WENG HENGYOU (US)
HUANG HUILIN (US)
HORNE DAVID (US)
MA YUELONG (US)
LI HONGZHI (US)
DENG XIAOLAN (US)
WO2011017106A1 | 2011-02-10 |
US20100035940A1 | 2010-02-11 | |||
US20170095459A1 | 2017-04-06 |
TING LI, PEI-SHAN HU, ZHIXIANG ZUO, JIN-FEI LIN, XINGYANG LI, QI-NIAN WU, ZHAN-HONG CHEN, ZHAO-LEI ZENG, FENG WANG, JIAN ZHENG, DE: "METTL3 facilitates tumor progression via an m6A-IGF2BP2-dependent mechanism in colorectal carcinoma", MOLECULAR CANCER, vol. 18, no. 1, 112, 24 June 2019 (2019-06-24), pages 1 - 15, XP055846511, DOI: 10.1186/s12943-019-1038-7
HU, X ET AL.: "IGF2BP2 regulates DANCR by serving as an N6-methyladenosine reader", CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION, vol. 27, no. 6, 5 December 2019 (2019-12-05), pages 1782 - 1794, XP037145294, DOI: 10.1038/s41418-019-0461-z
WHAT IS CLAIMED IS: 1. A method of treating a disease associated with a high level of IGF2BP2 in a subject in need thereof, said method comprising administering to the subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound having the formula wherein Ring A is a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; is a single bond or a double bond; R1 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX13, -CHX12, -CH2X1, -OCX13, -OCH2X1, -OCHX12, -CN, -SOn1R1D, -SOv1NR1AR1B, -NHC(O)NR1AR1B, -NR1CNR1AR1B, -ONR1AR1B, -NHC(O)NR1CNR1AR1B, -N(O)m1, -NR1AR1B, -C(O)R1C, -C(O)OR1C, -C(O)NR1AR1B, -OR1D, -NR1ASO2R1D, -NR1AC(O)R1C, -NR1AC(O)OR1C, -NR1AOR1C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R2 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX23, -CHX22, -CH2X2, -OCX23, -OCH2X2, -OCHX22, -CN, -SOn2R2D, -SOv2NR2AR2B, -NHC(O)NR2AR2B, -NR2CNR2AR2B, -ONR2AR2B, -NHC(O)NR2CNR2AR2B, -N(O)m2, -NR2AR2B, -C(O)R2C, -C(O)OR2C, -C(O)NR2AR2B, -OR2D, -NR2ASO2R2D, -NR2AC(O)R2C, -NR2AC(O)OR2C, -NR2AOR2C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R3 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX33, -CHX32, -CH2X3, -OCX33, -OCH2X3, -OCHX32, -CN, -SOn3R3D, -SOv3NR3AR3B, -NHC(O)NR3AR3B, -NR3CNR3AR3B, -ONR3AR3B, -NHC(O)NR3CNR3AR3B, -N(O)m3, -NR3AR3B, -C(O)R3C, -C(O)OR3C, -C(O)NR3AR3B, -OR3D, -NR3ASO2R3D, -NR3AC(O)R3C, -NR3AC(O)OR3C, -NR3AOR3C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R4 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX43, -CHX42, -CH2X4, -OCX43, -OCH2X4, -OCHX42, -CN, -SOn4R4D, -SOv4NR4AR4B, -NHC(O)NR4AR4B, -NR4CNR4AR4B, -ONR4AR4B, -NHC(O)NR4CNR4AR4B, -N(O)m4, -NR4AR4B, -C(O)R4C, -C(O)OR4C, -C(O)NR4AR4B, -OR4D, -NR4ASO2R4D, -NR4AC(O)R4C, -NR4AC(O)OR4C, -NR4AOR4C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R5 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX53, -CHX52, -CH2X5, -OCX53, -OCH2X5, -OCHX52, -CN, -SOn5R5D, -SOv5NR5AR5B, -NHC(O)NR5AR5B, -NR5CNR5AR5B, -ONR5AR5B, -NHC(O)NR5CNR5AR5B, -N(O)m5, -NR5AR5B, -C(O)R5C, -C(O)OR5C, -C(O)NR5AR5B, -OR5D, -NR5ASO2R5D, -NR5AC(O)R5C, -NR5AC(O)OR5C, -NR5AOR5C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R6 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX63, -CHX62, -CH2X6, -OCX63, -OCH2X6, -OCHX62, -CN, -SOn6R6D, -SOv6NR6AR6B, -NHC(O)NR6AR6B, -NR6CNR6AR6B, -ONR6AR6B, -NHC(O)NR6CNR6AR6B, -N(O)m6, -NR6AR6B, -C(O)R6C, -C(O)OR6C, -C(O)NR6AR6B, -OR6D, -NR6ASO2R6D, -NR6AC(O)R6C, -NR6AC(O)OR6C, -NR6AOR6C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R7 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX73, -CHX72, -CH2X7, -OCX73, -OCH2X7, -OCHX72, -CN, -SOn7R7D, -SOv7NR7AR7B, -NHC(O)NR7AR7B, -NR7CNR7AR7B, -ONR7AR7B, -NHC(O)NR7CNR7AR7B, -N(O)m7, -NR7AR7B, -C(O)R7C, -C(O)OR7C, -C(O)NR7AR7B, -OR7D, -NR7ASO2R7D, -NR7AC(O)R7C, -NR7AC(O)OR7C, -NR7AOR7C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R8 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX83, -CHX82, -CH2X8, -OCX83, -OCH2X8, -OCHX82, -CN, -SOn8R8D, -SOv8NR8AR8B, -NHC(O)NR8AR8B, -NR8CNR8AR8B, -ONR8AR8B, -NHC(O)NR8CNR8AR8B, -N(O)m8, -NR8AR8B, -C(O)R8C, -C(O)OR8C, -C(O)NR8AR8B, -OR8D, -NR8ASO2R8D, -NR8AC(O)R8C, -NR8AC(O)OR8C, -NR8AOR8C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R9 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX93, -CHX92, -CH2X9, -OCX93, -OCH2X9, -OCHX92, -CN, -SOn9R9D, -SOv9NR9AR9B, -NHC(O)NR9AR9B, -NR9CNR9AR9B, -ONR9AR9B, -NHC(O)NR9CNR9AR9B, -N(O)m9, -NR9AR9B, -C(O)R9C, -C(O)OR9C, -C(O)NR9AR9B, -OR9D, -NR9ASO2R9D, -NR9AC(O)R9C, -NR9AC(O)OR9C, -NR9AOR9C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R10 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX103, -CHX102, -CH2X10, -OCX103, -OCH2X10, -OCHX102, -CN, -SOn10R10D, -SOv10NR10AR10B, -NHC(O)NR10AR10B, -NR10CNR10AR10B, -ONR10AR10B, -NHC(O)NR10CNR10AR10B, -N(O)m10, -NR10AR10B, -C(O)R10C, -C(O)OR10C, -C(O)NR10AR10B, -OR10D, -NR10ASO2R10D, -NR10AC(O)R10C, -NR10AC(O)OR10C, -NR10AOR10C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R11 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX113, -CHX112, -CH2X11, -OCX113, -OCH2X11, -OCHX112, -CN, -SOn11R11D, -SOv11NR11AR11B, -NHC(O)NR11AR11B, -NR11CNR11AR11B, -ONR11AR11B, -NHC(O)NR11CNR11AR11B, -N(O)m11, -NR11AR11B, -C(O)R11C, -C(O)OR11C, -C(O)NR11AR11B, -OR11D, -NR11ASO2R11D, -NR11AC(O)R11C, -NR11AC(O)OR11C, -NR11AOR11C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R12 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX123, -CHX122, -CH2X12, -OCX123, -OCH2X12, -OCHX122, -CN, -SOn12R12D, -SOv12NR12AR12B, -NHC(O)NR12AR12B, -NR12CNR12AR12B, -ONR12AR12B, -NHC(O)NR12CNR12AR12B, -N(O)m12, -NR12AR12B, -C(O)R12C, -C(O)OR12C, -C(O)NR12AR12B, -OR12D, -NR12ASO2R12D, -NR12AC(O)R12C, -NR12AC(O)OR12C, -NR12AOR12C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R13 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX133, -CHX132, -CH2X13, -OCX133, -OCH2X13, -OCHX132, -CN, -SOn13R13D, -SOv13NR13AR13B, -NHC(O)NR13AR13B, -NR13CNR13AR13B, -ONR13AR13B, -NHC(O)NR13CNR13AR13B, -N(O)m13, -NR13AR13B, -C(O)R13C, -C(O)OR13C, -C(O)NR13AR13B, -OR13D, -NR13ASO2R13D, -NR13AC(O)R13C, -NR13AC(O)OR13C, -NR13AOR13C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R14 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX143, -CHX142, -CH2X14, -OCX143, -OCH2X14, -OCHX142, -CN, -SOn14R14D, -SOv14NR14AR14B, -NHC(O)NR14AR14B, -NR14CNR14AR14B, -ONR14AR14B, -NHC(O)NR14CNR14AR14B, -N(O)m14, -NR14AR14B, -C(O)R14C, -C(O)OR14C, -C(O)NR14AR14B, -OR14D, -NR14ASO2R14D, -NR14AC(O)R14C, -NR14AC(O)OR14C, -NR14AOR14C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R15 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX153, -CHX152, -CH2X15, -OCX153, -OCH2X15, -OCHX152, -CN, -SOn15R15D, -SOv15NR15AR15B, -NHC(O)NR15AR15B, -NR15CNR15AR15B, -ONR15AR15B, -NHC(O)NR15CNR15AR15B, -N(O)m15, -NR15AR15B, -C(O)R15C, -C(O)OR15C, -C(O)NR15AR15B, -OR15D, -NR15ASO2R15D, -NR15AC(O)R15C, -NR15AC(O)OR15C, -NR15AOR15C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R1 and R2 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R2 and R3 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R3 and R4 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R4 and R5 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R6 and R7 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R7 and R8 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R8 and R9 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R9 and R10 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R11 and R12 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R12 and R13 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R13 and R14 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R14 and R15 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R1A, R1B, R1C, R1D, R2A, R2B, R2C, R2D, R3A, R3B, R3C, R3D, R4A, R4B, R4C, R4D, R5A, R5B, R5C, R5D, R6A, R6B, R6C, R6D, R7A, R7B, R7C, R7D, R8A, R8B, R8C, R8D, R9A, R9B, R9C, R9D, R10A, R10B, R10C, R10D, R11A, R11B, R11C, R11D, R12A, R12B, R12C, R12D, R13A, R13B, R13C, R13D, R14A, R14B, R14C, R14D, R15A, R15B, R15C, and R15D are independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF3, -CI3, -CH2Cl, -CH2Br, -CH2F, -CH2I, -CHCl2, -CHBr2, -CHF2, -CHI2, -CN, -OH, -NH2, -COOH, -CONH2, -NO2, -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO2NH2, -NHNH2, -ONH2, -NHC(O)NHNH2, -NHC(O)NH2, -NHSO2H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF3, -OCI3, -OCH2Cl, -OCH2Br, -OCH2F, -OCH2I, -OCHCl2, -OCHBr2, -OCHF2, -OCHI2, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R1A and R1B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R2A and R2B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R3A and R3B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R4A and R4B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R5A and R5B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R6A and R6B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R7A and R7B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R8A and R8B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R9A and R9B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R10A and R10B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R11A and R11B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R12A and R12B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R13A and R13B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R14A and R14B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R15A and R15B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; n1, n2, n3, n4, n5, n6, n7, n8, n9, n10, n11, n12, n13, n14, and n15 are independently an integer from 0 to 4; m1, m2, m3, m4, m5, m6, m7, m8, m9, m10, m11, m12, m13, m14, m15, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, and v15 are independently 1 or 2; and X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, X7, X8, X9, X10, X11, X12, X13, X14, and X15 are independently –F, -Cl, -Br, or –I. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the compound has the formula 3. The method of claim 2, wherein R1 is independently –OR1D; R6 is independently –OR6D; R11 is independently –OR11D; and R4, R9, and R14 are each independently halogen. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein R1, R6, and R11 are each independently –OH; and R4, R9, and R14 are each independently -Cl. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the compound has the formula 6. The method of claim 5, wherein R1 is independently –OR1D; R6 is independently –OR6D; and R4 and R9 are each independently halogen. 7. The method of claim 5, wherein R1 and R6 are each independently –OH; and R4 and R9 are each independently -Cl. 8. The method of one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the disease associated with a high level of IGF2BP2 is a cancer. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the cancer is acute myeloid leukemia, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, esophageal adenocarcinoma, endometrial adenocarcinoma, liposarcoma, glioma, glioblastoma, or gallbladder cancer. 10. A compound having the formula (IVa); wherein R1 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX13, -CHX12, -CH2X1, -OCX13, -OCH2X1, -OCHX12, -CN, -SOn1R1D, -SOv1NR1AR1B, -NHC(O)NR1AR1B, -NR1CNR1AR1B, -ONR1AR1B, -NHC(O)NR1CNR1AR1B, -N(O)m1, -NR1AR1B, -C(O)R1C, -C(O)OR1C, -C(O)NR1AR1B, -OR1D, -NR1ASO2R1D, -NR1AC(O)R1C, -NR1AC(O)OR1C, -NR1AOR1C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R4 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX43, -CHX42, -CH2X4, -OCX43, -OCH2X4, -OCHX42, -CN, -SOn4R4D, -SOv4NR4AR4B, -NHC(O)NR4AR4B, -NR4CNR4AR4B, -ONR4AR4B, -NHC(O)NR4CNR4AR4B, -N(O)m4, -NR4AR4B, -C(O)R4C, -C(O)OR4C, -C(O)NR4AR4B, -OR4D, -NR4ASO2R4D, -NR4AC(O)R4C, -NR4AC(O)OR4C, -NR4AOR4C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R6 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX63, -CHX62, -CH2X6, -OCX63, -OCH2X6, -OCHX62, -CN, -SOn6R6D, -SOv6NR6AR6B, -NHC(O)NR6AR6B, -NR6CNR6AR6B, -ONR6AR6B, -NHC(O)NR6CNR6AR6B, -N(O)m6, -NR6AR6B, -C(O)R6C, -C(O)OR6C, -C(O)NR6AR6B, -OR6D, -NR6ASO2R6D, -NR6AC(O)R6C, -NR6AC(O)OR6C, -NR6AOR6C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R9 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX93, -CHX92, -CH2X9, -OCX93, -OCH2X9, -OCHX92, -CN, -SOn9R9D, -SOv9NR9AR9B, -NHC(O)NR9AR9B, -NR9CNR9AR9B, -ONR9AR9B, -NHC(O)NR9CNR9AR9B, -N(O)m9, -NR9AR9B, -C(O)R9C, -C(O)OR9C, -C(O)NR9AR9B, -OR9D, -NR9ASO2R9D, -NR9AC(O)R9C, -NR9AC(O)OR9C, -NR9AOR9C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R11 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX113, -CHX112, -CH2X11, -OCX113, -OCH2X11, -OCHX112, -CN, -SOn11R11D, -SOv11NR11AR11B, -NHC(O)NR11AR11B, -NR11CNR11AR11B, -ONR11AR11B, -NHC(O)NR11CNR11AR11B, -N(O)m11, -NR11AR11B, -C(O)R11C, -C(O)OR11C, -C(O)NR11AR11B, -OR11D, -NR11ASO2R11D, -NR11AC(O)R11C, -NR11AC(O)OR11C, -NR11AOR11C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R14 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX143, -CHX142, -CH2X14, -OCX143, -OCH2X14, -OCHX142, -CN, -SOn14R14D, -SOv14NR14AR14B, -NHC(O)NR14AR14B, -NR14CNR14AR14B, -ONR14AR14B, -NHC(O)NR14CNR14AR14B, -N(O)m14, -NR14AR14B, -C(O)R14C, -C(O)OR14C, -C(O)NR14AR14B, -OR14D, -NR14ASO2R14D, -NR14AC(O)R14C, -NR14AC(O)OR14C, -NR14AOR14C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R1A, R1B, R1C, R1D, R4A, R4B, R4C, R4D, R6A, R6B, R6C, R6D, R9A, R9B, R9C, R9D, R11A, R11B, R11C, R11D, R14A, R14B, R14C, and R14D are independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF3, -CI3, -CH2Cl, -CH2Br, -CH2F, -CH2I, -CHCl2, -CHBr2, -CHF2, -CHI2, -CN, -OH, -NH2, -COOH, -CONH2, -NO2, -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO2NH2, -NHNH2, -ONH2, -NHC(O)NHNH2, -NHC(O)NH2, -NHSO2H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF3, -OCI3, -OCH2Cl, -OCH2Br, -OCH2F, -OCH2I, -OCHCl2, -OCHBr2, -OCHF2, -OCHI2, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R1A and R1B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R4A and R4B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R6A and R6B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R9A and R9B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R11A and R11B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R14A and R14B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; n1, n4, n6, n9, n11, and n14 are independently an integer from 0 to 4; m1, m4, m6, m9, m11, m14, v1, v4, v6, v9, v11, and v14 are independently 1 or 2; and X1, X4, X6, X9, X11, and X14 are independently –F, -Cl, -Br, or –I; wherein the compound is not 11. The compound of claim 10, having the formula 12. The compound of claim 11, wherein R1 is independently –OR1D; R6 is independently –OR6D; R11 is independently –OR11D; and R4, R9, and R14 are each independently -Cl. 13. The compound of claim 11, wherein R1, R6, and R11 are each independently –OH; and R4, R9, and R14 are each independently -Cl. 14. The compound of claim 10, having the formula 15. The compound of claim 14, wherein R1 is independently –OR1D; R6 is independently –OR6D; and R4 and R9 are each independently halogen. 16. The compound of claim 14, wherein R1 and R6 are each independently –OH; and R4 and R9 are each independently -Cl. 17. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of one of claims 10 to 16 and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. 18. A method of modulating the level of activity of IGF2BP2 in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising administering to the subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound, wherein the compound has the formula wherein Ring A is a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; is a single bond or a double bond; R1 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX13, -CHX12, -CH2X1, -OCX13, -OCH2X1, -OCHX12, -CN, -SOn1R1D, -SOv1NR1AR1B, -NHC(O)NR1AR1B, -NR1CNR1AR1B, -ONR1AR1B, -NHC(O)NR1CNR1AR1B, -N(O)m1, -NR1AR1B, -C(O)R1C, -C(O)OR1C, -C(O)NR1AR1B, -OR1D, -NR1ASO2R1D, -NR1AC(O)R1C, -NR1AC(O)OR1C, -NR1AOR1C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R2 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX23, -CHX22, -CH2X2, -OCX23, -OCH2X2, -OCHX22, -CN, -SOn2R2D, -SOv2NR2AR2B, -NHC(O)NR2AR2B, -NR2CNR2AR2B, -ONR2AR2B, -NHC(O)NR2CNR2AR2B, -N(O)m2, -NR2AR2B, -C(O)R2C, -C(O)OR2C, -C(O)NR2AR2B, -OR2D, -NR2ASO2R2D, -NR2AC(O)R2C, -NR2AC(O)OR2C, -NR2AOR2C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R3 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX33, -CHX32, -CH2X3, -OCX33, -OCH2X3, -OCHX32, -CN, -SOn3R3D, -SOv3NR3AR3B, -NHC(O)NR3AR3B, -NR3CNR3AR3B, -ONR3AR3B, -NHC(O)NR3CNR3AR3B, -N(O)m3, -NR3AR3B, -C(O)R3C, -C(O)OR3C, -C(O)NR3AR3B, -OR3D, -NR3ASO2R3D, -NR3AC(O)R3C, -NR3AC(O)OR3C, -NR3AOR3C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R4 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX43, -CHX42, -CH2X4, -OCX43, -OCH2X4, -OCHX42, -CN, -SOn4R4D, -SOv4NR4AR4B, -NHC(O)NR4AR4B, -NR4CNR4AR4B, -ONR4AR4B, -NHC(O)NR4CNR4AR4B, -N(O)m4, -NR4AR4B, -C(O)R4C, -C(O)OR4C, -C(O)NR4AR4B, -OR4D, -NR4ASO2R4D, -NR4AC(O)R4C, -NR4AC(O)OR4C, -NR4AOR4C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R5 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX53, -CHX52, -CH2X5, -OCX53, -OCH2X5, -OCHX52, -CN, -SOn5R5D, -SOv5NR5AR5B, -NHC(O)NR5AR5B, -NR5CNR5AR5B, -ONR5AR5B, -NHC(O)NR5CNR5AR5B, -N(O)m5, -NR5AR5B, -C(O)R5C, -C(O)OR5C, -C(O)NR5AR5B, -OR5D, -NR5ASO2R5D, -NR5AC(O)R5C, -NR5AC(O)OR5C, -NR5AOR5C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R6 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX63, -CHX62, -CH2X6, -OCX63, -OCH2X6, -OCHX62, -CN, -SOn6R6D, -SOv6NR6AR6B, -NHC(O)NR6AR6B, -NR6CNR6AR6B, -ONR6AR6B, -NHC(O)NR6CNR6AR6B, -N(O)m6, -NR6AR6B, -C(O)R6C, -C(O)OR6C, -C(O)NR6AR6B, -OR6D, -NR6ASO2R6D, -NR6AC(O)R6C, -NR6AC(O)OR6C, -NR6AOR6C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R7 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX73, -CHX72, -CH2X7, -OCX73, -OCH2X7, -OCHX72, -CN, -SOn7R7D, -SOv7NR7AR7B, -NHC(O)NR7AR7B, -NR7CNR7AR7B, -ONR7AR7B, -NHC(O)NR7CNR7AR7B, -N(O)m7, -NR7AR7B, -C(O)R7C, -C(O)OR7C, -C(O)NR7AR7B, -OR7D, -NR7ASO2R7D, -NR7AC(O)R7C, -NR7AC(O)OR7C, -NR7AOR7C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R8 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX83, -CHX82, -CH2X8, -OCX83, -OCH2X8, -OCHX82, -CN, -SOn8R8D, -SOv8NR8AR8B, -NHC(O)NR8AR8B, -NR8CNR8AR8B, -ONR8AR8B, -NHC(O)NR8CNR8AR8B, -N(O)m8, -NR8AR8B, -C(O)R8C, -C(O)OR8C, -C(O)NR8AR8B, -OR8D, -NR8ASO2R8D, -NR8AC(O)R8C, -NR8AC(O)OR8C, -NR8AOR8C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R9 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX93, -CHX92, -CH2X9, -OCX93, -OCH2X9, -OCHX92, -CN, -SOn9R9D, -SOv9NR9AR9B, -NHC(O)NR9AR9B, -NR9CNR9AR9B, -ONR9AR9B, -NHC(O)NR9CNR9AR9B, -N(O)m9, -NR9AR9B, -C(O)R9C, -C(O)OR9C, -C(O)NR9AR9B, -OR9D, -NR9ASO2R9D, -NR9AC(O)R9C, -NR9AC(O)OR9C, -NR9AOR9C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R10 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX103, -CHX102, -CH2X10, -OCX103, -OCH2X10, -OCHX102, -CN, -SOn10R10D, -SOv10NR10AR10B, -NHC(O)NR10AR10B, -NR10CNR10AR10B, -ONR10AR10B, -NHC(O)NR10CNR10AR10B, -N(O)m10, -NR10AR10B, -C(O)R10C, -C(O)OR10C, -C(O)NR10AR10B, -OR10D, -NR10ASO2R10D, -NR10AC(O)R10C, -NR10AC(O)OR10C, -NR10AOR10C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R11 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX113, -CHX112, -CH2X11, -OCX113, -OCH2X11, -OCHX112, -CN, -SOn11R11D, -SOv11NR11AR11B, -NHC(O)NR11AR11B, -NR11CNR11AR11B, -ONR11AR11B, -NHC(O)NR11CNR11AR11B, -N(O)m11, -NR11AR11B, -C(O)R11C, -C(O)OR11C, -C(O)NR11AR11B, -OR11D, -NR11ASO2R11D, -NR11AC(O)R11C, -NR11AC(O)OR11C, -NR11AOR11C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R12 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX123, -CHX122, -CH2X12, -OCX123, -OCH2X12, -OCHX122, -CN, -SOn12R12D, -SOv12NR12AR12B, -NHC(O)NR12AR12B, -NR12CNR12AR12B, -ONR12AR12B, -NHC(O)NR12CNR12AR12B, -N(O)m12, -NR12AR12B, -C(O)R12C, -C(O)OR12C, -C(O)NR12AR12B, -OR12D, -NR12ASO2R12D, -NR12AC(O)R12C, -NR12AC(O)OR12C, -NR12AOR12C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R13 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX133, -CHX132, -CH2X13, -OCX133, -OCH2X13, -OCHX132, -CN, -SOn13R13D, -SOv13NR13AR13B, -NHC(O)NR13AR13B, -NR13CNR13AR13B, -ONR13AR13B, -NHC(O)NR13CNR13AR13B, -N(O)m13, -NR13AR13B, -C(O)R13C, -C(O)OR13C, -C(O)NR13AR13B, -OR13D, -NR13ASO2R13D, -NR13AC(O)R13C, -NR13AC(O)OR13C, -NR13AOR13C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R14 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX143, -CHX142, -CH2X14, -OCX143, -OCH2X14, -OCHX142, -CN, -SOn14R14D, -SOv14NR14AR14B, -NHC(O)NR14AR14B, -NR14CNR14AR14B, -ONR14AR14B, -NHC(O)NR14CNR14AR14B, -N(O)m14, -NR14AR14B, -C(O)R14C, -C(O)OR14C, -C(O)NR14AR14B, -OR14D, -NR14ASO2R14D, -NR14AC(O)R14C, -NR14AC(O)OR14C, -NR14AOR14C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R15 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX153, -CHX152, -CH2X15, -OCX153, -OCH2X15, -OCHX152, -CN, -SOn15R15D, -SOv15NR15AR15B, -NHC(O)NR15AR15B, -NR15CNR15AR15B, -ONR15AR15B, -NHC(O)NR15CNR15AR15B, -N(O)m15, -NR15AR15B, -C(O)R15C, -C(O)OR15C, -C(O)NR15AR15B, -OR15D, -NR15ASO2R15D, -NR15AC(O)R15C, -NR15AC(O)OR15C, -NR15AOR15C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R1 and R2 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R2 and R3 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R3 and R4 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R4 and R5 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R6 and R7 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R7 and R8 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R8 and R9 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R9 and R10 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R11 and R12 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R12 and R13 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R13 and R14 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R14 and R15 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R1A, R1B, R1C, R1D, R2A, R2B, R2C, R2D, R3A, R3B, R3C, R3D, R4A, R4B, R4C, R4D, R5A, R5B, R5C, R5D, R6A, R6B, R6C, R6D, R7A, R7B, R7C, R7D, R8A, R8B, R8C, R8D, R9A, R9B, R9C, R9D, R10A, R10B, R10C, R10D, R11A, R11B, R11C, R11D, R12A, R12B, R12C, R12D, R13A, R13B, R13C, R13D, R14A, R14B, R14C, R14D, R15A, R15B, R15C, and R15D are independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF3, -Cl3, -CH2Cl, -CH2Br, -CH2F, -CH2I, -CHCI2, -CHBr2, -CHF2, -CHI2, -CN, -OH, -NH2, -COOH, -CONH2, -NO2, -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO2NH2, -NHNH2, -ONH2, -NHC(O)NHNH2, -NHC(O)NH2, -NHSO2H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF3, -OCl3, -OCH2Cl, -OCH2Br, -OCH2F, -OCH2I, -OCHCI2, -OCHBr2, -OCHF2, -OCHI2, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R1A and R1B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R2A and R2B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R3A and R3B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R4A and R4B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R5A and R5B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R6A and R6B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R7A and R7B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R8A and R8B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R9A and R9B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R10A and R10B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R11A and R11B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R12A and R12B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R13A and R13B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R14A and R14B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R15A and R15B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; n1, n2, n3, n4, n5, n6, n7, n8, n9, n10, n11, n12, n13, n14, and n15 are independently an integer from 0 to 4; m1, m2, m3, m4, m5, m6, m7, m8, m9, m10, m11, m12, m13, m14, m15, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, and v15 are independently 1 or 2; and X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, X7, X8, X9, X10, X11, X12, X13, X14, and X15 are independently –F, -Cl, -Br, or –I. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the compound has the formula 20. The method of claim 19, wherein R1 is independently –OR1D; R6 is independently –OR6D; R11 is independently –OR11D; and R4, R9, and R14 are each independently halogen. 21. The method of claim 19, wherein R1, R6, and R11 are each independently –OH; and R4, R9, and R14 are each independently -Cl. 22. The method of claim 18, wherein the compound has the formula 23. The method of claim 22, wherein R1 is independently –OR1D; R6 is independently –OR6D; and R4 and R9 are each independently halogen. 24. The method of claim 22, wherein R1 and R6 are each independently –OH; and R4 and R9 are each independently -Cl. 25. A method of treating a disease associated with a high level of IGF2BP2 in a subject in need thereof, said method comprising: i) determining the level of IGF2BP2 in the subject in need thereof; and ii) administering to the subject in need thereof an IGF2BP2 inhibitor, wherein the IGF2BP2 inhibitor decreases IGF2BP2 binding to RNA N6- methyladenosine (m6A). 26. The method of claim 25, wherein the IGF2BP2 inhibitor is a compound having the formula wherein Ring A is a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; is a single bond or a double bond; R1 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX13, -CHX12, -CH2X1, -OCX13, -OCH2X1, -OCHX12, -CN, -SOn1R1D, -SOv1NR1AR1B, -NHC(O)NR1AR1B, -NR1CNR1AR1B, -ONR1AR1B, -NHC(O)NR1CNR1AR1B, -N(O)m1, -NR1AR1B, -C(O)R1C, -C(O)OR1C, -C(O)NR1AR1B, -OR1D, -NR1ASO2R1D, -NR1AC(O)R1C, -NR1AC(O)OR1C, -NR1AOR1C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R2 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX23, -CHX22, -CH2X2, -OCX23, -OCH2X2, -OCHX22, -CN, -SOn2R2D, -SOv2NR2AR2B, -NHC(O)NR2AR2B, -NR2CNR2AR2B, -ONR2AR2B, -NHC(O)NR2CNR2AR2B, -N(O)m2, -NR2AR2B, -C(O)R2C, -C(O)OR2C, -C(O)NR2AR2B, -OR2D, -NR2ASO2R2D, -NR2AC(O)R2C, -NR2AC(O)OR2C, -NR2AOR2C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R3 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX33, -CHX32, -CH2X3, -OCX33, -OCH2X3, -OCHX32, -CN, -SOn3R3D, -SOv3NR3AR3B, -NHC(O)NR3AR3B, -NR3CNR3AR3B, -ONR3AR3B, -NHC(O)NR3CNR3AR3B, -N(O)m3, -NR3AR3B, -C(O)R3C, -C(O)OR3C, -C(O)NR3AR3B, -OR3D, -NR3ASO2R3D, -NR3AC(O)R3C, -NR3AC(O)OR3C, -NR3AOR3C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R4 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX43, -CHX42, -CH2X4, -OCX43, -OCH2X4, -OCHX42, -CN, -SOn4R4D, -SOv4NR4AR4B, -NHC(O)NR4AR4B, -NR4CNR4AR4B, -ONR4AR4B, -NHC(O)NR4CNR4AR4B, -N(O)m4, -NR4AR4B, -C(O)R4C, -C(O)OR4C, -C(O)NR4AR4B, -OR4D, -NR4ASO2R4D, -NR4AC(O)R4C, -NR4AC(O)OR4C, -NR4AOR4C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R5 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX53, -CHX52, -CH2X5, -OCX53, -OCH2X5, -OCHX52, -CN, -SOn5R5D, -SOv5NR5AR5B, -NHC(O)NR5AR5B, -NR5CNR5AR5B, -ONR5AR5B, -NHC(O)NR5CNR5AR5B, -N(O)m5, -NR5AR5B, -C(O)R5C, -C(O)OR5C, -C(O)NR5AR5B, -OR5D, -NR5ASO2R5D, -NR5AC(O)R5C, -NR5AC(O)OR5C, -NR5AOR5C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R6 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX63, -CHX62, -CH2X6, -OCX63, -OCH2X6, -OCHX62, -CN, -SOn6R6D, -SOv6NR6AR6B, -NHC(O)NR6AR6B, -NR6CNR6AR6B, -ONR6AR6B, -NHC(O)NR6CNR6AR6B, -N(O)m6, -NR6AR6B, -C(O)R6C, -C(O)OR6C, -C(O)NR6AR6B, -OR6D, -NR6ASO2R6D, -NR6AC(O)R6C, -NR6AC(O)OR6C, -NR6AOR6C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R7 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX73, -CHX72, -CH2X7, -OCX73, -OCH2X7, -OCHX72, -CN, -SOn7R7D, -SOv7NR7AR7B, -NHC(O)NR7AR7B, -NR7CNR7AR7B, -ONR7AR7B, -NHC(O)NR7CNR7AR7B, -N(O)m7, -NR7AR7B, -C(O)R7C, -C(O)OR7C, -C(O)NR7AR7B, -OR7D, -NR7ASO2R7D, -NR7AC(O)R7C, -NR7AC(O)OR7C, -NR7AOR7C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R8 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX83, -CHX82, -CH2X8, -OCX83, -OCH2X8, -OCHX82, -CN, -SOn8R8D, -SOv8NR8AR8B, -NHC(O)NR8AR8B, -NR8CNR8AR8B, -ONR8AR8B, -NHC(O)NR8CNR8AR8B, -N(O)m8, -NR8AR8B, -C(O)R8C, -C(O)OR8C, -C(O)NR8AR8B, -OR8D, -NR8ASO2R8D, -NR8AC(O)R8C, -NR8AC(O)OR8C, -NR8AOR8C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R9 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX93, -CHX92, -CH2X9, -OCX93, -OCH2X9, -OCHX92, -CN, -SOn9R9D, -SOv9NR9AR9B, -NHC(O)NR9AR9B, -NR9CNR9AR9B, -ONR9AR9B, -NHC(O)NR9CNR9AR9B, -N(O)m9, -NR9AR9B, -C(O)R9C, -C(O)OR9C, -C(O)NR9AR9B, -OR9D, -NR9ASO2R9D, -NR9AC(O)R9C, -NR9AC(O)OR9C, -NR9AOR9C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R10 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX103, -CHX102, -CH2X10, -OCX103, -OCH2X10, -OCHX102, -CN, -SOn10R10D, -SOv10NR10AR10B, -NHC(O)NR10AR10B, -NR10CNR10AR10B, -ONR10AR10B, -NHC(O)NR10CNR10AR10B, -N(O)m10, -NR10AR10B, -C(O)R10C, -C(O)OR10C, -C(O)NR10AR10B, -OR10D, -NR10ASO2R10D, -NR10AC(O)R10C, -NR10AC(O)OR10C, -NR10AOR10C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R11 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX113, -CHX112, -CH2X11, -OCX113, -OCH2X11, -OCHX112, -CN, -SOn11R11D, -SOv11NR11AR11B, -NHC(O)NR11AR11B, -NR11CNR11AR11B, -ONR11AR11B, -NHC(O)NR11CNR11AR11B, -N(O)m11, -NR11AR11B, -C(O)R11C, -C(O)OR11C, -C(O)NR11AR11B, -OR11D, -NR11ASO2R11D, -NR11AC(O)R11C, -NR11AC(O)OR11C, -NR11AOR11C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R12 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX123, -CHX122, -CH2X12, -OCX123, -OCH2X12, -OCHX122, -CN, -SOn12R12D, -SOv12NR12AR12B, -NHC(O)NR12AR12B, -NR12CNR12AR12B, -ONR12AR12B, -NHC(O)NR12CNR12AR12B, -N(O)m12, -NR12AR12B, -C(O)R12C, -C(O)OR12C, -C(O)NR12AR12B, -OR12D, -NR12ASO2R12D, -NR12AC(O)R12C, -NR12AC(O)OR12C, -NR12AOR12C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R13 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX133, -CHX132, -CH2X13, -OCX133, -OCH2X13, -OCHX132, -CN, -SOn13R13D, -SOv13NR13AR13B, -NHC(O)NR13AR13B, -NR13CNR13AR13B, -ONR13AR13B, -NHC(O)NR13CNR13AR13B, -N(O)m13, -NR13AR13B, -C(O)R13C, -C(O)OR13C, -C(O)NR13AR13B, -OR13D, -NR13ASO2R13D, -NR13AC(O)R13C, -NR13AC(O)OR13C, -NR13AOR13C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R14 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX143, -CHX142, -CH2X14, -OCX143, -OCH2X14, -OCHX142, -CN, -SOn14R14D, -SOv14NR14AR14B, -NHC(O)NR14AR14B, -NR14CNR14AR14B, -ONR14AR14B, -NHC(O)NR14CNR14AR14B, -N(O)m14, -NR14AR14B, -C(O)R14C, -C(O)OR14C, -C(O)NR14AR14B, -OR14D, -NR14ASO2R14D, -NR14AC(O)R14C, -NR14AC(O)OR14C, -NR14AOR14C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R15 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX153, -CHX152, -CH2X15, -OCX153, -OCH2X15, -OCHX152, -CN, -SOn15R15D, -SOv15NR15AR15B, -NHC(O)NR15AR15B, -NR15CNR15AR15B, -ONR15AR15B, -NHC(O)NR15CNR15AR15B, -N(O)m15, -NR15AR15B, -C(O)R15C, -C(O)OR15C, -C(O)NR15AR15B, -OR15D, -NR15ASO2R15D, -NR15AC(O)R15C, -NR15AC(O)OR15C, -NR15AOR15C, -SF5, -N3, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R1 and R2 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R2 and R3 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R3 and R4 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R4 and R5 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R6 and R7 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R7 and R8 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R8 and R9 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R9 and R10 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R11 and R12 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R12 and R13 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R13 and R14 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R14 and R15 substituents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R1A, R1B, R1C, R1D, R2A, R2B, R2C, R2D, R3A, R3B, R3C, R3D, R4A, R4B, R4C, R4D, R5A, R5B, R5C, R5D, R6A, R6B, R6C, R6D, R7A, R7B, R7C, R7D, R8A, R8B, R8C, R8D, R9A, R9B, R9C, R9D, R10A, R10B, R10C, R10D, R11A, R11B, R11C, R11D, R12A, R12B, R12C, R12D, R13A, R13B, R13C, R13D, R14A, R14B, R14C, R14D, R15A, R15B, R15C, and R15D are independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF3, -Cl3, -CH2Cl, -CH2Br, -CH2F, -CH2I, -CHCI2, -CHBr2, -CHF2, -CHI2, -CN, -OH, -NH2, -COOH, -CONH2, -NO2, -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO2NH2, -NHNH2, -ONH2, -NHC(O)NHNH2, -NHC(O)NH2, -NHSO2H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF3, -OCl3, -OCH2Cl, -OCH2Br, -OCH2F, -OCH2I, -OCHCI2, -OCHBr2, -OCHF2, -OCHI2, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R1A and R1B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R2A and R2B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R3A and R3B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R4A and R4B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R5A and R5B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R6A and R6B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R7A and R7B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R8A and R8B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R9A and R9B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R10A and R10B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R11A and R11B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R12A and R12B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R13A and R13B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R14A and R14B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R15A and R15B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; n1, n2, n3, n4, n5, n6, n7, n8, n9, n10, n11, n12, n13, n14, and n15 are independently an integer from 0 to 4; m1, m2, m3, m4, m5, m6, m7, m8, m9, m10, m11, m12, m13, m14, m15, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, and v15 are independently 1 or 2; and X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, X7, X8, X9, X10, X11, X12, X13, X14, and X15 are independently –F, -Cl, -Br, or –I. 27. The method of claim 26, wherein the compound has the formula 28. The method of claim 27, wherein R1 is independently –OR1D; R6 is independently –OR6D; R11 is independently –OR11D; and R4, R9, and R14 are each independently halogen. 29. The method of claim 27, wherein R1, R6, and R11 are each independently –OH; and R4, R9, and R14 are each independently -Cl. 30. The method of claim 26, wherein the compound has the formula 31. The method of claim 30, wherein R1 is independently –OR1D; R6 is independently –OR6D; and R4 and R9 are each independently halogen. 32. The method of claim 30, wherein R1 and R6 are each independently –OH; and R4 and R9 are each independently -Cl. |
wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , and R 15 are as described herein, including in embodiments. In embodiments, the compound has the formula w 1 2 3 herein R , R , R , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , and R 10 are as described herein, including in embodiments. [0208] In embodiments, the compound has the formula: wherein R 1 , R 4 , R 6 , R 9 , R 11 , and R 14 are as described herein, including in embodiments. In embodiments, the compound has the formula (IIIa), wherein R 1 , R 4 , R 6 , R 9 , R 11 , and R 14 are as described herein, including in embodiments. In embodiments, the compound has the formula wherein R 1 , R 4 , R 6 , and R 9 are as described herein, including in embodiments. In embodiments, R 1 , R 4 , R 6 , R 9 , R 11 , and R 14 are not hydrogen. In embodiments, R 1 , R 4 , R 6 , and R 9 are not hydrogen. [0209] In embodiments, the compound has the formula wh 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 erein R, R, R, R, R, R, R, R, R, R , R , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , and R 15 are as described herein, including in embodiments. In embodiments, the compound has the formula 1 2 3 wherein R, R, R, R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , and R 10 are as described herein, including in embodiments. [0210] In embodiments, the compound has the formula:
R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , and R 15 are as described herein, including in embodiments. In embodiments, the compound has the formula wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , and R 15 are as described herein, including in embodiments. In embodiments, the compound has the formula whe 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 rein R, R, R, R, R, R, R, R, R, and R are as described herein, including in embodiments. [0211] In an aspect is provided a compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, having the formula: , . . [0212] In embodiments, the compound has the formula: (VIIa), wherein Ring A, R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , and R 10 are as described herein, including in embodiments. In embodiments, the compound has the formula (VIIb), wherein Ring A, R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , and R 10 are as described herein, including in embodiments. [0213] In embodiments, the compound has the formula: (VIIc), wherein Ring A, R 6 , and R 9 are as described herein, including in embodiments. In embodiments, the compound has the formula (VIId), wherein Ring A, R 6 , and R 9 are as described herein, including in embodiments. In embodiments, R 6 and R 9 are not hydrogen. [0214] In embodiments, the compound has the formula: R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , and R 10 are as described herein, including in embodiments. In embodiments, the compound has the formula: wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , and R 10 are as described herein, including in embodiments. In embodiments, the compound has the formula: wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 9 10 , R , and R are as described herein, including in embodiments. [0215] In embodiments, the compound has the formula: (VIIIa), wherein R 1 , R 4 , R 6 , and R 9 are as described herein, including in embodiments. In embodiments, the compound has the formula: wherein R 1 , R 4 , R 6 , and R 9 are as described herein, including in embodiments. In embodiments, R 1 , R 4 , R 6 , and R 9 are not hydrogen. [0216] In embodiments, Ring A is a substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0217] In embodiments, a substituted Ring A (e.g., substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted Ring A is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when Ring A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when Ring A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when Ring A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0218] In embodiments, Ring A is an R 20 -substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 - C8, C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), R 20 -substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), R 20 - substituted or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or R 20 -substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0219] R 20 is independently oxo, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -OCCl3, -OCF 3 , -OCBr3, -OCl 3 , -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHI 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 I, -OCH 2 F, -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0220] In embodiments, a substituted R 20 (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 20 is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 20 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 20 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 20 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0221] In embodiments, R 20 is independently oxo, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -OCCl3, -OCF 3 , -OCBr3, -OCI 3 , -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHI 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 I, -OCH 2 F, -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -SF 5 , -N 3 , R 21 -substituted or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 -C 2 ), R 21 -substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), R 21 -substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 - C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), R 21 -substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), R 21 - substituted or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or R 21 -substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0222] R 21 is independently oxo, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -OCCl3, -OCF 3 , -OCBr3, -OCl 3 , -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHI 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 I, -OCH 2 F, -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -SF 5 , -N 3 , unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 -C 2 ), unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0223] In embodiments, Ring A is a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl. In embodiments, Ring A is a substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl. In embodiments, Ring A is a substituted C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl. In embodiments, Ring A is an R 20 -substituted C3- C 6 cycloalkyl. In embodiments, Ring A is an unsubstituted C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl. R 20 is as described herein, including in embodiments. [0224] In embodiments, Ring A is a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl. In embodiments, Ring A is a substituted or unsubstituted 3 to 6 membered heterocycloalkyl. In embodiments, Ring A is a substituted 3 to 6 membered heterocycloalkyl. In embodiments, Ring A is an R 20 - substituted 3 to 6 membered heterocycloalkyl. In embodiments, Ring A is an unsubstituted 3 to 6 membered heterocycloalkyl. In embodiments, Ring A is an R 20 - substituted 5 membered heterocycloalkyl. In embodiments, Ring A is an unsubstituted 5 membered heterocycloalkyl. In embodiments, Ring A is an R 20 -substituted 6 membered heterocycloalkyl. In embodiments, Ring A is an unsubstituted 6 membered heterocycloalkyl. In embodiments, Ring A is . R 20 is as described herein, including in embodiments. In embodiments, Ring A is . [0225] In embodiments, R 20 is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl. In embodiments, R 20 is independently an R 21 -substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl, wherein R 21 is as described herein, including in embodiments. In embodiments, R 20 is independently an unsubstituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl. In embodiments, R 20 is independently an unsubstituted methyl. In embodiments, R 20 is independently an unsubstituted ethyl. In embodiments, R 20 is independently an unsubstituted propyl. In embodiments, R 20 is independently an unsubstituted n-propyl. In embodiments, R 20 is independently an unsubstituted isopropyl. In embodiments, R 20 is independently an unsubstituted butyl. In embodiments, R 20 is independently an unsubstituted n-butyl. In embodiments, R 20 is independently an unsubstituted tert-butyl. [0226] In embodiments, is a single bond. In embodiments, is a double bond. [0227] In embodiments, R 1 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 1 3, -CHX 1 2, -CH 2 X 1 , -OCX 1 3 , -OCH 2 X 1 , -OCHX 1 2 , -CN, -SO n1 R 1D , -SO v1 NR 1A R 1B , -NHC(O)NR 1A R 1B , -NR 1C NR 1A R 1B , -ONR 1A R 1B , -NHC(O)NR 1C NR 1A R 1B , -N(O)m1, -NR 1A R 1B , -C(O)R 1C , -C(O)OR 1C , -C(O)NR 1A R 1B , -OR 1D , -NR 1A SO 2 R 1D , -NR 1A C(O)R 1C , -NR 1A C(O)OR 1C , -NR 1A OR 1C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 - C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 -C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). R 1A , R 1B , R 1C , and R 1D are as described herein, including in embodiments. X 1 is independently –F, -Cl, -Br, or –I. The symbol n1 is independently an integer from 0 to 4. The symbols m1 and v1 are independently 1 or 2. [0228] In embodiments, R 1 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -OCCl 3 , -OCF 3 , -OCBr 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHI 2 , -OCHF2, -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 I, -OCH 2 F, -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0229] In embodiments, a substituted R 1 (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 1 is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 1 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 1 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 1 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0230] In embodiments, R 1A is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0231] In embodiments, a substituted R 1A (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 1A is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 1A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 1A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 1A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0232] In embodiments, R 1B is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0233] In embodiments, a substituted R 1B (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 1B is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 1B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 1B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 1B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0234] In embodiments, R 1A and R 1B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered) or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0235] In embodiments, a substituted moiety formed by joining R 1A and R 1B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom (e.g., substituted heterocycloalkyl and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted moiety formed by joining R 1A and R 1B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 1A and R 1B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 1A and R 1B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 1A and R 1B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0236] In embodiments, R 1C is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0237] In embodiments, a substituted R 1C (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 1C is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 1C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 1C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 1C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0238] In embodiments, R 1D is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0239] In embodiments, a substituted R 1D (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 1D is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 1D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 1D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 1D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0240] In embodiments, R 1 is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 1 is independently halogen. In embodiments, R 1 is independently –F. In embodiments, R 1 is independently –Cl. In embodiments, R 1 is independently –Br. In embodiments, R 1 is independently –I. In embodiments, R 1 is independently –OH. [0241] In embodiments, R 1 is independently –OR 1D . In embodiments, R 1D is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 1D is independently unsubstituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl. In embodiments, R 1D is independently unsubstituted methyl. In embodiments, R 1D is independently unsubstituted ethyl. In embodiments, R 1D is independently unsubstituted propyl. In embodiments, R 1D is independently unsubstituted n-propyl. In embodiments, R 1D is independently unsubstituted isopropyl. In embodiments, R 1D is independently unsubstituted butyl. In embodiments, R 1D is independently unsubstituted n-butyl. In embodiments, R 1D is independently unsubstituted tert-butyl. In embodiments, R 1D is independently substituted or unsubstituted aryl. In embodiments, R 1D is independently substituted or unsubstituted phenyl. [0242] In embodiments, R 2 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 2 3, -CHX 2 2, -CH 2 X 2 , -OCX 2 3 , -OCH 2 X 2 , -OCHX 2 2 , -CN, -SO n2 R 2D , -SO v2 NR 2A R 2B , -NHC(O)NR 2A R 2B , -NR 2C NR 2A R 2B , -ONR 2A R 2B , -NHC(O)NR 2C NR 2A R 2B , -N(O)m2, -NR 2A R 2B , -C(O)R 2C , -C(O)OR 2C , -C(O)NR 2A R 2B , -OR 2D , -NR 2A SO 2 R 2D , -NR 2A C(O)R 2C , -NR 2A C(O)OR 2C , -NR 2A OR 2C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 - C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 -C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). R 2A , R 2B , R 2C , and R 2D are as described herein, including in embodiments. X 2 is independently –F, -Cl, -Br, or –I. The symbol n2 is independently an integer from 0 to 4. The symbols m2 and v2 are independently 1 or 2. [0243] In embodiments, R 2 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -OCCl 3 , -OCF 3 , -OCBr 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHI 2 , -OCHF2, -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 I, -OCH 2 F, -CN, - OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0244] In embodiments, a substituted R 2 (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 2 is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 2 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 2 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 2 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0245] In embodiments, R 2A is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0246] In embodiments, a substituted R 2A (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 2A is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 2A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 2A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 2A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0247] In embodiments, R 2B is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0248] In embodiments, a substituted R 2B (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 2B is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 2B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 2B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 2B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0249] In embodiments, R 2A and R 2B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered) or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0250] In embodiments, a substituted moiety formed by joining R 2A and R 2B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom (e.g., substituted heterocycloalkyl and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted moiety formed by joining R 2A and R 2B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 2A and R 2B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 2A and R 2B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 2A and R 2B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0251] In embodiments, R 2C is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0252] In embodiments, a substituted R 2C (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 2C is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 2C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 2C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 2C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0253] In embodiments, R 2D is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl 3 , -OCBr 3 , -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0254] In embodiments, a substituted R 2D (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 2D is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 2D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 2D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 2D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0255] In embodiments, R 2 is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 2 is independently halogen. In embodiments, R 2 is independently –F. In embodiments, R 2 is independently –Cl. In embodiments, R 2 is independently –Br. In embodiments, R 2 is independently –I. In embodiments, R 2 is independently –OH. [0256] In embodiments, R 2 is independently –OR 2D . In embodiments, R 2D is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 2D is independently unsubstituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl. In embodiments, R 2D is independently unsubstituted methyl. In embodiments, R 2D is independently unsubstituted ethyl. In embodiments, R 2D is independently unsubstituted propyl. In embodiments, R 2D is independently unsubstituted n-propyl. In embodiments, R 2D is independently unsubstituted isopropyl. In embodiments, R 2D is independently unsubstituted butyl. In embodiments, R 2D is independently unsubstituted n-butyl. In embodiments, R 2D is independently unsubstituted tert-butyl. In embodiments, R 2D is independently substituted or unsubstituted aryl. In embodiments, R 2D is independently substituted or unsubstituted phenyl. [0257] In embodiments, R 3 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 3 3, -CHX 3 2, -CH 2 X 3 , -OCX 3 3 , -OCH 2 X 3 , -OCHX 3 2 , -CN, -SO n3 R 3D , -SO v3 NR 3A R 3B , -NHC(O)NR 3A R 3B , -NR 3C NR 3A R 3B , -ONR 3A R 3B , -NHC(O)NR 3C NR 3A R 3B , -N(O)m3, -NR 3A R 3B , -C(O)R 3C , -C(O)OR 3C , -C(O)NR 3A R 3B , -OR 3D , -NR 3A SO 2 R 3D , -NR 3A C(O)R 3C , -NR 3A C(O)OR 3C , -NR 3A OR 3C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 - C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 -C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). R 3A , R 3B , R 3C , and R 3D are as described herein, including in embodiments. X 3 is independently –F, -Cl, -Br, or –I. The symbol n3 is independently an integer from 0 to 4. The symbols m3 and v3 are independently 1 or 2. [0258] In embodiments, R 3 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -OCCl3, -OCF 3 , -OCBr3, -OCl 3 , -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHI 2 , -OCHF2, -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 I, -OCH 2 F, -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0259] In embodiments, a substituted R 3 (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 3 is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 3 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 3 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 3 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0260] In embodiments, R 3A is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0261] In embodiments, a substituted R 3A (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 3A is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 3A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 3A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 3A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0262] In embodiments, R 3B is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl 3 , -OCBr 3 , -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0263] In embodiments, a substituted R 3B (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 3B is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 3B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 3B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 3B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0264] In embodiments, R 3A and R 3B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered) or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0265] In embodiments, a substituted moiety formed by joining R 3A and R 3B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom (e.g., substituted heterocycloalkyl and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted moiety formed by joining R 3A and R 3B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 3A and R 3B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 3A and R 3B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 3A and R 3B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0266] In embodiments, R 3C is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0267] In embodiments, a substituted R 3C (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 3C is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 3C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 3C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 3C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0268] In embodiments, R 3D is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0269] In embodiments, a substituted R 3D (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 3D is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 3D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 3D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 3D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0270] In embodiments, R 3 is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 3 is independently halogen. In embodiments, R 3 is independently –F. In embodiments, R 3 is independently –Cl. In embodiments, R 3 is independently –Br. In embodiments, R 3 is independently –I. In embodiments, R 3 is independently –OH. [0271] In embodiments, R 3 is independently –OR 3D . In embodiments, R 3D is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 3D is independently unsubstituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl. In embodiments, R 3D is independently unsubstituted methyl. In embodiments, R 3D is independently unsubstituted ethyl. In embodiments, R 3D is independently unsubstituted propyl. In embodiments, R 3D is independently unsubstituted n-propyl. In embodiments, R 3D is independently unsubstituted isopropyl. In embodiments, R 3D is independently unsubstituted butyl. In embodiments, R 3D is independently unsubstituted n-butyl. In embodiments, R 3D is independently unsubstituted tert-butyl. In embodiments, R 3D is independently substituted or unsubstituted aryl. In embodiments, R 3D is independently substituted or unsubstituted phenyl. [0272] In embodiments, R 4 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 4 3, -CHX 4 2, -CH 2 X 4 , -OCX 4 3 , -OCH 2 X 4 , -OCHX 4 2 , -CN, -SO n4 R 4D , -SO v4 NR 4A R 4B , -NHC(O)NR 4A R 4B , -NR 4C NR 4A R 4B , -ONR 4A R 4B , -NHC(O)NR 4C NR 4A R 4B , -N(O)m4, -NR 4A R 4B , -C(O)R 4C , -C(O)OR 4C , -C(O)NR 4A R 4B , -OR 4D , -NR 4A SO 2 R 4D , -NR 4A C(O)R 4C , -NR 4A C(O)OR 4C , -NR 4A OR 4C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 - C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 -C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). R 4A , R 4B , R 4C , and R 4D are as described herein, including in embodiments. X 4 is independently –F, -Cl, -Br, or –I. The symbol n4 is independently an integer from 0 to 4. The symbols m4 and v4 are independently 1 or 2. [0273] In embodiments, R 4 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -OCCl3, -OCF 3 , -OCBr3, -OCI 3 , -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHI 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 I, -OCH 2 F, -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0274] In embodiments, a substituted R 4 (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 4 is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 4 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 4 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 4 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0275] In embodiments, R 4A is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0276] In embodiments, a substituted R 4A (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 4A is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 4A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 4A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 4A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0277] In embodiments, R 4B is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr 3 , -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0278] In embodiments, a substituted R 4B (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 4B is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 4B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 4B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 4B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0279] In embodiments, R 4A and R 4B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered) or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0280] In embodiments, a substituted moiety formed by joining R 4A and R 4B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom (e.g., substituted heterocycloalkyl and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted moiety formed by joining R 4A and R 4B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 4A and R 4B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 4A and R 4B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 4A and R 4B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0281] In embodiments, R 4C is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0282] In embodiments, a substituted R 4C (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 4C is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 4C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 4C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 4C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0283] In embodiments, R 4D is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0284] In embodiments, a substituted R 4D (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 4D is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 4D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 4D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 4D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0285] In embodiments, R 4 is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 4 is independently halogen. In embodiments, R 4 is independently –F. In embodiments, R 4 is independently –Cl. In embodiments, R 4 is independently –Br. In embodiments, R 4 is independently –I. In embodiments, R 4 is independently –OH. [0286] In embodiments, R 4 is independently –OR 4D . In embodiments, R 4D is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 4D is independently unsubstituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl. In embodiments, R 4D is independently unsubstituted methyl. In embodiments, R 4D is independently unsubstituted ethyl. In embodiments, R 4D is independently unsubstituted propyl. In embodiments, R 4D is independently unsubstituted n-propyl. In embodiments, R 4D is independently unsubstituted isopropyl. In embodiments, R 4D is independently unsubstituted butyl. In embodiments, R 4D is independently unsubstituted n-butyl. In embodiments, R 4D is independently unsubstituted tert-butyl. In embodiments, R 4D is independently substituted or unsubstituted aryl. In embodiments, R 4D is independently substituted or unsubstituted phenyl. [0287] In embodiments, R 5 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 5 5 , -CHX 5 2 , -CH 2 X 5 , -OCX 5 5, -OCH 2 X 5 , -OCHX 5 2, -CN, -SOn5R 5D , -SOv5NR 5A R 5B , -NHC(O)NR 5A R 5B , -NR 5C NR 5A R 5B , -ONR 5A R 5B , -NHC(O)NR 5C NR 5A R 5B , -N(O) m5 , -NR 5A R 5B , -C(O)R 5C , -C(O)OR 5C , -C(O)NR 5A R 5B , -OR 5D , -NR 5A SO 2 R 5D , -NR 5A C(O)R 5C , -NR 5A C(O)OR 5C , -NR 5A OR 5C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 - C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 -C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). R 5A , R 5B , R 5C , and R 5D are as described herein, including in embodiments. X 5 is independently –F, -Cl, -Br, or –I. The symbol n5 is independently an integer from 0 to 4. The symbols m5 and v5 are independently 1 or 2. [0288] In embodiments, R 5 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -OCCl 3 , -OCF 3 , -OCBr 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHI 2 , -OCHF2, -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 I, -OCH 2 F, -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0289] In embodiments, a substituted R 5 (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 5 is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 5 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 5 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 5 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0290] In embodiments, R 5A is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0291] In embodiments, a substituted R 5A (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 5A is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 5A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 5A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 5A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0292] In embodiments, R 5B is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0293] In embodiments, a substituted R 5B (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 5B is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 5B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 5B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 5B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0294] In embodiments, R 5A and R 5B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered) or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0295] In embodiments, a substituted moiety formed by joining R 5A and R 5B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom (e.g., substituted heterocycloalkyl