Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of cryptocurrency mining. Specifically, the present invention relates to a machine for multiple and variable cryptocurrency mining.

Prior art

The nature of machines for the cybernetic mining of new crypto currency is currently conceived in a rigidly serial form, relying exclusively on the computational power of the graphical components to generate rewards and, hence, income. The dominant reality today is thus built on a machine-cryptocurrency relationship to be "mined" or "generated" of a pervasive kind, where graphics cards and any ancillary components are chosen exclusively for the solution of the associated algorithm. The machines are then made by putting every other component in the service of the graphics cards, understood globally in functional and ancillary relationship to the GPUs (Graphic Processing Units). Such an organization creates machines characterized by a rigid, and therefore unmanageable or alterable, internal supply chain, which places the result of the activity in total dependence on the value of the mercantile course of the generated cryptocurrency and the cost of energy. Known solutions for cryptocurrency creation are either ASICs (Application Specific Integrated Circuit Chips) used predominantly to solve Bitcoin blocks or less specific machines dedicated to solving ASICs-resistant algorithms as in the case of Ethereum: in the latter case, rigidities recur at the level of the graphics cards that are placed in series pushed and chosen from within the market offering for specific performance offered in solving the algorithm of the chosen cryptocurrency alone. The known solutions, therefore, present a major technical problem related to the biunique relationship between the material structure of the machine (Hardware) and the cryptocurrency to be mined.

Therefore, it would be desirable to have a cryptocurrency mining machine that can minimize the above drawbacks. In particular, it would be desirable to have a cryptocurrency mining machine that can generate value from all its computing components, thus with both CPU (Central Processing Unit) and graphics cards, that reduces and restrains power consumption, that increases throughput by optionally mining only cryptocurrencies of satisfactory market price, and that is immediate and intuitive for its easy use and deployment.

Summary of the Invention

The purpose of the present invention is to realize a cryptocurrency mining machine that can minimize the above-mentioned problems.

Specifically, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a machine for mining multiple cryptocurrencies and of the variable type that provides simple and fast handling of cryptocurrencies to be mined with a reduced cost of production, installation, and operation.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved by a cryptocurrency mining machine according to the appended claims.

The cryptocurrency mining machine comprising a primary unit and a secondary unit operatively connected to each other, wherein the primary unit comprises:

- a primary motherboard;

- one or more primary processors operationally coupled to the primary motherboard;

- one or more primary random access memory cards coupled to the primary motherboard; - one or more primary graphics cards operationally coupled to the primary motherboard;

- a primary unit cooling system designed to cool the primary processors, random access memory cards, and primary graphics cards; where the secondary unit includes:

- a plurality of secondary graphics cards suitable for computing for cryptocurrency mining;

- a secondary cooling system of the secondary unit apt to cool the secondary graphics cards; wherein the primary unit is adapted to perform the processing and iterations for cryptocurrency mining and includes a computer program for mining one or more cryptocurrencies from a predefined selection of cryptocurrencies, wherein the secondary unit is adapted to increase the computational capacity of the primary unit for cryptocurrency mining according to the cryptocurrencies to be mined, and wherein the computer program for mining is operationally connected with a multi-currency electronic wallet for acquiring and/or converting the mined cryptocurrency.

According to one form of implementation, the primary unit is provided with a primary connection slot and the secondary unit is provided with a secondary connection slot, wherein the secondary graphics cards are operationally coupled to the secondary connection slot, and wherein the primary connection slot is coupled to the secondary connection slot to define the operational connection between the primary unit and the secondary unit.

According to one form of realization, the computer program for mining a cryptocurrency is apt to define the cryptocurrencies to be mined from the predefined selection of cryptocurrencies according to the current course of the predefined selection of cryptocurrencies and the available computing capacity.

According to one embodiment, the computer program for mining a cryptocurrency is operationally connected with a multi-currency electronic wallet acted to exchange the said mined cryptocurrencies with non-minable currencies using blockchain technology.

According to one form of implementation, the primary cooling system is of the liquid cooling type comprising a plurality of conduits within which a dielectric coolant of modified viscosity is acted to circulate, and wherein the conduits are operationally coupled to the primary processors, primary random access memory cards, and primary graphics cards. For example, the coolant that can be used may be of the dielectric oil type of mineral or silicone origin, with low or very low viscosity.

