HIGH FASTNESS DYEING PROCESS WITH SUSTAINABLE NATURAL DYES ON CELLULOSE BASED FABRICS AND PRODUCTS THEREOF

TECHNICAL FIELD

The invention relates to the high fastness dyeing process (a-te) with sustainable natural dyes (Plant Origins and Natural Clays) on cellulose-based fabric and products thereof in the field of textiles.

BACKGROUND ART

Many of the synthetic dyestuffs and dye auxiliaries used today, based on petroleum and petroleum derivatives, contain toxic heavy metal compounds and substances harmful to human health. The use of such dyestuffs and synthetic dyestuffs in the textile industry is quite common.

Some of the problems in the prior art have been described hereinbelow.

- Industrial-scale dyestuff currently used in the textile sector are synthetic.

- It is more expensive than existing dyes.

-Most of them are toxic and carcinogenic and cause environmental pollution.

-Today, natural organic plant-based dyestuffs and dyestuffs related to natural clay mixtures are not used in the textile industry. This is not used at scale and sustainably in this method.

-Only natural plant-based dyestuffs lack standart reproducibility.

-The amount of water used in synthetic dyeing is considerably higher than the water consumption of natural dyestuffs with plant origin and clay content.

-The energy of water used in synthetic dyeing is considerably higher than the energy consumption of natural dyestuffs with plant origin and clay content.

-Dyeing times of synthetic dyestuffs, and natural dyestuffs with plant origin and clay content are quite high.

-The colorants in use are not of plant origin and don't have natural clay content.

-Metal oxides, metal salts or chemical synthetic dyestuff obtained from petroleum and petroleum derivatives are used as a dyestuff. -These dyestuffs do not possess antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiinflammatory, and antiallergic properties.

In conclusion, the abovementioned shortcomings and the inadequacy of the current practice entail an improvement in the respective technical field. Thus, there is a need for an invention to overcome the described problems.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to the high fastness dyeing process (a-te) with sustainable natural dyes (Plant Origins and Natural Clays) on cellulose-based fabric and products thereof in the field of textiles, developed to eliminate the disadvantages mentioned above and to bring new advantages to the related technical field.

In order to avoid the disadvantages of the state of the art, dyeing processes have been created by using plant-based dyestuffs, natural clays, clover, harda and soda for safer dyeing in terms of health, especially in the clothes of baby and children. Considering that there is no harm as a result of the contact of the dyes with the skin, sweat, mouth or body, by using plant-based and natural clays as binders, dyeing processes with environmental friendly, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties in yellow, red, blue, green, gray and shades were created. Plants in use are golden tuft (Helichrysum graveleons L.), false hemp (Datisca cannabina L.), oad (/safis tinctoria L.), wild woad (Reseda luteola L.), madwort (Rubia tinctorum L.), Cyprus oak (Quercus infectoria OLIVIER), gallnut (Quercus ithaburansis DECAISNE), cortex granati fructuum (Punica granatum L.), walnut shell (Juglans regia L.), olive leaf (Olea europaea subsp), patience dock (Rumex sp.), stinking smut (Berberis vulgaris L.), lesser yellow trefoi\(Medicago sativa L.).

It contains wild woad (Reseda luteola), golden tuft (Helichrysum graveleons L.), false hemp (Datisca cannabina L.), oad (/safis tinctoria L.), wild woad (Reseda luteola L.), madwort (Rubia tinctorum L.), Cyprus oak (Quercus infectoria OLIVIER), gallnut (Quercus ithaburansis DECAISNE), cortex granati fructuum (Punica granatum L.), walnut shell (Juglans regia L.), olive leaf (Olea europaea subsp), patience dock (Rumex sp.), stinking smut (Berberis vulgaris L.), lesser yellow trefoil( Medicago sativa L.) as an environmentally friendly, plant-based natural dyestuff source and certain ratios of Na, K, Mg, Ca, Si and Al elements in dyeing process containing natural clay with high fastness values.

The benefits of the invention over the state of the art are given below: a) It results in environmentally friendly dyeings. b) It does not contain heavy metals and metal ions. c) It does not contain synthetic dyestuffs and synthetic auxiliary substances. d) It does not contain chemical solvents and synthetic binders. e) Color ranges are wide depending on the composition of the plant and clay used. f) The supply of raw materials in production is easy. g) Light fastness, washing fastness, and rubbing fastness are high. h) It saves water. i) It saves energy. i) It reduces dyeing time. j) It saves labor. k) The waste water amount is quite low. l) It is a dyestuff and a dyeing method that comply with ZDHC (Zero Discharge of Hazardous Chemicals) dyeing standards. m) It provides surface smoothness in dyeing, and also dyeing steps are easy to apply. n) The produced dyestuff can be used in all types of textile dyeing machines. o) The produced dyestuff is reproducible. p) It contains Na, K, Mg, Ca, Si, Fe and Al elements and contains natural anthraquinones, flavonoids, flavones, tannins and indigoides of plant origin. r) Dyeing pre-treatments CIPS* and A-TE** are used.

*CIPS: It is a composition containing ion immobilizer, saponin, white clay, heavy soda and peroxide.

**A-TE: It is a 2% solution containing Na, K, Mg, Ca, Si, Fe and Al elements. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In this detailed description, sustainable natural dyes of the invention belonging to the field of textile (Plant Origins and Natural Clays) and high fastness dyeing process (a-te) in cellulose-based fabrics and products thereof are described only for a better understanding of the subject and without any limiting effect.

Natural dye plants contain flavone, flavonoid, anthraquinone, tannen, indigoid dyestuffs in the roots, stems, branches, leaves and flowers of plants that can grow naturally and can be cultivated. These are natural dyestuffs obtained from the roots, stems, branches, leaves and flowers of plants and provide the formation of colors and tones according to the dyestuff contained in the plant used.

Saponin includes saponin (C58O27H94), which is produced in lesser yellow trefoil and some plants, which can grow naturally and can be cultivated. By dissolving the wax and oils coming from the pre-treatments, it reduces the surface tension in dyeing and provides smoothness on the surface of the fabric in dyeing.

Natural Clay functions as a natural binder and for the transport of natural dyestuff in the fabric.

A-TE provides that the binding clay and natural dyestuffs are suspended in the dyeing tank and dyed homogeneously.

Soda (sodium carbonate) regulates the pH of the extract in extraction, pretreatment and dyeing processes.

Hydrogen peroxide provides bleaching of the fabric in pre-treatments. Formic acid functions as a buffer in pre-treatments, keeping it in a certain pH range. It provides that the hydrogen peroxide remaining on the fabric in the antiper pretreatments is completely removed from the fabric. In harda dyeing, it provides the cationization of the fabric and the suspension of the binder clay. Rumex helps the fabric to be cationized in dyeing. Berberis helps the fabric to be cationized in dyeing. Soda regulates pH.

In the pre-treatment of the dyeing process, ion immobilizer (0.5-1 g/L), saponin (2- 3 g/L) and A-TE (from 2% solution) (0.5-1 g/L), soda (20-30 g/L), hydrogen peroxide (2 g/L) are added, after about 2 hours, buffer formic acid (3-10 g/L) is added, and after about half an hour Antiper (0.5-1 g/L) is added. Thus, the pretreatment is performed in the dyeing process. In the method of the invention, firstly a) A-TE (from 2% solution) (0.5-1 g/L), harda and Rumex or Berberis are fed at 3-

10 g/L into the fabric padding tray, and then, b) The hot fixation process is performed at 140-160°C for 3-5 minutes.