and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted moiety formed by joining R 5A and R 5B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 5A and R 5B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 5A and R 5B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 5A and R 5B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0296] In embodiments, R 5C is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl 3 , -OCBr 3 , -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0297] In embodiments, a substituted R 5C (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 5C is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 5C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 5C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 5C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0298] In embodiments, R 5D is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0299] In embodiments, a substituted R 5D (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 5D is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 5D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 5D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 5D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0300] In embodiments, R 5 is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 5 is independently halogen. In embodiments, R 5 is independently –F. In embodiments, R 5 is independently –Cl. In embodiments, R 5 is independently –Br. In embodiments, R 5 is independently –I. In embodiments, R 5 is independently –OH. [0301] In embodiments, R 5 is independently –OR 5D . In embodiments, R 5D is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 5D is independently unsubstituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl. In embodiments, R 5D is independently unsubstituted methyl. In embodiments, R 5D is independently unsubstituted ethyl. In embodiments, R 5D is independently unsubstituted propyl. In embodiments, R 5D is independently unsubstituted n-propyl. In embodiments, R 5D is independently unsubstituted isopropyl. In embodiments, R 5D is independently unsubstituted butyl. In embodiments, R 5D is independently unsubstituted n-butyl. In embodiments, R 5D is independently unsubstituted tert-butyl. In embodiments, R 5D is independently substituted or unsubstituted aryl. In embodiments, R 5D is independently substituted or unsubstituted phenyl. [0302] In embodiments, R 6 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 6 3 , -CHX 6 2 , -CH 2 X 6 , -OCX 6 3, -OCH 2 X 6 , -OCHX 6 2, -CN, -SOn6R 6D , -SOv6NR 6A R 6B , -NHC(O)NR 6A R 6B , -NR 6C NR 6A R 6B , -ONR 6A R 6B , -NHC(O)NR 6C NR 6A R 6B , -N(O) m6 , -NR 6A R 6B , -C(O)R 6C , -C(O)OR 6C , -C(O)NR 6A R 6B , -OR 6D , -NR 6A SO 2 R 6D , -NR 6A C(O)R 6C , -NR 6A C(O)OR 6C , -NR 6A OR 6C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 - C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). R 6A , R 6B , R 6C , and R 6D are as described herein, including in embodiments. X 6 is independently –F, -Cl, -Br, or –I. The symbol n6 is independently an integer from 0 to 4. The symbols m6 and v6 are independently 1 or 2. [0303] In embodiments, R 6 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -OCCl3, -OCF 3 , -OCBr3, -OCl 3 , -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHI 2 , -OCHF2, -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 I, -OCH 2 F, -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0304] In embodiments, a substituted R 6 (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 6 is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 6 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 6 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 6 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0305] In embodiments, R 6A is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl 3 , -OCBr 3 , -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0306] In embodiments, a substituted R 6A (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 6A is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 6A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 6A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 6A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0307] In embodiments, R 6B is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0308] In embodiments, a substituted R 6B (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 6B is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 6B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 6B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 6B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0309] In embodiments, R 6A and R 6B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered) or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0310] In embodiments, a substituted moiety formed by joining R 6A and R 6B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom (e.g., substituted heterocycloalkyl and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted moiety formed by joining R 6A and R 6B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 6A and R 6B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 6A and R 6B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 6A and R 6B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0311] In embodiments, R 6C is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0312] In embodiments, a substituted R 6C (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 6C is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 6C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 6C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 6C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0313] In embodiments, R 6D is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0314] In embodiments, a substituted R 6D (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 6D is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 6D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 6D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 6D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0315] In embodiments, R 6 is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 6 is independently halogen. In embodiments, R 6 is independently –F. In embodiments, R 6 is independently –Cl. In embodiments, R 6 is independently –Br. In embodiments, R 6 is independently –I. In embodiments, R 6 is independently –OH. [0316] In embodiments, R 6 is independently –OR 6D . In embodiments, R 6D is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 6D is independently unsubstituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl. In embodiments, R 6D is independently unsubstituted methyl. In embodiments, R 6D is independently unsubstituted ethyl. In embodiments, R 6D is independently unsubstituted propyl. In embodiments, R 6D is independently unsubstituted n-propyl. In embodiments, R 6D is independently unsubstituted isopropyl. In embodiments, R 6D is independently unsubstituted butyl. In embodiments, R 6D is independently unsubstituted n-butyl. In embodiments, R 6D is independently unsubstituted tert-butyl. In embodiments, R 6D is independently substituted or unsubstituted aryl. In embodiments, R 6D is independently substituted or unsubstituted phenyl. [0317] In embodiments, R 7 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 7 3, -CHX 7 2, -CH 2 X 7 , -OCX 7 3 , -OCH 2 X 7 , -OCHX 7 2 , -CN, -SO n7 R 7D , -SO v7 NR 7A R 7B , -NHC(O)NR 7A R 7B , -NR 7C NR 7A R 7B , -ONR 7A R 7B , -NHC(O)NR 7C NR 7A R 7B , -N(O)m7, -NR 7A R 7B , -C(O)R 7C , -C(O)OR 7C , -C(O)NR 7A R 7B , -OR 7D , -NR 7A SO 2 R 7D , -NR 7A C(O)R 7C , -NR 7A C(O)OR 7C , -NR 7A OR 7C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 - C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 -C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). R 7A , R 7B , R 7C , and R 7D are as described herein, including in embodiments. X 7 is independently –F, -Cl, -Br, or –I. The symbol n7 is independently an integer from 0 to 4. The symbols m7 and v7 are independently 1 or 2. [0318] In embodiments, R 7 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -OCCl 3 , -OCF 3 , -OCBr 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHI 2 , -OCHF2, -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 I, -OCH 2 F, -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0319] In embodiments, a substituted R 7 (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 7 is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 7 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 7 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 7 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0320] In embodiments, R 7A is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0321] In embodiments, a substituted R 7A (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 7A is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 7A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 7A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 7A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0322] In embodiments, R 7B is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl 3 , -OCBr 3 , -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0323] In embodiments, a substituted R 7B (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 7B is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 7B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 7B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 7B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0324] In embodiments, R 7A and R 7B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered) or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0325] In embodiments, a substituted moiety formed by joining R 7A and R 7B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom (e.g., substituted heterocycloalkyl and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted moiety formed by joining R 7A and R 7B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 7A and R 7B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 7A and R 7B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 7A and R 7B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0326] In embodiments, R 7C is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0327] In embodiments, a substituted R 7C (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 7C is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 7C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 7C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 7C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0328] In embodiments, R 7D is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0329] In embodiments, a substituted R 7D (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 7D is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 7D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 7D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 7D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0330] In embodiments, R 7 is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 7 is independently halogen. In embodiments, R 7 is independently –F. In embodiments, R 7 is independently –Cl. In embodiments, R 7 is independently –Br. In embodiments, R 7 is independently –I. In embodiments, R 7 is independently –OH. [0331] In embodiments, R 7 is independently –OR 7D . In embodiments, R 7D is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 7D is independently unsubstituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl. In embodiments, R 7D is independently unsubstituted methyl. In embodiments, R 7D is independently unsubstituted ethyl. In embodiments, R 7D is independently unsubstituted propyl. In embodiments, R 7D is independently unsubstituted n-propyl. In embodiments, R 7D is independently unsubstituted isopropyl. In embodiments, R 7D is independently unsubstituted butyl. In embodiments, R 7D is independently unsubstituted n-butyl. In embodiments, R 7D is independently unsubstituted tert-butyl. In embodiments, R 7D is independently substituted or unsubstituted aryl. In embodiments, R 7D is independently substituted or unsubstituted phenyl. [0332] In embodiments, R 8 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 8 3 , -CHX 8 2 , -CH 2 X 8 , -OCX 8 3, -OCH 2 X 8 , -OCHX 8 2, -CN, -SOn8R 8D , -SOv8NR 8A R 8B , -NHC(O)NR 8A R 8B , -NR 8C NR 8A R 8B , -ONR 8A R 8B , -NHC(O)NR 8C NR 8A R 8B , -N(O) m8 , -NR 8A R 8B , -C(O)R 8C , -C(O)OR 8C , -C(O)NR 8A R 8B , -OR 8D , -NR 8A SO 2 R 8D , -NR 8A C(O)R 8C , -NR 8A C(O)OR 8C , -NR 8A OR 8C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 - C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 -C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). R 8A , R 8B , R 8C , and R 8D are as described herein, including in embodiments. X 8 is independently –F, -Cl, -Br, or –I. The symbol n8 is independently an integer from 0 to 4. The symbols m8 and v8 are independently 1 or 2. [0333] In embodiments, R 8 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -OCCl 3 , -OCF 3 , -OCBr 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHI 2 , -OCHF2, -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 I, -OCH 2 F, -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0334] In embodiments, a substituted R 8 (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 8 is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 8 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 8 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 8 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0335] In embodiments, R 8A is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0336] In embodiments, a substituted R 8A (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 8A is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 8A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 8A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 8A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0337] In embodiments, R 8B is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0338] In embodiments, a substituted R 8B (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 8B is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 8B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 8B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 8B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0339] In embodiments, R 8A and R 8B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered) or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0340] In embodiments, a substituted moiety formed by joining R 8A and R 8B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom (e.g., substituted heterocycloalkyl and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted moiety formed by joining R 8A and R 8B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 8A and R 8B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 8A and R 8B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 8A and R 8B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0341] In embodiments, R 8C is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl 3 , -OCBr 3 , -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0342] In embodiments, a substituted R 8C (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 8C is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 8C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 8C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 8C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0343] In embodiments, R 8D is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0344] In embodiments, a substituted R 8D (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 8D is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 8D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 8D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 8D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0345] In embodiments, R 8 is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 8 is independently halogen. In embodiments, R 8 is independently –F. In embodiments, R 8 is independently –Cl. In embodiments, R 8 is independently –Br. In embodiments, R 8 is independently –I. In embodiments, R 8 is independently –OH. [0346] In embodiments, R 8 is independently –OR 8D . In embodiments, R 8D is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 8D is independently unsubstituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl. In embodiments, R 8D is independently unsubstituted methyl. In embodiments, R 8D is independently unsubstituted ethyl. In embodiments, R 8D is independently unsubstituted propyl. In embodiments, R 8D is independently unsubstituted n-propyl. In embodiments, R 8D is independently unsubstituted isopropyl. In embodiments, R 8D is independently unsubstituted butyl. In embodiments, R 8D is independently unsubstituted n-butyl. In embodiments, R 8D is independently unsubstituted tert-butyl. In embodiments, R 8D is independently substituted or unsubstituted aryl. In embodiments, R 8D is independently substituted or unsubstituted phenyl. [0347] In embodiments, R 9 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 9 3 , -CHX 9 2 , -CH 2 X 9 , -OCX 9 3, -OCH 2 X 9 , -OCHX 9 2, -CN, -SOn9R 9D , -SOv9NR 9A R 9B , -NHC(O)NR 9A R 9B , -NR 9C NR 9A R 9B , -ONR 9A R 9B , -NHC(O)NR 9C NR 9A R 9B , -N(O) m9 , -NR 9A R 9B , -C(O)R 9C , -C(O)OR 9C , -C(O)NR 9A R 9B , -OR 9D , -NR 9A SO 2 R 9D , -NR 9A C(O)R 9C , -NR 9A C(O)OR 9C , -NR 9A OR 9C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 - C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 -C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). R 9A , R 9B , R 9C , and R 9D are as described herein, including in embodiments. X 9 is independently –F, -Cl, -Br, or –I. The symbol n9 is independently an integer from 0 to 4. The symbols m9 and v9 are independently 1 or 2. [0348] In embodiments, R 9 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -OCCl3, -OCF 3 , -OCBr3, -OCl 3 , -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHI 2 , -OCHF2, -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 I, -OCH 2 F, -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0349] In embodiments, a substituted R 9 (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 9 is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 9 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 9 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 9 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0350] In embodiments, R 9A is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0351] In embodiments, a substituted R 9A (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 9A is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 9A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 9A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 9A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0352] In embodiments, R 9B is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0353] In embodiments, a substituted R 9B (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 9B is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 9B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 9B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 9B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0354] In embodiments, R 9A and R 9B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered) or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0355] In embodiments, a substituted moiety formed by joining R 9A and R 9B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom (e.g., substituted heterocycloalkyl and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted moiety formed by joining R 9A and R 9B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 9A and R 9B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 9A and R 9B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 9A and R 9B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0356] In embodiments, R 9C is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0357] In embodiments, a substituted R 9C (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 9C is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 9C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 9C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 9C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0358] In embodiments, R 9D is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0359] In embodiments, a substituted R 9D (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 9D is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 9D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 9D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 9D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0360] In embodiments, R 9 is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 9 is independently halogen. In embodiments, R 9 is independently –F. In embodiments, R 9 is independently –Cl. In embodiments, R 9 is independently –Br. In embodiments, R 9 is independently –I. In embodiments, R 9 is independently –OH. [0361] In embodiments, R 9 is independently –OR 9D . In embodiments, R 9D is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 9D is independently unsubstituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl. In embodiments, R 9D is independently unsubstituted methyl. In embodiments, R 9D is independently unsubstituted ethyl. In embodiments, R 9D is independently unsubstituted propyl. In embodiments, R 9D is independently unsubstituted n-propyl. In embodiments, R 9D is independently unsubstituted isopropyl. In embodiments, R 9D is independently unsubstituted butyl. In embodiments, R 9D is independently unsubstituted n-butyl. In embodiments, R 9D is independently unsubstituted tert-butyl. In embodiments, R 9D is independently substituted or unsubstituted aryl. In embodiments, R 9D is independently substituted or unsubstituted phenyl. [0362] In embodiments, R 10 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 10 3, -CHX 10 2, -CH 2 X 10 , -OCX 10 3 , -OCH 2 X 10 , -OCHX 10 2 , -CN, -SO n10 R 10D , -SO v10 NR 10A R 10B , -NHC(O)NR 10A R 10B , -NR 10C NR 10A R 10B , -ONR 10A R 10B , -NHC(O)NR 10C NR 10A R 10B , -N(O)m10, -NR 10A R 10B , -C(O)R 10C , -C(O)OR 10C , -C(O)NR 10A R 10B , -OR 10D , -NR 10A SO 2 R 10D , -NR 10A C(O)R 10C , -NR 10A C(O)OR 10C , -NR 10A OR 10C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 -C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). R 10A , R 10B , R 10C , and R 10D are as described herein, including in embodiments. X 10 is independently –F, -Cl, -Br, or –I. The symbol n10 is independently an integer from 0 to 4. The symbols m10 and v10 are independently 1 or 2. [0363] In embodiments, R 10 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -OCCl 3 , -OCF 3 , -OCBr 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHI 2 , -OCHF2, -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 I, -OCH 2 F, -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0364] In embodiments, a substituted R 10 (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 10 is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 10 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 10 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 10 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0365] In embodiments, R 10A is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0366] In embodiments, a substituted R 10A (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 10A is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 10A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 10A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 10A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0367] In embodiments, R 10B is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0368] In embodiments, a substituted R 10B (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 10B is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 10B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 10B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 10B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0369] In embodiments, R 10A and R 10B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered) or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0370] In embodiments, a substituted moiety formed by joining R 10A and R 10B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom (e.g., substituted heterocycloalkyl and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted moiety formed by joining R 10A and R 10B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 10A and R 10B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 10A and R 10B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 10A and R 10B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0371] In embodiments, R 10C is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0372] In embodiments, a substituted R 10C (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 10C is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 10C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 10C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 10C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0373] In embodiments, R 10D is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0374] In embodiments, a substituted R 10D (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 10D is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 10D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 10D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 10D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0375] In embodiments, R 10 is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 10 is independently halogen. In embodiments, R 10 is independently –F. In embodiments, R 10 is independently –Cl. In embodiments, R 10 is independently –Br. In embodiments, R 10 is independently –I. In embodiments, R 10 is independently –OH. [0376] In embodiments, R 10 is independently –OR 10D . In embodiments, R 10D is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 10D is independently unsubstituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl. In embodiments, R 10D is independently unsubstituted methyl. In embodiments, R 10D is independently unsubstituted ethyl. In embodiments, R 10D is independently unsubstituted propyl. In embodiments, R 10D is independently unsubstituted n-propyl. In embodiments, R 10D is independently unsubstituted isopropyl. In embodiments, R 10D is independently unsubstituted butyl. In embodiments, R 10D is independently unsubstituted n-butyl. In embodiments, R 10D is independently unsubstituted tert-butyl. In embodiments, R 10D is independently substituted or unsubstituted aryl. In embodiments, R 10D is independently substituted or unsubstituted phenyl. [0377] In embodiments, R 11 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 11 3 , -CHX 11 2 , -CH 2 X 11 , -OCX 11 3, -OCH 2 X 11 , -OCHX 11 2, -CN, -SOn11R 11D , -SOv11NR 11A R 11B , -NHC(O)NR 11A R 11B , -NR 11C NR 11A R 11B , -ONR 11A R 11B , -NHC(O)NR 11C NR 11A R 11B , -N(O)m11, -NR 11A R 11B , -C(O)R 11C , -C(O)OR 11C , -C(O)NR 11A R 11B , -OR 11D , -NR 11A SO 2 R 11D , -NR 11A C(O)R 11C , -NR 11A C(O)OR 11C , -NR 11A OR 11C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 -C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). R 11A , R 11B , R 11C , and R 11D are as described herein, including in embodiments. X 11 is independently –F, -Cl, -Br, or –I. The symbol n11 is independently an integer from 0 to 4. The symbols m11 and v11 are independently 1 or 2. [0378] In embodiments, R 11 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -OCCl3, -OCF 3 , -OCBr3, -OCI 3 , -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHI 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 I, -OCH 2 F, -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0379] In embodiments, a substituted R 11 (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 11 is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 11 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 11 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 11 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0380] In embodiments, R 11A is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0381] In embodiments, a substituted R 11A (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 11A is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 11A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 11A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 11A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0382] In embodiments, R 11B is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0383] In embodiments, a substituted R 11B (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 11B is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 11B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 11B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 11B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0384] In embodiments, R 11A and R 11B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered) or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0385] In embodiments, a substituted moiety formed by joining R 11A and R 11B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom (e.g., substituted heterocycloalkyl and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted moiety formed by joining R 11A and R 11B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 11A and R 11B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 11A and R 11B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 11A and R 11B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0386] In embodiments, R 11C is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0387] In embodiments, a substituted R 11C (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 11C is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 11C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 11C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 11C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0388] In embodiments, R 11D is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl 3 , -OCBr 3 , -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0389] In embodiments, a substituted R 11D (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 11D is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 11D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 11D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 11D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0390] In embodiments, R 11 is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 11 is independently halogen. In embodiments, R 11 is independently –F. In embodiments, R 11 is independently –Cl. In embodiments, R 11 is independently –Br. In embodiments, R 11 is independently –I. In embodiments, R 11 is independently –OH. [0391] In embodiments, R 11 is independently –OR 11D . In embodiments, R 11D is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 11D is independently unsubstituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl. In embodiments, R 11D is independently unsubstituted methyl. In embodiments, R 11D is independently unsubstituted ethyl. In embodiments, R 11D is independently unsubstituted propyl. In embodiments, R 11D is independently unsubstituted n-propyl. In embodiments, R 11D is independently unsubstituted isopropyl. In embodiments, R 11D is independently unsubstituted butyl. In embodiments, R 11D is independently unsubstituted n-butyl. In embodiments, R 11D is independently unsubstituted tert-butyl. In embodiments, R 11D is independently substituted or unsubstituted aryl. In embodiments, R 11D is independently substituted or unsubstituted phenyl. [0392] In embodiments, R 12 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 12 3, -CHX 12 2, -CH 2 X 12 , -OCX 12 3 , -OCH 2 X 12 , -OCHX 12 2 , -CN, -SO n12 R 12D , -SO v12 NR 12A R 12B , -NHC(O)NR 12A R 12B , -NR 12C NR 12A R 12B , -ONR 12A R 12B , -NHC(O)NR 12C NR 12A R 12B , -N(O)m12, -NR 12A R 12B , -C(O)R 12C , -C(O)OR 12C , -C(O)NR 12A R 12B , -OR 12D , -NR 12A SO 2 R 12D , -NR 12A C(O)R 12C , -NR 12A C(O)OR 12C , -NR 12A OR 12C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 -C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). R 12A , R 12B , R 12C , and R 12D are as described herein, including in embodiments. X 12 is independently –F, -Cl, -Br, or –I. The symbol n12 is independently an