Preferably, the primary cooling system comprises a plurality of heat transfer plates each respectively physically coupled to one of the primary processors, primary random access memory cards and primary graphics cards and each respectively in fluid connection with one of the conduits.

According to one embodiment, the secondary unit comprises a sealed enclosure within which the secondary graphics cards are housed, and wherein the secondary cooling system is of the liquid cooling type comprising a dielectric coolant of modified viscosity arranged within the watertight container so as to define a complete immersion of the secondary graphics cards within the dielectric coolant. The employable coolant may be, for example, of the dielectric oil type of mineral or silicone origin, with low or very low viscosity.

Preferably, the secondary cooling system comprises one or more cooling elements arranged within the sealed container and outside the dielectric coolant, and wherein the cooling elements are realized by cooling pipes for condensing the vapor generated by evaporation of the dielectric coolant. According to one form of realization, the cryptocurrency mining machine includes an outer container made of insulating material, wherein the primary unit and secondary unit are housed within the outer container, and wherein the outer container includes a double Faraday cage.

Preferably, the double Faraday cage is made by a plurality of at least partially overlapping metal elements made of copper and brass.

Description of Drawings

These and additional features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the description of the embodiments, illustrated by way of example and not limitation in the attached figures, in which:

- Figure 1 illustrates a frontal perspective view of a cryptocurrency mining machine in accordance with the present invention enclosed within an outer container, according to a preferred embodiment;

- Figure 2 illustrates a schematic view of the components of the primary unit of the cryptocurrency mining machine in Figure 1;

- Figure 3 illustrates a schematic view of the components of the secondary unit of the cryptocurrency mining machine in Figure 1;

- Figure 4A illustrates a perspective view of the secondary unit of the Figure 1 cryptocurrency mining machine;

- Figure 4B illustrates the secondary unit of Figure 4A equipped with the coolant;

- Figure 4C illustrates the secondary unit of Figure 4B, in which the coolant is illustrated as a function of the convective cycle.

Detailed description of the invention.

Figures 1-4C illustrate a cryptocurrency mining machine 1 according to the present invention. The cryptocurrency mining machine 1 comprising a primary unit 10 and a secondary unit 20 operatively connected to each other. Said units 10, 20 are preferably housed within an outer container 101 made of an insulating material, as exemplified Figure 1. Additionally, said outer container 101 preferably comprises a double Faraday cage. Even more preferably, said double Faraday cage is realized by a plurality of at least partially overlapping metal elements 111, 112, 113, 114 made of copper and brass.

So, Figure 1 illustrates by way of example the aforementioned outer container 101 made of composite insulation material that houses within it a double weave of copper and brass that realizes the double Faraday cage. This shielding made of complementary materials such as brass and copper protects the machine and its electronic components from the influence and interference produced by external magnetic fields and high or very high frequency electromagnetic radiation. The presence of this protection improves the speed and durability performance of the most stressed components of the machine and in particular of the primary processor, primary random access memory card, and primary graphics card, the latter components described in more detail below.

The double structure of the Faraday cage is of the overlapping type and made with an orthogonal weave of the metal elements, which are arranged with vertical extension 114, with horizontal extension 113, with right 111 inclination of 45°, and with left 112 inclination of 45°. Such overlapping weave is preferably made between the composite layers of the outer container 101. In the preferred form of fabrication, the metal elements with vertical extension 114 and with horizontal extension 113 are made with copper filaments less than 0.5mm in diameter, while the metal elements with right tilt 111 and left tilt 112 are made with brass filaments less than 0.5mm in diameter.

Primary unit 10, illustratively and partially shown in Figure 2, includes at least one primary motherboard 110, a primary processor 210 operationally coupled to primary motherboard 110 and preferably of the 32/64 partition type with high or very high processing speed, a primary random access memory card 310 operatively coupled to the primary motherboard 110, two primary graphics cards 410 operatively coupled to the primary motherboard 110, and a primary unit cooling system 10 suitable for cooling the primary processor 210, random access memory card 310, and primary graphics cards 410.

