TECHNICAL FIELD

Embodiments herein relate to a device and method therein. In particular, they relate to how to coordinate operation of a wireless communication unit and a radar unit comprised in the device in a wireless communication network. BACKGROUND

Low power, low cost radar sensors have been developed and may be used in a number of new devices, such as cars for parking help, autonomous lawn-movers or vacuum cleaners to detect living objects in front of the lawn-movers or vacuum cleaners etc. Usually, 61 GHz Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band is used for such radar applications and allows for highly accurate distance measurements up to distances of tens of meters.

A mobile device such as a smartphone is an example of a device comprising multiple sensors, e.g., camera, microphone, radio antennae and Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers. Future smartphones or mobile devices may additionally be equipped with, e.g., radar sensors, allowing accurate measurements over a short range, up to a couple of meters. Such radar sensor may or may not be combined with a communications unit such that the unit may be used both for wireless communications and radar applications, since both may operate in the same frequency range, and are composed of similar building blocks. Hence, smart mobile phones make for interesting platforms for sensor fusion applications.

In a device including both a wireless communication unit (WRU) and a radar unit, the wireless communication unit and radar unit may interfere with each other, if they are simultaneously transmitting and receiving. This may distort a distance measurement made by the radar unit as well as a communication attempt made by the WRU.

SUMMARY It is therefore an object of embodiments herein to provide a device and method therein for coordinating operation of a wireless communication unit and a radar unit.

According to one aspect of embodiments herein, the object is achieved by a device comprising at least one radar unit configured to transmit radar pulses on a first frequency range and a wireless communication unit configured to operating on a second frequency range. The at least one radar unit comprises a radar transceiver and a radar signal processing unit. The radar unit is configured to obtain information about interference situation on the first frequency range. If the interference situation fulfils a condition, the radar unit is configured to transmit at least one radar pulse based on the obtained interference situation and receive at least one radar pulse response associated to reflections of the at least one transmitted radar pulse. The radar unit is further configured to determine at least one measurement result based on the transmitted and received radar pulse.

According to one aspect of embodiments herein, the object is achieved by a method performed in a device comprising at least one radar unit configured to transmit radar pulses on a first frequency range and a wireless communication unit configured to operating on a second frequency range. The at least one radar unit comprises a radar transceiver and a radar signal processing unit. The radar unit obtains information about interference situation on the first frequency range. If the interference situation fulfils a condition, the radar unit transmits at least one radar pulse based on the obtained interference situation and receives at least one radar pulse response associated to reflections of the at least one transmitted radar pulse. The radar unit determines at least one measurement result based on the transmitted and received radar pulse.

The device and method therein according to the embodiments herein enable a radar unit to detect interference and thereby to mitigate the interference or reduce risk of both being exposed to and causing interference. The radar unit obtains information about the interference situation in a frequency range corresponding to a frequency range used for radar pulse transmission. The information about the interference situation may be obtained from the wireless communication unit in the device or determined by the radar unit, for instance using a listen before talk procedure. Making the radar unit aware of communications of the wireless communication unit, the radar unit can determine when to perform a radar transmission for a measurement. In this way, the risk for interference with each other between the wireless communication unit and radar unit is reduced. Further, taking interference situation into consideration when determining a measurement result improves the accuracy of the measurement, and hence more reliable radar

measurements are achieved.

Therefore, the embodiments herein provide a device and method therein for coordinating operation of a wireless communication unit and a radar unit.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Examples of embodiments herein are described in more detail with reference to attached drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a device according to embodiments herein; and

Figure 2 is a flow chart illustrating a method performed in a device according to

embodiments herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Figure 1 depicts a block diagram of a device or apparatus 100 according to embodiments herein. The device 100 comprises at least one radar unit 110, a wireless communication unit (WRU) 120 and a control unit 130. The control unit 130 enables communication between the radar unit 1 10 and WRU 120. The WRU 120 comprises a transceiver Tx/Rx 122 and a processing unit 124 processing received and transmitted signals. The radar unit 1 10 also comprises a transceiver Tx/Rx 112 and a processing unit 114 processing transmitted and received radar pulses to obtain measurement results. The device 100 may be any kind of devices comprising both radar sensor and wireless communication unit such as vehicles, smartphones, modems, laptops, tablets, wearable devices, Internet of Things (loT) devices, eHealth devices, such as wireless heart or breath monitors etc.

