Technical Field

The invention relates to metallic dampers used in the steel construction industry.

The invention particularly relates to metallic dampers used as energy dampers in frame system reinforced concrete structures and steel structures.

Background

Multi-story steel structures are commonly built nowadays. As the height of the structures increases, it becomes essential to ensure their stability against lateral loads such as earthquakes in addition to their load-bearing capacity. In Turkey and around the world, concrete shear walls are commonly used for lateral load-bearing systems in reinforced concrete buildings, while steel cross-bracing is the preferred choice for steel buildings. However, the problem of buckling in steel cross-bracing reduces the energy dissipation capacity of structures, causes unstable cyclic behavior, and fails to provide the required benefit. Moreover, concrete shear walls and steel cross-bracing create issues in areas where windows and other openings need to be placed as they divide the frame spacing.

A structure designed to be earthquake-resistant must exhibit sufficient structural performance under dynamic external effects such as earthquakes, which depends on the energy consumption capacity of the horizontal load-bearing elements. The earthquake force that will affect the structure is limited by increasing the flexibility of the load-bearing elements and allowing for the formation of plastic hinges, thereby ensuring energy consumption. Innovative structural control systems are also used to improve the seismic performance of structures. The impact of these systems on structural behavior is to control the energy that arises from earthquakes, wind, and other dynamic external effects by damping it through certain added elements and reducing damage to the main load-bearing elements. A patent application with the title "Steel corner brace with high-strength energy absorption function" with application number CN113107251 has been developed to solve some of the problems mentioned above. In this invention, a steel corner brace with high-strength energy absorption function has been proposed. The steel corner brace comprises a steel frame beam, columns, a corner brace body with buckling prevention function, and an energy-dissipating connection beam. The beam is bolted to the columns, and the energy-dissipating connection beam is connected between the columns. The buckling prevention function of the corner brace body is connected to an area near a beam-column connection by bolts, and reinforcement beams are arranged in the grids corresponding to the positions of the beams and columns. An anti-seismic component can play a supporting role in normal use. The integrity of the building structure is improved, and elasticity is preserved. Under the influence of an earthquake, the functions are played in stages, and the energy loss connection beam always absorbs the earthquake energy through plastic deformation, while the corner brace body is deformed to different degrees under small, medium, and large earthquakes. The earthquake energy is absorbed, and the impact of earthquakes on a building structure is reduced. Under a large earthquake, the corner brace body is fully deformed to distribute the energy and completely consume the impact energy of the earthquake on the key parts of a building. The anti-seismic performance of a used house is improved, and rapid assembly is ensured. However, the invention is not effective for the structure that will allow effective use of frame openings in buildings. Therefore, problems may occur in areas where window or other openings need to be left.

The invention discussed in the patent application CN202202443U relates to an anti-seismic structure designed to enhance the anti-seismic property of a steel frame, particularly one with an energy consumption corner. The anti-seismic structure comprises a frame beam and a frame column, with an energy consumption corner plate connecting the frame beam and the frame column at one node. The contact surfaces between the energy consumption corner plate, frame beam, and frame column are fixedly joined through connection plates. The anti- seismic structure contributes to the flexible arrangement and construction of a filled wall in a frame structure area. When no earthquakes or infrequent earthquakes occur, the energy consumption corner performs the function of a common corner brace to protect the node. Under rare earthquake conditions, the beam and column rotate significantly, and the energy consumption corner plate continually absorbs energy through its consumption plate efficiency and is consumed through its tensile and compressive efficiency. The effect of supporting the beam and protecting the column and node is not lost, ensuring the safety of the node and preventing damage to it. This way, earthquake disasters are reduced. However, the invention can experience buckling problems, which could prevent it from achieving the desired benefits.

In conclusion, the inadequacy of existing structures has made it necessary to develop a new innovation in the relevant technical field.

Brief Description of the Invention

The present invention relates to metallic dampers used as energy dampers in frame system reinforced concrete structures and steel structures.

The main purpose of the invention is to provide a metallic damper that reduces the damage in the main load-bearing columns and beams in frame system reinforced concrete structures and steel structures by damping the energy generated by earthquakes, winds and other dynamic external effects.

Another object of the invention is to provide a metallic damper that allows effective use of frame voids in buildings.

Another objective of the invention is to provide a metallic damper that eliminates buckling problems and does not reduce the energy dissipation capacity of the structures.