Specifically, in the preferred embodiment shown in Figure 2, primary unit 10 includes additional components, such as utility sockets (or Slots) of the primary motherboard and extension slots, a low-voltage DC power supply (not shown), a push-button power on/off system, a solid-state storage (SSD) drive for rapid management of autoloading of BIOS -accessory instructions from the primary motherboard and all major operational functions, high-performance graphics cards (GPUs) integrated through the appropriate plugs to the primary motherboard, cabling, connections, and ports, which will not be in the following more detailed. Assuming a form of realization, the primary unit 10 may include a primary motherboard 110 of the type ASUSTek ROG CROSSHAIR VIII DARL HERO, a primary processor 210 of the type32xAMD Ryzen 9 5950X 16-Core, two primary graphics cards 410 of the type Radeon RX 5600 XT 6128 MB Sapphire and GeForce RTX 3070Ti7981 MB-Gigabyte, and as a solid-state storage unit a Hard Disk ATA CT 500MX500SSD1-500GB.

The operating system employed in the preferred form of realization is of the Linux type, equipped with HIVE OS software for cryptocurrency mining.

According to alternative forms of realization, not shown, the primary drive may also include one, two or more of the elements listed above, such as the primary processor, the primary random access memory card, and the primary graphics card. The primary cooling system is preferably of the liquid cooling type. In such a case, the said system, preferably applied to the computing components, comprising a plurality of conduits 511 (illustrated in Figure 2) within which a dielectric coolant of modified viscosity is apt to circulate. Such conduits 511 are operationally coupled to the primary processors, primary random access memory cards, and primary graphics cards for the purpose of defining their cooling.

Such a primary cooling system is also provided with a 512 coolant circulation pump, a flow equalizer, and one or more heat exchange elements. The latter, in the form of embodiment illustrated therein, are defined by a plurality of heat exchange plates each respectively physically coupled to one of the primary processors, primary random access memory cards and primary graphics cards and each respectively in fluid connection with one of the conduits 511.

The secondary unit 20, illustratively and partially shown in Figure 3, includes at least a plurality of secondary graphics cards 120 suitable for computing for cryptocurrency mining and a secondary cooling system of the secondary unit 20 apt to cool said secondary graphics cards 120.

The secondary unit 20 is apt to decisively increase the computing power produced and, thus, the mining capacity of the machine 1 according to the present invention, so it uses a cooling system capable of protecting the integrity of its components and maintaining its performance.

The secondary cooling system is of the liquid cooling type comprising a dielectric coolant of modified viscosity. In this regard, the aforementioned secondary unit 20 includes a watertight enclosure 502 within which the secondary graphics cards 120 are housed. So, the coolant is arranged within the sealed container 502 in such a way as to define full immersion of the secondary graphics cards 120 within the dielectric coolant.

Full immersion avoids exposure of the computing components to dust, and atmospheric dusty impurities and unavoidable environmental aggressions with the possibility of oxidation or impairment of semiconductive attitudes and characteristics. Preferably, the secondary cooling system comprises one or more cooling elements 522, depicted in number of eight in Figures 4A-4C but equally possible in any number according to further and not illustrated forms of embodiment, arranged within the sealed container 502 and out of said dielectric coolant. Such cooling elements 522 are made by means of cooling tubes for condensing the vapor generated by evaporation of said dielectric coolant. Specifically, cooling elements 522 are made with a spiral structure consisting of micro-tube bundles made of highly conductive metallic material.

The application of total immersion in dielectric liquid and the presence of the 522 cooling elements also allows the cooling effects to be optimized by the convective cycle triggered during operation. With an optimization of the part of the surface involved in the heat transfer process, the hot parts of the computing principals of the secondary graphics cards 120 give up heat to the dielectric liquid, which begins to store thermal energy and to form a plurality of gaseous bubbles involved in a significant upward-oriented convective motion. Having finished their upward motion, the bubbles transit from the immersion liquid part to the atmospheric- gaseous part of the sealed 502 container in which the secondary 120 graphics boards are housed, thus saturating it with vapors, as shown in Figure 4C. The vapors then encounter the cooling elements 522 and upon contact with these realize a new physical change of state from gaseous to liquid by absorbing thermal energy and causing the creation of droplets that fall by gravity into the dielectric bath below. The cooler part of the liquid that has fallen back into the immersion bath forms the downward part of the convection current that will bring this heavier component back into contact with the hot surfaces of the computational components. This change-of-state process absorbs energy and assists the cooling system for radiant heat exchange between inside and outside. The dielectric immersion system not only achieves passive cooling that lowers the overall energy costs of machine 1 operation, but also optimizes its treated surfaces and functionally relates the immersion liquid volume and mass to the performance and characteristics of machine 1 itself Dielectric liquid immersion also performs a protective and custodial action against oxidation and contamination phenomena otherwise operated by the atmosphere and in particular by suspended dust.

