TECHNICAL FIELD

This invention relates to fluid dispensing apparatuses. In particular, though not exclusively, this invention relates to a cradle for holding a spherical ball when in use, the cradle being used in an apparatus for dispensing a fluid; a lid for use in an apparatus for dispensing a fluid; and an apparatus for dispensing a fluid.

BACKGROUND

Roller ball technology is well-known in the art and has revolutionised many industries with a smooth flow of fluids. Examples of such technology is found in the healthcare industry where ointments are available in such roll-on applicator packaging, in the stationary industry for ballpoint pens and limiting mess created by fountain pens, and even in cosmetic industry by allowing creams and oils to be available in convenient roll-on applicators.

Although such rotatory action is extremely helpful for commercial industrialisation, it also enhances usability for customers. However, such roller ball technology has a long-standing disadvantage. When such a product having the roller ball technology is shaken or moved (for example during travel), the roller ball may move along with gravity, leading to leakages. Generally, even when a lid is tightly closed, the fluid may spill within the lid, leading to undue wastage of the fluid and creating a mess.

Therefore, in light of the foregoing discussion, there exists a need to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks associated with regulating flow of fluids in roller ball technology. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a cradle for holding a spherical ball when in use, the cradle being used in an apparatus for dispensing a fluid, the cradle comprising a body having a first portion and a second portion, wherein the first portion and the second portion are joint with each other at a first end of the body and separate from each other at a second end of the body; wherein the first portion has a hollow hemispherical shape that defines a cavity, the first portion comprising a first part and a second part that are separated from each other by a ridge, the first part extends between the first end and the ridge whereas the second part extends between the ridge and the second end, wherein the second part has an opening and a plurality of gaps extending from the opening; wherein the second portion at least partially covers the first portion, the second portion having a first diameter at the first end and a second diameter at the second end, wherein the first diameter is smaller than the second diameter; and wherein when in use, the spherical ball fits within the cavity of the first portion.

Throughout the present disclosure, the term "cradle" refers to a mechanism which snugly (and/or firmly) holds a spherical ball, such that the ball is movable about the cradle. Herein, the movement of the spherical ball about the cradle is at least one of: a rotational movement, a translational movement. With respect to the rotational movement, the spherical ball rotates about the cradle akin to a roller-ball mechanism to dispense the fluid onto a surface. With respect to the translational movement, the spherical ball may be pushed downward inside the cradle or may move upwards for dispensing the fluid. It will be appreciated that the movement of the spherical ball about the cradle is substantially the rotational movement. It will be appreciated that the cradle is used in an apparatus to dispense the fluid, wherein the fluid coats the spherical ball and is dispensed onto a surface when the spherical ball is moved.

Notably, the second portion of the cradle has a symmetrical curvature to accommodate the spherical ball. This means that the cradle may not be symmetrical elsewhere. A preferred shape of the cradle is illustrated in Figures 1A and IB. It will be appreciated that the second part of the second portion may be shaped as three curved triangles (akin to a pizza slice shape) joint at the top (i.e., at one end), which may act as flaps to hold a substantial portion of the spherical ball by pressing the spherical ball. Similarly, the cradle may be manufactured in multiple different shapes, provided that sizes of such shapes are mutually compatible such that the spherical ball is snugly held within the cradle, so the spherical ball does not fall, or the fluid does not leak, while ensuring that the spherical ball moves easily to dispense the fluid when in use.

It will be appreciated that the shape of the cradle being hemispherical in the first portion is presented herein as a preferred embodiment. Herein, the hemispherical curvature allows for a maximum surface area contact with the spherical ball, therefore resulting in a snug or firm fit. Moreover, the hemispherical shape of the first portion allows for a maximum rolling efficiency, which in-turn maximises an efficiency of dispensing the fluid. Beneficially, the shape of the cradle is advantageous since it allows for the spherical ball to be accommodated within the first portion and also provides attachment means in the second portion. If there is no separation between the first portion and the second portion of the cradle, the cradle may not be attachable within the apparatus, and may not provide adequate space for mobility of the spherical ball in the cradle. Therefore, the first portion and the second portion are required to be separated at the second end of the body. Optionally, the cradle is manufactured with the first portion and second portion being integrally joined. Alternatively, the first portion and the second portion of the cradle are separately manufactured and joined mechanically thereafter.

It will be appreciated that the spherical ball fits within the cavity. Optionally, the cavity has a hollow hemispherical shape. Optionally, the diameter of the cavity at the first end of the body lies in a range of 22 mm to 28 mm. For example, the diameter of the cavity at the first end may be from 22, 22.5, 23, 23.5, 24, 24.5, 25, 25.5, 26, 26.5, or 27 mm up to 23, 23.5, 24, 24.5, 25, 25.5, 26, 26.5, 27, 27.5, or 28 mm. As an example, the diameter of the cavity at the first end may be 24.28 mm. As an example, the vertical depth (i.e., The height) of the cavity may be 16.44 mm, wherein the vertical depth of the first part is 10.66 mm and the vertical depth of the second part is 5.78 mm. Moreover, the spherical ball snugly (and/or firmly) sits on the ridge. This means that the spherical ball is rotatably attached to the cradle. The spherical ball is fit in a manner that it is not removable unless additional mechanical force and/or instruments are utilised. Herein, the diameter of the spherical ball correlates with the diameter of the ridge.

