DAMPING ELEMENT USED IN MEDIUM AND HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHING

CELLS WITH METAL HOUSING FOR PREVENTING OR REDUCING EXPLOSION

SHOCK

Technical Field

The invention relates to the damping element used to prevent or reduce the shock of arc-based explosions in medium and high-voltage switching cells with segmented metal housing .

State of the Art

Medium and high voltage switching cells with metal housing can implement any switching system by combining partitions in accordance with current requirement s . Thanks to it s reduced dimensions , it finds use in fixed and mobile , underground trans former centers and trans former kiosks in the building . It s modular des ign is the ideal solution for renovating or expanding existing transmis sion and distribution centers .

Thanks to the modular structure and variety of types , the desired configurations can be easily achieved with the mid and high-voltage switching cells with metal housing . It is pos sible to change the configuration and add or cancel cells according to the subsequent needs . The compartment s of the cells can be replaced with compartment s of the same size that perform dif ferent functions . The power connection between the modular bulkheads is provided via the main bus ses .

Metal-clad cells , which are safer in terms of medium voltage control and human health, are superior to other facilities in terms of use and hazards . It ensures controlled and safe use of medium voltage . There is no complex and hazardous environment like the previous outdoor switching and control unit s . Therefore , by increasing operational safety, both the energy continuity was ensured and the damage to the health of the operator was prevented . These cells have made their use more comfortable and safer by isolating the energy from the out side environment . It is always a sought-after feature that these cells , which are preferred for the insulation of systems and devices used in medium and high-voltage energy generation, transmis sion, and distribution, create a reliable working environment .

The formation of the structure in compartment s may ensure that the hazard element s that may occur in one of the compartment s of the cell are partially or completely isolated in the compartment s . For example , since the arc formed in short circuit s consist s of total structure partitions , the spread of the ef fect to other part s can be prevented .

Medium and high-voltage switching cells with metal housing are designed to reduce or eliminate the amount of explosion or damage to peripheral devices in the event of internal arcing . Metal cells are separated by metal partitions , increasing the safety capability of the structure .

Medium and high voltage switching cells with metal housing can be operated as gas-insulated or air insulated . SF 6 gas can be used within gas-insulated cells .

Gas-insulated cells can be produced in smaller size s due to these advantages . The arc extinguishing feature of the gas allows the ef fect of arc-based explosions to be reduced or prevented . However, different measures will have to be taken to reduce the explosion effect in air-insulated metal-clad cells. For example, air-insulated metal-clad cells can be equipped with an arc discharge channel. The arc discharge channels are intended to discharge the pressure generated by the explosion, preferably in the cavities in the upper part of the cell.

However, such arc discharge channels may cause the total size of the medium and high voltage switching cells with metal housing to increase.

Again, it is necessary to create certain safety cavities around the medium and high-voltage switching cells with metal housing in order to prevent people in the vicinity from being harmed in the event of an explosion. When positioning, it will be necessary to apply according to these safety cavities.

For example, a certain cavity should be created in the upper part of the metal-clad cell for the pressure that may occur after a possible explosion. This cavity must be large enough to allow the pressure to discharge. During the positioning of these cells, the application will have to be made, for example, by attaching importance to this upper cavity.

Since medium and high voltage switching cells with metal housing are switching systems intended for use in buildings such as hospitals, shopping malls, military facilities, airports, etc., enlarging the dimensions of the total structure created and enlarging the cavity required for positioning will be disadvantageous in terms of application. In order to provide such application areas, necessary measures will have to be taken during the construction of the building.

Patent application TR 2018/09241 discloses the 36 KV breaker compartment structure in metal-clad cells . The application refers to the breaker compartment door that prevent s the breaker compartment door from opening and dislodging easily in unwanted situations and prevent s in juries to people working in front of the cell and allows the breaker to be directed easily with the buttons on the breaker compartment door .

Patent application TR 2018 / 0 9241 discloses the structure that allows the observation of the arcs that may occur and the closing of the breaker in pos sible cases rather than reducing the ef fect s of the explosion as a result of the arc .

Problems to Be Solved by the Invention

The invention relates to a damping element used to prevent the shock of arc-based explosions that may occur in medium and high-voltage switchgear with segmented metal housings .

In this way, most of the pres sure and pres sure-based ef fect s that occur as a result of arc-based explosion can be absorbed within the cell . In particular, people around the cell can be prevented from being damaged by explosions within the cell .

Especially in air-insulated cells , the size of the damping cells to be created could be reduced . In this way, it is pos sible to use smaller cells for the same proces s volume . Especially when the cells are positioned in the buildings , a significant advantage can be provided as the required height decreases .

With the embodiment of the invention, the air-insulated cells can be reduced to the advantageous dimensions of the gas- insulated cells . Considering the production and operating cost s of gas-insulated cells , the fact that an air-insulated cell has the same size advantage will have a significant impact in terms of cost .