The radar unit 1 10 is configured to transmit radar pulses on a first frequency range. The WRU 120 is configured to operating on a second frequency range. The second frequency range may in some embodiment partly overlap with the first frequency range while in other embodiments it will not overlap. The first frequency range may be a frequency band or a set of frequency bands, a system bandwidth or a bandwidth part, i.e. a part of a system bandwidth. For example, the first frequency range may be any one the ISM frequency bands such as 2.5 GHz, 6 GHz, 5GHz, 24GHz, 61 GHz.

According to the embodiments herein, in order to coordinate the operation of the radar unit 1 10 and the WRU 120 in device 100, the radar unit 1 10 is configured to obtain information about interference situation on the first frequency range.

The information about the interference situation may be obtained in a number of ways. According some embodiments herein, the radar unit 1 10 may receive the information about interference situation from the WRU 120 through e.g. the control unit 130.

The WRU 120 may determine possible interference using a listen-before-talk (LBT) procedure. In a LBT procedure, the WRU 120 may measure the interference situation during a configured or pre-defined time period in at least a subset or a part of the first frequency range. The interference situation is typically measured as a received signal strength level and represented by a Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) parameter. The RSSI may typically be compared to a threshold. An RSSI above that threshold may imply an ongoing transmission and reception in the WRU 120, and hence no radar pulse should be transmitted. This is because if the WRU 120 is receiving data packet from elsewhere and all of a sudden a radar pulse is transmitted, it is very likely that the data packet will be lost. The RSSI information may be sent to the radar unit 1 10 via the control unit 130. .

In another embodiment, the interference situation on the first frequency range is determined based on a current ongoing transmission in the WRU 120 in the second frequency range. In case the second frequency range does not at least partly overlap with the first frequency range, the interference situation in the first frequency range may be determined based on estimates or mathematical modeling of possible harmonics, intermodulation products, spurious emissions that may be generated in the first frequency range due to non-linearity in the transmitter of the WRU 120. The determination of the interference from the second frequency range to the first frequency range may be performed by the WRU 120, the control unit 130, or the radar unit 1 10.

The interference situation may for instance be determined based on received signal strength in at least a part of or a subset of the first frequency range. In one embodiment, the direction of the received signal may be used when assessing the LBT such that the LBT is focused in the direction in which the radar measurement will take place. Alternatively, direction information may be included in the information used for determining the interference situation.

So according to some embodiments herein, the radar unit 1 10 may be configured to perform an LBT procedure in the first frequency range or in at least a subset of the frequency range to obtain the information on interference situation on the first frequency range. The LBT procedure may be performed in a direction in which a radar measurement takes place.

The radar unit 1 10 then is configured to determine, e.g. by means of the processing unit 1 14 being configured to, whether the interference situation fulfils a condition. The condition may be a pre-configured or determined criterion or requirement, such as“is interference level lower than...?” or“is a communications activity ongoing?”. The condition may be determined from LBT related requirements for the first frequency range. For example, the radar unit performs LBT to check if there is a communications activity ongoing in the first frequency range. In other embodiments the condition may be determined based on receiver performance of the radar unit, such as a sensitivity level of its receiver. For example, if the sensitivity level of the radar receiver is high, the allowed interference level should be lower.

If the interference situation fulfills the condition, the radar unit 1 10 is further configured to, e.g. by means of the transceiver Tx/Rx 1 12 being configured to, transmit at least one radar pulse based on the obtained interference situation. The at least one radar pulse may be transmitted without any modification.

