MADE OF ARTIFICIALLY FROZEN WATER

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

1. Technical field

This invention refers to the formwork of a floating platform made of artificially frozen water of exceptionally large dimensions, which positions and fixates itself on the interior surfaces of the formwork mould and within which the procedure of artificial freezing of water is conducted so that the formwork becomes an integral part of the mentioned floating platform.

The technical area to which the subject invention refers is denoted according to the International patent classification as F25C, B63B and B63C.

2. Technical problem

The technical problem which refers to the formwork of the floating platform made of artificially frozen water of exceptionally large dimensions, whose surface area extends over amounts of thousands of m2, while the masses of immense quantities of frozen water reach up to millions of tonnes and which is the subject of the solution according to this invention, encompasses multiple, basically at least three components.

Firstly the technical problem refers to fastening of the formwork of the floating platform made of frozen water to the interior surface of the formwork mould in the manner that the interior area which encompasses this fastened formwork may conduct the process of artificial freezing water, and after completion of this process, the formwork permanently becomes an integral part of the floating platform made of frozen water.

The second component of the technical problem which is solved by the subject invention consists of the aforementioned formwork achieving elimination or reduction to a symbolic measure by the exchange of heat between that artificially frozen water of the floating platform and the surroundings.

Along with the aforelisted, with the technical solution according to the subject invention, the third component of the technical problem is also solved which refers to the fastening of the external layer of the formwork with the surface of the formwork mould, in the manner that this fastening is severed when the formwork mould separates from the floating platform to which the formwork remains fastened.

3. State of the art

The state of the art encompasses an exceptionally large number of technical solutions and construction of various formwork which in various areas of engineering, including the area of ship building, are used for various purposes however it is not know whether there is any technical solution that refers to the formwork of a floating platform made of artificially frozen water of exceptionally large dimensions, which extends over a surface area of a number of tens of thousands m2, and masses of immense quantities of frozen water which reach up to millions of tonnes.

4. Essence of the invention

The essence of this invention consists in the defining of technical solutions which enable the formation of layers of formwork of floating platforms made of artificially frozen water, which include a thermal insulation layer as the most important functional formwork layer.

From the aforementioned two basic functions of the listed formwork ensue. The first function is that it creates the area inside which the freezing of the water will take place, that is, the formation of ice, while it exhibits the other function during exploitation of the floating platform made of artificially frozen water, and this in the manner that is serves to prevent the exchange of heat between the frozen water and surroundings.

The basic components that comprise the aforementioned formwork are the external layer, thermal insulation layer, possible internal layer, fastening element and vertical bracket but it can also include other parts and elements as required.

The solution to the indicated technical problem, consists in the first order in defining the formwork of the floating platform made of artificially frozen water of exceptionally large dimensions, whose surface areas extend over a number of tens of thousands of m2, while masses of immense quantities of frozen water reach up to millions of tonnes, whereby the formwork consists of the external (1.1) and (1.2) and thermal insulation (1.3) and (1.4) layer, and additional functional elements.

The external layer of the formwork (1.2) is laid on the lateral surface (1.9) of the formwork mould and on the bottom surface (1.11) of the formwork mould, whereby the lateral surface of the formwork mould is comprised of characteristic surfaces (1.9) vertical (1.8) latticed bracket, while the bottom surface of the mould is comprised of the characteristic surface 1.11 horizontal 1.10 latticed brackets.

The external layers primarily consist of various materials of certain thickness and types, which may be in the form of mutually joined steel metal sheets of trapezoidal profile.

The thermal insulation layer (1.3) and (1.4), which represents an important functional layer of the formwork, serves for elimination or reduction to a symbolic measure the exchange of heat between the artificially frozen water of the floating platform and the surroundings.

The thermal insulation layer in the desired thickness is applied to the interior side of the external layer of formwork, and it may be made of thermal insulating foam. The fact that floating platforms of artificially frozen water have exceptionally large dimensions and masses of immense quantities of frozen water, means that the formwork inside which the procedure of artificially freezing water will be conducted, must also have such dimensions.

The formwork of the floating platform made of artificially frozen water is situated inside the formwork mould, and the process of artificial freezing of water takes place within the formwork setup in this way.

Vertical brackets (1.6) are used to hold the upper layers of formwork (1.1) and (1.3) in place during their formation. These may be made of steel profiles with additional elements of such forms, dimensions, as well as arrangement in the area bordered by the aforementioned formwork to comply with the desired purpose.

Fastening of formwork within the mould is conducted with fastening elements (1.5) which have a multipurpose role.

Their first role is to enable temporary fastening of the external layer of formwork with the formwork mould during formation of the external layer of formwork, until this join, during the separation of the floating platform made of frozen water from the formwork mould, can separate.

The second role is that, permanently fastened to the external layer of formwork, it combines the thermal insulation and external layer of formwork, while the following role is to join the frozen water, that is ice, with the thermal insulation and external layer.

It is also important to add that the aforementioned fastening elements are made from two or more different materials of which one enables permanent adhesion with the external layer of formwork, while the second prevents the transfer of heat.

5. Brief description of the figures

Figure 1. Illustration of the formwork with the formwork mould

1.1 - External upper layer of the formwork

1.2 - External lateral and bottom layers of the formwork

1.3 - Thermal insulation of upper layer of the formwork

1.4 - Thermal insulation of lateral and bottom layers of the formwork

1.5 - Fastening element

1.6 - Vertical bracket

1.7 - Pipe of the floating dock as part of the formwork mould

1.8 - Vertical latticed bracket as part of the formwork mould

1.9 - Side of one or more vertical latticed bracket as part of the lateral sides which form the sides of the formwork mould.

1.10 - Horizontal latticed bracket as part of the formwork mould 1.11 - Side of one or more horizontal latticed brackets as part of the bottom side which form the bottom of the formwork mould

Figure 2. Illustration of fastening elements

2.1 - Screw of fastening element

2.2 - Opening for pipes of latticed brackets

2.3 - Cross-section of thermal insulation layer

6. Mode for carrying out of the invention

Actualisation of the technical solution according to the invention, that is, formwork of the floating platform made of artificially frozen water is achieved by using generally known material and by applying classic technological procedures of mechanical processing of metals.

Application of the technical solution according to the invention is possible first and foremost for the needs of manufacturing floating platforms made of artificially frozen water of exceptionally large dimensions, which extend over surfaces of a number of tens of thousands of m2, while masses of immense quantities of frozen water reach up to millions of tonnes on which it is possible to establish new dry-land areas which float on the surfaces of seas, lakes and rivers, with possibilities of establishing all forms and content of business and activities as are known and exist on dry-land surfaces.

The manufacturing all components of the technical solutions according to the invention are realised through usual technological procedures which are known and represent many decades of practice in the engineering industry.

This particularly applies in the case of manufacturing of vertical latticed brackets, fastening elements, vertical brackets and the external layer of formwork which are primarily made from materials which may be in the form of mutually joined steel sheet metal of arbitrary thickness and forms, for example a trapezoidal profile.

Similarly, the application of thermal insulation foam in the desired thickness on the external layer of the formwork has for a long time been considered a generally known technological procedure.

The manner of industrial use of the invention is obvious already from the description and very nature of the technical solution according to the invention, which also encompasses all the component parts which additionally explain the procedure for actualising the technical solution according to the invention. The industrial use of the invention, other than not being doubtful, points out particularly that the technical solution according to the invention represents an absolute innovation in relation to the known state of the art.