COMPRESSOR

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Serial Number 60/765,162, filed on. February 6, 2006. Which is incorporated herein for reference. The present invention is directed to compression apparatus for air or gas. More particularly, the disclosed device provides a compressor with a very high compression efficiency in relation to energy expended for its operation. This increased efficiency is provided through employment of a compression apparatus employing equal, opposite and coliinear forces actaig on opposite face of a rotating discs engaged to a polygonal frame formed of individual linear segments. The unique arrangement of the polygonal frame and discs and collapsible bellows is utilized to impart compression on large volume of air or gas with minimal energy spent on the mechanical requirements for that compression. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In general, all prior art compressors compress gaseous Matter by applying forces that are either normal to . or at angle and to, the direction of compression. A large amount of energy is necessary to generate the mechanical force required by conventional prior art compressors which take air or gas at atmospheric pressures and store it under higher pressures in the reduced confines of a reservoir tank. The high energy requirements of motors used to drive these prior art compressors draw more energy from conventional energy sources.

In general, conventional compressors employ many engaged parts resulting in increased dynamic friction over the increased number of engaged surfaces which of course results Ia increased energy losses from junctional engagement. This energy

consumption for factional parts engagement is aside from the actual energy expended to mechanically compress the gaseous matter itself

Another disadvantage of prior art compressors is flie ever present sliding contact between compressor parts such as piston and piston rings to cylinder walls, g varies to compressor housing. These and other types of sliding contacts result in a significant source of dynamic friction and resulting heal Lubrication between parts in sliding contacts is constant requirement in flies e conventional compressors to protect the continuously friction-heated parts from premature wear and tear.

Aαo&e? very important cotiaderafioa concerning the operating parts of

«jø conventionally employed compressors is the requirement that operating parts must be machined to extremely close tolerances and the surfaces of the parts be made and maintained to a high degree of finish in order to prevent compression losses. This results in extra costs in time and materials duiing manufacture

The disclose device herein, overcomes the shorteoϊniigs of prior ait aad

■|5 provides a compressor for compressing air or any gaseous matter that is efficient to operate and easily manufactured. These beiefits are provided by employing an entirely new method of compressing gaseous matter. It is an established engineering principle that when forces are equal, opposite, and collinear, no resultant moment is ptodiic-aά at aαy point si space. The apparatus herein described sad disclosed, utilizes

20 Ms engineering principle in a new/ and novel fashion to provide for the compression of large volumes of gaseous matter with an efficiency far exceeding that of any prior art compressor. Consequently ,, a unique and efficient apparatus for air compression is provided which has great efficiency. This is provided by employing equal, eolfinetr, and opposite forces acting oa opposite faces of a rotating wheel or disc, aad

with Ih e forces having no relative movement with the wheel, producing such efficient compression.

With respect to fiie above description, before explaining at least one preferred embodiment of the invention in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to flie details of construction and to the arrangmienr of the components or steps set forth in the following description or illustration in the drawings. The various apparatus and method of me invention are capable of other embodiments and of being practiced and carried out ϊa various ways which will be obvious to those skilled in Hie ait once they review this disclosure. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employ ed herein, are tor the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting.

Therefore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the conception upon -which this disclosure is based may readify be utilized as a basis for designing ofoiier devices, methods and systems for carrying out the several purposes of the present compression machine. It is important, therefore, that the objects and claims be regarded as including such equivalent construction and methodology in so far as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the presort iπvsitϊon.

FmHiGi' objectives of this invention will be brought out ki flie foUowaig pait of the specification wherein detailed description is for the purpose of fully disclosing the invention without plac ing limitations thereon.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The device as herein described and disclosed, employs a unique indirect means to compress air or gaseous matter inside a hollow bellowed member. A frame having a segmented polygonal

shape providing rotational engagement with circular planar members and the bellowed mernbeis, provides means to compress air or gaseous matter taking advantage of the principle that where forces are equal collinear, md are acting ia opposite directions, they will not produce a resultant moment at any point in space. Consequently, the hollow, bellowed and collapsible members, rotaiionally engaged around the segmented polygonal frame, are compressed starting at a widest point in their rotation around the segments of the polygonal frame and ending in ttie narrowest point of iheir rotation around the segments of fee frame. The resulting plurality of rotationaUy engaged hollowed collapsible bellows, in an operative sealed angled engagement to adjacent circular planar members, produces large volume of compressed gaseous matter at a relatively high pressure.

