The invention relates to the field of special electrometallurgy and can be used for obtaining of multilayer heterogeneous and homogeneous ingots by electrocinder smelting of consumable electrodes.

Heterogeneous ingots consist of separate layers of metal having different composition that allows to use such the ingots for obtaining of constructional materials with various properties. Development of the devices for obtaining of heterogeneous ingots by electrocinder smelting of consumable electrodes is a promising direction in the metallurgy field.

The device [1] for electrocinder smelting of ingots is known containing two columns on which the vertical movement of the carriages with the consumable electrodes feeding mechanism is effected as well as the mould with the individual electromechanical drives. The device contains the cooling manifold, and two single-phase transformers are used as a power supply [1].

The disadvantage of this device is low quality of the obtained ingots with high ripple of characteristics concerning the whole ingot volume that is the result of disruption of stability of the weld layer of the ingot at the beginning and final stages of the process.

The device [2] for electrocinder smelting of ingots is known containing the column with the consumable electrodes feeding mechanism, a former, a cooling manifold and a power supply. At that, the column is executed in the view of a telescopic hydro-plunger and the consumable electrodes feeding mechanism is disposed on the upper section of the telescopic hydro-plunger. The electrode is turned to the position over the melting pot or mould by the mechanism drive and lowered before the start of the process of electrocinder smelting due to the hydraulic system operation. Due to turning of the electrode holder with the electrode smelting can be effected in several positions.

The disadvantage of this device is low quality of the obtained ingots, replacement of the heterogeneous electrodes is effected in the area of formation of the main ingot that leads to the temporary disruption of the electrocinder process and, as a result, worsening of conditions of the ingot formation and of its quality as well as low operational characteristics and safety of the device usage.

The purpose of the invention is providing of the device for electrocinder smelting of ingots wherein by means of improvement of the construction improvement of the quality of the smelted ingots, enhancement of smelting, improvement of the exploitation characteristics and of the device usage safety are achieved.

The indicated purpose is achieved by that in the known device for electrocinder smelting of ingots including the column with the consumable electrodes feeding mechanism, the former, the cooling manifold, the power supply according to the present invention the consumable electrodes feeding mechanism contains the electrode holder executed with the possibility of oscillation of the consumable electrodes in relation to the cross section of the smelting, the former contains the lodgment, the mould and the stood, at that, the lodgment is made of the metal plate with the smelting window the overall dimensions of which are equal to the overall dimensions of the smelted ingot, and additional containers disposed before and after the smelting window, at that the tap holes are disposed behind the mentioned additional containers, and the side surfaces of the additional containers distant from the smelting window of the lodgment are executed at the preset angle cr to the corresponding tap holes, the lodgment contains the guides for longitudinal movement of the lodgment in relation to the mould, at that, the mould is made from the metal plate and contains the smelting window the perimeter of which is equal to the perimeter of the additional container of the lodgment, the stood is executed with the possibility of the vertical movement and disposed in the smelting window of the lodgment, the inclination mechanism on the frame of which the former is disposed executed with the possibility of longitudinal movement on the frame guides, at that, the inclination mechanism frame contains the bearers and is executed with the possibility of inclination of the former and the mould in regard to the horizontal position at the angle a to one or another side, and on the frame bearers the facility is disposed which fixes the position of the mould in regard to the consumable electrodes.

At that, the device contains two columns connected with each other by the mobile and stationary traverses.

Besides, the electrode holder is executed with the possibility of vertical movement on the column guides, and the oscillations of the consumable electrodes in regard to the cross section of the smelting are effected by means of the crank mechanism disposed on the mobile traverse.

It is preferable that the facility fixing the position of the mould in regard to the consumable electrodes is executed in the view of the corbels fixed on the upper plane of the bearers of the inclination mechanism into the grooves of which the cylindrical spines with the mould thimbles enter.

It is preferable that the lodgment plate and the mould plate are made of copper. Besides, the device contains the container for waste slag.