Optionally, a diameter of the spherical ball lies in a range of 23.0 mm to 27.0 mm. For example, the diameter of the spherical ball may be from 23.0, 23.2, 23.4, 23.8, 24.1, 24.6, 25.2, 25.8, 26.4, 26.8 or 26.9 mm up to 23.5, 23.7, 23.9, 24.3, 24.7,25.0, 25.2, 25.8, 26.4, 26.7, 26.9 or 26.0 mm. Optionally, the diameter of the ridge lies in a range of 21 mm to 25 mm. For example, the diameter of the ridge may be from 21, 21.25, 21.5, 21.75, 22, 22.25, 22.5, 22.6, 22.8, 23, 23.2, 23.5, or 24 mm up to 22.7, 22.9, 23, 23.2, 23.5, 24, 24.5, or 25 mm. A preferred value for the diameter of the spherical ball is 25.0 mm. It will be appreciated that the diameter of the ridge is smaller than the diameter of the spherical ball. Notably, the ridge is wide enough for the spherical ball to sit on usually. It will be appreciated that the functioning of the cradle depends on a relative choice of diameters and sizes of its components, such that the fluid does not leak, while the spherical ball rolls smoothly without impediments. Therefore, the diameter of the spherical ball is selected such that it fits within the cradle and does not fall into the container (described later). Moreover, the diameter of the spherical ball is selected such that it fits firmly and snugly on the ridge of the cradle, while allowing enough space for the movement of the ball. In an example, if the diameter of the ridge is 23.8mm, the diameter of the spherical ball may be 23.0mm and the first diameter may be 22.5mm.

In some implementations, the ridge is a protruding structure between the first part and the second part. In some other implementations, the ridge is a non-protruding structure between the first part and the second part. In such implementations, the ridge lies along a smallest edge where the spherical ball is touching the cradle.

Optionally, the ridge is made from a flexible material. The term "flexible material" refers to a material which is capable of bending without breaking during manufacturing and use of the apparatus. Examples of the flexible material include, but are not limited to, rubber, PVC flexible plastic, fibreglass, polyester film, polycarbonate, plastic polymer (for example, such as polyethylene). Beneficially, the ridge being flexible enables the spherical ball to sit on the ridge when no external force is exerted on the spherical ball, and the ridge to surround, lock and encase the spherical ball when external force is exerted on the spherical ball.

Optionally, the second part is made from a flexible material. Examples of the flexible material include, but are not limited to, rubber, PVC flexible plastic, fibreglass, polyester film, polycarbonate, plastic polymer (for example, such as polyethylene). It will be appreciated that the second part being flexible allows for a plurality of spherical balls to be fit in a given cradle. For example, if a diameter of the ridge of the cradle is 23.0 mm, then a diameter of a given spherical ball may lie in a range of 23.8- 25.3 mm. Optionally, the first part is made from a rigid material. Examples of the rigid material include, but are not limited to, wood, plastic, metal, stone, concrete. Alternatively, optionally, the first part is made from a flexible material. Examples of the flexible material include, but are not limited to, rubber, PVC flexible plastic, fibreglass, polyester film, polycarbonate, urethane. Optionally, the second portion is made from a rigid material. Examples of the rigid material include, but are not limited to, wood, plastic, metal, stone, concrete. Alternatively, optionally, the second portion is made from a flexible material. Examples of the flexible material include, but are not limited to, rubber, PVC flexible plastic, polypropylene, fibreglass, polyester film, polycarbonate, urethane. Optionally, both the first portion and the second portion of the body of the cradle are made from a rigid material. Optionally, in this regard, both the first portion and the second portion is made of a metal, and thus the cradle is made of a metal. Optionally, the spherical ball is made from a gemstone. Examples of the gemstone may include, but not be limited to, jade, amethyst, onyx, ruby, emerald, sapphire, turquoise.

A typical spherical ball may be hand-sanded. Alternatively, different equipment or machinery may be used to manufacture a spherical ball. Optionally, a spherical ball may be hand-sanded after being manufactured by such a particular equipment. When a plurality of spherical balls are manufactured, it is difficult to ensure that the plurality of spherical balls would all have the same given size. However, each such spherical ball is unique in its size, shape and colour. Therefore, the flexibility of the second part is advantageous since it allows spherical balls of various sizes to be fit into the cradle. This means that a same cradle could be used to hold a first spherical ball having a small size in one instance, and a second spherical ball having a size larger than that of the first spherical ball in another instance. Therefore, the cradle can be mass- manufactured, without constraints regarding the size of the spherical ball since the cradle can hold spherical balls of varied sizes. Notably, the first part and the second part of the first portion of the cradle are separated by the ridge. It will be appreciated that the spherical ball fits snugly (and/or firmly) about the ridge. The first part and the second part thereby assist in housing the spherical ball by being parted at the ridge. Optionally, the plurality of gaps have a beneficial geometrical shape that is approximately similar to a keyhole shape. The keyhole shape is generally a slit with a circle or an ellipse shape at an end (i.e., at one end) of the slit. Herein, the circle at the end of the keyhole shape provides more structural integrity since it does not easily rip, as compared to a slit which would easily rip under pressure. The keyhole shape is unique and provides structural integrity to the second part of the cradle. It will be appreciated that if mere slits were provided as the plurality of gaps, it is likely for them to rip during use. Therefore, the keyhole shape not only allows smooth functioning of the cradle, but also increases the longevity of the cradle during use. Moreover, beneficially, the plurality of gaps act as a spring and increase the flexibility of the cradle. Optionally, the width of each of the plurality of gaps is smaller than the width of each slice portion of the second part that lies between two adjacent gaps amongst the plurality of gaps. It will be appreciated that wider slice portions relative to the narrower gaps enhance structural integrity of the cradle and also enable in controlling an amount of the fluid being dispensed when the cradle is in use. As an example, the width of each of the plurality of gaps may be equal to 1 mm.