integer from 0 to 4. The symbols m12 and v12 are independently 1 or 2. [0393] In embodiments, R 12 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -OCCl3, -OCF 3 , -OCBr3, -OCl 3 , -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHI 2 , -OCHF2, -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 I, -OCH 2 F, -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0394] In embodiments, a substituted R 12 (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 12 is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 12 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 12 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 12 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0395] In embodiments, R 12A is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl 3 , -OCBr 3 , -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0396] In embodiments, a substituted R 12A (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 12A is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 12A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 12A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 12A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0397] In embodiments, R 12B is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0398] In embodiments, a substituted R 12B (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 12B is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 12B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 12B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 12B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0399] In embodiments, R 12A and R 12B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered) or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0400] In embodiments, a substituted moiety formed by joining R 12A and R 12B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom (e.g., substituted heterocycloalkyl and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted moiety formed by joining R 12A and R 12B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 12A and R 12B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 12A and R 12B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 12A and R 12B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0401] In embodiments, R 12C is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0402] In embodiments, a substituted R 12C (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 12C is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 12C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 12C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 12C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0403] In embodiments, R 12D is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0404] In embodiments, a substituted R 12D (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 12D is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 12D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 12D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 12D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0405] In embodiments, R 12 is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 12 is independently halogen. In embodiments, R 12 is independently –F. In embodiments, R 12 is independently –Cl. In embodiments, R 12 is independently –Br. In embodiments, R 12 is independently –I. In embodiments, R 12 is independently –OH. [0406] In embodiments, R 12 is independently –OR 12D . In embodiments, R 12D is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 12D is independently unsubstituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl. In embodiments, R 12D is independently unsubstituted methyl. In embodiments, R 12D is independently unsubstituted ethyl. In embodiments, R 12D is independently unsubstituted propyl. In embodiments, R 12D is independently unsubstituted n-propyl. In embodiments, R 12D is independently unsubstituted isopropyl. In embodiments, R 12D is independently unsubstituted butyl. In embodiments, R 12D is independently unsubstituted n-butyl. In embodiments, R 12D is independently unsubstituted tert-butyl. In embodiments, R 12D is independently substituted or unsubstituted aryl. In embodiments, R 12D is independently substituted or unsubstituted phenyl. [0407] In embodiments, R 13 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 13 3 , -CHX 13 2 , -CH 2 X 13 , -OCX 13 3, -OCH 2 X 13 , -OCHX 13 2, -CN, -SOn13R 13D , -SOv13NR 13A R 13B , -NHC(O)NR 13A R 13B , -NR 13C NR 13A R 13B , -ONR 13A R 13B , -NHC(O)NR 13C NR 13A R 13B , -N(O) m13 , -NR 13A R 13B , -C(O)R 13C , -C(O)OR 13C , -C(O)NR 13A R 13B , -OR 13D , -NR 13A SO 2 R 13D , -NR 13A C(O)R 13C , -NR 13A C(O)OR 13C , -NR 13A OR 13C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 -C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). R 13A , R 13B , R 13C , and R 13D are as described herein, including in embodiments. X 13 is independently –F, -Cl, -Br, or –I. The symbol n13 is independently an integer from 0 to 4. The symbols m13 and v13 are independently 1 or 2. [0408] In embodiments, R 13 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -OCCl3, -OCF 3 , -OCBr3, -OCI 3 , -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHI 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 I, -OCH 2 F, -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0409] In embodiments, a substituted R 13 (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 13 is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 13 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 13 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 13 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0410] In embodiments, R 13A is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0411] In embodiments, a substituted R 13A (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 13A is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 13A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 13A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 13A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0412] In embodiments, R 13B is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0413] In embodiments, a substituted R 13B (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 13B is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 13B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 13B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 13B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0414] In embodiments, R 13A and R 13B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered) or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0415] In embodiments, a substituted moiety formed by joining R 13A and R 13B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom (e.g., substituted heterocycloalkyl and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted moiety formed by joining R 13A and R 13B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 13A and R 13B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 13A and R 13B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 13A and R 13B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0416] In embodiments, R 13C is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0417] In embodiments, a substituted R 13C (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 13C is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 13C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 13C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 13C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0418] In embodiments, R 13D is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0419] In embodiments, a substituted R 13D (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 13D is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 13D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 13D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 13D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0420] In embodiments, R 13 is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 13 is independently halogen. In embodiments, R 13 is independently –F. In embodiments, R 13 is independently –Cl. In embodiments, R 13 is independently –Br. In embodiments, R 13 is independently –I. In embodiments, R 13 is independently –OH. [0421] In embodiments, R 13 is independently –OR 13D . In embodiments, R 13D is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 13D is independently unsubstituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl. In embodiments, R 13D is independently unsubstituted methyl. In embodiments, R 13D is independently unsubstituted ethyl. In embodiments, R 13D is independently unsubstituted propyl. In embodiments, R 13D is independently unsubstituted n-propyl. In embodiments, R 13D is independently unsubstituted isopropyl. In embodiments, R 13D is independently unsubstituted butyl. In embodiments, R 13D is independently unsubstituted n-butyl. In embodiments, R 13D is independently unsubstituted tert-butyl. In embodiments, R 13D is independently substituted or unsubstituted aryl. In embodiments, R 13D is independently substituted or unsubstituted phenyl. [0422] In embodiments, R 14 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 14 3, -CHX 14 2, -CH 2 X 14 , -OCX 14 3 , -OCH 2 X 14 , -OCHX 14 2 , -CN, -SO n14 R 14D , -SO v14 NR 14A R 14B , -NHC(O)NR 14A R 14B , -NR 14C NR 14A R 14B , -ONR 14A R 14B , -NHC(O)NR 14C NR 14A R 14B , -N(O)m14, -NR 14A R 14B , -C(O)R 14C , -C(O)OR 14C , -C(O)NR 14A R 14B , -OR 14D , -NR 14A SO 2 R 14D , -NR 14A C(O)R 14C , -NR 14A C(O)OR 14C , -NR 14A OR 14C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 -C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). R 14A , R 14B , R 14C , and R 14D are as described herein, including in embodiments. X 14 is independently –F, -Cl, -Br, or –I. The symbol n14 is independently an integer from 0 to 4. The symbols m14 and v14 are independently 1 or 2. [0423] In embodiments, R 14 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -OCCl3, -OCF 3 , -OCBr 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHI 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 I, -OCH 2 F, -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0424] In embodiments, a substituted R 14 (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 14 is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 14 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 14 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 14 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0425] In embodiments, R 14A is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0426] In embodiments, a substituted R 14A (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 14A is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 14A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 14A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 14A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0427] In embodiments, R 14B is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0428] In embodiments, a substituted R 14B (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 14B is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 14B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 14B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 14B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0429] In embodiments, R 14A and R 14B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered) or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0430] In embodiments, a substituted moiety formed by joining R 14A and R 14B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom (e.g., substituted heterocycloalkyl and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted moiety formed by joining R 14A and R 14B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 14A and R 14B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 14A and R 14B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 14A and R 14B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0431] In embodiments, R 14C is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0432] In embodiments, a substituted R 14C (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 14C is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 14C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 14C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 14C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0433] In embodiments, R 14D is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl 3 , -OCBr 3 , -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0434] In embodiments, a substituted R 14D (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 14D is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 14D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 14D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 14D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0435] In embodiments, R 14 is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 14 is independently halogen. In embodiments, R 14 is independently –F. In embodiments, R 14 is independently –Cl. In embodiments, R 14 is independently –Br. In embodiments, R 14 is independently –I. In embodiments, R 14 is independently –OH. [0436] In embodiments, R 14 is independently –OR 14D . In embodiments, R 14D is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 14D is independently unsubstituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl. In embodiments, R 14D is independently unsubstituted methyl. In embodiments, R 14D is independently unsubstituted ethyl. In embodiments, R 14D is independently unsubstituted propyl. In embodiments, R 14D is independently unsubstituted n-propyl. In embodiments, R 14D is independently unsubstituted isopropyl. In embodiments, R 14D is independently unsubstituted butyl. In embodiments, R 14D is independently unsubstituted n-butyl. In embodiments, R 14D is independently unsubstituted tert-butyl. In embodiments, R 14D is independently substituted or unsubstituted aryl. In embodiments, R 14D is independently substituted or unsubstituted phenyl. [0437] In embodiments, R 15 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 15 3, -CHX 15 2, -CH 2 X 15 , -OCX 15 3 , -OCH 2 X 15 , -OCHX 15 2 , -CN, -SO n15 R 15D , -SO v15 NR 15A R 15B , -NHC(O)NR 15A R 15B , -NR 15C NR 15A R 15B , -ONR 15A R 15B , -NHC(O)NR 15C NR 15A R 15B , -N(O)m15, -NR 15A R 15B , -C(O)R 15C , -C(O)OR 15C , -C(O)NR 15A R 15B , -OR 15D , -NR 15A SO 2 R 15D , -NR 15A C(O)R 15C , -NR 15A C(O)OR 15C , -NR 15A OR 15C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 -C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). R 15A , R 15B , R 15C , and R 15D are as described herein, including in embodiments. X 15 is independently –F, -Cl, -Br, or –I. The symbol n15 is independently an integer from 0 to 4. The symbols m15 and v15 are independently 1 or 2. [0438] In embodiments, R 15 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -OCCl3, -OCF 3 , -OCBr3, -OCl 3 , -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHI 2 , -OCHF2, -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 I, -OCH 2 F, -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0439] In embodiments, a substituted R 15 (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 15 is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 15 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 15 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 15 is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0440] In embodiments, R 15A is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO3H, -SO4H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl 3 , -OCBr 3 , -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0441] In embodiments, a substituted R 15A (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 15A is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 15A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 15A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 15A is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0442] In embodiments, R 15B is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0443] In embodiments, a substituted R 15B (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 15B is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 15B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 15B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 15B is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0444] In embodiments, R 15A and R 15B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size- limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered) or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0445] In embodiments, a substituted moiety formed by joining R 15A and R 15B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom (e.g., substituted heterocycloalkyl and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted moiety formed by joining R 15A and R 15B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 15A and R 15B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 15A and R 15B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when the moiety formed by joining R 15A and R 15B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0446] In embodiments, R 15C is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl3, -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCl 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF 2 , -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCI 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCl 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0447] In embodiments, a substituted R 15C (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 15C is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 15C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 15C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 15C is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0448] In embodiments, R 15D is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -CI 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 8 , C 1 -C 6 , C 1 -C 4 , or C 1 - C 2 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroalkyl (e.g., 2 to 8 membered, 2 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 2 to 3 membered, or 4 to 5 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0449] In embodiments, a substituted R 15D (e.g., substituted alkyl, substituted heteroalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted R 15D is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size-limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when R 15D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when R 15D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when R 15D is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0450] In embodiments, R 15 is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 15 is independently halogen. In embodiments, R 15 is independently –F. In embodiments, R 15 is independently –Cl. In embodiments, R 15 is independently –Br. In embodiments, R 15 is independently –I. In embodiments, R 15 is independently –OH. [0451] In embodiments, R 15 is independently –OR 15D . In embodiments, R 15D is independently hydrogen. In embodiments, R 15D is independently unsubstituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl. In embodiments, R 15D is independently unsubstituted methyl. In embodiments, R 15D is independently unsubstituted ethyl. In embodiments, R 15D is independently unsubstituted propyl. In embodiments, R 15D is independently unsubstituted n-propyl. In embodiments, R 15D is independently unsubstituted isopropyl. In embodiments, R 15D is independently unsubstituted butyl. In embodiments, R 15D is independently unsubstituted n-butyl. In embodiments, R 15D is independently unsubstituted tert-butyl. In embodiments, R 15D is independently substituted or unsubstituted aryl. In embodiments, R 15D is independently substituted or unsubstituted phenyl. [0452] In embodiments, R 1 and R 2 substituents may be joined to form a substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0453] In embodiments, a substituted ring formed by joining R 1 and R 2 substituents (e.g., substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted ring formed by joining R 1 and R 2 substituents is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size- limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 1 and R 2 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 1 and R 2 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 1 and R 2 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0454] In embodiments, R 2 and R 3 substituents may be joined to form a substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0455] In embodiments, a substituted ring formed by joining R 2 and R 3 substituents (e.g., substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted ring formed by joining R 2 and R 3 substituents is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size- limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 2 and R 3 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 2 and R 3 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 2 and R 3 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0456] In embodiments, R 3 and R 4 substituents may be joined to form a substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0457] In embodiments, a substituted ring formed by joining R 3 and R 4 substituents (e.g., substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted ring formed by joining R 3 and R 4 substituents is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size- limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 3 and R 4 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 3 and R 4 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 3 and R 4 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0458] In embodiments, R 4 and R 5 substituents may be joined to form a substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0459] In embodiments, a substituted ring formed by joining R 4 and R 5 substituents (e.g., substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted ring formed by joining R 4 and R 5 substituents is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size- limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 4 and R 5 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 4 and R 5 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 4 and R 5 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0460] In embodiments, R 6 and R 7 substituents may be joined to form a substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0461] In embodiments, a substituted ring formed by joining R 6 and R 7 substituents (e.g., substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted ring formed by joining R 6 and R 7 substituents is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size- limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 6 and R 7 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 6 and R 7 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 6 and R 7 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0462] In embodiments, R 7 and R 8 substituents may be joined to form a substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0463] In embodiments, a substituted ring formed by joining R 7 and R 8 substituents (e.g., substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted ring formed by joining R 7 and R 8 substituents is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size- limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 7 and R 8 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 7 and R 8 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 7 and R 8 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0464] In embodiments, R 8 and R 9 substituents may be joined to form a substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0465] In embodiments, a substituted ring formed by joining R 8 and R 9 substituents (e.g., substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted ring formed by joining R 8 and R 9 substituents is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size- limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 8 and R 9 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 8 and R 9 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 8 and R 9 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0466] In embodiments, R 9 and R 10 substituents may be joined to form a substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0467] In embodiments, a substituted ring formed by joining R 9 and R 10 substituents (e.g., substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted ring formed by joining R 9 and R 10 substituents is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size- limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 9 and R 10 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 9 and R 10 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 9 and R 10 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0468] In embodiments, R 11 and R 12 substituents may be joined to form a substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0469] In embodiments, a substituted ring formed by joining R 11 and R 12 substituents (e.g., substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted ring formed by joining R 11 and R 12 substituents is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size- limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 11 and R 12 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 11 and R 12 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 11 and R 12 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0470] In embodiments, R 12 and R 13 substituents may be joined to form a substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0471] In embodiments, a substituted ring formed by joining R 12 and R 13 substituents (e.g., substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted ring formed by joining R 12 and R 13 substituents is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size- limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 12 and R 13 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 12 and R 13 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 12 and R 13 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0472] In embodiments, R 13 and R 14 substituents may be joined to form a substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0473] In embodiments, a substituted ring formed by joining R 13 and R 14 substituents (e.g., substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted ring formed by joining R 13 and R 14 substituents is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size- limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 13 and R 14 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 13 and R 14 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 13 and R 14 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0474] In embodiments, R 14 and R 15 substituents may be joined to form a substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted cycloalkyl (e.g., C 3 -C 8 , C 3 -C 6 , C 4 -C 6 , or C 5 -C 6 ), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl (e.g., 3 to 8 membered, 3 to 6 membered, 4 to 6 membered, 4 to 5 membered, or 5 to 6 membered), substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted aryl (e.g., C 6 -C 10 or phenyl), or substituted (e.g., substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group) or unsubstituted heteroaryl (e.g., 5 to 10 membered, 5 to 9 membered, or 5 to 6 membered). [0475] In embodiments, a substituted ring formed by joining R 14 and R 15 substituents (e.g., substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, and/or substituted heteroaryl) is substituted with at least one substituent group, size-limited substituent group, or lower substituent group; wherein if the substituted ring formed by joining R 14 and R 15 substituents is substituted with a plurality of groups selected from substituent groups, size- limited substituent groups, and lower substituent groups; each substituent group, size-limited substituent group, and/or lower substituent group may optionally be different. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 14 and R 15 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one substituent group. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 14 and R 15 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one size-limited substituent group. In embodiments, when the ring formed by joining R 14 and R 15 substituents is substituted, it is substituted with at least one lower substituent group. [0476] In embodiments, R 1 is independently –OR 1D ; R 6 is independently –OR 6D ; R 11 is independently –OR 11D ; and R 4 , R 9 , and R 14 are each independently halogen. In embodiments, R 1 , R 6 , and R 11 are each independently –OH; and R 4 , R 9 , and R 14 are each independently -Cl. [0477] In embodiments, R 1 is independently –OR 1D ; R 6 is independently –OR 6D ; and R 4 and R 9 are each independently halogen. In embodiments, R 1 and R 6 are each independently – OH; and R 4 and R 9 are each independently -Cl. [0478] In embodiments, when R 1 is substituted, R 1 is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 1.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 1.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 1.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 1.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 1.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 1.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 1.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 1 , R 1.1 , R 1.2 , and R 1.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 1 , R 1.1 , R 1.2 , and R 1.3 , respectively. [0479] In embodiments, when R 1A is substituted, R 1A is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 1A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 1A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 1A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 1A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 1A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 1A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 1A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 1A , R 1A.1 , R 1A.2 , and R 1A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 1A , R 1A.1 , R 1A.2 , and R 1A.3 , respectively. [0480] In embodiments, when R 1B is substituted, R 1B is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 1B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 1B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 1B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 1B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 1B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 1B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 1B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 1B , R 1B.1 , R 1B.2 , and R 1B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 1B , R 1B.1 , R 1B.2 , and R 1B.3 , respectively. [0481] In embodiments, when R 1A and R 1B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 1A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 1A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 1A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 1A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 1A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 1A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 1A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 1A.1 , R 1A.2 , and R 1A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 1A.1 , R 1A.2 , and R 1A.3 , respectively. [0482] In embodiments, when R 1A and R 1B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 1B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 1B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 1B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 1B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 1B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 1B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 1B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 1B.1 , R 1B.2 , and R 1B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 1B.1 , R 1B.2 , and R 1B.3 , respectively. [0483] In embodiments, when R 1C is substituted, R 1C is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 1C.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 1C.