FIELD OF APPLICATION

[1] The current patent comes to be the invention of the preparation process for the dispersion of homopolymer of vinyl chloride with high content of free hydroxyl as adhesive where it is used an homopolymer of vinyl chloride of high molecular weight which reacts with a vegetable plasticizer, polyarilic glycolic triester based, biodegradable and non-toxic, in order to reach a certain content of free hydroxyl controlled by the balance of a vegetable ethoxylate surfactant, thus providing, an extreme adherence over different polymeric substrates, or not, due to the high intermolecular forces 'Van Der Wools' which indicate the dimension of the action on the surface.

FOU NDATIONS OF TH E TECH NIQU E

[2] It is known that plastisol consists of a suspension of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) particles - in a plasticizer, a solution that flows like a liquid and can be poured to a heated mold; when heat to around 177 degrees Celsius, the plastic and plasticizer get dissolved in each other. When cooling the mold to 60 degrees Celsius, the result is a flexible product, plasticized permanently.

[3] Mentioning plastisol, as well, it is normally used as a textile dye for printing screen and, as a coating, particularly in external applications, such as roofs, furniture and dip-coating.

[4] For serigraphy, plastisol is commonly used in the dyes to print drawings on clothes, and they are particularly useful to print opaque graphs on dark cloth.

[5] These plastisol dyes must be cured by heating at a temperature around 180 degrees Celsius for the complete cure.

[6] The contact adhesives, as well, known as sensitive to pressure are based on the medium acidification in order to have an excess of free hydroxyl and under the heating action to transform this adherence permanently. [7] Such permanent adhesives are specific to substrates and they do not retrieve the adherence force under the action of pressure.

ANALYSIS OF THE STATE OF THE ART

[8] In a survey performed in specialized database, documents relative to adhesive preparation processes were found, such as the documents # US 20080293854 and US 4525234 which present a (Poly) Methacrylate based adhesives to meet the expectation of the acrylic chain action over the homopolymer in order to allow a contact action over the substrate. Thus, the stabilizers in plastisol balance the action of the intermolecular forces by controlling its attraction to the substrate plastisol, besides the necessary presence of the adherence promoters, which in addition to the environmental issues, acts on specific substrates.

[9] Document # PI 0705826-8 refers to the process to attain the dispersion of PVC/plastisol resin with expander agent; dispersion of PVC/plastisol resin with expander agent; solid artifact including expanded plastic PVC, use of sodium bicarbonate and/or ammonium bicarbonate in the preparation of a dispersion of PVC/plastisol resin. A practical, viable and inventive solution for the utilization of expander chemical agents in plastisol and, in special, for the problem of the utilization of the expander agent with toxic characteristics or potentially toxic. The use of the expander agent proposed does not present toxic effect and it can be used even in food sealants or even in contact with food. The process to attain the dispersion of PVC/plastisol resin is from a mixture containing, as expander agent, sodium bicarbonate or ammonium bicarbonate with a specific granulometry which assures enough convenience in processes such as rotomolding, dipping, deposition, spreading and spray besides assuring the final effect desired through the perfect control of the expansion uniformity on the final product.

[10] Document # US2011111238 refers to plastisols which, even without the addition of adherence promoters, show high adherence to metal and substrates coated by deposition/cathodically. Such process generates a system of multiple adherences through the control of the attraction forces by the action of isocyanates, which compels the action of groups for the action of urethane as an agent of attraction to the substrate, as well as its compatibility in the formation of plastisol. The action is not environmental, as well as, the odor is stressed by the action of the isocyonates.

[11] Document # US4613639 foresees that plastisols and organosols are based on a mixture of synthetic resin finely divided with a plasticizer and they may or may not contain additional pigments, fillers, volatile organic solvents and other auxiliaries; they are prepared by a process in which a protection or emulsifying inert or reactive colloid, or a mixture of them, is added to a dispersion of synthetic resin finely divided into a plasticizing agent, the dispersion, as such, does not have a long expiration date at room temperature.