Optionally, the plurality of gaps comprise at least two gaps. As an example, the plurality of gaps may comprise 3 gaps, 4 gaps, 5 gaps, 6 gaps, 7 gaps, 8 gaps, 9 gaps, 10 gaps, and so forth. Optionally, the greater the number of gaps in the plurality of gaps, the greater the flexibility of the cradle. Moreover, optionally, the greater the number of gaps in the plurality of gaps, the smaller the size of each slice portion (of the second part) lying between two adjacent gaps amongst the plurality of gaps and the greater the number of such slice portions. Optionally, the plurality of gaps extend from the second part into the first part. Optionally, in this regard, the first part and the second part have the plurality of gaps extending from the opening of the second part. Therefore, the plurality of gaps are in proximity to the first end. An extent of the plurality of gaps in this case lies from the opening of the second part to points in the first part which lie between the first end and the ridge. This means that the plurality of gaps extend above the ridge upon which the spherical ball sits when the cradle is in use. In this case, a height of each slice portion (of the second part) lying between two adjacent gaps amongst the plurality of gaps is greater than a height of each slice portion in a case wherein the plurality of gaps are present only in the second part.

Optionally, the opening has a circular shape. Optionally, in this regard, the diameter of the opening lies in a range of 5 mm to 20 mm. As an example, the diameter of the opening may be 10.46 mm. It will be appreciated that the opening could also have other shapes such as an elliptical shape, a polygonal shape (such as a hexagonal shape, an octagonal shape, and similar), a freeform shape, or similar.

It will be appreciated that the first diameter is in congruence with the diameter of the ridge of the cradle. Herein, the first diameter is equal to, or preferably smaller than the diameter of the ridge, such that the spherical ball does not fall out of the cradle. Moreover, the diameter of the first part of the first portion above the ridge is wider than the diameter of the ridge to allow the fluid to be dispensed easily. Herein, the diameter of the first part of the first portion above the ridge is wider with respect to the diameter of the ridge to allow the fluid to flow with lesser friction when compared to a configuration in which the diameter of the first part is not wider. It will be appreciated that the second diameter being larger than the first diameter highlights the shape of the cradle, since the second diameter is required to be larger than the first diameter to accommodate the hemispherical cavity of the first portion and attachment means on the second portion. Moreover, the second portion partially covers the first portion such that the spherical ball is partially within the container (i.e., for support, so that it does not fall out), and partially outside the container (i.e., for dispensing the fluid), when the cradle is connected to the container.

Optionally, the first diameter lies in a range of 23.0-25.0 mm. For example, the first diameter may be from 23.0, 23.2, 23.4, 23.7, 24.0, 24.5 or 24.9 mm up to 23.5, 23.7, 24.0, 24.5, 24.8, 24.9 or 25.0 mm. In an example, the first diameter may preferably be 24.0 mm. In another example, the first diameter may be 24.28 mm. It will be appreciated that small variations of up to 0.5 mm in the preferred first diameter may occur. Therefore, a first diameter of 23.9 mm or a first diameter of 24.1 mm are also preferred diameters. It will be appreciated that the first diameter is smaller than the diameter of the ridge of the cradle, such that the spherical ball does not fall out. The second diameter lies in a range of 33.0-37.0 mm. For example, the second diameter may be from 33.0, 33.2, 33.4, 33.7, 34.0, 34.4, 34.8, 35.3, 35.8, 36.3, 36.7 or 36.8 mm up to 33.2, 33.4, 33.7, 34.0, 34.4, 34.8, 35.3, 35.8, 36.3, 36.7, 36.8 or 37 mm. In an example, the second diameter may preferably be 33.0 mm. It will be appreciated that small variations of up to 0.5 mm in the preferred second diameter may occur. Therefore, a second diameter of 32.9 mm or a second diameter of 33.1 mm or a second diameter of 37.02 mm, or similar, are also preferred diameters.

Optionally, the second portion has a first set of helical threads on an inner face of the second portion near (i.e., proximal to) the second end, wherein the first set of helical threads enable attachment of the cradle to a container capable of holding the fluid, via a complementary portion of the container. The term "helical threads" refers to an attachment means which allow at least two components to be removably attached to each other, provided both such components have helical-shaped ridges on respective connective faces, and that diameters of both such components as well as shapes of the helical-shaped ridges are in congruence. The helical threads enable attachment by facilitating both such components to be screwed into each other. In this regard, one component would have a slightly smaller diameter and helical threads on an outer face, and another component would have a slightly larger diameter and helical threads on an inner face. It will be appreciated that the helical threads enable attachment in a sturdy and spill-proof manner, such that the fluid does not leak from the container while the apparatus is being used. Such helical threads facilitate strengthened attachment between the two components, which is mechanically stable. The complementary portion of the container is a first cylindrical portion (described later) of the container.

Optionally, when the cradle is in use and no external force is applied on the spherical ball, the spherical ball rests on the ridge; and when the cradle is in use and an external force is applied on the spherical ball, the spherical ball is pushed downwards from the ridge towards the second end of the body and the second part distends to accommodate the spherical ball. The term "external force" refers to a force caused by an external agent outside of the cradle. Notably, the external force is greater than natural forces acting on the spherical ball, natural forces being at least one of: gravity, mechanical force due to the arrangement of the spherical ball within the apparatus. Examples of the external force include, but are not limited to, applied force, normal force, tension force, friction force, and air resistance force.