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 1C.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 1C.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 1C.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 1C.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 1C.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 1C , R 1C.1 , R 1C.2 , and R 1C.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 1C , R 1C.1 , R 1C.2 , and R 1C.3 , respectively. [0484] In embodiments, when R 1D is substituted, R 1D is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 1D.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 1D.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 1D.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 1D.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 1D.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 1D.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 1D.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 1D , R 1D.1 , R 1D.2 , and R 1D.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 1D , R 1D.1 , R 1D.2 , and R 1D.3 , respectively. [0485] In embodiments, when R 2 is substituted, R 2 is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 2.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 2.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 2.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 2.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 2.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 2.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 2.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 2 , R 2.1 , R 2.2 , and R 2.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 2 , R 2.1 , R 2.2 , and R 2.3 , respectively. [0486] In embodiments, when R 2A is substituted, R 2A is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 2A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 2A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 2A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 2A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 2A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 2A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 2A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 2A , R 2A.1 , R 2A.2 , and R 2A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 2A , R 2A.1 , R 2A.2 , and R 2A.3 , respectively. [0487] In embodiments, when R 2B is substituted, R 2B is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 2B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 2B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 2B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 2B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 2B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 2B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 2B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 2B , R 2B.1 , R 2B.2 , and R 2B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 2B , R 2B.1 , R 2B.2 , and R 2B.3 , respectively. [0488] In embodiments, when R 2A and R 2B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 2A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 2A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 2A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 2A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 2A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 2A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 2A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 2A.1 , R 2A.2 , and R 2A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 2A.1 , R 2A.2 , and R 2A.3 , respectively. [0489] In embodiments, when R 2A and R 2B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 2B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 2B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 2B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 2B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 2B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 2B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 2B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 2B.1 , R 2B.2 , and R 2B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 2B.1 , R 2B.2 , and R 2B.3 , respectively. [0490] In embodiments, when R 2C is substituted, R 2C is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 2C.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 2C.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 2C.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 2C.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 2C.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 2C.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 2C.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 2C , R 2C.1 , R 2C.2 , and R 2C.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 2C , R 2C.1 , R 2C.2 , and R 2C.3 , respectively. [0491] In embodiments, when R 2D is substituted, R 2D is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 2D.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 2D.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 2D.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 2D.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 2D.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 2D.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 2D.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 2D , R 2D.1 , R 2D.2 , and R 2D.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 2D , R 2D.1 , R 2D.2 , and R 2D.3 , respectively. [0492] In embodiments, when R 3 is substituted, R 3 is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 3.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 3.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 3.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 3.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 3.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 3.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 3.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 3 , R 3.1 , R 3.2 , and R 3.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 3 , R 3.1 , R 3.2 , and R 3.3 , respectively. [0493] In embodiments, when R 3A is substituted, R 3A is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 3A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 3A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 3A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 3A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 3A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 3A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 3A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 3A , R 3A.1 , R 3A.2 , and R 3A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 3A , R 3A.1 , R 3A.2 , and R 3A.3 , respectively. [0494] In embodiments, when R 3B is substituted, R 3B is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 3B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 3B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 3B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 3B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 3B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 3B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 3B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 3B , R 3B.1 , R 3B.2 , and R 3B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 3B , R 3B.1 , R 3B.2 , and R 3B.3 , respectively. [0495] In embodiments, when R 3A and R 3B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 3A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 3A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 3A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 3A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 3A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 3A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 3A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 3A.1 , R 3A.2 , and R 3A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 3A.1 , R 3A.2 , and R 3A.3 , respectively. [0496] In embodiments, when R 3A and R 3B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 3B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 3B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 3B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 3B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 3B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 3B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 3B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 3B.1 , R 3B.2 , and R 3B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 3B.1 , R 3B.2 , and R 3B.3 , respectively. [0497] In embodiments, when R 3C is substituted, R 3C is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 3C.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 3C.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 3C.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 3C.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 3C.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 3C.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 3C.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 3C , R 3C.1 , R 3C.2 , and R 3C.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 3C , R 3C.1 , R 3C.2 , and R 3C.3 , respectively. [0498] In embodiments, when R 3D is substituted, R 3D is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 3D.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 3D.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 3D.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 3D.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 3D.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 3D.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 3D.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 3D , R 3D.1 , R 3D.2 , and R 3D.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 3D , R 3D.1 , R 3D.2 , and R 3D.3 , respectively. [0499] In embodiments, when R 4 is substituted, R 4 is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 4.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 4.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 4.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 4.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 4.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 4.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 4.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 4 , R 4.1 , R 4.2 , and R 4.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 4 , R 4.1 , R 4.2 , and R 4.3 , respectively. [0500] In embodiments, when R 4A is substituted, R 4A is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 4A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 4A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 4A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 4A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 4A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 4A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 4A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 4A , R 4A.1 , R 4A.2 , and R 4A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 4A , R 4A.1 , R 4A.2 , and R 4A.3 , respectively. [0501] In embodiments, when R 4B is substituted, R 4B is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 4B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 4B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 4B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 4B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 4B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 4B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 4B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 4B , R 4B.1 , R 4B.2 , and R 4B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 4B , R 4B.1 , R 4B.2 , and R 4B.3 , respectively. [0502] In embodiments, when R 4A and R 4B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 4A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 4A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 4A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 4A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 4A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 4A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 4A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 4A.1 , R 4A.2 , and R 4A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 4A.1 , R 4A.2 , and R 4A.3 , respectively. [0503] In embodiments, when R 4A and R 4B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 4B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 4B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 4B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 4B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 4B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 4B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 4B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 4B.1 , R 4B.2 , and R 4B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 4B.1 , R 4B.2 , and R 4B.3 , respectively. [0504] In embodiments, when R 4C is substituted, R 4C is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 4C.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 4C.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 4C.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 4C.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 4C.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 4C.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 4C.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 4C , R 4C.1 , R 4C.2 , and R 4C.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 4C , R 4C.1 , R 4C.2 , and R 4C.3 , respectively. [0505] In embodiments, when R 4D is substituted, R 4D is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 4D.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 4D.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 4D.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 4D.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 4D.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 4D.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 4D.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 4D , R 4D.1 , R 4D.2 , and R 4D.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 4D , R 4D.1 , R 4D.2 , and R 4D.3 , respectively. [0506] In embodiments, when R 5 is substituted, R 5 is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 5.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 5.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 5.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 5.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 5.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 5.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 5.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 5 , R 5.1 , R 5.2 , and R 5.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 5 , R 5.1 , R 5.2 , and R 5.3 , respectively. [0507] In embodiments, when R 5A is substituted, R 5A is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 5A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 5A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 5A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 5A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 5A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 5A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 5A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 5A , R 5A.1 , R 5A.2 , and R 5A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 5A , R 5A.1 , R 5A.2 , and R 5A.3 , respectively. [0508] In embodiments, when R 5B is substituted, R 5B is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 5B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 5B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 5B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 5B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 5B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 5B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 5B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 5B , R 5B.1 , R 5B.2 , and R 5B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 5B , R 5B.1 , R 5B.2 , and R 5B.3 , respectively. [0509] In embodiments, when R 5A and R 5B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 5A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 5A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 5A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 5A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 5A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 5A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 5A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 5A.1 , R 5A.2 , and R 5A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 5A.1 , R 5A.2 , and R 5A.3 , respectively. [0510] In embodiments, when R 5A and R 5B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 5B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 5B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 5B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 5B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 5B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 5B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 5B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 5B.1 , R 5B.2 , and R 5B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 5B.1 , R 5B.2 , and R 5B.3 , respectively. [0511] In embodiments, when R 5C is substituted, R 5C is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 5C.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 5C.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 5C.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 5C.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 5C.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 5C.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 5C.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 5C , R 5C.1 , R 5C.2 , and R 5C.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 5C , R 5C.1 , R 5C.2 , and R 5C.3 , respectively. [0512] In embodiments, when R 5D is substituted, R 5D is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 5D.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 5D.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 5D.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 5D.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 5D.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 5D.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 5D.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 5D , R 5D.1 , R 5D.2 , and R 5D.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 5D , R 5D.1 , R 5D.2 , and R 5D.3 , respectively. [0513] In embodiments, when R 6 is substituted, R 6 is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 6.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 6.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 6.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 6.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 6.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 6.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 6.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 6 , R 6.1 , R 6.2 , and R 6.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 6 , R 6.1 , R 6.2 , and R 6.3 , respectively. [0514] In embodiments, when R 6A is substituted, R 6A is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 6A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 6A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 6A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 6A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 6A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 6A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 6A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 6A , R 6A.1 , R 6A.2 , and R 6A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 6A , R 6A.1 , R 6A.2 , and R 6A.3 , respectively. [0515] In embodiments, when R 6B is substituted, R 6B is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 6B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 6B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 6B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 6B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 6B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 6B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 6B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 6B , R 6B.1 , R 6B.2 , and R 6B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 6B , R 6B.1 , R 6B.2 , and R 6B.3 , respectively. [0516] In embodiments, when R 6A and R 6B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 6A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 6A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 6A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 6A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 6A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 6A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 6A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 6A.1 , R 6A.2 , and R 6A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 6A.1 , R 6A.2 , and R 6A.3 , respectively. [0517] In embodiments, when R 6A and R 6B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 6B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 6B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 6B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 6B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 6B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 6B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 6B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 6B.1 , R 6B.2 , and R 6B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 6B.1 , R 6B.2 , and R 6B.3 , respectively. [0518] In embodiments, when R 6C is substituted, R 6C is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 6C.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 6C.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 6C.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 6C.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 6C.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 6C.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 6C.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 6C , R 6C.1 , R 6C.2 , and R 6C.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 6C , R 6C.1 , R 6C.2 , and R 6C.3 , respectively. [0519] In embodiments, when R 6D is substituted, R 6D is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 6D.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 6D.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 6D.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 6D.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 6D.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 6D.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 6D.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 6D , R 6D.1 , R 6D.2 , and R 6D.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 6D , R 6D.1 , R 6D.2 , and R 6D.3 , respectively. [0520] In embodiments, when R 7 is substituted, R 7 is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 7.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 7.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 7.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 7.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 7.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 7.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 7.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 7 , R 7.1 , R 7.2 , and R 7.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 7 , R 7.1 , R 7.2 , and R 7.3 , respectively. [0521] In embodiments, when R 7A is substituted, R 7A is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 7A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 7A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 7A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 7A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 7A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 7A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 7A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 7A , R 7A.1 , R 7A.2 , and R 7A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 7A , R 7A.1 , R 7A.2 , and R 7A.3 , respectively. [0522] In embodiments, when R 7B is substituted, R 7B is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 7B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 7B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 7B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 7B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 7B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 7B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 7B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 7B , R 7B.1 , R 7B.2 , and R 7B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 7B , R 7B.1 , R 7B.2 , and R 7B.3 , respectively. [0523] In embodiments, when R 7A and R 7B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 7A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 7A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 7A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 7A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 7A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 7A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 7A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 7A.1 , R 7A.2 , and R 7A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 7A.1 , R 7A.2 , and R 7A.3 , respectively. [0524] In embodiments, when R 7A and R 7B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 7B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 7B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 7B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 7B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 7B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 7B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 7B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 7B.1 , R 7B.2 , and R 7B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 7B.1 , R 7B.2 , and R 7B.3 , respectively. [0525] In embodiments, when R 7C is substituted, R 7C is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 7C.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 7C.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 7C.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 7C.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 7C.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 7C.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 7C.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 7C , R 7C.1 , R 7C.2 , and R 7C.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 7C , R 7C.1 , R 7C.2 , and R 7C.3 , respectively. [0526] In embodiments, when R 7D is substituted, R 7D is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 7D.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 7D.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 7D.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 7D.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 7D.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 7D.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 7D.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 7D , R 7D.1 , R 7D.2 , and R 7D.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 7D , R 7D.1 , R 7D.2 , and R 7D.3 , respectively. [0527] In embodiments, when R 8 is substituted, R 8 is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 8.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 8.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 8.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 8.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 8.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 8.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 8.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 8 , R 8.1 , R 8.2 , and R 8.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 8 , R 8.1 , R 8.2 , and R 8.3 , respectively. [0528] In embodiments, when R 8A is substituted, R 8A is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 8A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 8A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 8A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 8A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 8A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 8A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 8A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 8A , R 8A.1 , R 8A.2 , and R 8A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 8A , R 8A.1 , R 8A.2 , and R 8A.3 , respectively. [0529] In embodiments, when R 8B is substituted, R 8B is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 8B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 8B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 8B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 8B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 8B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 8B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 8B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 8B , R 8B.1 , R 8B.2 , and R 8B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 8B , R 8B.1 , R 8B.2 , and R 8B.3 , respectively. [0530] In embodiments, when R 8A and R 8B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 8A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 8A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 8A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 8A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 8A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 8A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 8A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 8A.1 , R 8A.2 , and R 8A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 8A.1 , R 8A.2 , and R 8A.3 , respectively. [0531] In embodiments, when R 8A and R 8B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 8B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 8B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 8B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 8B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 8B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 8B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 8B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 8B.1 , R 8B.2 , and R 8B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 8B.1 , R 8B.2 , and R 8B.3 , respectively. [0532] In embodiments, when R 8C is substituted, R 8C is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 8C.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 8C.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 8C.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 8C.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 8C.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 8C.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 8C.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 8C , R 8C.1 , R 8C.2 , and R 8C.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 8C , R 8C.1 , R 8C.2 , and R 8C.3 , respectively. [0533] In embodiments, when R 8D is substituted, R 8D is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 8D.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 8D.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 8D.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 8D.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 8D.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 8D.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 8D.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 8D , R 8D.1 , R 8D.2 , and R 8D.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 8D , R 8D.1 , R 8D.2 , and R 8D.3 , respectively. [0534] In embodiments, when R 9 is substituted, R 9 is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 9.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 9.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 9.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 9.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 9.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 9.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 9.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 9 , R 9.1 , R 9.2 , and R 9.