PELLETS, AND BEE POLLEN

Technical field

The invention is attributed to the field of bulk food drying machinery, and may be used in drying facilities of bee bread and pollen pellets, as well as a variety of agricultural products, such as various fruits, vegetables, mushrooms.

Technical level

There is a known multi-layer drying chamber with a lid, having ventilation units and comprised of a perforated transverse diaphragm and a valve to maintain relation with the atmosphere, fitted in the lid box. Removable mesh trays and a series of removable infrared emitters with a ceramic film are mounted in each stage of the carcass, the distance between them being 2.3 and 2.5 times less than the step height. An additional mesh tray is symmetrically equipped in each step above the infrared emitters. The perforated transverse diaphragm is equipped on the bottom of the chamber and is in contact with the outer cover with the heater, the fan and the air filter mounted in series (see RU patent No 2255485, A23B7/02, 2005).

This type of device is expensive and has a complex design. In this device, all warm air flow is discharged through the valve outside, resulting in an increased energy consumption.

There is a known ambrosia drying equipment consisting of a drying tunnel with an electric heater and a fan mounted in the air flow channel, and the temperature sensor, where the drying channel has at least one air duct connected to the drying tunnel output at the input, and at the drying channel input at the output, creating the counter air flow, two fans which create atmospheric air flow, a humidity sensor and an electronic control unit which is connected to the humidity sensor and the sensor. Airflow in the duct outlet is distributed with the help of the additional partition (see RU patent No 2 275 563, F26B 3/04, 2006).

This type of drying equipment has a complex design, it has two fans, i.e. for ventilation and convection, which consume a lot of energy, and it's control system is complex. Essence of the invention

The aim of the invention is simplifying the design and reducing the drying energy cost and improving the dried product quality.

The aim of the invention is achieved in that the drying cabinet for bulk foods, including bee bread pellets, and bee pollen, consisting of the drying chamber with the door and perforated drawers inside, the heating element, the fan and the ductwork, the collection manifold and distribution manifold are mounted near the front and the rear wall of the chamber, a slot type partition with gradually decreasing slots mounted across the entire length of perforated drawers, and a horizontal partition on the bottom of the drawer, with a filter attached to it at a right angle and the fresh air inlet and wet air exhaust vent mounted on the bottom lower part of the drying chamber with the connected discharge channel, which are separated by the air flow separation edge and with the fan fitted next to them, which at one end is attached to the back of the lower drying chamber wall, and on the other end to the horizontal partition separating the perforated drawers from the fan and connected to the heater.

Also, the fresh air inlet and the wet air exhaust vents of the drying chamber of bulk food products, including bee bread and the pollen pellets, are arranged symmetrically and are perpendicular to the rear lower wall of the drying chamber and the rotation direction of the fan, and one of the edges of the horizontal partition has an side that is perpendicular to the direction of fresh air flow.

Brief description of the drawings

The invention is explained in the drawings.

Fig. 1 shows the cross-section of the drying cabinet for bulk foods, including bee bread pellets, and bee pollen.

Fig. 2 shows the cross-section A-A.

The drying chamber of bulk food products, including bee bread and the pollen pellets, consists of a drying chamber 1 , with the door on one side 2, and perforated drawers 3 and air ducts 4 between them mounted inside of it. The horizontal partition 5 is mounted in the bottom of the drawers 3. The filter 6 is mounted on one end of the horizontal partition. The other end of the horizontal partition 5 has the edge 7. The fan 8 at one end is attached to the partition 4, and at the other end - to the lower rear wall of the drying chamber 1. The heating element 9 is connected to the fan 8. The lower rear wall of the drying chamber 1 is equipped with the flow separation edge 10, with fresh air inlet 1 1 on one side, it's inlet 12 direction and the resulting low pressure area 13, and wet air vent hole 14 on the other side with the surplus pressure zone 15 and its exhaust direction 16. The wet air vent channel 17 is connected to the wet air exhaust opening 14. The fresh air inlet 1 1 and the wet air vent opening 14 are arranged symmetrically and are perpendicular to the lower rear wall of the drying chamber 1 and the direction of rotation axis of the fan 8. The air distribution manifold 18 and the air collection manifold 19 are equipped inside the drying chamber 1 , and the slit type partition 20 is mounted across the entire length of the drawer 3 with gradually decreasing slots.

Realisation of invention

The device operates as follows.

Products for drying are loaded to the drawers. The door 2 of the drying chamber 1 is tightly closed. The fan 7 and the heating unit 8 are turned on. Because of the air flow inertia, the fan 7 takes fresh air through the fresh air inlet 14, which enters the low- pressure suction zone 15 is heated by the heater 8. This heated air, advancing upwards is distributed by the air distribution manifold 18 and through the air ducts 4 is split between drawers 3, pulling moisture of the dried products. Air collected by the air collection manifold 17 descends down, forming the excess pressure zone 1 1 at the opening 10 and is discharged outside through the exhaust channel 13. In this way, air depression is created at the flow separation edge 9 located at the rear lower wall of the drying chamber 1 , on one of its sides where the fan blades are approaching the opening 10, forming a low-pressure air zone 15, and on the other side where the fan blades are moving away from the opening 13, an air excess is formed, with the excess pressure air pressure area 1 1. All this, without additional measures, only using the dynamic air traffic flow component, ensures a constant intake of fresh air into the chamber 1 and removal of humid air from it. It has been found experimentally that up to 30 per cent of the circulating air flow is removed within 1 hour, which is sufficient for smooth product drying, while saving energy. Industrial applicability

Compared with the prototype, the new design of constructive elements is simpler, all working cavity geometric shapes are very simple and straightforward. The moving parts can be easily dismantled and cleaned, they are safe, reduce the amount of damaged and shredded bee bread pellets while increasing their yield and improving quality. This results in simpler design and reduction of drying energy along with improvement of the drying product quality.