The invention relates to a hydraulic valve body which is adapted to be used for controlling actuators external of the body. In addition, the invention relates to a type of hydraulic valve that comprises said body.

PRIOR ART

The prior art discloses a variety of different hydraulic valve bodies for controlling actuators external of the body. Hydraulic bodies are used, by controlling the valves included therein, to deliver a hydraulic fluid such as hydraulic oil in a desired manner to desired targets. Inlet ports included in a hydraulic valve body have hydraulic lines connected therewith and, respectively, hose fittings have hydraulic hoses connected therewith. Control and operation of rods present inside the body can be used for enabling hydraulic oil to proceed to specific hoses. Such control can be conducted in the way of electric, pneumatic or mechanical control. When using hydraulic oils, the hoses are occasionally subjected to pressure shocks with possible mishaps. The occurrence of mishaps is avoided by using safety valves as well as backpressure valves.

One such hydraulic valve body of the prior art is shown in fig. 1 (Prior Art), wherein the body comprises channels internal thereof, hose fittings (C1 -C6) for connecting actuators (E1 -E4), and hydraulic fluid inlet ports (P1 , P2). The body is further fitted with locations for control elements, such as for rods to be controlled from outside, for directing the fluid to a given hose fitting. The body also comprises locations for one or more safety valves to be accommodated therein, the housings of which are connected with a channel to a return port for hydraulic fluid arriving by way of the safety valve to be returned into a reservoir/pressure accumulator (the Applicant's valve body Έ8312Ρ4"). This prior art solution is good for achieving actions 1/1 , 1/2 and 1/3 described elsewhere in this document, but not action 1/4 (simultaneous contraction and expansion action of cylinders), nor diagonal motions (action 3/1 ). Also known is another valve body "E8312PV" owned by the Applicant, which is respectively capable of achieving diagonal motions (actions 3/1 , 3/3 and 3/3), but not action 3/4 (simultaneous contraction and expansion action of cylinders). Still further known is a third valve body "E8312PVU" owned by the Applicant, which is capable of achieving actions 2/1 , 2/2 and 2/3, but not for example locking of cylinders or diagonal motions of cylinders.

However, a problem with such solution is for example not being able as such to perform very many motions independent from each other. If, for example, it is desirable to control several types of actuators, such as for example a U-plow, a zoom plow, an articulated plow, and a blade snow shovel, it will be necessary, when operating with prior art equipment, to employ at least two or three separate hydraulic valve bodies, each of said bodies, when operating therewith, including at least one or two control valves such as magnetic valves. In addition, each valve body must be supplied with its own main hose fittings (P1 , P2), making the assembly vulnerable and complicated but also expensive because the piece of equipment operating the various actuators must be provided with several types of valve bodies.

SUMMARY

One objective of the invention is to present a type of hydraulic valve body which enables prior art-related drawbacks to be eliminated or at least reduced. According to one embodiment, the invention endeavors to provide such a single hydraulic valve body which does not require hose arrangements between various valves. Another objective is to simplify the installation of valves as well as components relating thereto, as well as to present such a hydraulic valve body which is simple in construction and which single valve body is capable of being configured so as to accomplish at least the actions 1/1 , 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, 2/1 , 2/2, 2/3, and 3/1 , 3/3, 3/3 as well as 3/4 stated above (and described more specifically elsewhere in this document). One objective of the invention is to present such a hydraulic valve body which is adaptable for controlling several types of actuators, yet with a number of body parts as few as possible.

The specific objectives of the invention are attained with a hydraulic valve body as presented in claim 1 . The hydraulic valve body according to the invention is characterized by what is presented in claim 1 directed to a hydraulic valve body. In addition, the hydraulic valve according to the invention is characterized by what is presented in claim 18 directed to a hydraulic valve. In the invention, according to a first embodiment, the hydraulic valve body comprises two main ports for conveying a pressurized hydraulic fluid into the body's channel system and further out of the channel system. It should be noted that the hydraulic fluid can be delivered to either one of the main ports, whereby the other main port functions respectively as a return channel and vice versa, hence enabling two-way motions for actuators attachable to the body of the invention. Most preferably, the main port selections are carried out with control elements, for example valves, external of the body. It should be noted that the invention is not limited to which type of actuators can be hooked up with the hydraulic valve body, but a few noteworthy examples of the actuators include for example cylinders, motors or reversible motors. These can be used for example for controlling a U-plow, a zoom plow, articulated plow, and components and blades of a blade snow shovel.