It will be appreciated that the cradle is dimensionally facilitated to fit the spherical ball. However, when the external force is applied from a portion of the spherical ball that lies outside of the cradle, the spherical ball is pushed further downwards into the cradle. Notably, the plurality of gaps provide flexibility to the second part of the cradle, such that the second part distends to accommodate the spherical ball. This is also useful for a given spherical ball of a slightly greater diameter, since the plurality of gaps accommodate the given spherical ball by distending the second part of the cradle according to a size of the given spherical ball. It will be appreciated that the downward pushing of the spherical ball into the cradle enables a fluidic sealing between the ball and the cradle, without requiring any specialised sealing components (such as sealing rings, sealing tapes, or similar). Notably, the spherical ball is pushed by the external force into the cradle such that at least the ridge in the cradle forms a fluidic barrier for preventing leakage of the fluid therethrough. It will be appreciated that the spherical ball may be pushed downward into the cradle such that it contacts the cradle at several points or regions, and each of such points or regions forms the fluidic barrier. For example, the spherical ball may be pushed downward into the cradle such that the spherical ball comes in contact with at least a portion of a surface area of each slice portion of the second part. In such an example, the portion of the surface area of each slice portion provides the fluidic barrier where fluids cannot move since it is being pushed up against the spherical wall. Optionally, said portion of the surface area of each slice portion of the second part lies in a range of 1-100% of the (total) surface area of each slice portion of the second part. In some implementations, the spherical ball comes in contact with, for example, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or similar portion, of the surface area of each slice portion of the second part. In some other implementations, thr spherical ball comes in contact with 100% (or an entirety) of the surface area of each slice portion of the second part. The geometries and dimensions of the cradle and the spherical ball enable such a spill-proof technical effect of the cradle. In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a lid for use in an apparatus for dispensing a fluid, the lid comprising a body having a closed end and an open end, an inner face of the body at the closed end has a protruding element, wherein in use, the lid covers a third end of a container capable of holding the fluid and the protruding element applies an external force on a spherical ball held in the cradle of the first aspect, attached to the third end. Notably, when the lid is not used in conjunction with the cradle, the spherical ball movably fits within the cavity of the first portion of the cradle, and specifically, sits on the ridge of the cradle such that it allows for movement of the fluid around the spherical ball. But when the lid is used in conjunction with the cradle, the protruding element applies the external force on the spherical ball held in the cradle such that the spherical ball is pushed downwards from the ridge towards the second end of the body and the second part distends to accommodate the spherical ball. In this state/position, the spherical ball fits snugly within the cradle without movement, so there is no movement of the fluid around the spherical ball and spillage of the fluid is prevented. The lid is specially-designed for usage in conjunction with the cradle, and its design includes the protruding element which enables the aforesaid relative arrangements of the spherical ball and the cradle, for dispensing the fluid and for preventing spillage of the fluid as per usage.

A shape of the lid may be, but is not limited to, a spherical shape, a cuboidal shape, a triangular prism shape, an octagonal prism shape, a hexagonal prism shape, a cylindrical shape, a bulb shape (i.e., a cylindrical shape with a hemispherical end), a bullet shape. Optionally, the lid is made of a rigid material. As an example, the shape of the lid may be the bulb shape, wherein a height of the lid may be 34.83 mm and a diameter of the lid may be 46.73 mm. Examples of the rigid material include, but are not limited to, metal, wood, plastic, stone, ceramic, concrete. An inner face of the lid is optionally shaped as a portion of a hollow sphere to allow the lid to snugly fit, on the container, to cover the spherical ball and the cradle. However, the inner face of the lid may be shaped in any manner, as long as the protruding element pushes on the spherical ball when the lid and the cradle are attached to the container. The open end of the lid allows the lid to be removable from the container. It will be appreciated that the lid is removed for using the apparatus and can be attached to the container when the apparatus is not in use.

The term "protruding element" refers to a flange or a raised section which protrudes from the inner face of the lid at the closed end. Optionally, the protruding element has one of: a cylindrical shape, an elliptical prism shape, a hexagonal prism shape, an octagonal prism shape, a cubical shape, a cuboidal shape, a triangular prism shape, a trapezoidal prism shape. Other shapes of the protruding element are also feasible. Optionally, a diameter of the protruding element lies in a range of 15.0- 20.0 mm. For example, the diameter of the protruding element may be from 15.0, 15.2, 15.4, 15.8, 16.2, 16.7, 17.2, 17.7, 18.2, 18.7, 19.1, 19.4, 19.7 or 19.8 mm up to 15.2, 15.4, 15.8, 16.2, 16.7, 17.2, 17.7, 18.2, 18.7, 19.1, 19.4, 19.7, 19.9 or 20.0 mm. In an example, the diameter of the protruding element may be 18.57 mm. It will be appreciated that when the lid is attached to the container, the protruding element of the lid exerts the external force on the spherical ball. In this regard, the larger the diameter of the protruding element, the further away from the centre of the spherical ball is the external force exerted by the protruding element of the lid when the lid is attached to the container.

Optionally, when the protruding element is implemented as the flange, a height of the protruding element lies in a range of 0.1 mm to 50 mm. Alternatively, optionally, when the protruding element is implemented as a raised section in a roof portion of the lid, a thickness of this raised section (i.e., the protruding element) lies in a range of 0.1 mm to 50 mm. This raised section in the roof part can be understood to be a protrusion towards an inner region of the lid from the inner face of the lid. A protrusion provided by the raised section is in the form of an increased thickness of the lid itself (in its roof portion). In an example, the thickness of the raised section in the roof portion of the lid may be 0.3 mm, 5 mm, 10 mm, or similar. In an example, the height of the lid may be 34.83 mm and the outermost diameter of the lid may be 46.73 mm.

Optionally, the protruding element is implemented as a concentric protruding element which comprises two or more concentric protruding parts. The two or more concentric protruding parts may be joint with each other as a single-piece concentric protruding element or may be separate from each other as a multi-piece concentric protruding element. The two or more concentric protruding parts may or may not have space therebetween. Notably, the concentric protruding element beneficially exerts the external force on the spherical part at different distances from a centre of the spherical ball. As an example, the concentric protruding element may comprise two concentric protruding parts having cylindrical shapes.