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 9 , R 9.1 , R 9.2 , and R 9.3 , respectively. [0535] In embodiments, when R 9A is substituted, R 9A is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 9A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 9A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 9A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 9A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 9A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 9A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 9A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 9A , R 9A.1 , R 9A.2 , and R 9A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 9A , R 9A.1 , R 9A.2 , and R 9A.3 , respectively. [0536] In embodiments, when R 9B is substituted, R 9B is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 9B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 9B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 9B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 9B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 9B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 9B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 9B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 9B , R 9B.1 , R 9B.2 , and R 9B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 9B , R 9B.1 , R 9B.2 , and R 9B.3 , respectively. [0537] In embodiments, when R 9A and R 9B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 9A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 9A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 9A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 9A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 9A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 9A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 9A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 9A.1 , R 9A.2 , and R 9A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 9A.1 , R 9A.2 , and R 9A.3 , respectively. [0538] In embodiments, when R 9A and R 9B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 9B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 9B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 9B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 9B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 9B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 9B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 9B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 9B.1 , R 9B.2 , and R 9B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 9B.1 , R 9B.2 , and R 9B.3 , respectively. [0539] In embodiments, when R 9C is substituted, R 9C is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 9C.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 9C.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 9C.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 9C.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 9C.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 9C.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 9C.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 9C , R 9C.1 , R 9C.2 , and R 9C.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 9C , R 9C.1 , R 9C.2 , and R 9C.3 , respectively. [0540] In embodiments, when R 9D is substituted, R 9D is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 9D.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 9D.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 9D.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 9D.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 9D.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 9D.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 9D.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 9D , R 9D.1 , R 9D.2 , and R 9D.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 9D , R 9D.1 , R 9D.2 , and R 9D.3 , respectively. [0541] In embodiments, when R 10 is substituted, R 10 is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 10.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 10.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 10.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 10.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 10.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 10.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 10.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 10 , R 10.1 , R 10.2 , and R 10.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 10 , R 10.1 , R 10.2 , and R 10.3 , respectively. [0542] In embodiments, when R 10A is substituted, R 10A is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 10A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 10A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 10A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 10A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 10A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 10A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 10A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 10A , R 10A.1 , R 10A.2 , and R 10A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 10A , R 10A.1 , R 10A.2 , and R 10A.3 , respectively. [0543] In embodiments, when R 10B is substituted, R 10B is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 10B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 10B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 10B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 10B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 10B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 10B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 10B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 10B , R 10B.1 , R 10B.2 , and R 10B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 10B , R 10B.1 , R 10B.2 , and R 10B.3 , respectively. [0544] In embodiments, when R 10A and R 10B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 10A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 10A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 10A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 10A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 10A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 10A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 10A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 10A.1 , R 10A.2 , and R 10A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 10A.1 , R 10A.2 , and R 10A.3 , respectively. [0545] In embodiments, when R 10A and R 10B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 10B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 10B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 10B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 10B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 10B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 10B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 10B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 10B.1 , R 10B.2 , and R 10B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 10B.1 , R 10B.2 , and R 10B.3 , respectively. [0546] In embodiments, when R 10C is substituted, R 10C is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 10C.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 10C.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 10C.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 10C.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 10C.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 10C.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 10C.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 10C , R 10C.1 , R 10C.2 , and R 10C.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 10C , R 10C.1 , R 10C.2 , and R 10C.3 , respectively. [0547] In embodiments, when R 10D is substituted, R 10D is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 10D.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 10D.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 10D.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 10D.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 10D.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 10D.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 10D.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 10D , R 10D.1 , R 10D.2 , and R 10D.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 10D , R 10D.1 , R 10D.2 , and R 10D.3 , respectively. [0548] In embodiments, when R 11 is substituted, R 11 is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 11.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 11.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 11.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 11.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 11.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 11.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 11.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 11 , R 11.1 , R 11.2 , and R 11.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 11 , R 11.1 , R 11.2 , and R 11.3 , respectively. [0549] In embodiments, when R 11A is substituted, R 11A is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 11A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 11A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 11A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 11A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 11A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 11A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 11A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 11A , R 11A.1 , R 11A.2 , and R 11A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 11A , R 11A.1 , R 11A.2 , and R 11A.3 , respectively. [0550] In embodiments, when R 11B is substituted, R 11B is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 11B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 11B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 11B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 11B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 11B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 11B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 11B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 11B , R 11B.1 , R 11B.2 , and R 11B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 11B , R 11B.1 , R 11B.2 , and R 11B.3 , respectively. [0551] In embodiments, when R 11A and R 11B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 11A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 11A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 11A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 11A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 11A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 11A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 11A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 11A.1 , R 11A.2 , and R 11A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 11A.1 , R 11A.2 , and R 11A.3 , respectively. [0552] In embodiments, when R 11A and R 11B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 11B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 11B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 11B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 11B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 11B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 11B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 11B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 11B.1 , R 11B.2 , and R 11B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 11B.1 , R 11B.2 , and R 11B.3 , respectively. [0553] In embodiments, when R 11C is substituted, R 11C is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 11C.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 11C.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 11C.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 11C.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 11C.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 11C.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 11C.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 11C , R 11C.1 , R 11C.2 , and R 11C.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 11C , R 11C.1 , R 11C.2 , and R 11C.3 , respectively. [0554] In embodiments, when R 11D is substituted, R 11D is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 11D.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 11D.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 11D.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 11D.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 11D.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 11D.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 11D.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 11D , R 11D.1 , R 11D.2 , and R 11D.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 11D , R 11D.1 , R 11D.2 , and R 11D.3 , respectively. [0555] In embodiments, when R 12 is substituted, R 12 is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 12.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 12.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 12.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 12.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 12.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 12.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 12.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 12 , R 12.1 , R 12.2 , and R 12.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 12 , R 12.1 , R 12.2 , and R 12.3 , respectively. [0556] In embodiments, when R 12A is substituted, R 12A is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 12A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 12A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 12A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 12A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 12A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 12A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 12A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 12A , R 12A.1 , R 12A.2 , and R 12A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 12A , R 12A.1 , R 12A.2 , and R 12A.3 , respectively. [0557] In embodiments, when R 12B is substituted, R 12B is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 12B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 12B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 12B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 12B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 12B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 12B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 12B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 12B , R 12B.1 , R 12B.2 , and R 12B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 12B , R 12B.1 , R 12B.2 , and R 12B.3 , respectively. [0558] In embodiments, when R 12A and R 12B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 12A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 12A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 12A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 12A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 12A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 12A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 12A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 12A.1 , R 12A.2 , and R 12A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 12A.1 , R 12A.2 , and R 12A.3 , respectively. [0559] In embodiments, when R 12A and R 12B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 12B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 12B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 12B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 12B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 12B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 12B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 12B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 12B.1 , R 12B.2 , and R 12B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 12B.1 , R 12B.2 , and R 12B.3 , respectively. [0560] In embodiments, when R 12C is substituted, R 12C is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 12C.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 12C.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 12C.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 12C.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 12C.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 12C.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 12C.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 12C , R 12C.1 , R 12C.2 , and R 12C.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 12C , R 12C.1 , R 12C.2 , and R 12C.3 , respectively. [0561] In embodiments, when R 12D is substituted, R 12D is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 12D.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 12D.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 12D.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 12D.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 12D.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 12D.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 12D.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 12D , R 12D.1 , R 12D.2 , and R 12D.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 12D , R 12D.1 , R 12D.2 , and R 12D.3 , respectively. [0562] In embodiments, when R 13 is substituted, R 13 is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 13.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 13.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 13.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 13.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 13.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 13.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 13.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 13 , R 13.1 , R 13.2 , and R 13.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 13 , R 13.1 , R 13.2 , and R 13.3 , respectively. [0563] In embodiments, when R 13A is substituted, R 13A is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 13A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 13A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 13A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 13A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 13A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 13A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 13A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 13A , R 13A.1 , R 13A.2 , and R 13A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 13A , R 13A.1 , R 13A.2 , and R 13A.3 , respectively. [0564] In embodiments, when R 13B is substituted, R 13B is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 13B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 13B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 13B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 13B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 13B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 13B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 13B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 13B , R 13B.1 , R 13B.2 , and R 13B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 13B , R 13B.1 , R 13B.2 , and R 13B.3 , respectively. [0565] In embodiments, when R 13A and R 13B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 13A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 13A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 13A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 13A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 13A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 13A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 13A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 13A.1 , R 13A.2 , and R 13A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 13A.1 , R 13A.2 , and R 13A.3 , respectively. [0566] In embodiments, when R 13A and R 13B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 13B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 13B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 13B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 13B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 13B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 13B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 13B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 13B.1 , R 13B.2 , and R 13B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 13B.1 , R 13B.2 , and R 13B.3 , respectively. [0567] In embodiments, when R 13C is substituted, R 13C is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 13C.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 13C.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 13C.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 13C.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 13C.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 13C.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 13C.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 13C , R 13C.1 , R 13C.2 , and R 13C.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 13C , R 13C.1 , R 13C.2 , and R 13C.3 , respectively. [0568] In embodiments, when R 13D is substituted, R 13D is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 13D.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 13D.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 13D.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 13D.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 13D.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 13D.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 13D.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 13D , R 13D.1 , R 13D.2 , and R 13D.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 13D , R 13D.1 , R 13D.2 , and R 13D.3 , respectively. [0569] In embodiments, when R 14 is substituted, R 14 is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 14.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 14.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 14.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 14.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 14.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 14.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 14.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 14 , R 14.1 , R 14.2 , and R 14.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 14 , R 14.1 , R 14.2 , and R 14.3 , respectively. [0570] In embodiments, when R 14A is substituted, R 14A is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 14A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 14A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 14A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 14A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 14A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 14A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 14A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 14A , R 14A.1 , R 14A.2 , and R 14A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 14A , R 14A.1 , R 14A.2 , and R 14A.3 , respectively. [0571] In embodiments, when R 14B is substituted, R 14B is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 14B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 14B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 14B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 14B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 14B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 14B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 14B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 14B , R 14B.1 , R 14B.2 , and R 14B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 14B , R 14B.1 , R 14B.2 , and R 14B.3 , respectively. [0572] In embodiments, when R 14A and R 14B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 14A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 14A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 14A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 14A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 14A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 14A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 14A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 14A.1 , R 14A.2 , and R 14A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 14A.1 , R 14A.2 , and R 14A.3 , respectively. [0573] In embodiments, when R 14A and R 14B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 14B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 14B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 14B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 14B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 14B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 14B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 14B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 14B.1 , R 14B.2 , and R 14B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 14B.1 , R 14B.2 , and R 14B.3 , respectively. [0574] In embodiments, when R 14C is substituted, R 14C is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 14C.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 14C.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 14C.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 14C.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 14C.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 14C.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 14C.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 14C , R 14C.1 , R 14C.2 , and R 14C.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 14C , R 14C.1 , R 14C.2 , and R 14C.3 , respectively. [0575] In embodiments, when R 14D is substituted, R 14D is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 14D.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 14D.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 14D.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 14D.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 14D.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 14D.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 14D.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 14D , R 14D.1 , R 14D.2 , and R 14D.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 14D , R 14D.1 , R 14D.2 , and R 14D.3 , respectively. [0576] In embodiments, when R 15 is substituted, R 15 is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 15.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 15.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 15.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 15.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 15.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 15.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 15.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 15 , R 15.1 , R 15.2 , and R 15.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 15 , R 15.1 , R 15.2 , and R 15.3 , respectively. [0577] In embodiments, when R 15A is substituted, R 15A is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 15A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 15A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 15A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 15A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 15A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 15A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 15A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 15A , R 15A.1 , R 15A.2 , and R 15A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 15A , R 15A.1 , R 15A.2 , and R 15A.3 , respectively. [0578] In embodiments, when R 15B is substituted, R 15B is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 15B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 15B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 15B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 15B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 15B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 15B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 15B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 15B , R 15B.1 , R 15B.2 , and R 15B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 15B , R 15B.1 , R 15B.2 , and R 15B.3 , respectively. [0579] In embodiments, when R 15A and R 15B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 15A.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 15A.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 15A.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 15A.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 15A.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 15A.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 15A.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 15A.1 , R 15A.2 , and R 15A.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 15A.1 , R 15A.2 , and R 15A.3 , respectively. [0580] In embodiments, when R 15A and R 15B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 15B.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 15B.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 15B.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 15B.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 15B.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 15B.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 15B.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 15B.1 , R 15B.2 , and R 15B.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 15B.1 , R 15B.2 , and R 15B.3 , respectively. [0581] In embodiments, when R 15C is substituted, R 15C is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 15C.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 15C.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 15C.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 15C.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 15C.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 15C.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 15C.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 15C , R 15C.1 , R 15C.2 , and R 15C.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 15C , R 15C.1 , R 15C.2 , and R 15C.3 , respectively. [0582] In embodiments, when R 15D is substituted, R 15D is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 15D.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 15D.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 15D.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 15D.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 15D.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 15D.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 15D.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 15D , R 15D.1 , R 15D.2 , and R 15D.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW , R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW , R WW.3 correspond to R 15D , R 15D.1 , R 15D.2 , and R 15D.3 , respectively. [0583] In embodiments, when R 1 and R 2 substituents are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 1.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 1.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 1.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 1.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 1.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 1.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 1.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 1.1 , R 1.2 , and R 1.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 1.1 , R 1.2 , and R 1.3 , respectively. [0584] In embodiments, when R 1 and R 2 substituents are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 2.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 2.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 2.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 2.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 2.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 2.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 2.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 2.1 , R 2.2 , and R 2.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 2.1 , R 2.2 , and R 2.3 , respectively. [0585] In embodiments, when R 2 and R 3 substituents are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 2.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 2.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 2.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 2.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 2.