According to the invention, the body comprises four outlet ports {C1+, C2+, C5+, C8+) for directing hydraulic fluid from the body's channel system further to actuators external of the body, as well as four respective inlet ports (C3-, C4-, C6-, C7-) for directing the hydraulic fluid from the actuators back into the body's channel system. It is notable that, depending on the working direction and/or on the body's channel system configuration, it is possible for one and the same port to function either as an inlet port or an outlet port. According to one embodiment of the invention, the body's channel system is adapted to be configured for various flow circuits, such that the body comprises:

- at least one first channel (K1 ) provided between a first outlet (C5+) and a second inlet (C7-),

- at least one second channel (K2) provided between a first inlet (C6-) and a second outlet (C8+), and

- at least one third channel (K3) provided between a third inlet (C4-) and a fourth inlet (C3-).

According to one embodiment, the body also comprises a fourth channel (K4) provided in the body between the first outlet (C5+) and a third outlet (C1 +), said fourth channel (K4) being adapted to be openably closable for example by means of a plug (T4) placed in connection with said fourth channel. In addition, the body may further comprise a fifth channel (K5) provided in the body between a fourth outlet (C2+) the second main port (P2), said fifth channel (K5) being also adapted to be openably closable for example by means of a plug (T5) placed in connection with said fifth channel. Still further, according to one embodiment, the body has additionally fitted therein, in connection with said first, second and third channels (K1 , K2, K3), first and second control channels (MK1 , MK2) for two control elements (M1 , M2) operable independently of each other from the outside. The channel of the first control element extends most preferably through the first, second and third channels (K1 , K2, K3) and is arranged in connection with the two first outlet ports (C2+, C8+) and the two first inlet ports (C3-, C7-). In addition, the channel of the second control element extends most preferably through the first, second and third channels (K1 , K2, K3) and is arranged between the two second outlet ports (C1 +, C5+) and the two second inlet ports (C4-, C6-). With said arrangements, the body is adapted to enable the accomplishment of at least six different actions with said actuators by using as few as just two control elements, such as solenoid valves, capable of being controlled from the outside independently of each other.

According to the invention, the body is internally provided with backpressure valves for returning the fluid by way of a backpressure valve onto the rod side of a cylinder connected to the valve body, as well as for returning the excess fluid resulting from a volume difference into a pressure accumulator to a return port which is adapted to discharge the pressure into a first available channel or outlet. In this type of example, the body is equipped with one or more safety valves, as well as with a backpressure valve, and the actions are accommodated in a single body. Thus, there is no need for hose systems between various valves, and the installation of valves in this respect becomes easier and the installation time becomes shorter. A further benefit is that the structure is easier to protect, it fits in a smaller space, and fewer breakable or wearable parts are needed. It is also a benefit that the hydraulic fluid arriving by way of a safety valve can be successfully returned into the reservoir by way of a single port, or, alternatively, the fluid is returned by way of a backpressure valve onto the rod side of a cylinder connected to the valve body, as well as the excess fluid into the pressure accumulator to a return port which is adapted to discharge the pressure into a first available channel or outlet.

The invention offers obvious advantages over what is known previously. Now, with a single valve body, it is possible to achieve said actions 1/1 , 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, 2/1 , 2/2, 2/3, and 3/1 , 3/3, 3/3 well as 3/4 that have earlier required the use of three separate valve bodies. It is particularly notable that the valve body solution according to the invention, its channel systems and communications between various outlets and inlets as well as main lines are worked out in such a way that all of said actions are attainable by using not more than two external control elements, such as magnetic valves. This is clear advantage because, for example in connection with various snow plows, shovels and blades, it is no longer necessary to employ more than a single valve body of the invention, which is readily and quickly configurable for actions 1/1 , 1/2, 1/3 and 1/4, or actions 2/1 , 2/2 and 2/3, or actions 3/1 , 3/3, 3/3 and 3/4. Accordingly, the performance of said actions no longer requires three separate valve bodies and at least three or more external control elements, such as solenoid valves. This constitutes a distinct cost saving and, in addition, the valve body and its operation are remarkably more reliable with moving and controlled parts fewer than before.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Preferred embodiments of the invention will be described slightly more precisely in the next section with reference to the accompanying figures, in which Fig. 1 shows one valve body of the prior art,

Figs. 2A-2B show one exemplary valve body according to one preferred embodiment of the invention,

Figs. 3A-3B show one exemplary valve body according to one preferred embodiment of the invention, Figs. 4A-4B show one exemplary valve body according to one preferred embodiment of the invention,

Figs. 5A-5B show another exemplary valve body according to one preferred embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 6 shows channel systems for one exemplary valve body according to one preferred embodiment of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Fig. 1 has been explained in the prior art describing section. Figs. 2A-2B, 3A-3B, 4A-4B and 5 illustrate preferred embodiments for one exemplary valve body, wherein a hydraulic valve body (100) comprises two main ports (P1 , P2) for conveying pressurized hydraulic fluid into the body's channel and further out of the channel system. The body further comprises four outlet ports (C1 +, C2+, C5+, C8+) for directing the hydraulic fluid from the body's channel system further to actuators (E1 , E2, E3, E4) external of the body, as well as four respective inlet ports (C3-, C4-, C6-, C7-) for directing the hydraulic fluid from said actuators back into the body's channel system.