The features and advantages of the invention should be clearly understood by referring to the figures provided below and the detailed descriptions provided in the references to these figures. Any evaluations should be made by taking into account the explanations and figures provided. List of Figures

Figure 1 . General view of the metallic damper

Figure2. General view of the inner plate of the metallic damper

Figure3. Dismantled view of the metallic damper

Figure4. General view of the flow plate

Figures. Metallic damper’s column-beam connection

Reference numbers given in the figures

1 . Metallic Damper

10 Outer Main Plate

11 Flange Edge

12 Curved Edge

13 Void Section

20 Inner Plate

21 Flange Edge

22 Curved Edge

23 Void Section

30 Column Connection Plate

40 Beam Connection Plate

50 Flow Profile

51 First Nodal Point

52 Second Nodal Point

53 Central Body

54 Flange Edge

Detailed Description of the Invention

The invention is a metallic damper used as an energy dissipation system in frame systems of reinforced concrete structures and steel structures, which reduces damage in the main load-bearing columns and beams by damping the energy generated by seismic, wind, and other dynamic external effects. Mentioned the metallic damper (10) comprises; • At least one outer main plate (10) that defines a curved edge in form positioned at the joint points of columns and beams and providing a connection with the column,

• At least one inner plate (20) positioned between at least two outer main plates (10) and providing the construction to be connected with the beam,

• at least one flow profile (50) positioned between the inner plate (20) and the outer main plate (10) for damping the energy under loads applied to the column and beam,

• and at least one nodal point (51) defined on the flow profile (50) to allow for flexion and energy dissipation of the column and beam under load.

Figure 1 illustrates the general appearance of the metallic damper (1). The metallic damper (1) is generally created by positioning two outer main plates (10) side by side and placing an inner plate (20) between them. The outer main plate (10) is structured preferably in a quarter-circle form with a curved edge (12) for it to gain strength under load. The curved edge (12) extends along the column and beam between the column and beam connection points. The outer main plate (10) is connected to the column through a column connection plate (30). The column connection plate (30) is a square plate attached to the column using mounting holes. The outer main plate (10) is connected to the column through four mounting holes located on the column connection plate (30). A flange edge (11) of the outer main plate (10) is connected to the column connection plate (30).

In Figure-2, the general view of the inner plate (20) of the metallic damper (1) is given. The inner plate (20) positioned between the two outer main plate (10) is preferably configured in a quarter-circle form so that the curved edge (22) is defined in a geometric shape similar to the outer main plate (10). The beam connection of the inner plate (20) is made with a beam connection plate (40). The inner plate (20) is connected to the beam connection plate (40) by the flange edge (21). The beam connection plate (40) is a square plate that is connected to the beam via the mounting holes on it. The connection of the inner plate (20) to the beam is provided by preferably four mounting holes on the beam connection plate (40). The inner plate (20) is connected to the beam connection plate (40) with a flange edge (21). According to Figure 3, the flow profiles (50) providing energy dissipation are placed between the inner plate (20) and the outer main plate (10). The flow profiles (50) are positioned between the inner plate (20) and the outer main plate (10) in an amount that can meet the displacement demand. In the invention, preferably seven flow profiles (50) are used, but the number of the flow profiles (50) can be less or more in alternative embodiments of the invention. The void sections (13) are defined on the outer main plate (10) for the connection of the flow profiles (50) to the outer main plate (10). The flow profiles (50) are mounted on these void sections (13) on the outer main plate (10). Similarly, the void sections (23) are defined on the inner plate (20) for the connection of the flow profiles (50) to the inner plate (20). Flow plates are placed in these void sections (23) on the inner plate (20).

The general view of the flow profiles (50) is given in Figure 4. The flow profiles (50) comprise two nodal points, the first nodal point (51) and the second nodal point (52). The first nodal point (51) and the second nodal point (52) allow the column and beam to flex under load and absorb the energy. Columns and beams move relative to each other as much as the flow plates placed between the outer main plate (10) and the inner plate (20) allow. Thus, the energy coming into the system due to horizontal load such as an earthquake is damped without damaging the carrier systems. A central body 53 is defined in the region between first nodal point (51) and the second nodal point (52). The flow profiles (50) are in a bow-tie-like shape with this structure. The central body (53) is placed in the void sections (23) on the inner plate (20). The connection of the flow profiles (50) to the outer main plate (10) is made with the flange edge (54). The flange edge (54) is the two end edges of the flow profiles (50). The flange edges (54) are located on the void sections (13) on the outer main plate (10).

In Figure 5, the view of the connection of the invention to the column and beam is given. Accordingly, in the light of what has been described above, the application of the invention is carried out as follows. The invention is mounted to the column with the column connection plate (30) and to the beam with the beam connection plate (40). This connection process is provided with the mounting holes on the column connection plate (30) and the mounting holes on the beam connection plate (40). Necessary connection operations can be provided from these parts. In the event of a load on the column and beam during earthquakes, the loads are absorbed by the stretching of the yield profiles (50) from first nodal point (51) and the second nodal point (52).

As a result, with the invention, the earthquake effect will be damped and the formation of solid structures will be ensured in reinforced concrete frame system carrier structures and steel structures.