shield or shell member which is mounted for free rotation relative to the seal closure cap. Engagement of the seal cap for twisting motion either on or off is provided by an annular cylindrical clutch element which is integrally formed with the closure cap and projects upwardly therefrom. The annular shell housing carries a lock element which actuates a cam. A clutch shoe

carrier has one or more laterally extending guide which support one or more clutch shoe elements, which are maintained in an unactuated position by a spring or O-ring type spring. When the lock is actuated, the cam rotates causing the ends of the clutch shoes to operably extend laterally relative to the vertical axis of the bottle or container and the cylindrical clutch element to engage and disengage with the annular surface of the annular cylindrical clutch element upon unlocking and locking. The later of Stuckey patents listed above make an attempt to improve and simplifies the first design in order to reduce the number of parts and utilize a less expensive key locking mechanism to lower production cost. Although a very clever design it is clear that based on the complexity and multiple parts, that the cost of production would be high for both designs. U.S. Pat. No. 5,277,325, issued to Chan M. Yan (1994) describes a container with a locking cap, which comprise of a locking member that facilitates a seal for an upstanding flow channel on a cap that is rotatably engaged to a container. When in the lock position, one end of the locking member also engage with an abutment, in the form of a recess in the container body. This abutment therefore prevents the relative rotation of the cap preventing the removal of the cap from the container. A pair of annular members extends around the cap and provides a means of restricting the locking member from being raised out of the locked position. However, gaps in the annular members may be rotatable aligned with the locking member, allow the locking member to be raised out of the recess in the container and unsealing the flow

channel. It is, however, a disadvantage of this prior container closure that its cap will only lock on a container with a recess, thus limiting the use only to a special container. On the contrary, the present invention is very adaptable, and can be utilized on a wide variety of threaded containers.

Objects and Advantages

It is the object of this present invention to provide a lockable closure cap which has the following advantages:

1. Simple design with inexpensive parts.

2. Easy assemblage and low cost.

3. Lockable squeeze discharge spout for liquid containers.

4. Structure for retro fitting on conventional bottles and containers.

5. Locking combination that can be set by manufacturer or tailored by the consumer.

6. provide added protection against adolescence age children who are capable of reading common medicine cap opening instructions.

7. Provide a means of capping and preventing unauthorized uses of conventional water spouts.

Still further objects and advantages will become apparent from a

consideration of the ensuing description and drawings.

summary of The Invention

This invention provides a combination locking cap structure that can be used for containers, bottles, conventional out door faucets, and other threaded openings. The combination locking closure assembly comprise of a closure cap having a threaded bore for engagement with the threaded neck of a container, bottle, or faucet, the closure cap having a cylinder stem with or without a partial open end, depending on the content being caped. In the case where the end is opened, the stem acts as a discharge channel when combination locking cap is in the unlock position. The outer surface of the stem section has a smooth band at the base of the stem, and groove ribbing that acts as a gear when cap is in the unlock position. A cylindrical cap sleeve having internal ribbing in the lower portion which are consistent with that of the stem ribbing, and a wheel like element that extend and connects to the cylindrical cap by one or more (preferable two or more) bridges like that of a steering wheel of an automoblie. The outer rim of the wheel has vertical ribbing distributed around the circumference of the wheel. The cylindrical cap sleeve is structured wherein it is able to be positioned over the stem of the closure cap, which seals the open end of the stem when the cylindrical cap sleeve superimposed against the closure cap (lock position) . The closure