[12] Document # US5714030 foresees and adhesive composition of plastisol type used to bond an archiver paper and end covers of an element of fuel filter for the filtration of fuel mixture of gas and methanol. The adhesive composition includes a polymer (polymer and/or copolymer of vinyl chloride) in a quantity of 100 parts, in weight, a filler in amount ranging from 50 to 250 parts per weight, of a plasticizing agent, in an amount ranging from 50 to 250 parts per weight, and phenolic resin, as an agent that provides adhesiveness, in an amount ranging from 0.5 to 20 parts.

[13] It is confirmed that documents US4613639 and US5714030 present the concept of multiple adhesion, but both worry, specifically, about the longevity of plastisol, as well as, the formation of two layers using the action of attraction to the substrate linked to the use of methacrylates and vinyl copolymers.

INVENTION OBJECTIVES

[14] Aiming to present improvements to the consuming market, the applicant developed a preparation process of dispersion of homopolymer of vinyl chloride with high content of free hydroxyl as adhesive. [15] In the current invention the PVC homopolymer is mixed to a plasticizer in order not only to reduce its viscosity, as well as, to fulfill the properties of tear resistance, by avoiding the migration on the substrate surface, resisting to high temperatures, reaching a transparent film, as well as, allowing an ionic exchange between the PVC and the plasticizer creating an excess of free hydroxyl under the action of anti-statics and stabilizers balancing this exchange and, consequently, creating a field of attraction enough for a continuous adherence.

[16] The plasticizer used in this patent has attention, specifically, to the fact of being biodegradable, non-toxic, from renewable source able to dissolve/mix the PVC homopolymer, as well as, to prove the formation of an electronic layer properly proved through tests and trials via potentiometer and electric current.

[17] This condition is only possible when the balance through the pH of the constant medium and of the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance reaching total stability in relation to the continuous flow of the intermolecular forces between the plastisol and substrate.

[18] The concept presented by acrylic contact adhesives is based on this interaction acting on the formation of 'crosslinking' with the microspheres and its dilution is in solvent medium.

[19] The hydrophilic-lipophilic provides extreme adherence force and cohesion to the homopolymer, allowing the action of an electrostatic force.

[20] The current invention allows, with or without the use of attraction metals, that different substrates leave the adherence state several times and return without losing the thermodynamic properties.

[21] The description of the formation of free hydroxyl occurs through 'Van Der Waals' mechanism having an excess of hydroxyl in the formation of stabilized plastisol and control by the pH, HLB mixture, reaction temperature of the formation of plastisol and its excess at the action on the substrate. [22] The risk to which the system is exposed to be the formation of water molecules, lack of control of pH and HLB, such factors are essential to the film formation, its resistance, its degree of attraction and its temperature control.

[23] The current invention is based on the formation of transparent film on the polymeric substrate or not, natural or not, aiming that the plastisol gets balanced, acts electronically and has continuous adherence action when removed from its contact.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[24] Concerning the drawings illustrated, the current invention patent refers to a "PREPARATION PROCESS FOR THE DISPERSION OF HOMOPOLYMER OF VINYL CHLORIDE WITH HIGH CONTENT OF FREE HYDROXYL AS ADHESIVE".

[25] According to the current invention, the preparation process for the dispersion of homopolymer of vinyl chloride with high content of free hydroxyl as adhesive uses an homopolymer of vinyl chloride of high molecular weight which reacts with a vegetable plasticizer, polyarilic glycolic triester based, biodegradable and non-toxic, in order to reach a certain content of free hydroxyl controlled by the balance of a vegetable ethoxylate surfactant thus providing an extreme adherence over different polymeric substrates, or not, due to the high intermolecular forces 'Van Der Wools' which indicate the dimension of the action on the surface.

[26] For the preparation of the dispersion the following components are necessary:

i) PVC homopolymer with K in the range from 65 to 75. 25 to 35 parts; ii) Ethoxylate fatty alcohol - number of mo.ls from 10 to 40 mols, 40 to 50 parts;

iii) Ecologic plasticizer 10 to 20 parts;

iv) Stabilizer 1 to 2 parts.

[27] The preparation foresees the following stages:

a) Incorporation of plasticizer on the homopolymer; b) Incorporation of the anti-static obtaining an homogeneous solution by keeping the PH in the range from 6 to 8;

c) Then, the stabilizer reaches an HLB 8-10.