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 2.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 2.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 2.1 , R 2.2 , and R 2.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 2.1 , R 2.2 , and R 2.3 , respectively. [0586] In embodiments, when R 2 and R 3 substituents are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 3.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 3.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 3.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 3.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 3.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 3.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 3.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 3.1 , R 3.2 , and R 3.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 3.1 , R 3.2 , and R 3.3 , respectively. [0587] In embodiments, when R 3 and R 4 substituents are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 3.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 3.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 3.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 3.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 3.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 3.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 3.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 3.1 , R 3.2 , and R 3.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 3.1 , R 3.2 , and R 3.3 , respectively. [0588] In embodiments, when R 3 and R 4 substituents are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 4.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 4.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 4.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 4.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 4.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 4.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 4.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 4.1 , R 4.2 , and R 4.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 4.1 , R 4.2 , and R 4.3 , respectively. [0589] In embodiments, when R 4 and R 5 substituents are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 4.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 4.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 4.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 4.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 4.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 4.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 4.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 4.1 , R 4.2 , and R 4.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 4.1 , R 4.2 , and R 4.3 , respectively. [0590] In embodiments, when R 4 and R 5 substituents are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 5.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 5.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 5.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 5.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 5.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 5.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 5.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 5.1 , R 5.2 , and R 5.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 5.1 , R 5.2 , and R 5.3 , respectively. [0591] In embodiments, when R 6 and R 7 substituents are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 6.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 6.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 6.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 6.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 6.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 6.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 6.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 6.1 , R 6.2 , and R 6.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 6.1 , R 6.2 , and R 6.3 , respectively. [0592] In embodiments, when R 6 and R 7 substituents are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 7.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 7.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 7.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 7.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 7.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 7.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 7.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 7.1 , R 7.2 , and R 7.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 7.1 , R 7.2 , and R 7.3 , respectively. [0593] In embodiments, when R 7 and R 8 substituents are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 7.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 7.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 7.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 7.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 7.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 7.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 7.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 7.1 , R 7.2 , and R 7.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 7.1 , R 7.2 , and R 7.3 , respectively. [0594] In embodiments, when R 7 and R 8 substituents are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 8.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 8.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 8.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 8.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 8.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 8.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 8.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 8.1 , R 8.2 , and R 8.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 8.1 , R 8.2 , and R 8.3 , respectively. [0595] In embodiments, when R 8 and R 9 substituents are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 8.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 8.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 8.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 8.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 8.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 8.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 8.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 8.1 , R 8.2 , and R 8.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 8.1 , R 8.2 , and R 8.3 , respectively. [0596] In embodiments, when R 8 and R 9 substituents are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 9.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 9.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 9.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 9.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 9.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 9.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 9.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 9.1 , R 9.2 , and R 9.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 9.1 , R 9.2 , and R 9.3 , respectively. [0597] In embodiments, when R 9 and R 10 substituents are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 9.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 9.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 9.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 9.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 9.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 9.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 9.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 9.1 , R 9.2 , and R 9.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 9.1 , R 9.2 , and R 9.3 , respectively. [0598] In embodiments, when R 9 and R 10 substituents are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 10.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 10.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 10.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 10.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 10.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 10.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 10.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 10.1 , R 10.2 , and R 10.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 10.1 , R 10.2 , and R 10.3 , respectively. [0599] In embodiments, when R 11 and R 12 substituents are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 11.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 11.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 11.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 11.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 11.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 11.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 11.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 11.1 , R 11.2 , and R 11.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 11.1 , R 11.2 , and R 11.3 , respectively. [0600] In embodiments, when R 11 and R 12 substituents are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 12.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 12.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 12.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 12.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 12.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 12.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 12.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 12.1 , R 12.2 , and R 12.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 12.1 , R 12.2 , and R 12.3 , respectively. [0601] In embodiments, when R 12 and R 13 substituents are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 12.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 12.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 12.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 12.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 12.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 12.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 12.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 12.1 , R 12.2 , and R 12.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 12.1 , R 12.2 , and R 12.3 , respectively. [0602] In embodiments, when R 12 and R 13 substituents are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 13.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 13.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 13.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 13.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 13.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 13.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 13.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 13.1 , R 13.2 , and R 13.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 13.1 , R 13.2 , and R 13.3 , respectively. [0603] In embodiments, when R 13 and R 14 substituents are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 13.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 13.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 13.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 13.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 13.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 13.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 13.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 13.1 , R 13.2 , and R 13.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 13.1 , R 13.2 , and R 13.3 , respectively. [0604] In embodiments, when R 13 and R 14 substituents are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 14.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 14.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 14.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 14.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 14.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 14.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 14.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 14.1 , R 14.2 , and R 14.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 14.1 , R 14.2 , and R 14.3 , respectively. [0605] In embodiments, when R 14 and R 15 substituents are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 14.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 14.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 14.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 14.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 14.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 14.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 14.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 14.1 , R 14.2 , and R 14.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 14.1 , R 14.2 , and R 14.3 , respectively. [0606] In embodiments, when R 14 and R 15 substituents are optionally joined to form a moiety that is substituted (e.g., a substituted cycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted aryl, or substituted heteroaryl), the moiety is substituted with one or more first substituent groups denoted by R 15.1 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 15.1 substituent group is substituted, the R 15.1 substituent group is substituted with one or more second substituent groups denoted by R 15.2 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In embodiments, when an R 15.2 substituent group is substituted, the R 15.2 substituent group is substituted with one or more third substituent groups denoted by R 15.3 as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”. In the above embodiments, R 15.1 , R 15.2 , and R 15.3 have values corresponding to the values of R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 , respectively, as explained in the definitions section above in the description of “first substituent group(s)”, wherein R WW.1 , R WW.2 , and R WW.3 correspond to R 15.1 , R 15.2 , and R 15.3 , respectively. [0607] In embodiments, the compound is [0608] In embodiments, the compound is [0609] In embodiments, the compound is
[0610] In embodiments, the compound is [0611] In embodiments, the compound is [0612] In embodiments, the compound is a compound described herein. [0613] In embodiments, the compound is a compound described herein (e.g., in an aspect, embodiment, example, table, figure, or claim). [0614] In embodiments, the compound is useful as a comparator compound. In embodiments, the comparator compound can be used to assess the activity of a test compound in an assay (e.g., an assay as described herein, for example in the examples section, figures, or tables). [0615] In embodiments, R 1 is not –OCH 3 . In embodiments, R 4 is not –OCH 3 . In embodiments, R 6 is not –OCH 3 . In embodiments, R 9 is not –OCH 3 . In embodiments, R 11 is not –OCH 3 . In embodiments, R 14 is not –OCH 3 . [0616] In embodiments, when R 1 is –OH, R 4 is not –OH. In embodiments, when R 1 is –OH, R 4 is not –OCH 3 . In embodiments, when R 6 is –OH, R 9 is not –OH. In embodiments, when R 6 is –OH, R 9 is not –OCH 3 . In embodiments, when R 11 is –OH, R 14 is not –OH. In embodiments, when R 11 is –OH, R 14 is not –OCH 3 . [0617] In embodiments, when R 1 , R 2 , R 4 , and R 5 are each independently hydrogen, R 3 is not halogen. In embodiments, when R 1 , R 2 , R 4 , and R 5 are each independently hydrogen, R 3 is not -Cl. In embodiments, when R 6 , R 7 , R 9 , and R 10 are each independently hydrogen, R 8 is not halogen. In embodiments, when R 6 , R 7 , R 9 , and R 10 are each independently hydrogen, R 8 is not -Cl. In embodiments, when R 11 , R 12 , R 14 , and R 15 are each independently hydrogen, R 13 is not halogen. In embodiments, when R 11 , R 12 , R 14 , and R 15 are each independently hydrogen, R 13 is not -Cl. [0618] In embodiments, the compound is not [0619] In embodiments, the compound is not [0620] In embodiments, the compound is not III. Pharmaceutical compositions [0621] In an aspect is provided a pharmaceutical composition including a compound described herein and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. [0622] In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition includes an effective amount of the compound. In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition includes a therapeutically effective amount of the compound. In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition includes a second agent. In embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition includes a therapeutically effective amount of a second agent. In embodiments, the second agent is an anti-cancer agent. In embodiments, the second agent is an anti-metabolic disease agent. In embodiments, the second agent is an anti-diabetic agent. In embodiments, the second agent is an anti-aging agent. In embodiments, the second agent is a longevity agent. IV. Methods of use [0623] In an aspect is provided a method of treating a disease associated with a high level of IGF2BP2 in a subject in need thereof, the method including administering to the subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound described herein. In embodiments, the disease associated with a high level of IGF2BP2 is a cancer. In embodiments, the disease associated with a high level of IGF2BP2 is a metabolic disease. In embodiments, the disease associated with a high level of IGF2BP2 is aging. [0624] In an aspect is provided a method of treating a cancer in a subject in need thereof, the method including administering to the subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound described herein. [0625] In embodiments, the cancer is acute myeloid leukemia, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, esophageal adenocarcinoma, endometrial adenocarcinoma, liposarcoma, glioma, glioblastoma, or gallbladder cancer. In embodiments, the cancer is acute myeloid leukemia. In embodiments, the cancer is colorectal cancer. In embodiments, the cancer is liver cancer. In embodiments, the cancer is breast cancer. In embodiments, the cancer is lung cancer. In embodiments, the cancer is ovarian cancer. In embodiments, the cancer is pancreatic cancer. In embodiments, the cancer is esophageal adenocarcinoma. In embodiments, the cancer is endometrial adenocarcinoma. In embodiments, the cancer is liposarcoma. In embodiments, the cancer is glioma. In embodiments, the cancer is glioblastoma. In embodiments, the cancer is gallbladder cancer. In embodiments, the cancer is triple negative breast cancer. In embodiments, the cancer is non-small cell lung cancer. In embodiments, the cancer is hepatocellular carcinoma. In embodiments, the cancer is neuroblastoma, glioma, glioblastoma multiforme, rhabdomyosarcoma, primary thrombocytosis, primary macroglobulinemia, or primary brain tumors. [0626] In embodiments, the method further includes co-administering a second agent to the subject in need thereof. In embodiments, the second agent is an anti-cancer agent. In embodiments, the anti-cancer agent is cytarabine, decitabine, all-trans retinoic acid, 5- fluorouracil (5-FU), 5-azacytidine (5-Aza), cisplatin, carboplatin, oxaliplatin, irinotecan, topotecan, paclitaxel, gemcitabine, or capecitabine. [0627] In an aspect is provided a method of treating a metabolic disorder in a subject in need thereof, the method including administering to the subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound described herein. In embodiments, the metabolic disorder is diabetes. In embodiments, the metabolic disorder is type 1 diabetes (T1D). In embodiments, the metabolic disorder is type 2 diabetes (T2D). In embodiments, the metabolic disorder is obesity. [0628] In an aspect is provided a method of treating aging in a subject in need thereof, the method including administering to the subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound described herein. [0629] In an aspect is provided a method of modulating (e.g., decreasing) the level of activity of IGF2BP2 in a subject in need thereof, the method including administering to the subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound described herein. In embodiments, the method includes administering to the subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound described herein. In embodiments, the method of modulating is a method of decreasing the level of activity of IGF2BP2 in a subject in need thereof. [0630] In an aspect is provided a method of decreasing the level of activity of IGF2BP2 in a cell, the method including contacting the cell with a compound described herein. [0631] In an aspect is provided a method of treating a disease associated with a high level of IGF2BP2 in a subject in need thereof, the method including: i) determining the level of IGF2BP2 in the subject in need thereof; and ii) administering to the subject in need thereof an IGF2BP2 inhibitor, wherein the IGF2BP2 inhibitor decreases IGF2BP2 binding to RNA N 6 - methyladenosine (m 6 A). In embodiments, the IGF2BP2 inhibitor is a compound described herein. [0632] In embodiments, the level of IGF2BP2 in the subject in need thereof is determined by flow cytometry, semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), western blot, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), mass spectrometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), tissue asrrays, histochemistry, or immunohistochemistry. [0633] It is understood that the examples and embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and that various modifications or changes in light thereof will be suggested to persons skilled in the art and are to be included within the spirit and purview of this application and scope of the appended claims. All publications, patents, and patent applications cited herein are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety for all purposes. V. Embodiments [0634] Embodiment P1. A method of treating a disease associated with a high level of IGF2BP2 in a subject in need thereof, said method comprising administering to the subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound having the formula
wherein Ring A is a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; is a single bond or a double bond; R 1 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 1 3 , -CHX 1 2 , -CH 2 X 1 , -OCX 1 3 , -OCH 2 X 1 , -OCHX 1 2, -CN, -SOn1R 1D , -SOv1NR 1A R 1B , -NHC(O)NR 1A R 1B , -NR 1C NR 1A R 1B , -ONR 1A R 1B , -NHC(O)NR 1C NR 1A R 1B , -N(O) m1 , -NR 1A R 1B , -C(O)R 1C , -C(O)OR 1C , -C(O)NR 1A R 1B , -OR 1D , -NR 1A SO 2 R 1D , -NR 1A C(O)R 1C , -NR 1A C(O)OR 1C , -NR 1A OR 1C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 2 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 2 3, -CHX 2 2, -CH 2 X 2 , -OCX 2 3, -OCH 2 X 2 , -OCHX 2 2 , -CN, -SO n2 R 2D , -SO v2 NR 2A R 2B , -NHC(O)NR 2A R 2B , -NR 2C NR 2A R 2B , -ONR 2A R 2B , -NHC(O)NR 2C NR 2A R 2B , -N(O)m2, -NR 2A R 2B , -C(O)R 2C , -C(O)OR 2C , -C(O)NR 2A R 2B , -OR 2D , -NR 2A SO 2 R 2D , -NR 2A C(O)R 2C , -NR 2A C(O)OR 2C , -NR 2A OR 2C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 3 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 3 3, -CHX 3 2, -CH 2 X 3 , -OCX 3 3, -OCH 2 X 3 , -OCHX 3 2 , -CN, -SO n3 R 3D , -SO v3 NR 3A R 3B , -NHC(O)NR 3A R 3B , -NR 3C NR 3A R 3B , -ONR 3A R 3B , -NHC(O)NR 3C NR 3A R 3B , -N(O)m3, -NR 3A R 3B , -C(O)R 3C , -C(O)OR 3C , -C(O)NR 3A R 3B , -OR 3D , -NR 3A SO 2 R 3D , -NR 3A C(O)R 3C , -NR 3A C(O)OR 3C , -NR 3A OR 3C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 4 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 4 3 , -CHX 4 2 , -CH 2 X 4 , -OCX 4 3 , -OCH 2 X 4 , -OCHX 4 2, -CN, -SOn4R 4D , -SOv4NR 4A R 4B , -NHC(O)NR 4A R 4B , -NR 4C NR 4A R 4B , -ONR 4A R 4B , -NHC(O)NR 4C NR 4A R 4B , -N(O)m4, -NR 4A R 4B , -C(O)R 4C , -C(O)OR 4C , -C(O)NR 4A R 4B , -OR 4D , -NR 4A SO 2 R 4D , -NR 4A C(O)R 4C , -NR 4A C(O)OR 4C , -NR 4A OR 4C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 5 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 5 3, -CHX 5 2, -CH 2 X 5 , -OCX 5 3, -OCH 2 X 5 , -OCHX 5 2 , -CN, -SO n5 R 5D , -SO v5 NR 5A R 5B , -NHC(O)NR 5A R 5B , -NR 5C NR 5A R 5B , -ONR 5A R 5B , -NHC(O)NR 5C NR 5A R 5B , -N(O) m5 , -NR 5A R 5B , -C(O)R 5C , -C(O)OR 5C , -C(O)NR 5A R 5B , -OR 5D , -NR 5A SO 2 R 5D , -NR 5A C(O)R 5C , -NR 5A C(O)OR 5C , -NR 5A OR 5C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 6 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 6 3 , -CHX 6 2 , -CH 2 X 6 , -OCX 6 3 , -OCH 2 X 6 , -OCHX 6 2, -CN, -SOn6R 6D , -SOv6NR 6A R 6B , -NHC(O)NR 6A R 6B , -NR 6C NR 6A R 6B , -ONR 6A R 6B , -NHC(O)NR 6C NR 6A R 6B , -N(O)m6, -NR 6A R 6B , -C(O)R 6C , -C(O)OR 6C , -C(O)NR 6A R 6B , -OR 6D , -NR 6A SO 2 R 6D , -NR 6A C(O)R 6C , -NR 6A C(O)OR 6C , -NR 6A OR 6C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 7 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 7 3, -CHX 7 2, -CH 2 X 7 , -OCX 7 3, -OCH 2 X 7 , -OCHX 7 2 , -CN, -SO n7 R 7D , -SO v7 NR 7A R 7B , -NHC(O)NR 7A R 7B , -NR 7C NR 7A R 7B , -ONR 7A R 7B , -NHC(O)NR 7C NR 7A R 7B , -N(O)m7, -NR 7A R 7B , -C(O)R 7C , -C(O)OR 7C , -C(O)NR 7A R 7B , -OR 7D , -NR 7A SO 2 R 7D , -NR 7A C(O)R 7C , -NR 7A C(O)OR 7C , -NR 7A OR 7C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 8 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 8 3 , -CHX 8 2 , -CH 2 X 8 , -OCX 8 3 , -OCH 2 X 8 , -OCHX 8 2, -CN, -SOn8R 8D , -SOv8NR 8A R 8B , -NHC(O)NR 8A R 8B , -NR 8C NR 8A R 8B , -ONR 8A R 8B , -NHC(O)NR 8C NR 8A R 8B , -N(O)m8, -NR 8A R 8B , -C(O)R 8C , -C(O)OR 8C , -C(O)NR 8A R 8B , -OR 8D , -NR 8A SO 2 R 8D , -NR 8A C(O)R 8C , -NR 8A C(O)OR 8C , -NR 8A OR 8C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 9 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 9 3, -CHX 9 2, -CH 2 X 9 , -OCX 9 3, -OCH 2 X 9 , -OCHX 9 2 , -CN, -SO n9 R 9D , -SO v9 NR 9A R 9B , -NHC(O)NR 9A R 9B , -NR 9C NR 9A R 9B , -ONR 9A R 9B , -NHC(O)NR 9C NR 9A R 9B , -N(O)m9, -NR 9A R 9B , -C(O)R 9C , -C(O)OR 9C , -C(O)NR 9A R 9B , -OR 9D , -NR 9A SO 2 R 9D , -NR 9A C(O)R 9C , -NR 9A C(O)OR 9C , -NR 9A OR 9C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 10 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 10 3 , -CHX 10 2 , -CH 2 X 10 , -OCX 10 3 , -OCH 2 X 10 , -OCHX 10 2, -CN, -SOn10R 10D , -SOv10NR 10A R 10B , -NHC(O)NR 10A R 10B , -NR 10C NR 10A R 10B , -ONR 10A R 10B , -NHC(O)NR 10C NR 10A R 10B , -N(O) m10 , -NR 10A R 10B , -C(O)R 10C , -C(O)OR 10C , -C(O)NR 10A R 10B , -OR 10D , -NR 10A SO 2 R 10D , -NR 10A C(O)R 10C , -NR 10A C(O)OR 10C , -NR 10A OR 10C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 11 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 11 3, -CHX 11 2, -CH 2 X 11 , -OCX 11 3, -OCH 2 X 11 , -OCHX 11 2 , -CN, -SO n11 R 11D , -SO v11 NR 11A R 11B , -NHC(O)NR 11A R 11B , -NR 11C NR 11A R 11B , -ONR 11A R 11B , -NHC(O)NR 11C NR 11A R 11B , -N(O)m11, -NR 11A R 11B , -C(O)R 11C , -C(O)OR 11C , -C(O)NR 11A R 11B , -OR 11D , -NR 11A SO 2 R 11D , -NR 11A C(O)R 11C , -NR 11A C(O)OR 11C , -NR 11A OR 11C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 12 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 12 3 , -CHX 12 2 , -CH 2 X 12 , -OCX 12 3 , -OCH 2 X 12 , -OCHX 12 2, -CN, -SOn12R 12D , -SOv12NR 12A R 12B , -NHC(O)NR 12A R 12B , -NR 12C NR 12A R 12B , -ONR 12A R 12B , -NHC(O)NR 12C NR 12A R 12B , -N(O) m12 , -NR 12A R 12B , -C(O)R 12C , -C(O)OR 12C , -C(O)NR 12A R 12B , -OR 12D , -NR 12A SO 2 R 12D , -NR 12A C(O)R 12C , -NR 12A C(O)OR 12C , -NR 12A OR 12C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 13 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 13 3, -CHX 13 2, -CH 2 X 13 , -OCX 13 3, -OCH 2 X 13 , -OCHX 13 2, -CN, -SOn13R 13D , -SOv13NR 13A R 13B , -NHC(O)NR 13A R 13B , -NR 13C NR 13A R 13B , -ONR 13A R 13B , -NHC(O)NR 13C NR 13A R 13B , -N(O)m13, -NR 13A R 13B , -C(O)R 13C , -C(O)OR 13C , -C(O)NR 13A R 13B , -OR 13D , -NR 13A SO 2 R 13D , -NR 13A C(O)R 13C , -NR 13A C(O)OR 13C , -NR 13A OR 13C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 14 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 14 3, -CHX 14 2, -CH 2 X 14 , -OCX 14 3, -OCH 2 X 14 , -OCHX 14 2 , -CN, -SO n14 R 14D , -SO v14 NR 14A R 14B , -NHC(O)NR 14A R 14B , -NR 14C NR 14A R 14B , -ONR 14A R 14B , -NHC(O)NR 14C NR 14A R 14B , -N(O)m14, -NR 14A R 14B , -C(O)R 14C , -C(O)OR 14C , -C(O)NR 14A R 14B , -OR 14D , -NR 14A SO 2 R 14D , -NR 14A C(O)R 14C , -NR 14A C(O)OR 14C , -NR 14A OR 14C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 15 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 15 3 , -CHX 15 2 , -CH 2 X 15 , -OCX 15 3 , -OCH 2 X 15 , -OCHX 15 2, -CN, -SOn15R 15D , -SOv15NR 15A R 15B , -NHC(O)NR 15A R 15B , -NR 15C NR 15A R 15B , -ONR 15A R 15B , -NHC(O)NR 15C NR 15A R 15B , -N(O) m15 , -NR 15A R 15B , -C(O)R 15C , -C(O)OR 15C , -C(O)NR 15A R 15B , -OR 15D , -NR 15A SO 2 R 15D , -NR 15A C(O)R 15C , -NR 15A C(O)OR 15C , -NR 15A OR 15C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 1 and R 2 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 2 and R 3 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 3 and R 4 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 4 and R 5 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 6 and R 7 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 7 and R 8 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 8 and R 9 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 9 and R 10 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 11 and R 12 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 12 and R 13 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 13 and R 14 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 14 and R 15 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 1A , R 1B , R 1C , R 1D , R 2A , R 2B , R 2C , R 2D , R 3A , R 3B , R 3C , R 3D , R 4A , R 4B , R 4C , R 4D , R 5A , R 5B , R 5C , R 5D , R 6A , R 6B , R 6C , R 6D , R 7A , R 7B , R 7C , R 7D , R 8A , R 8B , R 8C , R 8D , R 9A , R 9B , R 9C , R 9D , R 10A , R 10B , R 10C , R 10D , R 11A , R 11B , R 11C , R 11D , R 12A , R 12B , R 12C , R 12D , R 13A , R 13B , R 13C , R 13D , R 14A , R 14B , R 14C , R 14D , R 15A , R 15B , R 15C , and R 15D are independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl 3 , -OCBr 3 , -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF 2 , -OCHI 2 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 1A and R 1B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 2A and R 2B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 3A and R 3B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 4A and R 4B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 5A and R 5B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 6A and R 6B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 7A and R 7B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 8A and R 8B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 9A and R 9B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 10A and R 10B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 11A and R 11B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 12A and R 12B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 13A and R 13B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 14A and R 14B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 15A and R 15B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; n1, n2, n3, n4, n5, n6, n7, n8, n9, n10, n11, n12, n13, n14, and n15 are independently an integer from 0 to 4; m1, m2, m3, m4, m5, m6, m7, m8, m9, m10, m11, m12, m13, m14, m15, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, and v15 are independently 1 or 2; and X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 , X 5 , X 6 , X 7 , X 8 , X 9 , X 10 , X 11 , X 12 , X 13 , X 14 , and X 15 are independently –F, -Cl, -Br, or –I. [0635] Embodiment P2. The method of embodiment P1, wherein the compound has the formula [0636] Embodiment P3. The method of embodiment P2, wherein R 1 is independently –OR 1D ; R 6 is independently –OR 6D ; R 11 is independently –OR 11D ; and R 4 , R 9 , and R 14 are each independently halogen. [0637] Embodiment P4. The method of embodiment P2, wherein R 1 , R 6 , and R 11 are each independently –OH; and R 4 , R 9 , and R 14 are each independently -Cl. [0638] Embodiment P5. The method of embodiment P1, wherein the compound has the formula [0639] Embodiment P6. The method of embodiment P5, wherein R 1 is independently –OR 1D ; R 6 is independently –OR 6D ; and R 4 and R 9 are each independently halogen. [0640] Embodiment P7. The method of embodiment P5, wherein R 1 and R 6 are each independently –OH; and R 4 and R 9 are each