ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

Description

Field of the art

The present invention operates in the context of transformation of a primary source of energy into electrical energy, starting from a magnet moving within an electric field. Prior art

The production of electrical energy occurs via energy conversion, starting from a primary source through the power stations. In 1870, the coupling of the dynamo with the hydraulic turbine initiated the commercial production of electrical energy. The first thermoelectric power station began operation in New York in 1882 in order to supply the first public lighting grid. Previously, the only way to produce electrical energy was from chemical reactions, i.e. by means of pile batteries.

Most of the electricity production techniques are based on the use of pressurized steam, in which the pressurized water is heated to very high temperatures due to the use of a primary energy source; the steam is conveyed towards the rotary machines termed steam turbines, in which the steam is expanded, converting its enthalpy content into mechanical energy. Alternators are connected to the rotation shaft of such turbines; such alternators convert the mechanical energy of rotations into electrical energy. The use of a steam turbine coupled with an alternator is common for the production of electrical energy from turbogas, nuclear, thermodynamic solar and geothermal sources. Turbine - alternator combinations are also common for the production from wind and hydroelectric sources, while only the photovoltaic and the use of hydrogen in fuel cells does not involve rotary parts.

Object of the present invention is to propose a device for producing electrical energy by exploiting, as primary energy source, the electromagnetic induction of a magnet that rotates within an electric field. Such system is optimized by the capacity to exploit the rotational inertial of the magnet, the elastic energy of the cables which support it and by the reduction of friction.

Such object is obtained by means of the characteristics described in claim 1, and other versions of the invention are provided in the dependent claims.

Description of the invention

According to the present invention, an electromagnetic induction device is attained that is adapted to transform kinetic energy into electrical energy.

Advantageously, said device exploits the rotation of at least one rotor 100 constituted by a magnetic cylinder delimited by an upper surface 110, a lower surface 130 and a lateral surface 120 perpendicular to said upper 110 and lower 130 surface. The upper surface 110 of said rotor 100 is connected to a fixed point 500 by means of at least one pair of cables 400- 401 which are advantageously flexible and inextensible. Analogously, the lower surface 130 of said rotor 100 is connected to a movement means 300 by means of at least one pair of lower cables 410-411 which have the same flexibility and inextensibility advantage.

Advantageously, said movement means 300 is adapted to complete a linear reciprocating motion along the direction 350 perpendicular to the upper 110 and lower 130 surfaces of said rotor 100.

After an initial thrust imparted to said rotor 100 in a direction 150 tangent to the lateral surface 120, said magnetic rotor 100 starts to rotate on itself in direction 150, accumulating a given inertia that ensures the motion will continue even after the initial thrust has ceased. As a consequence of the rotation of the rotor 100, said pair of upper cables 400-401 and said pair of lower cables 410-411 are advantageously adapted to be twisted on themselves and one around the other accompanied by the upward movement of the movement means 300.

Advantageously, said movement means 300 has a maximum upward travel corresponding to a specific tension given by the twisting of the cables; this in order to ensure an optimal twisting state of said pairs of cables 400-401, 410-411. Once the maximum upward travel has been reached, said movement means 300 reverses its motion in the direction 350, descending downward. As a consequence thereof, due to the elastic energy of said pairs of cables 400-401, 410-411, which tend to return to the initial configuration lacking torsional state, the unrolling of the two pairs of upper 400-401 and lower 410-411 cables is advantageously caused.

Advantageously, said movement means 300 has a maximum downward travel corresponding to zero tension of the pairs of cables 400-401, 410-411 in unrolled configuration.

Advantageously, following the descent of the movement means 300 and the unrolling of the cables 400-401, 410-411, the rotor 100 reverses the rotation direction 150, such that it is now in the direction opposite the preceding, and starts to accumulate a given inertia.

Due to the rotational inertia of the rotor 100, when the two pairs of upper 400-401 and lower 410-411 cables are completely unrolled, the motion of the rotor 100 continues, causing a new twisting state of the cables 400-410, 410-411, advantageously accompanied by the upward movement of the movement means 300.

Advantageously, the motion of the magnetic rotor 100 occurs within an electric field given by the presence of at least one pair of electric coils 200-201 connected to an electrical user 250 by means of common electrical cables 220. As result of the rotation of the magnetic rotor 100 within the electric field, the electrical user 250 receives electrical energy: the work of the movement means 300 and the elastic energy of the pairs of cables 400-401, 410-411 have been transformed into the kinetic energy of the rotor 100, which in turn has been transformed into electrical energy due to the magnetic nature of the rotor 100 and due to the presence of an electric field given by the electric coils 200-201.

One of the main advantages of the present invention consists of the considerable reduction of the friction that is opposed to the motion of the rotor 100. Another advantage is the possibility to exploit as energy source also the rotational inertia of the rotor 100, which once again causes the rolling up of the pairs of cables 400-401, 410-411 after these have been completely unrolled, giving rise to a new rotation and counter-rotation cycle of the rotor 100. Advantageously, the movement means 300, with its travel along the direction 350, has the object of ensuring the continuity of the motion of the rotor 100.