cap and cylindrical cap sleeve are housed in an annular outer shield, which in the lock position spins independently relative to the closure cap. The outer shield has an internal ribbed section. When the combination locking cap is in the unlock position or when cylindrical cap sleeve is pulled up, the wheel ribbing of the cylindrical cap sleeve engages with the outer shield's internal ribbed section and at the same position, the internal ribbed section of the cylindrical cap sleeve engages with the ribbed section of the closure cap, allowing a twisting motion of the outer shield to be transferred to the closure cap for engaging and disengaging the neck of a container or opening. The combination locking cap structure also embodies two cylinders both with numbered or lettered flanges (perforated or adhesive labels) . When superimposed the indicator on the flanges are visible, and the cylinder are equal in length, with identical voids, wherein the width is equal to the size of the bridges of the cylinder cap sleeve member. The two cylinder flanges are wedge locked top center of the outer shield in a position that superimpose and restrict the cylindrical cap sleeve from upward motion (lock position) when voids are not mutually aligned from the combination alignment displayed on the flanges and/or improper alignment of a notch on the cylindrical cap sleeve, which aligns the bridges with the voids on the cylinder flanges. Alignment is created by independently rotating the flanges and cylindrical cap sleeve; like that of a combination lock.

Brief Description of Drawing

The above and other objects, advantages and features of the invention will become more apparent when considered with the following specification and accompanying drawings wherein:

Fig. 1-A is a perspective view of a combination locking closure cap fitted on a bottle,

Fig. 1-B is a cross-sectional view of a combination locking closure cap in the lock position,

Fig. 1-C is an exploded perspective view of a combination locking closure,

Fig. 1-D is an illustration of a parcially exploded and parcially bi-sectional view of a combination locking closure in the locked postion, fitted on a bottle,

Fig. l-E is a perspective view of a combination locking closure cap in the locked position fitted on a bottle; with the outer shield bi-sectioned,

Fig. 1-F is an illustration of a parcially exploded and parcially bi-sectional view of a combination locking closure in the unlocked postion, fitted on a bottle,

Fig. 1-G is a perspective view of a combination locking closure cap in the unlocked position fitted on a bottle; with the outer shield bi-sectioned.

Detailed Description of The Invention

8 Referring now to the drawings, Fig.l-A and 1-B illustrates a bottle 19 of known type having a neck 10 with external threads 9 is engaged to a combination locking cap 2, which comprise of a closure cap member 4 constructed with internally threaded annular sleeve 8 which provides the sealing for the closure and a soft flexible disk 41 may be fitted to provide a greater seal. The closure cap 4 is configured with an up standing cylindrical stem 20 of various lengths and widths in which the lower portion may be opened for discharge of the content within closure, and the outer surface of the stem element 20 has projecting ribbing 14 like gears evenly distributed around the outer surface of the stem ( see FiG 1-C) . However the lower portion of the stem 20 has a smooth band 21. The tip of the said stem 20 may have a partially open end which has a circular disk 15 which is elevated above the rim of the stem by two or more bridges 16a, 16b which allows discharge of liquids when cap is unlock. Some application of the combination locking cap 2 would benefit by having the tip and the lower entry point 22 of the stem closed.

A cylindrical cap sleeve 3 (see FIG 1-C) is configured to fit and slide freely down the column of the closure cap stem 20. The cylindrical cap sleeve 3 having internal ribbing 17 in the lower portion, consistent with that of the closure cap stem ribbing 14 for engagement, the internal ribbing 17 length is sightly less than the smooth band 21 of the closure cap stem 20, and a wheel like element 7 that extend and connects to the cylindrical cap sleeve by at least one bridge 43a. The upper portion of the sleeve may have

a small lip 11 and/or a rough surface 12 for gripping and pulling the cylindrical cap sleeve up. The outer rim of the wheel 7 has vertical ribbing 18 distributed around the circumference of the wheel. The cylindrical cap sleeve 3 is structured wherein it is able to be positioned over the stem of the closure cap 20, whereby sealing the open end of the stem 20 when the cylindrical cap sleeve 3 superimposed against the closure cap, which will later be shown as the lock position. The closure cap 4 and cylindrical cap sleeve 3 are locked in an annular outer shield 5, whereby in the locked position spins independently relative to the closure cap 4, the outer shield 5 having an internal ribbed section 6, and a circular void 23 top center and an inverted hook flange 24, wherein the closure cap 4 and cylindrical cap sleeve 3 is secured in position by forcing the menbers through the bottom of the outer shield 5, the outer surface 25 may have shallow vertical grooves or a hexagon shape for gripping. When combination locking cap is in the unlocked position or when cylindrical cap sleeve tip 3 is pulled up as shown in Fig. l-D and l-E, the ribbing 18 on the wheel 7 engages with the outer shield internal ribbed section 6, and at the same position the internal ribbed section 17 of the cylindrical cap sleeve engages with the ribbed section 14 of the closure cap stem 20, whereby a twisting motion of the outer shield transfers torque to the closure cap for engaging and disengaging the neck 10 of a container or opening.