The above noted indirect compression is attained by the employ ment of ckcnhr members ccalrally eigaged iφon each linear segment or leg forming the polygonal irarne. The individual segments forming fratne, are engaged to adjacent segments using a U-joint or constant velocity joint or similar means for rotating angled engagement, to form a polygonal frame with a generally circular shape. The individual segments engaged to the circular members, the collapsible hollowed bellows engaged to the circular planar members, and all other components such as discharge pro ing, will all rotate at me same speed. A plurality of collapsible hoihwed bellows are In a sealed engagement between each pair of circular planar members and each bellows are engaged at the same fixed distance from the ^" linear segments where it rotates. The circular planar members are eigaged at a central portion of the individual linear segments normal to the axis of individual linear segments. The polygonal shape of the feme, provided by the individual segments, causes the opposing side portions of each pair of planar

members outside tie circumscribed area of the polygonal frame to be spaced a larger distance from each other than the respective opposite side portions rotating inside the ckcumscάhed area of the frame. "The result is a plurality of narrowing distances or paths between each pair of planar circular members as they rotate from outside the circumscribed area of the polygonal frame toward the inside of the circumscribed area. and _f a plurality of widening distances as they rotate lroffi the inside of the circumscribed area of me frame to the outside.

ωwing rotation of the collapsible, hollowed bellows engaged adjacent to the circumference of the circular planar members, arid in sealed engagement between each pair of circular planar members engaged to segments forming the polygonal frame, each of the hollowed bellows is compressed to a collapsed position following the path formed between each pair of circular planar members as they rotate from the outside of the ckεumsεήbeά area of the polygonal frame toward the εirevmscrϊoeά area of Ui e frame. Each of the plurality of collapsible, hollowed members is engaged between each pair of circular planar members to positions wherein all the collapsible members ate aligned ^wSh respective adjacent collapsible members engaged to adjacent pair of circular planar members. On all such sealed engagement of the collapsible members to the circular members, each collapsible member is substantially equidistant from the preceding and subsequent collapsible member in like engagement

The result is a plurality of collapsible members in a circular engagement around each individual segment of the polygonal frame, located a fised distance ftosa each other on the plurality of paired circular members. As noted, all of the linear segments members forming the polygonal frame, are engaged to adjacent segment members m the frame, using means for rotational angled engagement of the distal ends of the

segments to adjacent segment distal ends, such as a universal or constant velocity joints. Consequently, ail components rotate around the segments forming the irame at &e rotation speed of the segments.

The collapsible, hollowed, bellowed raernbers rotating with, and in sealed engagement with each pair of circular planar members rotate from the widest point to the narrowest point between each pair of circular members. As the circular members rotate around each respective individual segment of She frame, me collapsible members engaged to the circular members follows the alternating narrowing aad widening gap between adjacent points of adjacent circular members. This alternating narrowing and widening gap between points on adjacent circular members will cause the collapsible members to follow this alternating event

The narrowing path or gap between the rotating circular members will thereby compress the collapsible members and cause my gaseous matter inside fee collapsible members to be compressed together with the collapsible member. It is to be noted too, that any force due to gas pressure developed inside the collapsible member on opposite planar sides of the circular members will cancel out each other as the force developed by the gaseoυs pressure is acting on normal to faces of the circular member.

Power for the apparatus, while reduced considerably for tie woik accomplished., would be provided by conventional motors or engines such as an electric motor. Mechanical means for engagement to the circular members, to the motor, will thereby provide means to rotate all me circular membeis at me speed deiermkied hγ the motor rotation communicated. Such mechanical engagement cm be a chain and sprocket arrangement or a direct gear drive on the circumf ereαce of the circular member or a belt driving devices engaged to the circumference of the circular

members. The rotation thereby communicated to all circular members and linear segmmte of tiie frame will rotate all of the circular members and compress and decompress fee bellowed members to compress and intake air or gas during operation.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and

5 method to compress gaseous matter by taking advantage offeree cancellation,, to gain compression efficiency.

It is a further object of mis invention to use a unique configuration of polygonal frame and compression components rotating in a circular mgag&τi mτ, to eliminate or minimize energy loss due from friction of communicating parts in a compressors. 10 An additional object of Ms invention is flie provision of a gas compression apparatus which is easy to develop, construct, maintain and operate.

Yet another object of this invention is the provision of a compressor which operates at lower temperatures due to less fiictiosal part engagement

A still further object of this invention is the provision of a compressor that is -[§ easily maintained even in dirty or wet environments that would disable conventional compressors.

