AREA

The present invention concerns a device at frameworks for shelf systems and a stud, the cross sec¬ tion of which has such a shape that the stud becomes a great resistance against buckling at compressive forces in the longitudinal direction of the stud. On the same time the stud is designed in a way which makes it simple • to connect diagonal bracings and cross bracings, brac¬ kets, jointing irons, reinforcement irons and stud foo¬ tings to the stud by means of friction jointings in a way that these do not impede each other at common brackets. BACKGROUND TECHNICS The device intended here consists of studs which are connected two by two by means of diagonal cross bra¬ cings into flat, vertical frameworks, and the flat frame¬ works then are connected by means of particularly brac¬ kets into shelves upon which different loads will be placed. Also cross- and diagonal bracings can be found between the flat frameworks at the back sides of the shelves in order to stay the space framework constituted. The studs mainly are subjected to compressive forces but of course other forces can occur in the device as the serving of these shelves in most cases is made by diffe¬ rent lifting devices, which can affect the device in a mostly undesirably way.

The attachement of different parts (bracings etc.) is most preferable made by bolt joints at prebored holes in symmetric rows in the webs and flanges of the bar.

These shelf structures shall be simple to mount and change and cheap to manufacture. In order to well utilize the material in the studs and bracings etc. all connected parts shall be possible to connect at one and the same bracket without impeding and preferably by fric¬ tion jointings in order to lower tnε length of buckling

preferably at the studs.

Another important point of view to observe is that the compressive forces at the studs are greatest at the bottom and declining upwards, and the jointing of the studs not only need to be done because of an eventual -li¬ mited length of the same but also because of a wanted de¬ clining thickness of material in the same.

From e.g. the British patent publication 2.084.450, the Norwegian publication 156 354 and the US patent publication 3.664.513 studs and shelf systems with studs with a C-shaped cross section are known. However this section is not advantageous at compressive forces in the longitudinal direction of the section. The actual part of the section at which buckling is starting is si- tuated at the two opposite flanges with unstaged edges situated far away from the balance line of the section. A C-profile if possible never shall be used at studs sub¬ jected to compressive forces in there longitudinal direc¬ tion. Other drawbacks also can be mentioned. At solutions according to the British patent publication mentioned above e.g. diagonal and cross bracings and jointing irons can not meet at the same bolt hole, which weakens the structure by a not ideal arrangement of the diagonal bra¬ cings. However this is possible to do at solutions accor- ding to the Norwegian patent publication, but otherwise the solution with locking of diagonal- and cross bracings by a line contact against the open flanges at the out- sides of the bracings is not desirable from the view of buckling of the flanges, and the weakenings caused by the proposed solutions of the ends of the diagonal bracings, will not become a support from the outside necessary. This solution for the ends of the diagonal bracings, which according to the Norwegian patent publication seems to be necessary for two cross bracings to be met in the same attachement bolt, undoubtedly must cause twisting forces in the studs, which in its turn magnifies the risk for a collapse in the same. In no part cf the structures

mentioned above friction jointings between bracings and studs have been created such that a shortening of the buckling length can be achieved. THE INVENTION Surprisingly it has now been shown that frame¬ works for shelf systems can be designed in that way that the drawbacks mentioned above can be eliminated at known structures. The device and section, here called -sec¬ tion, at the stud will be closer described below, in the patent claims enclosed and by help of drawings attached, on which: figure 1 shows the SI -stud in a perspective view, figure 2 and 3 show drafts for shaping of the end parts of cross- and diagonal bracings in a perspective view, figure 4 shows an intersection on the -Ω. -stud between two diagonal braces in a perspective view, and figure 5 also shows an intersection on the -Ω--stud bet¬ ween a diagonal bracing and a jointing part i a cross section (the end surfaces of the stud and the jointing part has been indicated with sloping lines in order to make the figure clear). CLOSER DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The cross section of the proposed stud 1 can be compared to the Greek character - . and the section there- fore is called Si.-section here. It is constituted by:

A. a flat front flange 2, extending along the full width of the section 1. Preferably it is mainly flat and provided with prebored holes 11, in most cases ar¬ ranged in two rows between each other for attachement of brackets upon which loads can rest. However grooves can be rolled in the front flange 2 to reduce the risk for buckling and collapse of the stud 1. Mainly the stud is manufactured by roller shaping from metal strips. During the last years the technics for roller shaping have been strongly developed and is no more dependent of simple shapes on bars and studs.