It is expedient that the edges of the long sides of the lodgment are provided with the rollers of rolling motion with the bearing ribs and plane guides.

The presence of the electrode holder in the consumable electrodes feeding mechanism which is executed with the possibility of oscillation of the consumable electrodes in regard to the cross section of the smelting provides aligning of the depth of the metal bath in the cross section of fusing that allows to improve the quality of the heterogeneous ingot in the fusing process and also provides uniform smelting across the ingot width.

Execution of the lodgment from the metal plate with the smelting window disposed in the middle part of the lodgment with the overall dimensions equal to the overall dimensions of the smelted ingot provides the uniform smelting across the ingot width.

At that, due to the presence of the additional containers disposed before and after the smelting window the separation of the metal and slag baths in these additional containers is provided that allows to distinguish fusing of the metal layers and obtain even edges of the smelted layer of the ingot in the smelting window and thus to improve the ingot quality.

The presence of the tap holes disposed behind the additional containers allows to provide tapping of the slag after fusing of each metal layer that improves the technological process as the possibility of hardening of the slag and the necessity of its removal by mechanical way are eliminated and also the risk of seizure of movement of the mould in regard to the former is eliminated and the safety of the electrode replacement without the time limit is provided.

Execution of the side surfaces of the additional containers distal from the smelting window of the lodgment at the preset angle a to the corresponding tap hole allows after smelting of each metal layer to conduct the full tapping of the slag with the metal through the corresponding tap holes that improves the technological process and prevents seizure of the cooling slag bath and also provides the safety of replacement of the electrodes without the time limits.

At that the slag is tapped into the containers for the waste slag that provides the safety and processibillity.

The presence in the lodgment of the guides for longitudinal movement of the lodgment in regard to the mould allows to achieve the required movement of the lodgment and precise separation of the area of the start of the smelting process and the area of the process normalization that favours formation of the clear line of smelting of heterogeneous layers of the weld metal in the area of the electrode replacement.

Execution of the mould from the metal plate with the smelting window the perimeter of which is equal to the perimeter of the additional container of the lodgment allows to start the smelting process of each layer in one of the additional containers which closes the smelting space of the mould that provides the uniform fusing of the metal layer and allows to improve the quality of the heterogeneous ingot in the fusing process.

Execution of the stood with the possibility of the vertical movement and its disposal in the smelting window of the lodgment allows to lower the stood by the value equal to the height of fusing of each subsequent metal layer that improves the technological process and allows to create the multilayer ingot.

The presence of the inclination mechanism on the frame of which the former is disposed allows to conduct the fusing process of each layer at the preset angle of smelting.

At that, execution of the former on the frame of the inclination mechanism with the possibility of longitudinal movement on the guides of the frame allows to move the lodgment in regard to the smelting point and to start the fusing process of each layer in one of the additional containers beyond the cavity of the ingot formation with the subsequent movement of the slag bath into the cavity of the ingot formation that improves the ingot quality.

The presence of the bearers of the inclination mechanism frame and its execution with the possibility of the inclination of the former and the mould in regard to the horizontal position at the angle a to one or another side allows to conduct the fusing process of each layer at the preset angle of smelting. At that, fusing of each subsequent layer of the ingot is conducted in the direction opposite to the direction of the previous layer with turning of the former in the end positions at the preset inclination angle a. At that, the change of smelting inclination angle to the opposite and the canting speed do not influence the ingot formation.

The presence on the frame bearers of the facility fixing the mould position in regard to the consumable electrodes allows to provide the preset position of the electrodes in regard to the mould smelting window at the change of the inclination angle and longitudinal movement of the lodgment in the smelting process.

Execution of the facility fixing the mould position in regard to the consumable electrodes in the view of the corbels fixed on the upper plane of the bearers of the inclination mechanism frame into the grooves of which the cylindrical spines with the mould thimbles enter provides reliable fixation of the mould at exposure of significant thermal and mechanical loadings.