The combination locking cap structure also embodies two cylinder flanges 27, 28 with sequential numbers or letters 29

displayed on the upper surface or side of the flanges 30, 31, wherein, when superimposed the indicators 29 on the flanges are visible, and the cylinders are equal in length, with identical voids 32a, 32b, equal to the size and number of the bridges 43a of the cylindrical cap sleeve member 3. Each void 32a, 32b has two small projection 33a, 33b part way between the voids 32a, 32b, wherein the space 34 between projections 33a, 33b and the top of said voids is equal to the thickness of the bridge 43a of the cylindrical cap sleeve 3. The two cylinder flanges have hook flanges 35, 36 on the outer surface, with the outer most cylinder flange 27 having a internal groove 37 whereby the thinner cylinder flange 28 lock in the superimposed position and both wedge lock top center 23 of the outer shield 5 in a position that superimpose and restrict the cylindrical cap sleeve 3 from upward motion (locked position) when voids on the cylinder flanges 27, 28 and bridge 43a are not aligned as shown in Fig. 1-F and 1-G.

Refering now to Fig. 1-D and l-E, it will be appreciated that the sequential numbers or letters 29 displayed on the flanges 30, 31 may be perforated or circular adhesive labeled 38a, 38b, which are provided so that a person aware of the appropriate combination may bring the voids of the cylinder flanges 32a, 32b co-aligned with the bridge 43 of the cylindrical cap sleeve as best illustrated in Fig. 1-D; allowing the upward travel of the cylindrical cap sleeve 3 when its tip is pulled, where the combination cap 2 is actuated to the unlock position and held in place by the projections 33a, 33b between the voids 32 of the

cylinder flanges. When in the unlock position the tip 13 is open for dischraging liquid and the ribbing 6 of the outer shield 5 engages the ribbing 18 of the wheel element 7, providing a mean to transfer torque from the outer shield 5 to the closure cap 4 via the internal ribbing 17 of the cylindrical cap sleeve 3. Now refering to Fig. 1-F and 1-G, the lock position can be obtain by simply pressing down on the tip of the cylindrical sleeve cap 3 and twisting the flanges 27, 28, (more cylinder flanges may be utilize to increase the number of different combination alternatives) wherein the combination locking cap 2 can not engage or disengage a threaded container or opening, since there is no means to twist the closure cap's 4 thread. To assist in the twisting action of the flanges, small grooves 40 may by place on the surface of the flanges 27, 28. Note that when the adhesive label option is applied, the combination may by tailored by the alignment of the labels 38a, 38b in conjunction with the notch 39 on the cylindrical sleeve.

Operation - Figs 1-A

The manner of using the combination locking cap to seal a threaded opening or container are clearly described in the description of invention section above. However, to reinforce how effective and simple this invention is, the following list illustrates the operation in steps:

(a) a person aware of the combination may arrange the marked flanges 30, 31 and the notch 39 on sleeve member by twisting each member.

(b) when proper combination is set, the sleeve member 3 can be pulled up. This actuates the internal gearing elements, whereby cap is in the unlocked position.

(c) when in the unlocked position, the cap is unsealed at the top for discharging liquid, and cap can be removed by twisting the outer shield 5.

(d) to lock cap, simply press down on tip of sleeve member 3 (sealing the top) and arrange the flanges to off set proper alignment.

(e) when in the locked position, outer shield 5, spins independently when torque is applied, whereby cap will not engage or disengage a container or threaded opening, and tip remain sealed.

While I have shown and describe preferred embodiments of the invention, it will be appreciated that numerous modifications and adaptations of the invention will be obvious to those skilled in the art and it is intended to encompass such other modifications as come within the spirit and scope of the claims appended hereto.