Moreover, optionally, the protruding element of the lid is implemented as a raised section of the lid that protrudes towards an inner portion of the lid, from the inner face of the lid. In this regard, the thickness of the raised section of the lid may be greater than the thickness of other nonraised sections of the lid. The thickness of the raised section provides the 'rise' of the raised section and enables the raised section to apply the external force on the spherical ball held in the cradle when in use. Optionally, the raised section of the lid is present on a central portion of the inner face of the lid. This central portion may correspond to a roof portion of the lid.

Optionally, the protruding element excludes grooves. Alternatively, optionally, the end of the protruding element which is in proximity to the open end includes a plurality of grooves. It will be appreciated that the plurality of grooves provide movement and flexibility to the protruding element. Moreover, the plurality of grooves allow the protruding element to grip the spherical ball snugly, such that the spherical ball does not move when the lid is attached to the container. Beneficially, the plurality of grooves enhance flexibility of the protruding element and enable the protruding element to act as a spring. Optionally, the plurality of grooves comprise at least two grooves. As an example, the plurality of grooves may comprise 3 grooves, 4 grooves, 5 grooves, 6 grooves, 7 grooves, 8 grooves, 9 grooves, 10 grooves, and so forth. Optionally, greater a number of grooves in the plurality of grooves, greater is the flexibility of the protruding element. Moreover, optionally, greater the number of grooves in the plurality of grooves, smaller is a size of each slice portion (of the protruding element) lying between two adjacent grooves amongst the plurality of grooves and greater is a number of such slice portions. Furthermore, greater the number of grooves in the plurality of grooves, greater is the flexibility of the protruding element.

Optionally, a depth of each of the plurality of grooves is less than the height or the thickness of the protruding element. As an example, the depth of the plurality of grooves may lie in a range of 0.01 mm to 45 mm, or in a range of 10% to 90% of the height or the thickness of the protruding element.

Optionally, a width of each of the plurality of grooves lies in a range of 0.05 mm to 5 mm. For example, the width of each of the plurality of grooves may be from 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, or 3.5 mm up to 1, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 3.75, 4, 4.25, 4.5, 4.75, or 5 mm. As an example, the width of each of the plurality of grooves may be 2 mm.

Optionally, the protruding element is made from a flexible material. Examples of the flexible material include, but are not limited to, rubber, PVC flexible plastic, fibreglass, polypropylene, polyester film, polycarbonate, plastic polymer (for example, such as polyethylene). It will be appreciated that the protruding element being flexible facilitates utilisation of the plurality of spherical balls of varied sizes. Moreover, the protruding element being flexible ensures that spherical balls of varied sizes can be used without specifying an amount of pressure to be applied, and ensuring that the protruding element does not break due to rigidity. Notably, since the protruding element is flexible and includes the plurality of grooves, when the lid is attached to the container, the plurality of grooves distend to cover the spherical ball from a top side (i.e., part of the spherical ball which is outside the cradle and container).

It will be appreciated that the lid substantially covers the third end of the container, and the cradle, when the lid is attached to the container. Such attachment results in the external force due to the protruding element of the lid, which pushes the spherical ball further into the cradle. Optionally, the open end has a circular cross-section of a third diameter, and an inner face of the body proximal to the open end has a second set of helical threads, wherein the second set of helical threads enable attachment of the lid to the container, and wherein the third diameter lies in a range of 35.0 mm to 40.0 mm. For example, the third diameter may be from 35.0, 35.2, 35.4, 35.7, 36.0, 36.5, 37.0, 37.5, 38.0, 38.5, 38.9, 39.3, 39.5, 39.7or 39.9 mm up to 35.2, 35.7, 36.0, 36.3, 36.7, 37.2, 37.7, 38.7, 39.0, 39.3, 39.5, 39.7, 39.9 or 40.0 mm. In an example, the third diameter may preferably be 37.0 mm. It will be appreciated that small variations of up to 0.5 mm in the preferred third diameter may occur. Therefore, a third diameter of 36.9 mm or a third diameter of 37.1 mm are also preferred diameters.

Optionally, the third diameter is larger than the second diameter, since the lid must be capable of covering a substantial portion of the cradle. Notably, the second diameter and the third diameter are selected in a manner that each selection of a given diameter is dependent upon other diameters. For example, in a case, the second diameter is selected as 34 mm and the third diameter is selected as 37 mm; in another case, if the second diameter is selected as 36 mm, the third diameter cannot be selected as 35 mm since it would be too small, and the lid would not cover the cradle. However, in this example, the third diameter may be selected as 39 mm.

It will be appreciated that the second set of helical threads facilitate the lid to be screwed onto the container. When the lid is screwed onto the container, the protruding element provides the external force on the spherical ball such that it snugly sits within the cradle without movement, ultimately avoiding spillage of the fluid. Notably, the attachment of the lid and the container by way of the second set of helical threads is beneficial since it reduces spillage of the fluid and ensures that the spherical ball does not move while the lid is attached to the container.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an apparatus for dispensing a fluid, the apparatus comprising:

- a cradle of the first aspect;

- a lid of the second aspect;

- a spherical ball; and

- a container adapted to hold the fluid therein, the container having a third end which is open and a fourth end which is closed, wherein a neck portion of the container proximal to the third end has a first cylindrical portion having a fourth diameter and a second cylindrical portion having a fifth diameter, the fifth diameter being greater than the fourth diameter, wherein the cradle and the lid are removably attached to the container such that a second portion of the cradle is connected to the first cylindrical portion whereas an open end of the lid is connected to the second cylindrical portion, and wherein the spherical ball is removably held within a cavity of a first portion of the cradle; wherein when the apparatus is not in use, a protruding element of the lid applies an external force on the spherical ball to push the spherical ball downwards towards the second end of a body of the cradle, such that a ridge in the cradle forms a fluidic barrier for preventing leakage of the fluid.