The usage in the device of two columns connected with each other by the mobile and stationary traverses provides the uniform load distribution and improves the device reliability, steadiness and safety in the exploitation process.

Execution of the electrode holder with the possibility of the vertical movement on the column guides provides feeding of the electrodes into the smelting window of the mould with the speed equal to the fusing speed of the ingot layer.

At that, the presence of the crank mechanism disposed on the mobile traverse provides oscillations of the consumable electrodes in regard to the cross section of smelting and also aligning of the depth of the metal bath and uniform smelting across the ingot width that creates the optimal conditions for the high quality uniform smelting. Execution of the lodgment plate and the mould plate from copper allows to improve heat-removal and to increase the operational life of the former.

The presence of the container for the waste slag allows to conduct free tapping of the waste slag and the metal from the smelting window of the mould and the additional container through the tap holes without using of additional means and interruption of the process that allows to improve the processability and to provide its safety.

The presence of the rollers of rolling motion with the bearing ribs and plane guides on the edges of the lodgment long sides allows to reliably fix the former at longitudinal movements along the frame and change of the inclination angle in the different regimes of smelting.

The essence of the invention of the device for electrocinder smelting of ingots is explained in the drawings wherein the following is schematically represented:

Fig. 1 - side view of the device for electrocinder smelting of ingots;

Fig. 2 - front view of the device for electrocinder smelting of ingots;

Fig. 3 - initial position of the main assembly units of the device for electrocinder smelting of ingots before the start of smelting;

Fig. 4 - side view of the former of the device for electrocinder smelting of ingots; Fig. 5 - top view of the former of the device for electrocinder smelting of ingots.

The device for electrocinder smelting of ingots contains two columns (1) with the consumable electrodes feeding mechanism installed on the foundation plate. At the upper part both of the columns are connected by the stationary traverse (2). The mobile traverse (3) with the electrode holder (4) of the consumable electrodes (5) is disposed on the columns (1) with the possibility of vertical movement. At that, the electrode holder (4) with the consumable electrodes (5) is connected to the power supply source (7) by means of flexible cables (6). The mobile traverse (3) contains the crank mechanism (8) for providing oscillations of the electrode holder (4) with the consumable electrodes (5) along the width of the fused metal layer. The oscillatory amplitude of the consumable electrodes (5) is equal or exceeds the distance between the edges of the consumable electrodes (5). The device is provided with the cooling manifold (9) as it is shown on Fig. 1.

The device contains the former which includes such the main facilities as the lodgment (10), the mould (11) and the stood (12).

The lodgment (10) is made, for example, from the copper plate of rectangular form with the smelting window (13) disposed in the middle part of the lodgment (10), at that, the overall dimensions of the smelting window are equal to the overall dimensions of the smelted ingot (as it is shown on Fig. 5).

On the lodgment before and after the smelting window (13) there are the additional containers (L) and (R) behind which the corresponding tap holes (14) and (15) are disposed. At that, the side surfaces (16) and (17) of the additional containers (L) and (R) distal from the smelting window (13) of the lodgment (10) are executed at the preset angle a to the corresponding tap holes (14) and (15).

Under the indicated tap holes (14) and (15) there is the container (18) for the waste slag installed on the geared trolley (19) as it is shown on Fig. 2.

Over the lodgment (10) there is the mould (11) which is made, for example, from the copper plate of rectangular form and contains the smelting window (20) the perimeter of which is equal to the perimeter of one of the additional containers (L) or (R) of the lodgment.

At that, the lodgment (10) contains the guides (21) for longitudinal movement of the lodgment (10) in regard to the mould (11) as it is shown on Fig. 5.

In the smelting window (13) of the lodgment (10) there is the stood (12) made, for example, from the copper and executed with the possibility of vertical movement as it is shown on Fig. 4. At that, the edges of the long sides of the lodgment (10) are provided with the rollers (22) of rolling motion with the bearing ribs and plane guides (21) which provide fixation of the former at longitudinal movements along the frame (23) and change of the inclination angle in the different regimes of smelting.