In addition, the body (100) comprises: - at least one first channel (K1 ) provided between a first outlet (C5+) and a second inlet (C7-),

- at least one second channel (K2) provided between a first inlet (C6-) and a second outlet (C8+), and

- at least one third channel (K3) provided between a third inlet (C4-) and a fourth inlet (C3-).

It should be noted that said third channel (K3) enables one additional motion, i.e. a diagonal motion. According to one example, when external control elements are non-active (e.g. magnetic valves not energized), the diagonal motion is enabled explicitly by means of the third channel (K3) provided between the third inlet (C4-) and the fourth inlet (C3-). At this time, according to one example, the second channel (K2) is closed by the action of said control elements). On the other hand, when the external control elements are active (e.g. magnetic valves are energized), the third channel (K3) is adapted to become closed by the action of said control elements and the diagonal motion will be closed. Thus, the second channel (K2) is adapted to be opened by the action of said control elements to the second main port (P2), whereby said third inlet (C4-) and fourth inlet (C3-) become open to the main port (P2) by way of said second channel (K2). The enables the actuator (E3, E4), coupled either to the third inlet (C4-) or the fourth inlet (C3-), to be controlled, depending on which actuator (E3, E4) is active. According to one embodiment, the body also comprises a fourth channel (K4) provided in the body between the first outlet (C5+) and the third outlet (C1 +), said fourth channel (K4) being adapted to be openably closable for example by means of a fourth plug (T4) placed in connection with said fourth channel. Said fourth plug (T4) is most preferably present in said fourth channel (K4) in such a manner that, when in place, said fourth plug (T4) closes said fourth channel (K4) and, when removed, opens the same. Said fourth plug (T4) is most preferably present underneath a first plug (T1 ) fitted in the body, such that said first plug (T1 ), when in its opened condition, enables a removal of said fourth plug (T4) from the opening created as a result of removing the first plug (T1 ). After the fourth plug has been removed, said first plug (T1 ) is replaced most preferably in its position in the body, such that, when the body is in operation, no hydraulic oil is allowed outside the body assembly.

In addition to this, the body (100) comprises most preferably also a fifth channel (K5) provided in the body between the fourth outlet (C2+) and the second main port (P2), said fifth channel (K5) being also adapted to be openably closable by means of a third plug (T3) placed in connection with said fifth channel.

Said third plug (T3) is most preferably present in said fifth channel (K5) in such a manner that, when in place, said third plug (T3) closes said fifth channel (K5) and, when removed, opens the same. Said third plug (T3) is most preferably present underneath a second plug (T2) fitted in the body, such that said second plug (T2), when in its opened condition, enables a removal of said third plug (T3) from the opening created as a result of removing the second plug (T2). After the third plug has been removed, said second plug (T2) is replaced most preferably in its position in the body, such that, when the body is in operation, no hydraulic oil is allowed outside the body assembly. Hence, the body (100) according to the invention comprises most preferably at least arrangements, such as bores and threads, for said plugs (T1 -T4).

Still further, the body has most preferably accommodated therein, in connection with said first, second and third channels (K1 , K2, K3), first and second control channels (MK1 , MK2) for two control elements (M1 , M2) to be controlled from outside independently of each other. The control channel (MK1 ) for the first control element (M1 ) extends most preferably through the first, second and third channels (K1 , K2, K3) and is arranged in connection with the two first outlet ports (C2+, C8+) and the two first inlet ports (C3-, C7-). In addition, The control channel (MK2) for the second control element (M2) extends most preferably through the first, second and third channels (K1 , K2, K3) and is arranged in connection with the two second outlet ports (C1 +, C5+) and the two second inlet ports (C4-, C6-). With said arrangements, the body can be adapted to enable the accomplishment of at least six different actions, most preferably actions 1/1 , 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, 2/1 , 2/2, 2/3, and 3/1 , 3/3, 3/3 as well as 3/4, with actuators coupled thereto by using not more than two control elements, such as magnetic valves, to be controlled from outside independently of each other.

The hydraulic valve body according to the invention will be described next by explaining a few exemplary actions and body configurations for achieving said actions. In the following examples, the proposed actuator to be employed is a cylinder, yet it should be appreciated that the invention is nevertheless not limited to this but the body according to the invention can also be accompanied with other types of actuators as presented elsewhere in this document.