independently -Cl. [0641] Embodiment P8. The method of one of embodiments P1 to P7, wherein the disease associated with a high level of IGF2BP2 is a cancer. [0642] Embodiment P9. The method of embodiment P8, wherein the cancer is acute myeloid leukemia, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, esophageal adenocarcinoma, endometrial adenocarcinoma, liposarcoma, glioma, glioblastoma, or gallbladder cancer. [0643] Embodiment P10. A compound having the formula wherein R 1 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 1 3 , -CHX 1 2 , -CH 2 X 1 , -OCX 1 3 , -OCH 2 X 1 , -OCHX 1 2 , -CN, -SO n1 R 1D , -SO v1 NR 1A R 1B , -NHC(O)NR 1A R 1B , -NR 1C NR 1A R 1B , -ONR 1A R 1B , -NHC(O)NR 1C NR 1A R 1B , -N(O) m1 , -NR 1A R 1B , -C(O)R 1C , -C(O)OR 1C , -C(O)NR 1A R 1B , -OR 1D , -NR 1A SO 2 R 1D , -NR 1A C(O)R 1C , -NR 1A C(O)OR 1C , -NR 1A OR 1C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 4 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 4 3, -CHX 4 2, -CH 2 X 4 , -OCX 4 3, -OCH 2 X 4 , -OCHX 4 2, -CN, -SOn4R 4D , -SOv4NR 4A R 4B , -NHC(O)NR 4A R 4B , -NR 4C NR 4A R 4B , -ONR 4A R 4B , -NHC(O)NR 4C NR 4A R 4B , -N(O)m4, -NR 4A R 4B , -C(O)R 4C , -C(O)OR 4C , -C(O)NR 4A R 4B , -OR 4D , -NR 4A SO 2 R 4D , -NR 4A C(O)R 4C , -NR 4A C(O)OR 4C , -NR 4A OR 4C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 6 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 6 3 , -CHX 6 2 , -CH 2 X 6 , -OCX 6 3 , -OCH 2 X 6 , -OCHX 6 2, -CN, -SOn6R 6D , -SOv6NR 6A R 6B , -NHC(O)NR 6A R 6B , -NR 6C NR 6A R 6B , -ONR 6A R 6B , -NHC(O)NR 6C NR 6A R 6B , -N(O) m6 , -NR 6A R 6B , -C(O)R 6C , -C(O)OR 6C , -C(O)NR 6A R 6B , -OR 6D , -NR 6A SO 2 R 6D , -NR 6A C(O)R 6C , -NR 6A C(O)OR 6C , -NR 6A OR 6C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 9 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 9 3, -CHX 9 2, -CH 2 X 9 , -OCX 9 3, -OCH 2 X 9 , -OCHX 9 2 , -CN, -SO n9 R 9D , -SO v9 NR 9A R 9B , -NHC(O)NR 9A R 9B , -NR 9C NR 9A R 9B , -ONR 9A R 9B , -NHC(O)NR 9C NR 9A R 9B , -N(O)m9, -NR 9A R 9B , -C(O)R 9C , -C(O)OR 9C , -C(O)NR 9A R 9B , -OR 9D , -NR 9A SO 2 R 9D , -NR 9A C(O)R 9C , -NR 9A C(O)OR 9C , -NR 9A OR 9C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 11 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 11 3 , -CHX 11 2 , -CH 2 X 11 , -OCX 11 3 , -OCH 2 X 11 , -OCHX 11 2, -CN, -SOn11R 11D , -SOv11NR 11A R 11B , -NHC(O)NR 11A R 11B , -NR 11C NR 11A R 11B , -ONR 11A R 11B , -NHC(O)NR 11C NR 11A R 11B , -N(O) m11 , -NR 11A R 11B , -C(O)R 11C , -C(O)OR 11C , -C(O)NR 11A R 11B , -OR 11D , -NR 11A SO 2 R 11D , -NR 11A C(O)R 11C , -NR 11A C(O)OR 11C , -NR 11A OR 11C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 14 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 14 3, -CHX 14 2, -CH 2 X 14 , -OCX 14 3, -OCH 2 X 14 , -OCHX 14 2 , -CN, -SO n14 R 14D , -SO v14 NR 14A R 14B , -NHC(O)NR 14A R 14B , -NR 14C NR 14A R 14B , -ONR 14A R 14B , -NHC(O)NR 14C NR 14A R 14B , -N(O)m14, -NR 14A R 14B , -C(O)R 14C , -C(O)OR 14C , -C(O)NR 14A R 14B , -OR 14D , -NR 14A SO 2 R 14D , -NR 14A C(O)R 14C , -NR 14A C(O)OR 14C , -NR 14A OR 14C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 1A , R 1B , R 1C , R 1D , R 4A , R 4B , R 4C , R 4D , R 6A , R 6B , R 6C , R 6D , R 9A , R 9B , R 9C , R 9D , R 11A , R 11B , R 11C , R 11D , R 14A , R 14B , R 14C , and R 14D are independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr 3 , -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 1A and R 1B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 4A and R 4B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 6A and R 6B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 9A and R 9B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 11A and R 11B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 14A and R 14B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; n1, n4, n6, n9, n11, and n14 are independently an integer from 0 to 4; m1, m4, m6, m9, m11, m14, v1, v4, v6, v9, v11, and v14 are independently 1 or 2; and X 1 , X 4 , X 6 , X 9 , X 11 , and X 14 are independently –F, -Cl, -Br, or –I; wherein the compound is not . [0644] Embodiment P11. The compound of embodiment P10, having the formula (IIIa). [0645] Embodiment P12. The compound of embodiment P11, wherein R 1 is independently –OR 1D ; R 6 is independently –OR 6D ; R 11 is independently –OR 11D ; and R 4 , R 9 , and R 14 are each independently -Cl. [0646] Embodiment P13. The compound of embodiment P11, wherein R 1 , R 6 , and R 11 are each independently –OH; and R 4 , R 9 , and R 14 are each independently -Cl. [0647] Embodiment P14. The compound of embodiment P10, having the formula [0648] Embodiment P15. The compound of embodiment P14, wherein R 1 is independently –OR 1D ; R 6 is independently –OR 6D ; and R 4 and R 9 are each independently halogen. [0649] Embodiment P16. The compound of embodiment P14, wherein R 1 and R 6 are each independently –OH; and R 4 and R 9 are each independently -Cl. [0650] Embodiment P17. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of one of embodiments P10 to P16 and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. [0651] Embodiment P18. A method of modulating the level of activity of IGF2BP2 in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising administering to the subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound, wherein the compound has the formula
wherein Ring A is a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; is a single bond or a double bond; R 1 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 1 3 , -CHX 1 2 , -CH 2 X 1 , -OCX 1 3 , -OCH 2 X 1 , -OCHX 1 2, -CN, -SOn1R 1D , -SOv1NR 1A R 1B , -NHC(O)NR 1A R 1B , -NR 1C NR 1A R 1B , -ONR 1A R 1B , -NHC(O)NR 1C NR 1A R 1B , -N(O) m1 , -NR 1A R 1B , -C(O)R 1C , -C(O)OR 1C , -C(O)NR 1A R 1B , -OR 1D , -NR 1A SO 2 R 1D , -NR 1A C(O)R 1C , -NR 1A C(O)OR 1C , -NR 1A OR 1C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 2 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 2 3, -CHX 2 2, -CH 2 X 2 , -OCX 2 3, -OCH 2 X 2 , -OCHX 2 2 , -CN, -SO n2 R 2D , -SO v2 NR 2A R 2B , -NHC(O)NR 2A R 2B , -NR 2C NR 2A R 2B , -ONR 2A R 2B , -NHC(O)NR 2C NR 2A R 2B , -N(O)m2, -NR 2A R 2B , -C(O)R 2C , -C(O)OR 2C , -C(O)NR 2A R 2B , -OR 2D , -NR 2A SO 2 R 2D , -NR 2A C(O)R 2C , -NR 2A C(O)OR 2C , -NR 2A OR 2C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 3 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 3 3, -CHX 3 2, -CH 2 X 3 , -OCX 3 3, -OCH 2 X 3 , -OCHX 3 2 , -CN, -SO n3 R 3D , -SO v3 NR 3A R 3B , -NHC(O)NR 3A R 3B , -NR 3C NR 3A R 3B , -ONR 3A R 3B , -NHC(O)NR 3C NR 3A R 3B , -N(O)m3, -NR 3A R 3B , -C(O)R 3C , -C(O)OR 3C , -C(O)NR 3A R 3B , -OR 3D , -NR 3A SO 2 R 3D , -NR 3A C(O)R 3C , -NR 3A C(O)OR 3C , -NR 3A OR 3C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 4 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 4 3 , -CHX 4 2 , -CH 2 X 4 , -OCX 4 3 , -OCH 2 X 4 , -OCHX 4 2, -CN, -SOn4R 4D , -SOv4NR 4A R 4B , -NHC(O)NR 4A R 4B , -NR 4C NR 4A R 4B , -ONR 4A R 4B , -NHC(O)NR 4C NR 4A R 4B , -N(O)m4, -NR 4A R 4B , -C(O)R 4C , -C(O)OR 4C , -C(O)NR 4A R 4B , -OR 4D , -NR 4A SO 2 R 4D , -NR 4A C(O)R 4C , -NR 4A C(O)OR 4C , -NR 4A OR 4C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 5 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 5 3, -CHX 5 2, -CH 2 X 5 , -OCX 5 3, -OCH 2 X 5 , -OCHX 5 2 , -CN, -SO n5 R 5D , -SO v5 NR 5A R 5B , -NHC(O)NR 5A R 5B , -NR 5C NR 5A R 5B , -ONR 5A R 5B , -NHC(O)NR 5C NR 5A R 5B , -N(O) m5 , -NR 5A R 5B , -C(O)R 5C , -C(O)OR 5C , -C(O)NR 5A R 5B , -OR 5D , -NR 5A SO 2 R 5D , -NR 5A C(O)R 5C , -NR 5A C(O)OR 5C , -NR 5A OR 5C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 6 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 6 3 , -CHX 6 2 , -CH 2 X 6 , -OCX 6 3 , -OCH 2 X 6 , -OCHX 6 2, -CN, -SOn6R 6D , -SOv6NR 6A R 6B , -NHC(O)NR 6A R 6B , -NR 6C NR 6A R 6B , -ONR 6A R 6B , -NHC(O)NR 6C NR 6A R 6B , -N(O)m6, -NR 6A R 6B , -C(O)R 6C , -C(O)OR 6C , -C(O)NR 6A R 6B , -OR 6D , -NR 6A SO 2 R 6D , -NR 6A C(O)R 6C , -NR 6A C(O)OR 6C , -NR 6A OR 6C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 7 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 7 3, -CHX 7 2, -CH 2 X 7 , -OCX 7 3, -OCH 2 X 7 , -OCHX 7 2 , -CN, -SO n7 R 7D , -SO v7 NR 7A R 7B , -NHC(O)NR 7A R 7B , -NR 7C NR 7A R 7B , -ONR 7A R 7B , -NHC(O)NR 7C NR 7A R 7B , -N(O)m7, -NR 7A R 7B , -C(O)R 7C , -C(O)OR 7C , -C(O)NR 7A R 7B , -OR 7D , -NR 7A SO 2 R 7D , -NR 7A C(O)R 7C , -NR 7A C(O)OR 7C , -NR 7A OR 7C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 8 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 8 3 , -CHX 8 2 , -CH 2 X 8 , -OCX 8 3 , -OCH 2 X 8 , -OCHX 8 2, -CN, -SOn8R 8D , -SOv8NR 8A R 8B , -NHC(O)NR 8A R 8B , -NR 8C NR 8A R 8B , -ONR 8A R 8B , -NHC(O)NR 8C NR 8A R 8B , -N(O)m8, -NR 8A R 8B , -C(O)R 8C , -C(O)OR 8C , -C(O)NR 8A R 8B , -OR 8D , -NR 8A SO 2 R 8D , -NR 8A C(O)R 8C , -NR 8A C(O)OR 8C , -NR 8A OR 8C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 9 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 9 3, -CHX 9 2, -CH 2 X 9 , -OCX 9 3, -OCH 2 X 9 , -OCHX 9 2 , -CN, -SO n9 R 9D , -SO v9 NR 9A R 9B , -NHC(O)NR 9A R 9B , -NR 9C NR 9A R 9B , -ONR 9A R 9B , -NHC(O)NR 9C NR 9A R 9B , -N(O)m9, -NR 9A R 9B , -C(O)R 9C , -C(O)OR 9C , -C(O)NR 9A R 9B , -OR 9D , -NR 9A SO 2 R 9D , -NR 9A C(O)R 9C , -NR 9A C(O)OR 9C , -NR 9A OR 9C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 10 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 10 3 , -CHX 10 2 , -CH 2 X 10 , -OCX 10 3 , -OCH 2 X 10 , -OCHX 10 2, -CN, -SOn10R 10D , -SOv10NR 10A R 10B , -NHC(O)NR 10A R 10B , -NR 10C NR 10A R 10B , -ONR 10A R 10B , -NHC(O)NR 10C NR 10A R 10B , -N(O) m10 , -NR 10A R 10B , -C(O)R 10C , -C(O)OR 10C , -C(O)NR 10A R 10B , -OR 10D , -NR 10A SO 2 R 10D , -NR 10A C(O)R 10C , -NR 10A C(O)OR 10C , -NR 10A OR 10C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 11 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 11 3, -CHX 11 2, -CH 2 X 11 , -OCX 11 3, -OCH 2 X 11 , -OCHX 11 2 , -CN, -SO n11 R 11D , -SO v11 NR 11A R 11B , -NHC(O)NR 11A R 11B , -NR 11C NR 11A R 11B , -ONR 11A R 11B , -NHC(O)NR 11C NR 11A R 11B , -N(O)m11, -NR 11A R 11B , -C(O)R 11C , -C(O)OR 11C , -C(O)NR 11A R 11B , -OR 11D , -NR 11A SO 2 R 11D , -NR 11A C(O)R 11C , -NR 11A C(O)OR 11C , -NR 11A OR 11C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 12 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 12 3 , -CHX 12 2 , -CH 2 X 12 , -OCX 12 3 , -OCH 2 X 12 , -OCHX 12 2, -CN, -SOn12R 12D , -SOv12NR 12A R 12B , -NHC(O)NR 12A R 12B , -NR 12C NR 12A R 12B , -ONR 12A R 12B , -NHC(O)NR 12C NR 12A R 12B , -N(O) m12 , -NR 12A R 12B , -C(O)R 12C , -C(O)OR 12C , -C(O)NR 12A R 12B , -OR 12D , -NR 12A SO 2 R 12D , -NR 12A C(O)R 12C , -NR 12A C(O)OR 12C , -NR 12A OR 12C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 13 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 13 3, -CHX 13 2, -CH 2 X 13 , -OCX 13 3, -OCH 2 X 13 , -OCHX 13 2, -CN, -SOn13R 13D , -SOv13NR 13A R 13B , -NHC(O)NR 13A R 13B , -NR 13C NR 13A R 13B , -ONR 13A R 13B , -NHC(O)NR 13C NR 13A R 13B , -N(O)m13, -NR 13A R 13B , -C(O)R 13C , -C(O)OR 13C , -C(O)NR 13A R 13B , -OR 13D , -NR 13A SO 2 R 13D , -NR 13A C(O)R 13C , -NR 13A C(O)OR 13C , -NR 13A OR 13C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 14 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 14 3, -CHX 14 2, -CH 2 X 14 , -OCX 14 3, -OCH 2 X 14 , -OCHX 14 2 , -CN, -SO n14 R 14D , -SO v14 NR 14A R 14B , -NHC(O)NR 14A R 14B , -NR 14C NR 14A R 14B , -ONR 14A R 14B , -NHC(O)NR 14C NR 14A R 14B , -N(O)m14, -NR 14A R 14B , -C(O)R 14C , -C(O)OR 14C , -C(O)NR 14A R 14B , -OR 14D , -NR 14A SO 2 R 14D , -NR 14A C(O)R 14C , -NR 14A C(O)OR 14C , -NR 14A OR 14C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 15 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 15 3 , -CHX 15 2 , -CH 2 X 15 , -OCX 15 3 , -OCH 2 X 15 , -OCHX 15 2, -CN, -SOn15R 15D , -SOv15NR 15A R 15B , -NHC(O)NR 15A R 15B , -NR 15C NR 15A R 15B , -ONR 15A R 15B , -NHC(O)NR 15C NR 15A R 15B , -N(O) m15 , -NR 15A R 15B , -C(O)R 15C , -C(O)OR 15C , -C(O)NR 15A R 15B , -OR 15D , -NR 15A SO 2 R 15D , -NR 15A C(O)R 15C , -NR 15A C(O)OR 15C , -NR 15A OR 15C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 1 and R 2 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 2 and R 3 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 3 and R 4 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 4 and R 5 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 6 and R 7 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 7 and R 8 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 8 and R 9 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 9 and R 10 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 11 and R 12 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 12 and R 13 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 13 and R 14 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 14 and R 15 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 1A , R 1B , R 1C , R 1D , R 2A , R 2B , R 2C , R 2D , R 3A , R 3B , R 3C , R 3D , R 4A , R 4B , R 4C , R 4D , R 5A , R 5B , R 5C , R 5D , R 6A , R 6B , R 6C , R 6D , R 7A , R 7B , R 7C , R 7D , R 8A , R 8B , R 8C , R 8D , R 9A , R 9B , R 9C , R 9D , R 10A , R 10B , R 10C , R 10D , R 11A , R 11B , R 11C , R 11D , R 12A , R 12B , R 12C , R 12D , R 13A , R 13B , R 13C , R 13D , R 14A , R 14B , R 14C , R 14D , R 15A , R 15B , R 15C , and R 15D are independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl3, -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 1A and R 1B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 2A and R 2B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 3A and R 3B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 4A and R 4B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 5A and R 5B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 6A and R 6B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 7A and R 7B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 8A and R 8B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 9A and R 9B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 10A and R 10B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 11A and R 11B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 12A and R 12B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 13A and R 13B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 14A and R 14B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 15A and R 15B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; n1, n2, n3, n4, n5, n6, n7, n8, n9, n10, n11, n12, n13, n14, and n15 are independently an integer from 0 to 4; m1, m2, m3, m4, m5, m6, m7, m8, m9, m10, m11, m12, m13, m14, m15, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, and v15 are independently 1 or 2; and X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 , X 5 , X 6 , X 7 , X 8 , X 9 , X 10 , X 11 , X 12 , X 13 , X 14 , and X 15 are independently –F, -Cl, -Br, or –I. [0652] Embodiment P19. The method of embodiment P18, wherein the compound has the formula [0653] Embodiment P20. The method of embodiment P19, wherein R 1 is independently –OR 1D ; R 6 is independently –OR 6D ; R 11 is independently –OR 11D ; and R 4 , R 9 , and R 14 are each independently halogen. [0654] Embodiment P21. The method of embodiment P19, wherein R 1 , R 6 , and R 11 are each independently –OH; and R 4 , R 9 , and R 14 are each independently -Cl. [0655] Embodiment P22. The method of embodiment P18, wherein the compound has the formula [0656] Embodiment P23. The method of embodiment P22, wherein R 1 is independently –OR 1D ; R 6 is independently –OR 6D ; and R 4 and R 9 are each independently halogen. [0657] Embodiment P24. The method of embodiment P22, wherein R 1 and R 6 are each independently –OH; and R 4 and R 9 are each independently -Cl. [0658] Embodiment P25. A method of treating a disease associated with a high level of IGF2BP2 in a subject in need thereof, said method comprising: i) determining the level of IGF2BP2 in the subject in need thereof; and ii) administering to the subject in need thereof an IGF2BP2 inhibitor, wherein the IGF2BP2 inhibitor decreases IGF2BP2 binding to RNA N 6 -methyladenosine (m 6 A). [0659] Embodiment P26. The method of embodiment P25, wherein the IGF2BP2 inhibitor is a compound having the formula wherein Ring A is a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; is a single bond or a double bond; R 1 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 1 3, -CHX 1 2, -CH 2 X 1 , -OCX 1 3, -OCH 2 X 1 , -OCHX 1 2 , -CN, -SO n1 R 1D , -SO v1 NR 1A R 1B , -NHC(O)NR 1A R 1B , -NR 1C NR 1A R 1B , -ONR 1A R 1B , -NHC(O)NR 1C NR 1A R 1B , -N(O)m1, -NR 1A R 1B , -C(O)R 1C , -C(O)OR 1C , -C(O)NR 1A R 1B , -OR 1D , -NR 1A SO 2 R 1D , -NR 1A C(O)R 1C , -NR 1A C(O)OR 1C , -NR 1A OR 1C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 2 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 2 3 , -CHX 2 2 , -CH 2 X 2 , -OCX 2 3 , -OCH 2 X 2 , -OCHX 2 2, -CN, -SOn2R 2D , -SOv2NR 2A R 2B , -NHC(O)NR 2A R 2B , -NR 2C NR 2A R 2B , -ONR 2A R 2B , -NHC(O)NR 2C NR 2A R 2B , -N(O)m2, -NR 2A R 2B , -C(O)R 2C , -C(O)OR 2C , -C(O)NR 2A R 2B , -OR 2D , -NR 2A SO 2 R 2D , -NR 2A C(O)R 2C , -NR 2A C(O)OR 2C , -NR 2A OR 2C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 3 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 3 3, -CHX 3 2, -CH 2 X 3 , -OCX 3 3, -OCH 2 X 3 , -OCHX 3 2, -CN, -SOn3R 3D , -SOv3NR 3A R 3B , -NHC(O)NR 3A R 3B , -NR 3C NR 3A R 3B , -ONR 3A R 3B , -NHC(O)NR 3C NR 3A R 3B , -N(O) m3 , -NR 3A R 3B , -C(O)R 3C , -C(O)OR 3C , -C(O)NR 3A R 3B , -OR 3D , -NR 3A SO 2 R 3D , -NR 3A C(O)R 3C , -NR 3A C(O)OR 3C , -NR 3A OR 3C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 4 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 4 3, -CHX 4 2, -CH 2 X 4 , -OCX 4 3, -OCH 2 X 4 , -OCHX 4 2, -CN, -SOn4R 4D , -SOv4NR 4A R 4B , -NHC(O)NR 4A R 4B , -NR 4C NR 4A R 4B , -ONR 4A R 4B , -NHC(O)NR 4C NR 4A R 4B , -N(O)m4, -NR 4A R 4B , -C(O)R 4C , -C(O)OR 4C , -C(O)NR 4A R 4B , -OR 4D , -NR 4A SO 2 R 4D , -NR 4A C(O)R 4C , -NR 4A C(O)OR 4C , -NR 4A OR 4C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 5 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 5 3 , -CHX 5 2 , -CH 2 X 5 , -OCX 5 3 , -OCH 2 X 5 , -OCHX 5 2, -CN, -SOn5R 5D , -SOv5NR 5A R 5B , -NHC(O)NR 5A R 5B , -NR 5C NR 5A R 5B , -ONR 5A R 5B , -NHC(O)NR 5C NR 5A R 5B , -N(O) m5 , -NR 5A R 5B , -C(O)R 5C , -C(O)OR 5C , -C(O)NR 5A R 5B , -OR 5D , -NR 5A SO 2 R 5D , -NR 5A C(O)R 5C , -NR 5A C(O)OR 5C , -NR 5A OR 5C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 6 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 6 3, -CHX 6 2, -CH 2 X 6 , -OCX 6 3, -OCH 2 X 6 , -OCHX 6 2 , -CN, -SO n6 R 6D , -SO v6 NR 6A R 6B , -NHC(O)NR 6A R 6B , -NR 6C NR 6A R 6B , -ONR 6A R 6B , -NHC(O)NR 6C NR 6A R 6B , -N(O)m6, -NR 6A R 6B , -C(O)R 6C , -C(O)OR 6C , -C(O)NR 6A R 6B , -OR 6D , -NR 6A SO 2 R 6D , -NR 6A C(O)R 6C , -NR 6A C(O)OR 6C , -NR 6A OR 6C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 7 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 7 3 , -CHX 7 2 , -CH 2 X 7 , -OCX 7 3 , -OCH 2 X 7 , -OCHX 7 2, -CN, -SOn7R 7D , -SOv7NR 7A R 7B , -NHC(O)NR 7A R 7B , -NR 7C NR 7A R 7B , -ONR 7A R 7B , -NHC(O)NR 7C NR 7A R 7B , -N(O)m7, -NR 7A R 7B , -C(O)R 7C , -C(O)OR 7C , -C(O)NR 7A R 7B , -OR 7D , -NR 7A SO 2 R 7D , -NR 7A C(O)R 7C , -NR 7A C(O)OR 7C , -NR 7A OR 7C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 8 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 8 3, -CHX 8 2, -CH 2 X 8 , -OCX 8 3, -OCH 2 X 8 , -OCHX 8 2 , -CN, -SO n8 R 8D , -SO v8 NR 8A R 8B , -NHC(O)NR 8A R 8B , -NR 8C NR 8A R 8B , -ONR 8A R 8B , -NHC(O)NR 8C NR 8A R 8B , -N(O) m8 , -NR 8A R 8B , -C(O)R 8C , -C(O)OR 8C , -C(O)NR 8A R 8B , -OR 8D , -NR 8A SO 2 R 8D , -NR 8A C(O)R 8C , -NR 8A C(O)OR 8C , -NR 8A OR 8C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 9 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 9 3 , -CHX 9 2 , -CH 2 X 9 , -OCX 9 3 , -OCH 2 X 9 , -OCHX 9 2, -CN, -SOn9R 9D , -SOv9NR 9A R 9B , -NHC(O)NR 9A R 9B , -NR 9C NR 9A R 9B , -ONR 9A R 9B , -NHC(O)NR 9C NR 9A R 9B , -N(O)m9, -NR 9A R 9B , -C(O)R 9C , -C(O)OR 9C , -C(O)NR 9A R 9B , -OR 9D , -NR 9A SO 2 R 9D , -NR 9A C(O)R 9C , -NR 9A C(O)OR 9C , -NR 9A OR 9C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 10 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 10 3, -CHX 10 2, -CH 2 X 10 , -OCX 10 3, -OCH 2 X 10 , -OCHX 10 2 , -CN, -SO n10 R 10D , -SO v10 NR 10A R 10B , -NHC(O)NR 10A R 10B , -NR 10C NR 10A R 10B , -ONR 10A R 10B , -NHC(O)NR 10C NR 10A R 10B , -N(O)m10, -NR 10A R 10B , -C(O)R 10C , -C(O)OR 10C , -C(O)NR 10A R 10B , -OR 10D , -NR 10A SO 2 R 10D , -NR 10A C(O)R 10C , -NR 10A C(O)OR 10C , -NR 10A OR 10C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 11 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 11 3, -CHX 11 2, -CH 2 X 11 , -OCX 11 3, -OCH 2 X 11 , -OCHX 11 2 , -CN, -SO n11 R 11D , -SO v11 NR 11A R 11B , -NHC(O)NR 11A R 11B , -NR 11C NR 11A R 11B , -ONR 11A R 11B , -NHC(O)NR 11C NR 11A R 11B , -N(O)m11, -NR 11A R 11B , -C(O)R 11C , -C(O)OR 11C , -C(O)NR 11A R 11B , -OR 11D , -NR 11A SO 2 R 11D , -NR 11A C(O)R 11C , -NR 11A C(O)OR 11C , -NR 11A OR 11C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 12 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 12 3, -CHX 12 2, -CH 2 X 12 , -OCX 12 3, -OCH 2 X 12 , -OCHX 12 2, -CN, -SOn12R 12D , -SOv12NR 12A R 12B , -NHC(O)NR 12A R 12B , -NR 12C NR 12A R 12B , -ONR 12A R 12B , -NHC(O)NR 12C NR 12A R 12B , -N(O)m12, -NR 12A R 12B , -C(O)R 12C , -C(O)OR 12C , -C(O)NR 12A R 12B , -OR 12D , -NR 12A SO 2 R 12D , -NR 12A C(O)R 12C , -NR 12A C(O)OR 12C , -NR 12A OR 12C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 13 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 13 3 , -CHX 13 2 , -CH 2 X 13 , -OCX 13 3 , -OCH 2 X 13 , -OCHX 13 2, -CN, -SOn13R 13D , -SOv13NR 13A R 13B , -NHC(O)NR 13A R 13B , -NR 13C NR 13A R 13B , -ONR 13A R 13B , -NHC(O)NR 13C NR 13A R 13B , -N(O) m13 , -NR 13A R 13B , -C(O)R 13C , -C(O)OR 13C , -C(O)NR 13A R 13B , -OR 13D , -NR 13A SO 2 R 13D , -NR 13A C(O)R 13C , -NR 13A C(O)OR 13C , -NR 13A OR 13C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 14 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 14 3, -CHX 14 2, -CH 2 X 14 , -OCX 14 3, -OCH 2 X 14 , -OCHX 14 2 , -CN, -SO n14 R 14D , -SO v14 NR 14A R 14B , -NHC(O)NR 14A R 14B , -NR 14C NR 14A R 14B , -ONR 14A R 14B , -NHC(O)NR 14C NR 14A R 14B , -N(O) m14 , -NR 14A R 14B , -C(O)R 14C , -C(O)OR 14C , -C(O)NR 14A R 14B , -OR 14D , -NR 14A SO 2 R 14D , -NR 14A C(O)R 14C , -NR 14A C(O)OR 14C , -NR 14A OR 14C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 15 is independently hydrogen, halogen, -CX 15 3, -CHX 15 2, -CH 2 X 15 , -OCX 15 3, -OCH 2 X 15 , -OCHX 15 2 , -CN, -SO n15 R 15D , -SO v15 NR 15A R 15B , -NHC(O)NR 15A R 15B , -NR 15C NR 15A R 15B , -ONR 15A R 15B , -NHC(O)NR 15C NR 15A R 15B , -N(O)m15, -NR 15A R 15B , -C(O)R 15C , -C(O)OR 15C , -C(O)NR 15A R 15B , -OR 15D , -NR 15A SO 2 R 15D , -NR 15A C(O)R 15C , -NR 15A C(O)OR 15C , -NR 15A OR 15C , -SF 5 , -N 3 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 1 and R 2 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 2 and R 3 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 3 and R 4 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 4 and R 5 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 6 and R 7 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 7 and R 8 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 8 and R 9 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 9 and R 10 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 11 and R 12 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 12 and R 13 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 13 and R 14 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 14 and R 15 substitutents may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 1A , R 1B , R 1C , R 1D , R 2A , R 2B , R 2C , R 2D , R 3A , R 3B , R 3C , R 3D , R 4A , R 4B , R 4C , R 4D , R 5A , R 5B , R 5C , R 5D , R 6A , R 6B , R 6C , R 6D , R 7A , R 7B , R 7C , R 7D , R 8A , R 8B , R 8C , R 8D , R 9A , R 9B , R 9C , R 9D , R 10A , R 10B , R 10C , R 10D , R 11A , R 11B , R 11C , R 11D , R 12A , R 12B , R 12C , R 12D , R 13A , R 13B , R 13C , R 13D , R 14A , R 14B , R 14C , R 14D , R 15A , R 15B , R 15C , and R 15D are independently hydrogen, halogen, -CCl 3 , -CBr3, -CF 3 , -Cl 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 Br, -CH 2 F, -CH 2 I, -CHCI 2 , -CHBr 2 , -CHF2, -CHI 2 , -CN, -OH, -NH 2 , -COOH, -CONH 2 , -NO 2 , -SH, -SO 3 H, -SO 4 H, -SO 2 NH 2 , -NHNH 2 , -ONH 2 , -NHC(O)NHNH 2 , -NHC(O)NH 2 , -NHSO 2 H, -NHC(O)H, -NHC(O)OH, -NHOH, -OCCl 3 , -OCBr3, -OCF 3 , -OCl 3 , -OCH 2 Cl, -OCH 2 Br, -OCH 2 F, -OCH 2 I, -OCHCI 2 , -OCHBr 2 , -OCHF2, -OCHI 2 , substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 1A and R 1B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 2A and R 2B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 3A and R 3B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 4A and R 4B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 5A and R 5B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 6A and R 6B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 7A and R 7B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 8A and R 8B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 9A and R 9B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 10A and R 10B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 11A and R 11B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 12A and R 12B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 13A and R 13B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 14A and R 14B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R 15A and R 15B substituents bonded to the same nitrogen atom may be joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; n1, n2, n3, n4, n5, n6, n7, n8, n9, n10, n11, n12, n13, n14, and n15 are independently an integer from 0 to 4; m1, m2, m3, m4, m5, m6, m7, m8, m9, m10, m11, m12, m13, m14, m15, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10, v11, v12, v13, v14, and v15 are independently 1 or 2; and X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 , X 5 , X 6 , X 7 , X 8 , X 9 , X 10 , X 11 , X 12 , X 13 , X 14 , and X 15 are independently –F, -Cl, -Br, or –I. [0660] Embodiment P27. The method of embodiment P26, wherein the compound has the formula
[0661] Embodiment P28. The method of embodiment P27, wherein R 1 is independently –OR 1D ; R 6 is independently –OR 6D ; R 11 is independently –OR 11D ; and R 4 , R 9 , and R 14 are each independently halogen. [0662] Embodiment P29. The method of embodiment P27, wherein R 1 , R 6 , and R 11 are each independently –OH; and R 4 , R 9 , and R 14 are each independently -Cl. [0663] Embodiment P30. The method of embodiment P26, wherein the compound has the formula [0664] Embodiment P31. The method of embodiment P30, wherein R 1 is independently –OR 1D ; R 6 is independently –OR 6D ; and R 4 and R 9 are each independently halogen. [0665] Embodiment P32. The method of embodiment P30, wherein R 1 and R 6 are each independently –OH; and R 4 and R 9 are each independently -Cl. EXAMPLES Example 1: Methods and compositions for treating IGF2BP2-mediated cancers [0666] N 6 -methyladenosine (m 6 A) is the most abundant internal modification in messenger RNAs and affects mRNA fate in different aspects. These effects rely on the recognition of m 6 A by specific RNA binding proteins (m 6 A readers). We recently identified the insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding proteins (IGF2BP1/2/3) as m 6 A readers that could bind and stabilize m 6 A-modified mRNAs. Among the three proteins in this family, IGF2BP2 is highly expressed and plays oncogenic roles in various types of cancers including colorectal cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, lung cancer, gallbladder cancer, pancreatic cancer, glioblastoma, esophageal adenocarcinoma, and ovarian cancer, as well as in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In addition, high level of IGF2BP2 expression is associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer, esophageal adenocarcinoma, gallbladder cancer, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, liver cancer, and AML. We therefore sought to develop IGF2BP2 inhibitor-based therapeutics for the treatment of such types of cancers. Through a structure- based virtual screening following by mass spectrometry, HPLC purification, nuclear magnetic resonance and in vitro validation assays, we have successfully identified a potent small molecule compound, namely CWI1-2, which specifically binds to IGF2BP2 and prevent IGF2BP2 from binding to its mRNA targets and exhibits potent anti-cancer activities in vitro at nanomolar concentrations. CWI1-2 treatment significantly promoted apoptosis and myeloid differentiation of human AML cell lines with high-level of IGF2BP2 expression (i.e., IGF2BP2-high) in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, we showed that CWI1-2 treatment could remarkably inhibit engraftment of primary AML cells in bone marrow transplantation (BMT) recipient mice. This inhibitor is a first-in-class inhibitor that targets a RNA modification (m 6 A) reader protein (herein IGF2BP2) and thereby suppressing expression of its oncogenic targets such as MYC oncogene. [0667] IGF2BP2 is highly expressed and plays an oncogenic role in various cancers such as AML, colorectal cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, lung cancer, gallbladder cancer, pancreatic cancer, glioblastoma, esophageal adenocarcinoma, and ovarian cancer, and that high level of IGF2BP2 is associated with poor prognosis in AML, breast cancer, gallbladder cancer, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, liver cancer, and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Therefore, IGF2BP2 is a critical drug target. [0668] IGF2BP2 plays an essential role in the maintenance and self-renewal of cancer stem/initiating cells. Thus, IGF2BP2 inhibitor-based therapeutics hold great potential to eradicate cancer stem/initiating cells and thereby may lead to the cure of cancer. [0669] The identification of CWI1-2 as a potent inhibitor of IGF2BP2 that specifically inhibits binding of IGF2BP2 to its mRNA targets with m 6 A modification and exhibits a potent anti-cancer efficacy. CWI1-2 or an enantiomer or mixture of enantiomers thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, co-crystal, clathrate, or polymorph thereof, or CWI1-2 derivatives, or nanoparticle packed formula thereof is a potent inhibitor of IGF2BP2. [0670] Using IGF2BP2 inhibitors such as CWI1-2 or its derivatives (in various formulations), alone or in combination with other therapeutic agents, to treat various types of cancers (e.g., AML, colorectal cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, gallbladder cancer, pancreatic cancer, glioma, glioblastoma, and esophageal adenocarcinoma, etc.) in which IGF2BP2 expression is elevated than normal controls. [0671] IGF2BP2 level may be detected at either the protein or the gene expression level. [0672] IGF2BP2 level may serve as a biomarker for the prediction of treatment response and clinical outcome in cancer patients. [0673] Virtual screening of library compounds and lead compound identification. NCI DTP library of approximately 260,000 compounds was screened. Screening included docking on the KH 3 domain of IGF2BP2. Over 500 compounds were identified for experimental validation. NSC 6 9557, termed CWI1, was identified as a top hit. Mass spectrometry (MS) identified CWI1 as a mixture including three major peaks: CWI1, CWI1- 1, and CWI1-2. Their structures were predicted based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and MS data. The compound peaks for the predicted CWI1-1 and CWI1-2 were purified by HPLC. Through biolocial assays, it was determined that the fraction of the predicted CWI1-2 was the most active inhibitor of IGF2BP2. CWI1, CWI1-1, and CWI1-2 were synthesized based on the predicted structures. It was confirmed that CWI1 is less effective, CWI1-1 is effective, and CWI1-2 is much more effective, which is consistent with the data of testing the purified fractions. Thus, the structures of CWI1-1 and CWI1-2 were confirmed. [0674] Table 1. Compound structures
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