Thus, the machine 1 according to the present invention is composed of two separate and complementary units 10, 20 preferably connected to each other by a specific multi-plug male-female quick wiring connection. Specifically, in the embodiment shown herein, the primary unit 10 is provided with one or more primary connection slots 151 and the secondary unit 20 is provided with one or more secondary connection slots 152. The secondary graphics cards 120 are operationally coupled to the secondary connection slot 152, and at the same time, the primary connection slot 151 is coupled to the secondary connection slot 152 to define the operational connection between the primary unit 10 and the secondary unit 20.

The machine 1 is preferably suitable to be powered by an uninterruptible power supply (not shown) arranged for the direct exploitation of energy produced from renewable and similar sources, mainly of photovoltaic origin. The uninterruptible power supply is structured on high-performance 20V batteries, also with backup function with coverage and reserve of power at least equal to the daily consumption developed by the machine 1 itself. The special conformation of the uninterruptible power supply block and its functional expansion has a very important purpose and that is to reduce the energy-consuming steps of voltage transformation and conformation thus making possible the electrical operation of the whole system with low-voltage direct current. This innovation significantly promotes the association of the entire cyber mining of new cryptocurrency with renewable energy sources rather than fossil resources by positioning self-consumption choices on the use of low-voltage direct current (DC) (20V ± 2V). This feature makes machine 1 a tool for lowering the payback time of renewable, and especially photovoltaic, production settlements by increasing the profitability of energy produced by self-consumption and cybernetic transformation into cryptocurrency values.

Primary unit 10 is apt to perform the processing and iterations for cryptocurrency mining and comprises a cryptocurrency mining processor program for mining one or more cryptocurrencies from a predefined selection of cryptocurrencies, wherein said mining processor program is operationally connected with a multi-currency electronic wallet for acquiring and/or converting said mined cryptocurrency.

The cryptocurrency extraction computer program is capable of defining the cryptocurrencies to be extracted from the predefined selection of cryptocurrencies according to the current course of the predefined selection of cryptocurrencies and the available computing capacity. Specifically, the computer program for extracting a cryptocurrency is preferably operationally connected with a multicurrency electronic wallet suitable for exchanging the extracted cryptocurrencies for non-extractable currencies using blockchain technology.

Therefore, primary unit 10 realizes the most complex and extensive part of the management functions. Such a unit 10 is complete with respect to the purposes of the invention, and is capable of operating all cyber mining functions. However, its flexibility and production qualities, although very high performance, are not able to develop enough value to compete industrially with ASICs, even though they are rigid and mono-extractive.

In this regard, secondary unit 20 is apt to increase the computational capacity of primary unit 10 for cryptocurrency mining depending on the cryptocurrencies to be mined.

Primary unit 10, in fact, is capable of performing cryptocurrency mining with both primary processor 210 and primary graphics cards 410, and is able to vary the portfolio of cryptocurrencies to be mined with remote management of both operating system software settings and settings that regulate speeds, frequencies, and any other physical details of the computing hardware components.

Exemplifying, it is possible to identify the values of the settings as follows, relating to the DRAM component of machine 1 and considered basic for the operational launch of machine 1 according to the present invention:

- CAS Latency 14-14-14-14-28

- Frequency 3400 Mhz

- Voltage 1,5 V

- tRFC 245

- tWR 10

- tWTR S 3

- tWTR L 9

- tRRD S 4

- tRRD L 4

- tRTP 8

- tFAW 16

- tCWL 12

- tCKE 1

Primary unit 10 turns on and starts up automatically with a simple press on a start button by loading programs and implementing instructions on the SSD board that also simultaneously activate the components that make up secondary unit 20.

Machine 1 activates its operating system, which in turn launches the extraction computer program (Hive-OS) that directly (Peer-to-Peer) or indirectly (Peer-to- Pool) works on solving the algorithms assigned by the cryptocurrency to be extracted in the time and maimer prescribed by the specific extraction protocol.