The apparatus for dispensing the fluid refers to an apparatus which allows a regulated flow of the fluid while avoiding spills and leakages. It will be appreciated that such apparatus is unique in reducing spillage of the fluid when not in use to avoid undue wastage and ensuring elongated life. It will be appreciated that the cradle, the lid, the spherical ball and the container jointly form the apparatus. The lid is used in conjunction with the cradle (and the spherical ball), when the apparatus is not in use, for preventing fluid leakage, fluid contamination, and similar. Optionally, the container is a combination of one or more shapes of: a cylindrical shape, an elliptical prism shape, a hexagonal prism shape, an octagonal prism shape, a dodecagonal prism shape. Optionally, the container is a doublewalled container. As an example, the length of an inner wall of the doublewalled container may be 61.30 mm and the length of an outer wall of the double-walled container may be 74.30 mm. The diameter of an inner chamber defined by the inner walls of the double-walled container may be 27.72 mm. The fluid may be held in this inner chamber. The thickness of the container may vary from 0.5 mm (in an elongated portion of the container) to 13 mm (at a base portion of the container that lies at the fourth end of the container). The thickness of the container may, for example, be 1 mm, when the container is made of plastic. As an example, a capacity of the container may be 1 millilitre (ml), 2 ml, 5 ml, 10 ml, 25 ml, 50 ml, 100 ml, 125 ml, 150 ml, 200 ml, or similar.

Optionally, the fluid is at least one of: oil, water, deodorant, ink, sanitiser, lotion, serum, topical medication. It will be appreciated that the fluid is held in the container, and the apparatus facilitates application of the fluid on a surface. Examples of the surface include, but are not limited to, paper, skin, cardboard, wood, plastic, metal, cloth, leather, and stone. In an example, the apparatus facilitates application of topical medication on an infected area of skin. In another example, the apparatus facilitates application of ink on a paper. In yet another example, the apparatus facilitates application of deodorant on skin.

The container is closed at the fourth end such that the fluid does not leak therein. As an example, the diameter of the fourth end of the container may be 47 mm. Optionally, the fourth end of the container includes a recess therein. As an example, a depth of said recess may be 0.15 mm. Moreover, the container is open at the third end to allow attachment with the cradle and the spherical ball such that the fluid is dispensed in a regulated manner. Optionally, the first cylindrical portion comprises a third set of helical threads and the second cylindrical portion comprises a fourth set of helical threads, the fourth diameter corresponding with a second diameter and the fifth diameter corresponding with a third diameter, wherein the cradle is removably attached to the container using a first set of helical threads and the third set of helical threads, and wherein the lid is removably attached to the container using a second set of helical threads and the fourth set of helical threads. As an example, the length of the first cylindrical portion may be 5 mm and the length of the second cylindrical portion may be 7 mm.

It will be appreciated that the lid and the cradle are removably attached to the container such that they may be removed or attached with the container individually, as per a user's requirement at any given time. Herein, when neither the cradle nor the lid are attached, the fluid may be refilled within the container, such that the apparatus may be utilised for a long time. Thereon, when the cradle is attached to the container and the lid is not attached, the apparatus may be utilised to dispense the fluid onto the surface in a regulated manner. Furthermore, when both the cradle and the lid are attached to the container, the protruding element of the lid pushes the spherical ball further within the cradle, forming the fluidic barrier which prevents leakage of the fluid. Moreover, sets of helical threads are congruent, such that they attach to each other. It will be appreciated that firstly the spherical ball is fit into the cradle, then the cradle is attached to the container and lastly the lid is attached to the container. Beneficially, the manner of attachment using helical threads is easy to use for users of any age.

Optionally, the fourth diameter lies in a range of 32.0-37.0 mm, and the fifth diameter lies in a range of 35.0-40.0 mm. For example, the fourth diameter may be from 33.0, 33.2, 33.4, 33.7, 34.0, 34.4, 34.8, 35.3, 35.8, 36.3, 36.7 or 36.8 mm up to 33.2, 33.4, 33.7, 34.0, 34.4, 34.8, 35.3, 35.8, 36.3, 36.7, 36.8 or 37 mm. In an example, the fourth diameter may be 32.60 mm. In another example, the fourth diameter may be 33.0 mm. Moreover, for example, the fifth diameter may be from 35.0, 35.2, 35.4, 35.7, 36.0, 36.5, 37.0, 37.5, 38.0, 38.5, 38.9, 39.3, 39.5, 39.7 or 39.9 mm up to 35.2, 35.7, 36.0, 36.3, 36.7, 37.2, 37.7, 38.7, 39.0, 39.3, 39.5, 39.7, 39.9 or 40.0 mm. In an example, the fifth diameter may preferably be 37.0 mm. It will be appreciated that small variations of up to 0.5 mm in the respective preferred diameters for the fourth and fifth diameters may occur. Therefore, respectively a fourth diameter of 32.9 mm or a fifth diameter of 37.1 mm are also preferred diameters. Notably, for the sets of helical threads to properly attach with each other, there must be a slight variation between the second diameter and the fourth diameter, and between the third diameter and the fifth diameter. Such a variation may lie in a range of 0.2-0.5 mm. For example, if the fourth diameter is 33.0 mm and the fifth diameter is 37.0 mm, the second diameter may be 33.2 mm and the third diameter may be 37.5 mm. It will be appreciated that the cradle, the spherical ball, the lid, and the container all together comprise the apparatus for dispensing the fluid. Herein, dimensions and/or shapes of the cradle, the spherical ball, the lid, and the container may be altered, provided that the dimensions and/or shapes are compatible and ensure that the apparatus works as described herein. Moreover, the first diameter, the diameter of the ridge, the diameter of the spherical ball, the second diameter, the third diameter, the fourth diameter, and the fifth diameter may be selected from the above-mentioned ranges in a manner that each selection of a given diameter is dependent upon other diameters. For example, if in one case, the second diameter is 33 mm and the fourth diameter is 33.5 mm; in another case if the second diameter is selected as 35 mm, the fourth diameter must be selected relevant to the second diameter, such as, the fourth diameter may be selected as 35.5 mm. This is essential since functioning of the apparatus depends upon interaction of the cradle, the spherical ball, the lid, and the container with each other. In the above example, if the fourth diameter is selected as 32 mm or 37 mm, the cradle would not be attached to the container, hampering the functioning of the apparatus.