In order to enable a first action (e.g. the simultaneous action of two bottom cylinders, action 1/1 - especially figs. 2A, 2B), the body is configured to include a first flow circuit (VP1 ), wherein the body (100) comprises a first channel (K1 ) provided between a first outlet (C5+) and a second inlet (C7-) and a second channel (K2) provided between a first inlet (C6-) and a second outlet (C8+), such that the first outlet (C5+) is adapted to be connected with a first side (S5, for example the piston side of a cylinder) of the first actuator (E1 ) and the first inlet (C6-) is adapted to be connected with a second side (S6), for example the rod side of a cylinder) of the first actuator (E1 ), and the second outlet (C8+) is adapted to be connected with a first side (S8, for example the piston side of a cylinder) of the second actuator (E2) and the second inlet (C7-) is adapted to be connected with a second side (S7, for example the rod side of a cylinder) of the second actuator (E2).

In addition, the first main port (P1 ) is adapted to link with the first channel (K1 ) provided between the first outlet (C5+) and the second inlet (C7-), and the second main port (P2) is adapted to link with the second channel (K2) provided between the first inlet (C6-) and the second outlet (C8+).

Said first flow circuit can be used for providing a configuration by means of which it is possible to control for example a simultaneous and oppositely directed motion of two cylinders (E1 , E2) (this is possible when the piston-side end of the cylinders have a surface area which is larger than the rod-side end of the cylinder, whereby the surface area results an unequal force on the rod and piston sides). The direction of motion depends on which one of the main ports (P1 , P2) is used for feeding oil into the body's channel system. Said first action (action 1/1 ) is accomplished with a hydraulic valve of the invention, comprising said first flow circuit, when the control elements (M1 , M2) included therein are not active, for example magnetic switches are not energized.

It is to be noted that, according to one embodiment of the invention, in order to enable additional actions (actions 2/1 , 2/2, 2/3, 3/1 , 3/2, 3/3 and 3/4), the first outlet (C5+), the first inlet (C6-), the second inlet (C7-) and the second outlet (C8+) are adapted to be openably closable for example with plugs (depicted in line with said ports e.g. in figs. 3A, 3B, 4A and 4B) capable of being screwed into structures of the body. The use of plugs makes it possible to provide additional flow circuits for enabling the additional actions. It should be noted, however, that in a plugged condition the above-described first action (1/1 ) is closed and, when the control elements (M1 , M2) are non-active, the actuators (e.g. cylinders E3 and E4) are locked.

In order to provide a second action (e.g. the action of a left-hand cylinder, action 1/2 - especially figs. 2A, 2B), the body is configured to include a second flow circuit (VP2), wherein the body (100) comprises a fourth outlet (C2+) and a fourth inlet (C3-). In addition, the body comprises a first control channel (MK1 ) for the first control element (M1 ), such that the first control element (M1 ) enables closing of the first channel (K1 ) linked with the second inlet (C7-) as well as opening of the first main line by way of the first channel (K1 ) to the fourth outlet (C2+). Further in said configuration, the first main port (P1 ) is adapted to be coupled, under the control of the first control element (M1 ), to the first channel (K1 ) and thereby to said fourth outlet (C2+), and the second main port (P2) is adapted to be coupled to the second channel (K2) and thereby to said fourth inlet (C3-). Further in the body, the first main port (P1 ) is adapted to be coupled, under the control of the first channel (K1 ) and the second control element (M2), to said third outlet (C1 +), and the second main port (P2) is adapted to be coupled by way of the second channel (K2) to said third inlet (C4-). Said configuration is capable of providing the action 1/3. In addition, by closing, for example by plugging, the first outlet (C5+) there is provided the action 2/2 under the control of a control element (M2). Said actions are described elsewhere in this document.

With regard to the hydraulic valve, the action 1/2 is conducted as follows:

When the control element (M1 ) is energized, the rod closes the second inlet (C7-), whereby the preceding described action 1/1 closes. Thus, from the first main line (P1 ) is directed a controlled pressure flow along the channel (K1 ) to the fourth outlet (C2+) and thence onto the cylinder's piston side (S2), whereby from the rod side (S3) the oil is directed to the fourth inlet (C3-) and thence further along the second channel (K2) to the return port (P2). The cylinder's motion in opposite direction occurs in a reverse manner as the control pressure flow is connected to the port (P2), whereby the first main line (P1 ) functions as a return port.

In the example of a second flow circuit, the fourth outlet (C2+) is adapted to be connected onto a first side (S2, for example onto the piston side of a cylinder) of a third actuator (E3), and the fourth inlet (C3-) is adapted to be connected onto a second side (S3, for example onto the rod side of a cylinder) of the third actuator (E3). In order to configure the second flow circuit, the ports C5+, C6-, C7- and C8+ need not be plugged.