In some embodiments, the at least one radar pulse may be modified based on the obtained interference situation. For example, if a frequency range in the first frequency range or a subset of the first frequency range is interfered, the radar pulse may be modified such that no energy or reduced energy is emitted in the interfered frequency ranges. This may be performed by some kind of filtering of the radar pulse. For instance, if fast Fourier transform (FFT) based radar pulse generation is used, the sub-carriers corresponding to the interfered frequency range may be nulled and corresponding energy may be applied on non-interfered frequency ranges. If the radar pulse is a pulse with particular good correlation properties, e.g., a Chirp signal Zadoff-Chu sequence, m- sequence or a Gold sequence, these pulses may be either punctured or filtered out in the interfered frequency range, or two separate pulse sequences may be formed, such that one sequence is used below the interfering frequency range and another is used above the interfering frequency range. Alternatively, only one of the frequency ranges either below or above the interfered frequency range may be used, typically the largest one. The corresponding modifications may then be done in the radar receiver.

So according to some embodiments herein, when a frequency range in the first frequency range is interfered, the at least one radar pulse may be modified such that two separate pulse sequences are formed, one pulse sequence used below the interfered frequency range and another used above the interfered frequency range. The radar pulse may be modified such that only one of the frequency ranges either below or above the interfered frequency range is used.

According to some embodiments herein, the at least one radar pulse may be modified such that a signal strength of the radar pulse is below a certain power level based on the received interference level.

According to some embodiments herein, the at least one radar pulse may be modified such that the radar pulse is transmitted in a certain direction based on the direction of the received interference.

The transmission of radar pulse may in some embodiments be less than or as long as the LBT procedure allows transmission, i.e. how long the radar transmission is allowed to be for a given LBT procedure defined by a standard pre-defined rule for the first frequency range. Dwell times depend on which ISM band is used. For example, 24 GHz band has 4 ps every 3 ms. The radar unit 1 10 may be configured to perform further radar transmissions within a valid transmission duration determined based on at least a subset of the first frequency range.

The radar unit 1 10 is further configured to receive at least one radar pulse response associated to reflections of the at least one transmitted radar pulse and determine at least one measurement result based on the transmitted and received radar pulse.

According to some embodiments herein, the measurement result may be adapted, adjusted or manipulated based on the obtained interference situation. For instance, the measurement result may be adjusted by a scaling or a bias factor for taking into account a possible interference from another transmission unit such as the WRU 120. This scaling or bias factor may be included in the measurement result itself or in a variance estimate of the measurement. The scaling or bias factor may be a function of any one of:

a. interference level in at least a part of the first frequency range;

b. power spectral density distribution of the interference in at least a part of the first frequency range; c. direction of the interference.

One way to adapt the measurement result may be to scale based on RSSI level.

For instance, if some pulses are interfered more than others, then when doing some average over the measurements, one may scale measurement samples with e.g. a factor of a=0.5, for pulses affected by an interference larger than a threshold, otherwise set scaling factor a=1.

For example, assume a received signal is r _t = + n _{i t} wherein is received signal and ri _j is the noise, and if one averages measurement results, then r ² = s + RSSI, where n = RSSI, hence it can be seen a bias factor may be set proportional to RSSI. So when doing average over the measurements, one way may be to set the bias factor to approximate 0 if an RSSI is smaller than a threshold, otherwise set the bias factor to RSSI.

So according to some embodiments herein, individual measurement results, e.g. distances may be weighted differently with a factor depending on RSSI level.

Example of embodiments of a method performed in a device 100 for coordinating operation of a radar unit 1 10 and a WRU 120 comprised in the device 100 will now be described with reference to Figure 2. The method comprises the following actions.

Action 210

The radar unit 1 10 obtains information about interference situation on the first frequency range.

According to some embodiments herein, the radar unit 1 10 is configured to receive information about the interference situation from the wireless communication unit 120.

The interference situation on the first frequency range may be determined based on a transmission performed by the wireless communication unit 120 in a second frequency range. The interference situation on the first frequency range may be determined based on estimates or mathematical modeling of harmonics, intermodulation products, spurious emissions generated in the first frequency range due to non-linearity in a transmitter of the wireless communication unit 120 transmitting signals in the second frequency range.

The interference situation on the first frequency range may be determined based on direction information in which a radar measurement takes place.

The interference situation on the first frequency range may be determined based on direction information in which the wireless communication unit 120 transmissions take place.

According to some embodiments herein, the radar unit 1 10 performs an LBT procedure in at least a part of the first frequency range to obtain information about the interference situation on the first frequency range. The LBT procedure may be performed in a direction in which a radar measurement takes place.