These together with other objects and advantages which become subsequently apparent reside in the details of the construction and operation of the invention as more fiilly hereinafter described and claimed, reference being had to the 20 accompanying drawings forming a part thereof, wherein like numerate refer to like parts throughout

BSIEF BESCKIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figure 1 depicts a top plan view of the device.

Figure 2 depicts a view of the device showing the circular planar members.

Figure 3 depicts a perspective view of the device.

Figure 4 depicts an enlarged view of the plenum engagement to the rotating shaft of the device.

Figures depicts a more detailed view of the plenum and exhaust flow channels.

Figure 6 shows the sealed engagement at the collection conduit Figure 7 depicts the operation of the rollers to translate the intake and exhaust valves during rotation of lheplanar members.

Figure 8 shows a cut away view of Si e typical engagement of ftie exhaust valve stems relative to the discharge port.

Figure 9 depicts the timing of opening aαd closing of the valves during rotation of the planar members.

Figure 10 shows the relative locations and timing of operative and non-operative engagement of intake and discharge rollers during operation of the device.

Figure U is a graphical representation of the angles and dimension involved between the circular members when operatively engaged at a central portion of the individual segments

Figure 12 shows methods of imparting rotational motion to the circular member and to the apparatus as a whole.

DETAILED BES CRIPTIOJJ OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

Referring now to the drawings % 1 — 12, wherein simαax pajfs are identified by like reference numerals, there is seen in Figures I, 2 and 3 a top view and perspective view showing the operational engagement between the polygonal frame 14 _? the circular planar member 26, and the collapsible, hollowed and bellowed meribers 17.

The frame 14 is polygonal shape having a generally circular or annular appearance and is formed of individual linear segment 22. The individual segment22 which form the fame 14, are engaged to adjaceit segment 22 to foim the polygonal fame using means for rotational engagement such as a constant velocity joint or a universal joint 24. The segment 22 so engaged are adapted for rotational engagement upon a plurality of vortical risers 31 which will be employed to operatively maintain the device above the ground or mounting surfaces upon which it rests during operation. A hearing 34 or similar means for supported rotational engagement provides means for engagement of the linear segment 22 to the vertical riser 31 supporting ttie frame. The bearing 34 can be adapted to engage ahub in a "H" shaped embodiment of the circular member 26 which is formed in Hi e space ertendϊig from the circumference of the two sides of the circular member 26 to the hub. Or using a larger bearing 34 an engagement with me circumference of the circular members 26 could provide the rotational engagement or such rotational engagement can be provided by other means for rotational elevated engagement as would occur to those skilled in the art.

At a center section of each segment 22 is engaged one of a plurality of two- sided circular planar number 26 each being at aa angle nomial to flie axis of its respective engaged segment 22. As can be seen in Figures 1, 2, and 3, the polygonal shape provided by the individual segment 22 forms an angled passage 28 between each pair of circular members 26. "This angled passage 28 is wider outside the circumscribed area of tiie frame i4 and narrower inside the circumscribed area of the frame 14.

Each of the two-sided circular members 26 being engaged to a central position of each segment 22 causes the circular member 26 to rotate at uie same angular speed as the segm eat 22 to which it is engaged. As noted, the segments 22 forming the polygonal frame 14 are linked at their distal ends to adjacent segments 22 and all rotate at substantially the same angular speed in unison. This results to a like rotation at an equal angular speed of ell of the engaged circular membeis 26.

Power to rotate the circular member 26 and engaged components would be provided by means for powered rotation such as an engine or electric motor. Means for connection to a motor maybe provided by a chain or belt or direct gear drive or other means to communicate rotational power from lie motor or engine to the circular member 26. One manner shown depicts a chain engaged along the cirσαmference of the two-sided circular member 26. Those skilled in fee art wM realize other means to communicate rotational power to the device may be provided and such are anticipated.

In Figures 7 and 9, spaced from the face of the circular member 26 opposite the face Where collapsible member 17 are engaged, and ϊocλed in the space or gap in between the two-sided circular member 26, are intake rail guide 51 and discharge rail guide 52 which are operativery mounted on the vertical riser 31 or some other means for such mounting. Intake guide rail 51 and discharge guide rail 52 are positioned at a pre-determined spacing from flie inner faces of the two sided circular member 26. This pre-determined spacing from ftie inner faces of circular member 26 will provide proper timed translation of the valve stems 57 and 58 for opening flie intake and discharge valves 53 and 54 respectively.