According to one embodiment, said second flow circuit (VP2) of the body can be configured as a second additional flow circuit and for providing a second additional action (e.g. the action of a left-hand cylinder, action 2/1 - especially figs. 3a, 3B). In this embodiment, at least the second inlet (C7-) is plugged, thus providing the configuration shown in figs. 3A and 3B and therein the action of the third actuator (E3). With regard to the hydraulic valve, the action 2/1 is conducted as follows:

When the control element (M1 ) is energized, a controlled pressure flow is directed from the first main port (P1 ) along the channel (K1 ) to the fourth outlet (C2+) and thence onto the cylinder's piston side (S2), whereby from the rod side (S3) the oil is directed to the fourth inlet (C3-) and thence along the second channel (K2) to the return port (P2). The cylinder's motion in opposite direction occurs in a reverse manner as the control pressure flow is connected to the port (P2), whereby the first main line (P1 ) functions as a return port.

In order to enable a third action (e.g. the action of a right-hand cylinder, action 1/3 - especially figs. 2A, 2B), the body is configured to include a third flow circuit (VP3), wherein the body (100) comprises a third outlet (C1 +) and a third inlet (C4- ), as well as for closing the channel (K1 ) which connects a second control channel (MK2) of the second control element (M2) to the first outlet (C5+) and for further opening the same to the third outlet (C1 +), and wherein the third outlet (C1 +) is adapted to be connected onto an inlet side (S1 , for example onto the piston side of a cylinder) of a fourth actuator (E4) and the third inlet (C4-) is adapted to be connected onto an outlet side (S4, for example onto the rod side of a cylinder) of the fourth actuator (E4). When the third configuration is modified by plugging the first outlet (C5+), the first inlet (C6-), the second inlet (C7-) and the second outlet (C8+), there is obtained a configuration that enables an additional action 2/2 (the action of a right-hand cylinder).

It should be noted that the second and third configurations can be implemented simultaneously, whereby the activation of both control elements (M1 , M2) enables a simultaneous action (action 2/3) of two actuators (E3 and E4), for example the simultaneous contraction and expansion of cylinders). In addition, plugging the first outlet (C5+), the first inlet (C6-), the second inlet (C7-) and the second outlet (C8+) enables an action 2/3 (the simultaneous contraction and expansion of a cylinder as both control elements are active or e.g. magnetic valves are electrified).

With regard to the hydraulic valve, the action 1/3 is conducted as follows: When the second control element (M2) is energized, the rod closes a first outlet (C5+) of the channel, whereby the preceding described action (action 1/1 ) closes, Hence, a controlled pressure flow is directed from the first main port (P1 ) to the third outlet along the channel (K1 ) (C1 +) and thence onto the cylinder's piston side (S1 ), whereby from the rod side the oil is directed to the third inlet (C4-) and thence further along the second channel (K2) to the return port (P2). The cylinder's motion in opposite direction occurs in a reverse manner as the control pressure flow is connected to the port (P2), whereby the first main line (P1 ) functions as a return port.

According to one embodiment, said third flow circuit (VP3) of the body can be configured as a third additional flow circuit and for providing a third additional action (simultaneous contraction and expansion of cylinders E3 and E4, action 2/3 - especially figs. 3A, 3B), in which embodiment both control elements (M1 , M2) are active.

With regard to the hydraulic valve, the action 2/3 is conducted as follows: When both control elements (M1 , M2) are energized, the rods close the first channel (K1 , between C7- and C5+), whereby the action 1/1 closes. Thereby, a controlled pressure flow is directed from the first main port (P1 ) along the channel (K1 ) to the third outlet (C1 +) and to the fourth outlet (C2+) and thence onto the cylinders' piston side (S1 , S2), whereby from the rod side (S3, S4) the oil is directed to the fourth inlet (C3-) and to the third inlet (C4-) and thence along the second channel (K2) to the return port (P2). The cylinders' motion in opposite direction occurs in a reverse manner as the control pressure flow is connected to the port (P2), whereby the first main line (P1 ) functions as a return port.

Still further, according to one embodiment, said third flow circuit of the body can be configured as a fourth additional flow circuit and for providing a fourth additional action (the action of a right-hand cylinder, action 2/2 - especially figs. 3A, 3B), in which embodiment at least the first outlet (C5+) is plugged and the fourth control element is active, thereby providing the configuration shown in figs. 3A and 3B and therein the action of a fourth actuator (E4).

With regard to the hydraulic valve, the action 2/2 is conducted as follows:

When the second control element (M2) is energized, a controlled pressure flow is directed from the first main port (P1 ) along the channel (K1 ) to the third outlet (C1 +) and thence onto the cylinder's piston side (S1 ), whereby from the rod side (S4) the oil is directed to the third inlet (C4-) and thence along the second channel (K2) to the return port (P2). The cylinders' motion in opposite direction occurs in a reverse manner as the control pressure flow is connected to the port (P2), whereby the first main line (P1 ) functions as a return port. In order to achieve other additional actions (actions 3/1 , 3/2, 3/3, 3/4), the body thus also comprises a fourth channel (K4) provided in the body between the first outlet (C5+) and the third outlet (C1 +), said fourth channel (k4) being adapted to be openably closable with a fourth plug (T4). In addition, the body also comprises a fifth channel (K5) provided in the body between the fourth outlet (C2+) and the second main port (P2), said fifth channel (K5) being adapted to be openably closable with a third plug (T3).