It will be appreciated that the external force applied by the protruding element of the lid pushes the spherical ball into the body of the cradle such that the second part of the first portion of the cradle distends. Herein, when the spherical ball is pushed downward, the spherical ball is not movable about the ridge and instead corks on the ridge, such that the fluid is not dispensed from the apparatus. Notably, such an arrangement forms the fluidic barrier which prevents leakage of the fluid. Moreover, such an arrangement ensures that the fluid does not leak from the apparatus even during transportation when the fluid is moving within the container. Optionally, a dimension of any component and/or any end of at least one of: the cradle, the lid, the spherical ball, the container, lies within a range of +/- 10 mm from its corresponding range. More optionally, the dimension of any component and/or any end of at least one of: the cradle, the lid, the spherical ball, the container, lies within a range of +/- 5 mm from its corresponding range. This means that the ranges of dimension of any component and/or any end of at least one of: the cradle, the lid, the spherical ball, the container, are to be construed as non-limiting and a maximum tolerance of 10 mm is feasible for at least one of: a minimum value, a maximum value, in such ranges.

As an example, when the diameter of the spherical ball lies in the range of 23.0 mm to 27.0 mm, the diameter of the spherical ball may lie in a range of 13 mm (i.e., 23 mm - 10 mm) to 37 mm (i.e., 27 mm + 10 mm), according to embodiments of the present disclosure. As another example, when the first diameter lies in the range of 22.0-26.0 mm, and the second diameter lies in the range of 32.0-37.0 mm, the first diameter may lie in a range of 12-36 mm and the second diameter may lie in the range of 22-47 mm, according to embodiments of the present disclosure. As yet another example, when the height or the thickness of the protruding element lies in the range of 0.1 mm to 50 mm, the height or the thickness of the protruding element may lie in a range of 0.1 mm to 60 mm.

Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the words "comprise" and "contain" and variations of the words, for example "comprising" and "comprises" , mean "including but not limited to", and do not exclude other components, integers or steps. Moreover, the singular encompasses the plural unless the context otherwise requires: in particular, where the indefinite article is used, the specification is to be understood as contemplating plurality as well as singularity, unless the context requires otherwise. Preferred features of each aspect of the invention may be as described in connection with any of the other aspects. Within the scope of this application, it is expressly intended that the various aspects, embodiments, examples and alternatives set out in the preceding paragraphs, in the claims and/or in the following description and drawings, and in particular the individual features thereof, may be taken independently or in any combination. That is, all embodiments and/or features of any embodiment can be combined in any way and/or combination, unless such features are incompatible.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

One or more embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the following diagrams wherein:

Figures 1A and IB illustrate a cradle for holding a spherical ball when in use, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

Figure 1C illustrates a cradle for holding a spherical ball when in use, in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure;

Figure ID illustrates a cradle for holding a spherical ball when in use, in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present disclosure;

Figures 2A, 2B, and 2C illustrate a lid for use in an apparatus for dispensing a fluid, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure;

Figure 3 illustrates a container adapted to hold fluid, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

Figures 4A and 4B illustrate a cross-section of an apparatus for dispensing a fluid, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; and Figures 4C and 4D illustrate a cross-section of an apparatus for dispensing a fluid, in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In Figures 1A and IB, Figure 1C, and Figure ID, illustrated is a cradle 100 for holding a spherical ball when in use, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Wherever feasible, similar components have been given the same reference numerals across these embodiments, for the sake of simplicity only.

Referring to Figures 1A and IB, illustrated is a cradle 100 for holding a spherical ball when in use, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. Herein, Figure 1A illustrates a top perspective view of the cradle 100, and Figure IB illustrates a bottom perspective view of the cradle 100. Notably, Figures 1A and IB correspond to the same embodiment of the present disclosure. The cradle 100 comprises a body having a first portion 102 and a second portion 104. As shown, the second portion 104 at least partially covers the first portion 102. The first portion 102 has a hollow hemispherical shape defining a cavity. The cavity is visible in Figure 1A. A preferable shape of the cradle is illustrated in Figures 1A and IB. The hemispherical shape of the first portion of the cradle is advantageous since it allows the spherical ball to be accommodated therein.

As shown in Figure IB, the first portion 102 and the second portion 104 are joint with each other at a first end 106 of the body and separate from each other at a second end 108 of the body. Moreover, the first portion 102 comprises a first part 112 and a second part 114 that are separated from each other by a ridge 110. The first part 112 extends between the first end 106 and the ridge 110 whereas the second part 114 extends between the ridge 110 and the second end 108. The second part 114 has an opening 116 and a plurality of gaps 118 extending from the opening. When in use, the spherical ball fits within the cavity of the first portion 102.

Referring to Figure 1C, illustrated is a cradle 100 for holding a spherical ball when in use, in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure. Herein, Figure 1C illustrates a top perspective view of the cradle 100. The cradle 100 comprises the body having the first portion 102 and the second portion 104. A plurality of gaps 118 in a second part 114 of the first portion 102 of Figure 1C is greater than the plurality of gaps shown in Figure 1A. As a result, each slice portion of the second part 114 which lies between two adjacent gaps (amongst the plurality of gaps 118) is smaller (or thinner) in Figure 1C as compared to Figure 1A.