Advantageously, the initial thrust to be imparted to said rotor 100 in order to initiate the motion can be entrusted to a mechanical movement means.

Advantageously, said pairs of upper 400-401 and lower 410-411 cables can be constituted by a single cable, flexible and inextensible, whose middle point is connected respectively to the fixed point 500 and to the movement means 300 and whose ends are respectively connected to the upper surface 110 and to the lower surface 130 of the rotor 100.

Advantageously, said electrical user 250 can be a common electrical accumulator.

Advantageously, said device can also be constituted by a second magnetic rotor 101, with size and weight equal to that of said first rotor 100, whose pair of upper cables 420-421 is connected to the same movement means 300 connected to the lower cables 410-411 of the first rotor 100, and whose pair of lower cables 430-431 is connected to a fixed point 510 different from the fixed point 500 connected to the pair of upper cables 400-401 of the first rotor 100, but said second fixed point 510 being aligned with the direction of the motion 350 of the movement means 300. In this manner, the rotation of the first rotor 100 along the direction 150 corresponds with the rotation of the second rotor 101 in the opposite direction 151 and the movement means 300, placed midway between the two rotors 100, 101, can ensure the preservation of the motion of both said rotors 100, 101.

Advantageously, in the possible above-described embodiment, two mechanical start means can be provided, one for each rotor 100, 101.

Analogously, in any version of the device described by the present invention, mechanical stop means can also be provided, one for each rotor 100, 101, adapted to block, also simultaneously, the motion of the relative rotors 100, 101.

Advantageously, devices can be made that are provided with more than one pair of electromagnetic coils 200-201, 210-211, all connected to the same electrical user 250 or also connected to a plurality of users 250, 251.

Advantageously, it is also possible to connect each pair of cables 400-401, 410-411, 420- 421, 430-431 to a relative movement means 300, eliminating the fixed points 500, 510, in a manner such that the movement means 300 relative to the same rotor 100, 101 complete the linear reciprocating motion in a direction opposite each other.

Advantageously, independent of the embodiment of the device of the present invention, the turns of the electric coils 200-201 must be arranged perpendicular to the magnetic field of the rotor 100.

Description of the figures

The invention will be described hereinbelow in at least one preferred exemplifying and non- limiting embodiment, with the aid of the enclosed figures, in which:

- FIGURE 1 shows the static configuration of the device in which the stopped magnetic rotor 100 is seen, constituted by the upper surface 110, by the lateral surface 120 and by the lower surface 130, the pair of upper cables 400-401 connected to the fixed point 500 and the pair of lower cables 410-411 connected to the movement means 300; on the sides of this system, the two electric coils 200-201 are represented, connected by means of electrical cables 220 to the electrical user 250 which, in this case, is turned off.

- FIGURE 2 shows the same device in operation, in which one sees the magnetic rotor 100, constituted by the upper surface 110, by the lateral surface 120 and by the lower surface 130, which rotates in the direction of the arrow 150; one sees the pair of upper cables 400-401 connected to the fixed point 500 and the pair of lower cables 410-411 connected to the movement means 300, which are in a twisting state and said movement means 300 is moved upward along the direction indicated by the arrow 350; on the sides of this system, the two electric coils 200-201 are represented, connected by means of electrical cables 220 to the electrical user 250 which, in this case, is turned on.

- FIGURE 3 illustrates another possible embodiment of the device in which the movement means 300, which has linear reciprocating motion along the direction indicated with the arrow 350, is connected on the upper part to a pair of lower cables 410-411 connected to a first rotor 100, constituted by an upper surface 110, a lateral surface 120 and a lower surface 130 and, on the lower part, to a pair of upper cables 420-421 of a second rotor 101 constituted by an upper surface 111, a lateral surface 121 and a lower surface 131; said rotors 100, 101 are adapted to be moved along the direction indicated by the respective arrows 150, 151; the pair of lower cables 430-431 of the second rotor 101 and the pair of upper cables 400-401 of the first rotor 100 are connected to the respective fixed points 500, 510; laterally, one sees two pairs of electric coils 200-201 and 210-211 connected by means of electrical cables 220 to two electrical users 250, 251 which, in this case, are represented turned on.

Detailed description of the invention

The present invention will now be illustrated by way of a merely non-limiting or non- constraining example, using the figures which illustrate several exemplifying but not at all limiting or constraining embodiments relative to the present inventive concept.

With reference to FIG. 1, the device of the present invention is represented in a static configuration, in which there is no energy transformation, but which is useful for understanding the basic elements necessary for the process of transformation of kinetic energy into electrical energy.