According to one embodiment of the invention, in order to establish the fourth, fifth and sixth flow circuits (VP4, VP5, VP6) (and, respectively, in order to enable the fourth 3/1 , fifth 3/2 and sixth 3/3 actions), the body has its first outlet (C5+), first inlet (C6-), second inlet (C7-) and second outlet (C8+) closed for example with a plug (cf. especially figs. 4A, 4B). In addition, the body has its fourth channel (K4) and fifth channel (K5) opened, such that the fourth channel (K4) links the first outlet (C5+) and the third outlet (C1 +) within the body to each other, and the fifth channel (K5) links the fourth outlet (C2+) and the second main port (P2) within the body to each other by way of the second channel (k2). This is possible by removing the plugs (T4, T5) which close said channels (K4, K5).

In order to enable a fourth action (e.g. the diagonal motion of cylinders, action 3/1 - especially figs. 4A, 4B) there is configured a fourth flow circuit (VP4), wherein the body (100) comprises a third outlet (C1 +) connected to the first main port (P1 ) by way of the fourth channel (K4), a third inlet (C4-) and a fourth inlet (C3-) connected thereto by way of the third channel (K3), as well as a fourth outlet (C2+) connected to the second main port (P2) by way of the fifth channel (K5). In the configuration, the third outlet (C1 +) is adapted to be connected to an inlet side (S1 , for example to the piston side of a cylinder) of a fourth actuator (E4), and the third inlet (C4-) is adapted to be connected to an outlet side (S4, for example to the rod side of a cylinder) of the fourth actuator (E4), and the fourth inlet (C3-) is adapted to be connected to an inlet side (S3, for example to the rod side of a cylinder) of a third actuator (E3) and the fourth outlet (C2+) is adapted to be connected to an outlet side (S2, for example to the piston side of a cylinder) of the third (E3) actuator.

With regard to the hydraulic valve, the action 3/1 is conducted as follows:

When the control elements are inactive (de-energized), a controlled pressure flow is directed from the first main port (P1 ) by way of the opened channel (K4) to the third outlet (C1 +) and thence onto the cylinder's (S1 ) piston side, whereby from the rod side (S4) the oil is directed to the third inlet (C4-) and thence along the connecting channel (K3) to the fourth inlet (C3-) and thence onto the cylinder's rod side (S3), whereby from the piston side (S3) the oil is directed to the fourth outlet (C2+) and thence by way of the opened channel (K5) to the return port (P2). The cylinders' motion in opposite direction occurs in a reverse manner as the control pressure flow is connected to the port (P2), whereby the first main line (P1 ) functions as a return port.

In order to enable a fifth action (e.g. the action 3/2 of a left-hand cylinder - especially figs. 4A, 4B), the body is configured to include a fifth flow circuit (VP5), wherein the body (100) comprises a first control channel (MK1 ) for a first control element (M1 ), such that a communication of the fourth outlet (C2+) by way of the fifth channel (K5) with the second main port (P2), and the third channel (K3) present between the third inlet (C4-) and the fourth inlet (C3-), are adapted to be closed by the action of said control element (M1 ); and whereby the channel between the first main port (P1 ) and the fourth outlet (C2+) is adapted to be opened by way of the first channel (K1 ) by the action of said first control element (M1 ), and the channel between the second main port (P2) and the fourth inlet (C3- ) is adapted to be opened by way of the second channel (K2) by the action of said first control element (M1 ). In the example, the fourth outlet (C2+) is adapted to be connected to an inlet side (S3, for example to the piston side of a cylinder) of a third actuator (E3) and the fourth inlet (C3-) is adapted to be connected to an outlet side (S3, for example to the rod side of a cylinder) of the third actuator (E3).

With regard to the hydraulic valve, the action 3/2 is conducted as follows:

When the first control element (M1 ) is energized, the rod closes the second (already plugged in this particular action) inlet (C7-), whereby the preceding described action 1/1 closes. Thus, a controlled pressure flow is directed from the first main port (P1 ) to the fourth outlet (C2+) by way of the first channel (K1 ) and thence onto the cylinder's piston side (S2), whereby from the rod side (S3) the oil is directed to the fourth inlet (C3-), and thence along the second channel (K2) to the return port (P2). The cylinders' motion in opposite direction occurs in a reverse manner as the control pressure flow is connected to the port (P2), whereby the first main line (P1 ) functions as a return port.