The interference situation may be determined based on a received signal strength within at least a subset of the first frequency range.

Action 220

If the interference situation fulfills a condition, the radar unit 1 10 transmits at least one radar pulse based on the obtained interference situation.

The condition may be determined based on a listen-before-talk, LBT, related requirement for the first frequency range.

The condition may be determined based on receiving performance of the radar sensor unit.

The at least one radar pulse may be modified based on the obtained interference situation as described in the following:

When a frequency range in the first frequency range is interfered, the radar pulse may be modified such that no energy or reduced energy is emitted in the interfered frequency range.

When a frequency range in the first frequency range is interfered, the radar pulse may be modified such that two separate pulse sequences are formed, one pulse sequence is used below the interfered frequency range and another is used above the interfered frequency range.

When a frequency range in the first frequency range is interfered, the radar pulse may be modified such that only one of the frequency ranges below or above the interfered frequency range is used.

The at least one radar pulse may be modified such that a signal strength of the radar pulse is below a certain power level.

The at least one radar pulse may be modified such that the radar pulse is transmitted in a certain direction.

Action 230

The radar unit 1 10 receives at least one radar pulse response associated to reflections of the at least one transmitted radar pulse.

Action 240

The radar unit 1 10 determines at least one measurement result based on the transmitted and received radar pulse and taking the interference situation into account.

According to some embodiments herein, the radar unit 1 10 may further perform the following actions. Action 250

The radar unit 1 10 may adjust the measurement result based on the obtained interference situation. The measurement result may be adjusted by a scaling or a bias factor.

To summarize, the device 100 and method therein according to the embodiments herein enable a radar unit 1 10 to detect interference and thereby to mitigate the interference or reduce risk of being interfered and causing inference. The radar unit 1 10 obtains information about the interference situation in a frequency range corresponding to a frequency range used for radar pulse transmission. The information about the interference situation may be obtained from the wireless communication unit 120 comprised in the device 100 or determined by the radar unit itself, for instance using a listen before talk procedure. Making the radar unit 1 10 aware of communications of the wireless communication unit 120, the radar unit 1 10 can determine when to perform radar transmission for a measurement. In this way, the risk for interference with each other between the wireless communication unit 120 and radar unit 1 10 is reduced. Further, taking interference situation into consideration when determining a measurement result improves the accuracy of the measurement, and hence more reliable radar

measurements are achieved. By modifying any one of the signal strength, transmitting direction and frequency range of the radar pulse based on the obtained interference situation, interference from the radar unit 1 10 to the other communication unit 120 may be reduced and the measurement accuracy may be improved further. Furthermore communication performance of the wireless communication unit 120 may be improved since the radar unit will not transmit when the wireless communication unit 120 is active.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the control unit 130, the processing unit 1 14 in the radar unit 1 10, the processing unit 124 in the communication unit 124 described above in the device 100 may be referred to one circuit/unit, a combination of analog and digital circuits, one or more processors configured with software and/or firmware and/or any other digital hardware performing the function of each circuit/unit. The device 100 may comprises other circuit/units, such as one or more memory units 140 and may be arranged to be used to store received information, measurements, data, configurations and applications to perform the method herein when being executed in the device 100. The embodiments herein for coordinating operation of the radar unit 1 10 and the communication unit 120 may be implemented through one or more processors, such as the processing unit 1 14, 124 or the control unit 130 in the device 100 together with computer program code for performing the functions and actions of the embodiments herein. The program code mentioned above may also be provided as a computer program product, for instance in the form of a data carrier 150 carrying computer program code 152, as shown in Figure 1 , for performing the embodiments herein when being loaded into the device 100. One such carrier may be in the form of a CD ROM disc. It is however feasible with other data carriers such as a memory stick. The computer program code may furthermore be provided as pure program code on a server or a cloud and downloaded to the device 100.

When using the word "comprise" or“comprising” it shall be interpreted as nonlimiting, i.e. meaning "consist at least of".

The embodiments herein are not limited to the above described preferred embodiments. Various alternatives, modifications and equivalents may be used.

Therefore, the above embodiments should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.