B. two symmetrically arranged wees 3, starting

with a flat first web part 4, extending at a right angle from the edges of the front flange 2. The width.of this first web part 4 is dimensioned in the- way that the at¬ tachement of diagonal bracings 13 and 14, cross bracings and jointing parts 15, etc. will be placed as close to the balance line A-A of the S -section as possible (the balance line has been marked with a dotted line of figure 1). This attachement will be closer described below. The first web part 4 then is changing over in the second web part 5, which is directed to the center of the _-T- -sec¬ tion. The width of the second web part 5 is dimensioned in that way that the shortest distance between the two webs 3 mainly is the same as the greatest width of the diagonal bracings 13, 14. The shape of this second web part 5 preferably is formed regarding the head of the bolt joint 12, in that way that the bolt joint does not rotate at mounting of the diagonal bra-cings etc. and does not project from the flat surface of the first web pant 4 regarding the risk for accidents. The arrangement and the purpose of the bolt joint 12 will be described below. A third web part 6 is complete flat and a continuation of the second web part 5. The two third web parts 6 on each side of the Sc -section are paralell to each other and the surfaces also are in a right angle to the front flange 2. Diagonal bracings 13 and 14, jointing irons 15, etc. are attached to this web part and the attachement preferably is made with a bolt joint 12 extending through prebored holes 11. Regarding the strength the attachement will be placed as close to the balance line A-A of the £2.-section as possible. In order to create a strong friction join¬ ting and also to support the tongues 16 at the ends of the diagonal bracings 14, the connection surfaces shall be as wide as possible, why the third web part 6 shall be comparatively wide. C. a back flange 7 in which the third part 6 of the web 3 is turning over. A first flat flange part 8 is directed out from the third web part 6 and preferably

paralell to the front flange 2, as it is desired' to be¬ come a flat surface for an eventual attachement of bra¬ cings etc. This flat flange part 8 is turning over in a flange part 9 folded back against the center of the SI-section, which flange part 9 is ended closed to the balance line of the SI -section and in the same plane as the first web part 4. A back folding 10 of the free end surface is made to prevent accidents.

The stud 1 described has compared with the C-section much greater resistance against buckling and collaps at compressive forces in its longitudinal direc¬ tion, particularly depending on the complete different design of the two open flanges. Besides the two flanges 3 are tending to draw nearer to each other at tractive for- ces in the diagonal bracings 13, 14 and cross bracings, which further strengthens the force taking-up effect of the friction jointing and the attachement of these bra¬ cings. As a section in the diagonal- and cross bracings 13, 14 etc. preferably a C-section is used where the width corresponds to the shortest distance between the two webs 3 of the SI -section. These bracings 13, 14, as well as jointing irons 15 and brackets for stud footings, jointing irons etc., are located between the two webs 3 and connected with bolt joints 12 into a friction join- ting close to the balance line A-A of the S2. -section. In order to attach two diagonal bracings 13, 14 at the same bolt joint 12, parts of the flanges are removed in the ends of one of the diagonal bracings 14, in the way that two tongues 16 are constituted. The diagonal bracing 14 and the tongues 16 are located next to the inner sides of the web 3 and within this one the second diagonal bracing 13 is put in. The ends of this diagonal bracing 13 in¬ stead has a compression 17 of about the thickness of two tongues 16. When screwing home the bolt joint 12 through the webs 3 and the diagonal bracings 13, big contact surfaces will be reached giving a strong friction join¬ ting and moreover making an exellent support for the

tongues 16. As mentioned above the compressive force will be increased at traction forces in the diagonal bracing's 13, 14. If jointing irons 15 also will be connected by the same bolt joint 12 the compression 17 will be made bigger in order that these jointing irons 15 can be lo- cacted e.g. between the two diagonal bracings 13, 14 (figure 5).