In order to enable a sixth action (e.g. the action 3/3 of a right-hand cylinder - especially figs. 4A, 4B), the body is configured to include a sixth flow circuit (VP6), wherein the body (100) in this case comprises a second control channel (Mk2) for a control element (M2), such that a communication of the third outlet (C1 +) by way of the firs channel (K1 ) with the first main port (P1 ) is adapted to opened and the fourth channel (K4) between the third outlet (C1 +) and the first outlet (C5+) is adapted to be closed and a communication of the third inlet (C4-) with the third channel (K3) is adapted to be closed by the action of said second control element (M2). Further in the configuration, a communication is adapted to be established between the third inlet (C4-) and the second main port (P2) by way of the second channel (K2) by the action of said control element (M2). In the example, the third outlet (C1 +) is adapted to be connected to an inlet side (S1 , for example to the piston side of a cylinder) of a fourth actuator (E4) and the third inlet (C4-) is adapted to be connected to an outlet side (S4, for example to the rod side of a cylinder) of the fourth actuator (E4).

With regard to the hydraulic valve, the action 3/3 is conducted as follows:

When the second control element (M2) is energized, the rod closes the fourth channel (K4) and the first outlet (C5+), whereby the preceding action 1/1 closes. Hence, a controlled pressure flow is directed from the first main port (P1 ) by way of the first channel (K1 ) to the third outlet (C1 +) and thence onto the cylinder's piston side (S1 ), whereby from the rod side (S4) the oil is directed to the third inlet (C4-) and thence along the second channel (K2) to the return port (P2). The cylinders' motion in opposite direction occurs in a reverse manner as the control pressure flow is connected to the port (P2), whereby the first main line (P1 ) functions as a return port.

It is to be noted that the fifth and sixth configurations can be carried out simultaneously, whereby, when activating both control elements (M1 , M2), there is achieved a simultaneous action (action 3/4) of two actuators (E3 and E4), for example a simultaneous contraction and expansion of cylinders).

With regard to the hydraulic valve, the action 3/4 is conducted as follows:

When both control elements (M1 , M2) are energized, the rods close the second inlet (C7-) (already plugged as such) and the first outlet (C5+), whereby the action 1/1 closes, as well as close at the same time the third, fourth and fifth channels (K3, K4, K5). Hence, a controlled pressure flow is directed from the first main port (P1 ) to the third outlet (C1 +) and the fourth outlet (C2+) of the first channel (K1 ) and thence onto the cylinder's piston side (S1 , S2), whereby from the rod side (S3, S4) the oil is directed to the fourth inlet (C3-) and to the third inlet (C4-) and thence along the second channel (K2) to the return port (P2). The cylinders' motion in opposite direction occurs in a reverse manner as the control pressure flow is connected to the port (P2), whereby the first main line (P1 ) functions as a return port.

Furthermore, according to one embodiment of the invention, the body is fitted with sites or channels for safety valves/backpressure valves, whereby, the attachment of said valves to the body enables the body to operate as a multipurpose hydraulic valve. Such examples are depicted in figs. 2A-5B. Most preferably, a first safety valve/backpressure valve (V1 ) is adapted to be connected for communication with the second outlet (C8+) by way of a first safety channel (VK1 ) included in the body. A second safety valve/backpressure valve (V2) is adapted to be connected for communication with the first outlet (C5+) by way of a second safety channel (VK2) included in the body. A third safety valve (V3) is adapted to be connected for communication with the third outlet (C1 +) by way of a third safety channel (VK3) included in the body. A fourth safety valve (V4) is adapted to be connected for communication with the fourth outlet (C2+) by way of a fourth safety channel (VK4) included in the body.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the body also comprises a site for a fifth safety valve/backpressure valve (V5), which is adapted to be connected, by way of a fifth safety channel (VK5), to the third channel (K3) linking the fourth inlet (C3-) and the third inlet (C4-), such that said safety channels are further adapted to be directed into a joint return channel (15). Such an example regarding the use of a fifth safety valve/backpressure valve (V5) is shown in figs. 2A-4B.

In addition, figs. 5A-5B illustrate another exemplary valve body according to one preferred embodiment of the invention, wherein the body also comprises a site for one sixth safety valve/backpressure valve (V6), which is most preferably adapted to be connected for communication with the fourth inlet (C3-) by way of a sixth safety channel (VK6). In the aforesaid embodiment, the body may also comprise a site for a seventh safety valve/backpressure valve (V7), which is most preferably adapted to be connected for communication with the third inlet (C4-) by way of a seventh safety channel (VK7). In the embodiment, the body most preferably comprises a second connecting channel passage (YK2), which is adapted to link said sixth and seventh safety valves/backpressure valves (V6, V7) with each other, as well as to link these with a joint return channel (15) included in the body. According to one example, said safety channels are adapted, whenever necessary, to discharge the pressure into a pressure accumulator (not shown in the figures) attached to the body and, further, whenever necessary, to discharge the pressure back from the pressure accumulator by way of said fifth (V5) into the third channel (K3)present between the fourth inlet (C3-) and the third inlet (C4-). According to one embodiment, the pressure is adapted to discharge by way of the sixth safety channel (VK6) and/or the seventh safety channel (VK7), as well as by way of the respective backpressure valves/safety valves (V6, V7), into the fourth inlet (C3-) and/or the third inlet (C4-).