[28] Such dispersion can be applied to different substrates, such as:

- Vinyl laminates

It is incorporated 90 g of dispersion on a liner of the polyester type with a surface treated with mold release in. order to be presented flat and with no form of dirtiness. The caliber of this application varies from 2 to 24. Through the process called spreading or calendering, the temperature is kept between 160 and 200°C with a speed from 30 to 60 m/min reaching a solid, transparent and bright mixture under the form of a film. This film produced by the dispersion through the transference by pressure is applied on the vinyl substrate. The film thickness may vary from 12 to 100 microns. The liner is not considered. The end product obtained includes vinyl substrate with a transparent film on its surface with highest adherence ability due to its high electronic level of attraction.

- Polyester substrate

It is incorporated 90 g of dispersion on a liner of the polyester type with a surface treated with mold release in order to be presented flat and with no form of dirtiness. The caliber of this application varies from 2 to 24. Through the process called spreading or calendering, the temperature is kept between 160 ⁹ and 200°C with a speed from 30 to 60 m/min reaching a solid, transparent and bright mixture under the form of a film. This film produced by the dispersion through the transference by pressure is applied on the polyester substrate.

- High/low grammage paper substrate

It is incorporated 90 g of dispersion on a liner of the polyester type with a surface treated with mold release in order to be presented completely flat and with no form of dirtiness. The caliber of this application varies from 2 to 24. Through the process called spreading or calendering, the temperature is kept between 160 and 200°C with a speed from 30 to 60 m/min reaching a solid, transparent and bright mixture under the form of a film. This film produced by the dispersion through the transference by pressure is applied on the substrate of paper with grammage between 60 - 240 grams.

- Natural cloth or mixed fiber substrate

It is incorporated 90 g of dispersion on a liner of the polyester type with a surface treated with mold release in order to be presented completely flat and with no form of dirtiness. The caliber of this application varies from 2 to 24. Through the process called spreading or calendering, the temperature is kept between 160 and 200°C with a speed from 30 to 60 m/min reaching a solid, transparent and bright mixture under the form of a film. This film produced by the dispersion through the transference by pressure is applied on the cloth substrate.

- Polyethylene substrate

It is incorporated 90 g of dispersion on a liner of the polyester type with a surface treated with mold release in order to be presented completely flat and with no form of dirtiness. The caliber of this application varies from 2 to 24. Through the process called spreading or calendering, the temperature is kept between 160 and 200°C with a speed from 30 to 60m/min reaching a solid, transparent and bright mixture under the form of a film. This film produced by the dispersion through the transference by pressure is applied on the polyethylene substrate.

- Polypropylene substrate

It is incorporated 90 g of dispersion on a liner of the polyester type with a surface treated with mold release in order to be presented completely flat and with no form of dirtiness. The caliber of this application varies from 12 to 100. Through the process called spreading or calendering, the temperature is kept between 160 and 200°C with a speed from 30 to 60 m/min reaching a solid, transparent and bright mixture under the form of a film. This film produced by the dispersion through the transference by pressure is applied on the polypropylene substrate generating a solidified mixture.

- Aramid substrate

It is incorporated 90 g of dispersion on a liner of the polyester type with a surface treated with mold release in order to be presented completely flat and with no form of dirtiness. The caliber of this application varies from 2 to 24. Through the process called spreading or calendering, the temperature is kept between 160 and 200°C with a speed from 30 to 60 m/min reaching a solid, transparent and bright mixture under the form of a film. This film produced by the dispersion through the transference by pressure is applied on the aramid substrate.

- High density polyethylene substrate

It is incorporated 90 g of dispersion on a liner of the polyester type with a surface treated with mold release in order to be presented completely flat and with no form of dirtiness. The caliber of this application varies from 2 to 24. Through the process called spreading or calendering, the temperature is kept between 160 and 200 ^e C with a speed from 30 to 60 m/min reaching a solid, transparent and bright mixture under the form of a film. This film produced by the dispersion through the transference by pressure is applied on the high density polyethylene substrate.

[29] For sure when the current invention is put into practice, modifications may be introduced concerning certain details of construction and form, without implying keeping away from the fundamental principles which are clearly substantiated in the set of claims, being understood that the terminology used was not intended for limitation.