Kinetic energy is supplied by the rotation of the magnetic rotor 100, whose preferred geometry is cylindrical, with an upper surface 110 and a lower surface 130 that are flat and parallel, connected by a lateral surface 120 perpendicular thereto.

The portion in proximity to the center of the upper surface 110 is fixed to a pair of upper cables 400-401, which connect the magnetic rotor 100 with a fixed point 500; on the other side, in proximity to the center of the lower surface 130, a pair of cables 410-411 is fixed which connects the magnetic rotor 100 with a movement means 300. The latter is a mechanical means adapted to complete a linear reciprocating motion only in the direction indicated by the arrow 350, i.e. in a sense perpendicular to the upper 110 and lower 130 surfaces of the magnetic rotor 100. Said pairs of cables 400-401, 410-411 must be made of flexible and inextensible material, so as to not dissipate energy in the extension of the cable, and for the purpose of accumulating potential elastic energy during twisting, which is then transformed into kinetic elastic energy during unrolling and which is added to the rotational inertia of the magnetic rotor 100. It is also possible to use a single cable whose middle point is constrained to the fixed point 500 or to the movement means 300 and whose ends are connected to the corresponding surface of the magnetic rotor 100.

The initial force that causes the motion of the rotor 100 must be mechanically imparted, possibly by means of a mechanical activation means that exerts a force in a direction tangent to the lateral surface 120 of the rotor 100. Said rotor 100, therefore, will begin to rotate on its axis in the direction indicated by the arrow 150, represented in FIG. 2, with the consequent twisting of the upper cables 400-401 and of the lower cables 410-411 both on themselves and one around the other. The twisting of the cables 400-401, 410-411 causes the shortening of the distance between said rotor 100 and said fixed point 500 and between said rotor 100 and said movement means 300. The movement means 300, therefore, is moved upward along the direction indicated by the arrow 350 up to a point of maximum travel given by a specific twisting tension of the cables 400-401, 410-411.

Once said maximum travel has been reached, said movement means reverses its motion and starts to descend downward and the pairs of cables 400-401 and 410-411 tend to be unrolled, also due to the potential elastic energy that accumulated during the twisting. The unrolling of the cables 400-401, 410-411 causes the reversal of the rotation of the magnetic rotor 100. Also downward, the movement means 300 has a point of maximum travel that corresponds to zero tension of the cables 400-401, 410-411.

During the unrolling of the cables 400-401, 410-411, the magnetic rotor 100 accumulates a rotational inertia such to determine the continuation of the motion even after the complete unrolling of the upper cables 400-401 and of the lower cables 410-411. The continuation of the rotation, due to the rotational inertia of the magnetic rotor 100, determines a new torsional state of the pairs of cables 400-401, 410-411 followed by the upward movement of the movement means 300.

All this occurs within an electric field given by the presence of the pair of electric coils 200- 201. This does not limit the number of coils to two; rather, versions of the present invention can be made with a plurality of pairs of electromagnetic coils so long as the turns are perpendicular to the magnetic field given by the magnetic rotor 100, as represented in FIGS. 2 and 3 in which the dashed lines indicate the direction of the magnetic field. In FIG. 3, in fact, two pairs of electric coils 200-201, 210-211 are represented, each of which connected to an electrical user 250, 251. Also in this case, the drawing is not to be considered limiting of the possibility to connect all the pairs of coils with the same electrical user 250 or of the possibility to connect the same pair of coils with multiple electrical users.

As is known, energy cannot be generated nor destroyed, but only transformed and kinetic energy is the energy that possesses a body for the movement thereof. In the device described by the present invention, the energy that is exploited for the production of electricity is the kinetic energy of the magnetic rotor 100 which, by rotating within the electric field, transforms its kinetic energy into electrical energy.

Once the principle on which the device is based has been described, it is adapted to multiple embodiments. In one possible version, represented in FIG. 3, it is provided with a second magnetic rotor 101, which has the same size and weight as the first rotor 100, whose pair of upper cables 420-421 is connected to the same movement means 300 connected to the lower surface 130 of the first rotor 100 and whose pair of lower cables 430-431 is connected to a second fixed point 510. The latter will be placed along the movement axis of the movement means 300. In this configuration, the device can preserve the rotation and counter-rotation motion of two rotors 100, 101, by making use of only one movement means 300.

In a further embodiment of the device of the present invention, the fixed points 500, 510 can be substituted with further movement means 300 adapted to be moved in a coordinated manner with the corresponding movement means 300.

In order to stop the motion and the transformation of kinetic energy into electrical energy, instead of interrupting the linear reciprocating motion of the movement means 300 and waiting for the rotational inertia of the magnetic rotor 100 (or of the magnetic rotors 100, 101) to run out, it is possible to provide mechanical stop means with the device, which simultaneously block all the rotors 100, 101 present. Finally, it is clear that modifications, additions or variations that are obvious for a man skilled in the art can be made to the invention described up to now, without departing from the protective scope that is provided by the enclosed claims.