The fees extracted from the mining activity are automatically credited to the multicurrency electronic wallet (or electronic purses) prepared at time intervals that can be selected and ranging from 20 minutes to indefinite storage with the option of recall.

The fees are transferred to special positions set up on financial platforms operating in the cryptocurrency markets and traded according to opportunity and contingency criteria with others operating in the antagonistic Proof-of-Work or Proof-of-Stake 'mining' sector by acquiring additional value during the times of storage.

Through the use of blockchain technology systems, cryptographic financial values are transferred, or converted into legal tender, or used as payment through debit/prepaid cards capable of instantly converting stored credits into payment values in the specific currency of the desired economic transaction.

Multicurrency electronic wallets of mined cryptocurrencies are, therefore, linked with transfer and payment systems and financial platforms for intra-crypto (between one cryptocurrency and another) and extra-crypto (between cryptocurrencies and legal tender currencies) currency exchange. This linkage system makes it possible to access and use qualified financial services, which are necessary for the monetary and commercial use of realized cryptocurrencies. This function of the machine is important and represents the overcoming of the dichotomy between the two systems of new currency generation contemplated by the current dynamics of cryptocurrency development, dissemination and use, making both "Proof-of-Work" energy enhancement and "Proof-of-Stake" financial enhancement actions exploitable within one production process.

Here, then, is how the invention realizes for all intents and purposes a multiple and variable cryptocurrency generation machine capable of transforming energy into transferable, expendable and hoardable currency.

The power consumption of this setup and conformation is around 0.5 kWh calculated/measured under a domestic AC 220-240V power supply assumption. This electrical power sustains the operation of a hardware setup compatible with the assumed one. The realization system of the invention largely resorts to the market of spare components that must then undergo only modification and adaptation to the assembly/realization of the cybernetic machinery implying the thoughtful and targeted choice of operating system software, which influences with significant percentages the performance of machine 1 affecting about 20-25% of the result.

The computational capacity produced by machine 1 is certainly a significant magnitude in mining cybernetic tasks, and the invention's ability to produce computational power applicable to different algorithms allows it to operate with the flexibility that ASICs cannot structurally achieve. In Particular, the Invention is able to produce useful computing power for cybernetic extraction with both its CPU and GPUs.

The operational consequences of the cybernetic mining flexibility and redundancy of the machine 1 are manifold, producing new management options such as the possibility of directly solving entrusted algorithmic blocks or ceding computational power to collective groupings, according to technical and financial convenience as well as in dependence on contingent arrangements and performance.

One of the opportunities offered by machine 1 is the use of renewable energy sources alternative to hydrocarbons and in particular photovoltaic s: power supply from photovoltaic source allows not transforming electric current from direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC) and storing it in back-up batteries directly within the uninterruptible and rectifier unit.

The Uninterruptible Power Supply/Power Supply Block's operating options allow it to exclude direct connection from the grid, thus working mainly on battery backup: the flexibility of such a system directly powering the machine with DC at 20V allows, by way of example only, to purchase power from the grid at the time of lowest cost to employ it through battery storage during periods or times of highest cost, or to employ it directly from its generation in low voltage DC without the energy-intensive intervention of inverters, otherwise necessary.

Machine 1 mines in "Proof-of-Work" with both 32/64-partition CPUs (Processors) and 2 to 20 GPUs (Graphics Cards) increasing its productivity and, more importantly, mining flexibility that extends cybernated crypto currencies to a minimum number of two.

In order to sustain high rates of semiconductor operation and performance, the components and computing systems are all liquid-cooled, both in primary unit 10 and secondary unit 20, albeit with different modes and principles: with conduits and ducts aimed at heat exchange with radiant principals in primary unit 10 and by total immersion and prevalent heat absorption by change of physical state (liquid to gaseous and gaseous to liquid) during the convective cycle of secondary unit 20. The high cost of the constituent components of the machine 1 associated with the high risk of exposure to wear by oxidation, the polluting action of atmospheric dust was significantly limited with the watertight management of the circuits and processors realized by liquid cooling. To further enhance the protective capability of machine 1, insulating composite materials were used, within which a double Faraday cage was made of complementary materials such as copper and brass.