The device contains the inclination mechanism on the frame (23) of which the former is disposed. At that, the middle part of the frame (23) rests upon the bearers (24) with the bearing assemblies (not shown). The frame (23) is executed with the possibility of movement on the preset angle in the vertical plane under the influence of the drive (25).

On the frame (23) there is the former with the lodgment (10) executed with the possibility of the longitudinal movement on the frame guides (not shown). At that, the frame (23) of the inclination mechanism is executed with the possibility of inclination of the former with the lodgment (10) in regard to the horizontal position at the angle a to one or another side with the help of the drive (25). On the upper planes of the bearers (23) there is the facility (26) (as it is shown on Fig. 2) fixing the position of the mould (11 ) in regard to the consumable electrodes (5). At that, the facility (26) is executed, for example, in the view of the corbels into the grooves of which the cylindrical spines with the mould thimbles enter (not shown).

The device for electrocinder smelting of ingots operates the following way.

The device contains two columns (1) which are connected by the stationary traverse (2) in the upper part. On the columns (1 ) there is the mobile traverse (3) with the possibility of the vertical movement with the holder (4) on which the consumable electrodes (5) of the preset parameters are installed. The electrodes (5) are connected by means of the flexible cables (6) to the power supply source (7). The device is connected to the cooling manifold (9).

With the help of the inclination mechanism which is executed in the view of the frame (23) the axes of which are disposed in the bearing assemblies (24) of the bearers with the possibility of oscillation in the vertical plane by the drive (25), the frame (23) with the lodgment (10) are inclined to the right on the preset angle a required for smelting. At that, the edges of the long sides of the lodgment (10) provided with the rollers of rolling motion (22) with the bearing ribs and the plane guides (21) provide fixation of the former at longitudinal movements along the frame (23) at the time of smelting and change of the inclination angle in the different regimes of smelting.

At that, the facility (26) executed in the view of corbels fixed on the upper plane of the bearers (24) of the frame (23) of the inclination mechanism into the grooves of which the cylindrical spines with the mould thimbles enter, fixes the mould (11 ) position in regard to the consumable electrodes (5) and provides the preset position of the electrodes (5) in regard to the smelting window (20) of the mould (11) at the change of the inclination angle and longitudinal movement of the lodgment (10) in the process of smelting.

Further the former with the lodgment (10) are moved along the frame (23) till matching of the smelting window (20) of the mould (11) and the smelting window of the additional container (R), at that the tap holes (15) of the lodgment (10) are closed. The mobile traverse (3) with the consumable electrodes (5) is in the end upper position, at that the ends of the consumable electrodes (5) are in the smelting window of the additional container (R) matched with the smelting window (20) of the mould (11 ).

The stood (12) is adjusted according to the thickness of the fused layer, the power is supplied from the power source (7) to the consumable electrodes (5), the cooling manifold (9) is turned on for supplying water to the water cooled units of the device. At that, the crank mechanism (8) installed on the mobile traverse (3) creates oscillations of the consumable electrodes (5) along the width of the fused metal layer. The oscillation amplitude of the consumable electrodes (5) is equal or exceeds the distance between the edges of the consumable electrodes (5). At that the oscillation speed of the consumable electrodes (5) is equal to the fusing speed. The initial position of the device assembly units before the smelting start is shown on Fig. 3. Further the molten slag 13 melted in the lined ladle on the flux smelting furnace is filled in by one of the known methods (not shown).

The smelting process begins in the additional container (R) of the lodgment (10) and is transferred by the movement of the lodgment on the guides (21) in regard to the mould (11) to the surface of the stood (12) and the smelting of the metal layer is continued in the smelting space of the window (13) of the lodgment (10) in the automatic regime.

The smelting of the metal layer finishes when the smelting window (20) of the mould (11 ) matches with the smelting window of the opposite additional container (L) on the lodgment (10) separating the metal and slag baths from the surface of the fused layer.