Further, according to one embodiment, the body also comprises an eighth safety channel (VK) for connecting the first safety channel (VK1 ) and the second safety channel (VK2) to the joint return channel (15). The return channel and the safety/backpressure valves connected thereto (in the case of a hydraulic valve, in which the body comprises appropriate safety/backpressure valves) are adapted, as necessary, to discharge the pressure into a pressure accumulator attached to the body or into some other external arrangement, such as a tank line or a separate vessel or the like (not shown in the figures), and further, as necessary, to deliver the pressure back from the joint return channel (15) by way of the first safety channel (VK1 ) and the second safety channel (VK2), and further, for example, by way of the V1 and V2 safety valves/backpressure valves - (backpressure valves present in valve cartridges) - to the second outlet (C8+) and/or to the first outlet (C5+). In this case, regarding for example a pressure shock applied to the valve V1 , some of it passes immediately onto the opposite side, and regarding for example a shock applied to the second outlet (C8+) (to be noted that C8+ is connected by the second channel (K2) for outlet communication with the first inlet (C6-), i.e. is adapted to discharge the pressure there as well), some of it passes by way of the valve V1 into a pressure accumulator and some along a connected channel present between the valves V1 and V2, and further by way of the V2 safety valve/backpressure valve, to the first outlet (C5+) (to be noted that C5+ is connected by way of the first channel (K1 ) to the second inlet (C7-), the pressure being adapted to be discharged to wherever the existing pressure is more favorable, i.e. lower) and, thus, further also to the second inlet (C7-) along the first channel (K1 ) provided between these (C5+, C7-). Thus, in the example, the body is provided with a first connecting channel (YK1 ) for linking to each other the channels of the first safety valve/backpressure valve (V1 ) and the second safety valve/backpressure valve (V2).

It should be noted that the safety valve/backpressure valve arrangements can be implemented either with a single safety valve/backpressure valve or with two different functional components, one of which is a safety valve and the other a backpressure valve.

The invention relates also to a hydraulic valve, which is attained by supplementing a hydraulic valve body of the invention with appropriate valves and control elements. The hydraulic valve according to the invention comprises most preferably a body according to any of the aforementioned embodiments, as well as first and second control elements (M1 , M2), disposed in first and second control channels (Mk1 , Mk2) associated in communication with first, second and third channels (K1 , K2, K3) and to be controlled from outside independently of each other. Said control element comprises most preferably a movable rod disposed in the control channel (Mk1 , Mk2), said rod being adapted to establish at least some of said configurations for the body's channel system. According to one example, the control element is a magnetic valve (M1 , M2), but it can also be a pneumatically, hydraulically or mechanically controlled valve.

Specifically, according to one example, the hydraulic valve body is internally fitted with backpressure valves (V1 , V2, V3, V4, V5, V6, V7) for returning fluid by way of the backpressure valve onto the piston/rod side of a cylinder coupled with the hydraulic valve, as well as for returning excess fluid, resulting from a volume difference, for example into a pressure accumulator by way of a return port (15) which is arranged to discharge the pressure to a first available port (C1 +, C2+, C3- , C4-, also C5+, C8+; by way of the channel K1 or K2 to C7- and C6-), in which the pressure is favorable for receiving a shock-generated pressure. It should be noted that the valves (V3, V4) can also be replaced with safety/backpressure valves, the latter being adapted, as necessary, to discharge the pressure also to the ports (C1 +, C2+).

Fig. 6 shows the channel systems of one exemplary valve body in accordance with one preferred embodiment of the invention. The displayed channels (K1 -K5, MK1 , MK2) have been described in more detail elsewhere in this document.

Described above are just a few embodiments for a solution according to the invention. The principle of the invention can naturally be varied within the scope of protection defined by the claims, regarding for example implementation details as well as fields of use. It is particularly notable that said connections of the body's ports can of course made independently of the body on any actuator or any outlet of an actuator and the foregoing are just examples. In addition, the body's ports and channels, for example the return channel (15), are shown in the figures at certain locations, but it should be appreciated that these can naturally be located also elsewhere in the body, nor are the locations thereof in the body in any way limited by the invention and the claims.