Thanks to the invention, at least one damping element is positioned within at least one of the cells. In this way, the pressure of the explosion created inside will be reduced within the damping element and its reflection outside the cell will be minimized.

Description of the Figures

Figure 1. The sectional view of the metal clad cell with modular metal housing (State of the Art) ,

Figure 2. The sectional view of the metal clad cell with modular metal housing with damping element,

Description of References in Figures

1. Breaker compartment

2. Cable compartment

3. Bus compartment

4. Arc discharge compartment

5. Damping element

5.1. Damping primary element

5.2. Damping secondary element

Description of the Invention

The invention relates to medium and high-voltage switching cells with a segmented metal housing having one or more of the breaker compartment (1) , bus compartment (3) , cable compartment (2) , and arc discharge compartment (4) in its structure . The said mid and high-voltage switching cell with segmented metal housing comprises the following in its structure:

• at least two damping primary elements (5.1) in a symmetrical and identical structure inclined towards the possible explosion area,

• and in at least one of the compartments (1,2, 3, 4) , at least one damping element (5) ,

• composed of at least two damping secondary elements (5.2) of symmetrical and identical construction, designed longer than the damping primary element (5.1) , positioned further away from the potential blast area than the damping primary element (5.1) , inclined towards the potential blast area, positioned opposite each other.

The use of at least one damping element (5) may be sufficient to prevent the shock of arc-based explosions that may occur within the medium and high-voltage switching cells with metal housing .

According to Figure 2, the medium and high voltage switching cell with metal housing comprises three damping elements (5) in total. These damping elements (5) are formed in the upper part of the breaker compartment (1) , the upper part of the cable compartment (2) , and the arc discharge compartment (4) .

Two of the three damping elements (5) are positioned in the compartments (1,2) where there may be a possible arc explosion. The other damping element (5) is formed within the arc discharge compartment (4) . This damping element (5) is related to the bus compartment (3) . In this way, all possible explosions that may occur within the total structure of the medium and high voltage switching cell with a metal housing will be absorbed.

According to Figure 2, two damping elements (5) are formed side by side in the arc discharge compartment (3) and the upper part of the cable compartment (2) , and a single damping element (5) is formed in the upper part of the breaker compartment (1) .

According to Figure 2, each damping element (5) is composed of the following:

• the first row consisting of two damping primary elements (5.1) in the symmetrical structure positioned mutually,

• the second row, consisting of two damping secondary elements (5.2) symmetrically positioned opposite each other, following the first row and relatively further away from the potential explosion area,

• the third row consisting of two symmetrical mutually positioned damping primary elements (5.1) following the second row and relatively further away from the potential explosion area,

• the fourth row consisting of two damping secondary elements (5.2) symmetrically positioned opposite each other following the third row and relatively farther away from the potential explosion area.

This embodiment consists of a total of two damping primary elements (5.1) and two damping secondary elements (5.2) arranged one after the other.

The two damping secondary elements (5.2) of the second row and the fourth row are of the identical structure according to the preferred embodiment of the invention. Again, according to the preferred embodiment of the invention, the first row and the third row have the same structure as the two damping primary elements (5.1) .

According to Figure 2, the rows of the damping primary element (5.1) and the rows of the damping secondary element (5.2) within the damping element (5) are arranged parallel to each other.

In order to extinguish the pressure that will occur after the explosion according to the preferred embodiment of the invention, a cavity is formed between the relatively shorter damping primary elements (5.1) and the wall of the cell where they are located, and the damping secondary elements (5.2) are brought closer to the cell wall without leaving a cavity between the cell walls or in a way that the cavity is smaller .

In this way, as shown in Figure 2, each damping element (5) aims to dampen the pressure wave by passing through certain parts of it and not passing through certain parts of it, or by directing it less. The arrows shown in Figure 2 show the pressure-shock waves formed during the explosion.

Figure 1 shows the medium and high voltage switching cell with modular metal housing without a damping element (5) . The arrows presented in this drawing act directly out of the cell without encountering any obstacle.

In order for a medium and high voltage switching cell with an air-insulated metal housing in the structure shown in Figure 1 to be positioned in a structure with the necessary safety measures, a cavity of approximately 2 meters should be left between the structural ceiling and the medium and high voltage switching cell with metal housing. The pressure resulting from the explosion can only be damped in this way without harming the environment . At this distance, there is a serious need for space especially for buildings with classic ceiling openings such as hospitals and shopping centers .

The embodiment , which is equipped with the damping elements ( 5 ) shown in Figure 2 , can be easily operated with a ceiling opening of approximately 60 cm . With the use of damping elements ( 5 ) , the dimensions of medium and high-voltage switching cells with air-insulated metal housing can be reduced to the length of gas-insulated systems .

Both the reduction of the cell size and the ability to be operated with the need for less ceiling cavity allow the medium and high voltage switching cells with air-insulated metal housing to be easily positioned in each structure (without the need to create a special area) .

This will be advantageous as devices with higher processing capability can be smaller in size .