In Figure 7, as the circular member 26 rotates around the linear segment 22, rollers 55 at the tad ofintakevalvestem 57 and at the aid ofdischarge valve stem 58 _? which are both rotating logeflier with circular member, will alternately be on operative and non-op erative engagement with intake rail guide 51 and discharge rail guide 52 respectively. Means to provide smooth transition to and fiom operative and non-operative and non-operative engagement of roller 55 to rail guide 51 and 52 will be provided such as slanted rail portion before and after roller 55 engagement to rail 51 and 52.

Figures 9 and 10 show the relative locations and timing of operative and non- operative engagαnent of intake and discharge rollers 55 with intake rail guide 51 and discharge rail guide 52 with respect to the horizontal line, that is, 0-180 degree line. As the roller 55 on the end of valve stem 57 and 58 comes Mo operative mgagemmt with guide rails 51 and 52, valve stem 57 and 58 is translated inside the collapsible, hollowed and bellowed member 17 causing the intake valve 53 and discharge valve 54 to open according to its respective opening timing. As the intake valve opens and remains open, gaseous matter mterϊhe inside of member 17 through intake passage 79, thereafter the intake valve closes as roller 55 on intake valve stem causes to be m operative mounting Io guide rails 51. As long as flie intake valve 53 is open, the discharge valve 54 remains in a closed position. With roller 55 en both intake and discharge valve stem in non- operative engagβnent to rails 51 and 52 respectively, the gaseous matter as well as me walls of member 17 are compressed as the circular member 17 rotates around the axis of segmmτ 22. This compression takes mechanical advantage and increased efficiency provided by the narrowing passageway as the circular member rotates from the outside of circumference of the frame to the inside of circumference of the frame.

and Hie fact that where forces are equal, opposite, and colliαear no moment is produced at any point in space.

As the roller 55 on the βid of discharge valve stem is in operative engagement to guide rail 52, the discharge valve stem 58 is translated into the inside of member 17 causing ifae discharge vaive to open according to its respective opening timing. As long as the discharge valve 54 is open,, the intake valve is in close position. The return spring 56 on both intake and discharge valve mechanism closes both valves whβi roller 56 of both valve mechanism is in non-opemiive aigagement to rail guides 51 and 52 respectively. Other means for biasing the valves to the closed position can be employed and are anticipated.

Of course those skilled in the art, will realizes that other means for the timed opening and closing of the intake valve 53 and discharge vafae 54 may be employed io opβ-atively opm and close feem during rotation of fee circular πiembα: 26. All other means for such timed opening and closing of the respective intake and discharge valves of each bellowed member during rotation of the circular member 26 as would occur to those skilled in the art are consequently anticipated in the scope of this invention.

Employing the rotating circular member 26 engaged to the linear member 22 comprising frame 14 to compress the bellowed mαnbers and using the aforementioned timed opening and closing of the valves, in operation as a compressor, the discharge valve 54, when opened by its translating valve stem will be in sealed communication wifli exhaust port 74, shown in figures 4, 5 and 6, which is cGsanHisϊcated to plenum 75 engaged to the shaft of member through conduit 73. The plenum 75, is in sealed communication while rotating, using means for an annular seal such as O-rings 81 with a collection conduit 78. All of the collection

conduits 78 from all of the plenums 75 are in sealed communication through conduits 77 communicating with a reservoir tank 60,

Air ingress back into the interior of the members 17 is provided when the intake vakre 53 is opened by translation of its valve stem 57 activated by the mils engaged roller 55 at Jiie appropriate time and for the appropriate duration. While opened by the translated valve stem 57, air is communicated back into Iiemember 17 fiom fiie intake port 79 through me intake valve 53 during me timing and duration of air iatake as shown in figure 10.

During operation, each individual purge of air under pressure through the discharge valve 54 of each of the plurality of members 17 in the system, is communicated in its sealed communication to the reservoir 60 witti the result being the reservoir 60 rapidly collects large volumes of pressurized air from the many members 17 In the system prøwiiig air bursts to it dating ineir discharge. Because of the aforementioned advantages of the system from the unique angled circular members providing the means to compress the members 17. a very efficient air compressor is provided when engaged to a means for powered rotation of the member 2G.

The method and components shown m the drawings and described m detail herein disclose arrangements of elements of particular construction, and configuration for illustrating preferred embodiments of structure of the present compressor invention. 1 is to be understood, however, that elements of different construction and configuration, and using differeαt steps and process procedures, and other airm.gemm.te thereof, other man those illustrated mid described, may be employ ed for piovidiiig a buoy ancy engine system in accordance with the spirit of this invention.