Referring to Figure ID, illustrated is a cradle 100 for holding a spherical ball when in use, in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present disclosure. Herein, Figure ID illustrates a bottom perspective view of the cradle 100. The cradle 100 comprises the body having the first portion 102 and the second portion 104. A plurality of gaps 118 in a second part 114 of the first portion 102 of Figure ID is greater than the plurality of gaps shown in Figure 1A. Moreover, in Figure ID, the plurality of gaps 118 are shown to extend from the second part 114 into a first part 112. The plurality of gaps 118 extend above a ridge 110 upon which a spherical ball sits when the cradle 100 is in use.

Referring to Figures 2A, 2B, and 2C, illustrated is a lid 200 for use in an apparatus for dispensing a fluid, in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure. In Figures 2A, 2B, and 2C, the lid 200 comprises a body having a closed end 202 and an open end 204. An inner face of the body at the closed end 202 has a protruding element 206. When in use, the lid 200 covers a portion of a container capable of holding the fluid, and the protruding element 206 applies an external force on a spherical ball held in a cradle. An inner face of the body near the open end 204 has a second set of helical threads 208. An end of the protruding element 206 which is in proximity to the open end 204 includes a plurality of grooves 210.

In Figure 2A, the plurality of grooves 210 are shown to comprise three grooves. In Figure 2B, the plurality of grooves 210 are shown to comprise more grooves than in Figure 2A, as shown by six grooves (five visible and 1 hidden) in the illustration. In Figure 2C, the protruding element 206 is shown to be implemented as a concentric protruding element which comprises two concentric protruding parts 206A and 206B that are separate from each other. In this case, each of the two concentric protruding parts 206A and 206B comprise three grooves, such that the plurality of grooves 210 are shown to comprise a total of six grooves.

Figure 3 illustrates a container 300 adapted to hold fluid, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. The container 300 has a third end 302 which is open and a fourth end 304 which is closed. A neck portion of the container 300 near (i.e., proximal to) the third end 302 has a first cylindrical portion 306 having a fourth diameter and a second cylindrical portion 308 having a fifth diameter. Herein, the fifth diameter is greater than the fourth diameter.

/Figures 4A and 4B illustrate a cross-section of an apparatus 400 for dispensing a fluid, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figures 4C and 4D illustrate a cross-section of an apparatus 400 for dispensing a fluid, in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure. With reference to Figures 4A, 4B, 4C, and 4D, wherever feasible, similar components have been given the same reference numerals across these embodiments, for the sake of simplicity only.

Herein, Figure 4A illustrates the cross-section of the apparatus 400 when a lid 404 of the apparatus 400 is detached, whereas Figure 4B illustrates the cross-section of the apparatus 400 when the lid 404 of the apparatus 400 is attached. The apparatus 400 comprises a cradle 402, the lid 404, a spherical ball 406 and a container 408. The cradle 402 comprises a body having a first portion and a second portion. The first portion has a hollow hemispherical shape defining a cavity. Moreover, the first portion comprises a first part and a second part 410 that are separated from each other by a ridge 412. The second part has an opening and a plurality of gaps extending from the opening. The second portion has a first set of helical threads 414 on an inner face of the second portion. The lid 404 comprises a body having a closed end and an open end. An inner face of the body at the closed end has a protruding element 416. An inner face of the body near the open end has a second set of helical threads 418. The spherical ball 406 fits within the cavity of the cradle 402. The container 408 has a third end which is open and a fourth end which is closed. A neck portion of the container near the third end has a first cylindrical portion having a third set of helical threads 420 and a second cylindrical portion having a fourth set of helical threads 422. Herein the cradle 402 is removably attached to the container 408 using the first set of helical threads 414 and the third set of helical threads 420. Moreover, the lid 404 is removably attached to the container 408 using the second set of helical threads 418 and the fourth set of helical threads 422.

In Figure 4A, the lid 404 of the apparatus 400 is detached, such that no external force is applied on the spherical ball 406. Herein, the spherical ball 406 rests on the ridge 412.

In Figure 4B, the lid 404 of the apparatus 400 is attached, such that external force is applied on the spherical ball 406 by the protruding element 416. Herein, the spherical ball 406 is pushed downwards from the ridge 412 towards the second end of the body and the second part 410 distends to accommodate the spherical ball 406. During this, the ridge 412 in the cradle 402 forms a fluidic barrier for preventing leakage of the fluid.

Referring to Figures 4C and 4D, Figure 4C illustrates the cross-section of the apparatus 400 when a lid 404 of the apparatus 400 is detached, whereas Figure 4B illustrates the cross-section of the apparatus 400 when the lid 404 of the apparatus 400 is attached. The apparatus 400 of the Figures 4C and 4D comprise the same components having the same functionality as the apparatus 400 of Figures 4A and 4B, and therefore these components are not described again, for sake of simplicity. However, the apparatus 400 of Figures 4C and 4D is different from the apparatus 400 of Figures 4A and 4B in terms of implementation of the protruding element 416. In Figures 4C and 4D, the protruding element 416 is implemented as a raised section 430 of the lid 404 that protrudes towards an inner portion 440 of the lid, from an inner face 450 of the lid. In this regard, a thickness of the raised section 430 of the lid 404 may be greater than the thickness of other non-raised sections of the lid 404. The thickness of the raised section 430 enables the raised section 430 to apply the external force on the spherical ball 406 held in the cradle 402 when in use. Optionally, the raised section 430 of the lid 404 is present on a central portion of the inner face 450 of the lid 404.

Figures 1A, IB, 1C, ID, 2A, 2B, 2C, 3, 4A, 4B, 4C, and 4D are merely examples, which should not unduly limit the scope of the claims herein. A person skilled in the art will recognize many variations, alternatives, and modifications of embodiments of the present disclosure.