The former with the lodgment (10) are transferred to the horizontal position, the stood (12) with the fused metal layer is lowered to the height of fusing of the next layer and the frame (23) is inclined to the opposite side at the preset angle a.

The lodgment (10) of the former is moved by means of the guides (21) to the end left position from the smelting window (13). At that the tap holes (14) open for tapping of the waste slag and the slag tapping is conducted from the smelting window (20) of the mould (11) and additional container (L) into the container (18) for the waste slag disposed on the geared trolley (19).

At that the inclination angle of the side surface (16) of the additional container (L) distal from the smelting window (13) of the lodgment (10) at the angle to the corresponding tap holes (14) is 2a that provides the full tapping of the slag with metal through the corresponding tap holes, improves the technological process and prevents seizure of the cooling slag bath. After tapping of the metal and slag through the tap holes (14) the replacement of the consumable electrodes (5) is effected over the additional container (L) that increases the safety of the electrode replacement process implementation. For that the consumable electrode stubs (5) are removed from the mobile traverse (3) and the new consumable electrodes (5) are installed.

Then the lodgment (10) is moved till matching of the surface of the additional container (L) with the smelting window (20) of the mould (11), at that the tap holes (15) are closed by the forming surface of the mould (11), at that the frame (23) with the lodgment (10) are inclined to the left on the preset angle a required for smelting.

The electrodes (5) are lowered into the smelting window (20) of the mould (11 ) at the preset value, the slag is filled in and the smelting process starts. Initially the process takes place in the additional container (L) with subsequent transfer of smelting into the smelting window (13) of the lodgment (10).

Smelting of the metal layer finishes when the smelting window (20) of the mould (11) matches with the smelting window of the opposite additional container (R) on the lodgment (10) separating the metal and slag baths from the surface of the fused layer.

The former with the lodgment (10) are transferred to the horizontal position, the stood (12) with the fused metal layer is lowered at the height of fusing of the next layer and the frame (23) is inclined to the opposite side on the preset angle a.

The lodgment (10) of the former is moved with the help of the guides (21) to the end right position from the smelting window (13). At that the tap holes (15) open for tapping of the waste slag and the slag tapping is effected from the smelting window (20) of the mould (11) and additional container (R) into the container (18) for the waste slag disposed on the geared trolley (19). At that the inclination angle of the side surface (17) of the additional container (R) distal from the smelting window (13) of the lodgment (10) to the corresponding tap holes (15) is 2a that provides full tapping of slag with metal through the corresponding tap holes, improves the technological process and prevents seizure of the cooling slag bath.

After the metal and slag tapping through the tap holes (15) the replacement of the electrodes (5) is effected over the additional container (R) that increases the safety of conducting the process of the electrode replacement. For that the consumable electrode stubs (5) are removed from the mobile traverse (3) and the new electrodes (5) are installed.

The amount of the operations described above is equal to the amount of the fused layers of heterogeneous or homogeneous ingots-slabs.

After finishing of the ingot smelting the former with the lodgment (10) are transferred to the horizontal position and the slab is removed from the smelting space with its subsequent removal by the special pickup device.

Fusing of the subsequent layers of the ingot is effected analogously to the first two layers till obtaining the preset overall thickness of the ingot.

The obtained ingots are substantially defectless, have maximum output of the proper product as they do not have the head and bottom parts. Also the ingots do not require mechanical treatment before cogging.

The proposed device allows to obtain high quality multilayer heterogeneous ingots of any compositions as well as multilayer homogeneous ingots.

Thus, the proposed technical solution allows to improve the quality of smelted ingots, expand technological capabilities of smelting, improve exploitation characteristics and safety of usage of the device. REFERENCE SOURCES Electroslag remelting furnaces edited by B.E. Paton, B.L Medovar. Kiev: Naukova dumka, 1976, p. 238-239. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2424337, IPC ⁶ C22B 9/187, 1972, publ. 20.07.2011.