Machine 1 was built to be able to express maximum compatibility between the material (hardware) and immaterial (software) components and developed with criteria of immediacy and intuitive simplicity: for these reasons, the system and operational settings load automatically with the startup programs in a preordained and sequential maimer after the apparatus is turned on via in start button.

The setting of the cybernetic extraction activity management program has been programmed according to preordained profiles that act with automatic algorithmic interactions by aligning and harmonizing energy delivery with hardware speed, Web network connections, and interaction with "Peer-to-Pool" operators (in case the machine does not work directly in individual "Peer-to-Peer" extraction). Machine 1 according to the present invention allows to vary with simplified and intuitive command, even remotely, its working set-up i.e., the electrical power used, the fundamental setting of the hardware components, the cryptocurrencies to be mined and, thus, the respective cryptographic protocol algorithms.

In addition, machine 1 according to the present invention allows to vary with simplified and intuitive command, managed by specific application also remotely, the system of acquisition of the blocks to be cybemetically mined i.e. 'direct' (Peer- to-Peer) or 'mediated' (Peer-to-Pool), in this case with automatic search, selection and positioning suggested according to the general conditions of association.

The cryptocurrency mining machine according to the present invention is, therefore, capable of providing simple and secure handling of cryptocurrency mining with reduced production and installation cost.

In particular, the cryptocurrency mining machine according to the present invention enables low maintenance operation, where the most stressed components are preserved as much as possible, thereby avoiding damage that would make the machine less efficient.

Specifically, the multiple and variable crypto currency mining machine enables it to optimize its computational potential by involving all computing units in the overall cyber mining production, to increase its operational flexibility by complementarily and/or alternatively selecting a series of cryptocurrencies chosen according to their contingent market course, to decrease overall energy consumption with the dedicated introduction of a low voltage, direct current (DC - Direct Current) power supply/continuity unit supported by a sized renewable power generation apparatus, to access through blockchain technology to P2P (Peer-to-Peer: Equivalent Diffuse Networks) for cryptocurrency generation, to reduce interference from "electronic smog," to dissipate thermal excess compatibly with realization of maximum computing capacity of components subjected to overheating, to protect from the damaging action of atmospheric particles by cooling the main components by total immersion and thermal release at very high exchange surface area.

The primary unit realizes the systemic component, intensively processing management interactions subject to software interventions and functional setting settings while the secondary unit develops computing power in liquid environment and environmentally isolated conditions. Such a primary unit is a potentially autonomous and functionally complete apparatus of which the secondary unit represents an enhancement in terms of increasing the applied computational capacity and technological resources aimed at optimizing the result of cybernetic extraction, the durability and preservation in efficiency of the hardware and thus the overall improvement of its operating conditions.

Machine performance recovery also takes place after mining and acquisition in multi-currency electronic wallets of rewards by transferring and exchanging cryptocurrencies mined in PoW system with others that are not "minable" but offer PoS-type valorization processes. This further valorization activity is entrusted to systems with blockchain technology that are embodied in a software system of algorithmic-cybernetic automation of placements.

The machine according to the present invention introduces, with the principle of best possible performance, a cybernetic solution with high automation produced through the simultaneous application of a plurality of elements, in the following partially listed. Pre-modulated setting of the management system for automatic and immediate selection of cryptocurrencies to be mined.

Reduced power consumption with the application of low-voltage direct current (DC) power systems and the application of power-on-package (PoP) technologies in structural architecture and short path management for signals. Isolation networks for external interception and internal protection of machine electronic devices from environmental interference generally defined as "electromagnetic smog." Dual-system liquid-fluid cooling, closed-loop heat-exchange dissipation for service components to the primary unit (CPU and components placed on the mother-board) and by total immersion in dielectric liquid of the secondary unit components (GPUs), cooled by internal condensation cycle at physical state change. Connection and management with specific algorithm of cryptocurrency stocks generated by the activity of the machine by enlarging its production cycle with recourse to value creation also from "Proof of Stake" systems.

The cryptocurrency mining machine according to the present invention represents, therefore, a domestic 'cyber mining' product potentially usable and exploitable in a widespread and simplified way, in contrast to the machines existing today that develop rigid functional characteristics related to an ASICs-type mining logic, aimed at a professional user, bearer of specific notions and information, and with a high expenditure of energy acquired from 220-240V AC network.