FLYWHEEL ASSEMBLY BY MEANS OF GRAVITATION

The invention relates to a flywheel assembly, comprising a flywheel, in which the flywheel is intended to drive equipment coupled to the flywheel, to which at least two working masses are arranged on the flywheel at some distance from a central drive shaft, and at least one of the working masses is movable and each working mass is indirectly connected to the central drive shaft through a first rod, wherein a first end of the first rod is coupled to the working mass and a second end of the first rod is indirectly connected to the central drive shaft through a lever construction, wherein the lever construction near the second end is pivotally connected about a first pivot axis to a connecting member and the connecting member is coupled to the central drive shaft, wherein the first pivot shaft and the central drive shaft are spaced apart, in which the connecting member is at least partly rotatably coupled to the central drive shaft by means of a second pivot shaft, which is arranged near the central drive shaft, in which the second pivot shaft, viewed in rotational direction, is located before the push-off anchor point position, preferably at a minimum of 90-120 degrees of arc, in which the second end of the first rod is connected to the flywheel via a third pivot shaft by means of a second rod, in which a first end of the second rod is mounted at least partly rotatably by means of the third pivot shaft and the second end of the second rod is pivotally mounted to a second anchor point on the flywheel, which second anchor point is located near the central drive shaft and is behind the first anchor point viewed in rotational direction, wherein the flywheel is provided with pneumatic push-off means for pushing the lever construction against a first anchor point fixedly located on the flywheel during rotation of the flywheel, comprising a compressor, at least one pneumatic cylinder and connection means for pneumatically connecting the compressor to the at least one cylinder, in which a first end of each cylinder is connected to the flywheel at the first anchor point, and a second end of each cylinder pushes against the lever construction, in which each first end of the cylinder is located before the second end of the cylinder viewed in rotational direction, and the flywheel assembly comprises an operating device for operating the push-off means.

The flywheel assembly according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from PCT/NL2019/000002.

The known flywheel assembly has the disadvantage that the energy introduced by the push-off means on the downward side of the flywheel causes insufficient imbalance in the flywheel . The influence of the rotating work masses on the downward side on the rotation of the flywheel that is higher than the influence of the rotational work masses on the upward side on the rotation of the flywheel is not sufficient to rotate the flywheel sufficiently in order to convert the introduced potential energy into kinetic energy at a further position in the flywheel.

It is the object of the present invention to provide a flywheel assembly according to the preamble of claim 1 , in which the above drawback has been eliminated.

To this end, the inventive flywheel assembly has the feature that the flywheel is provided with limiting means for limiting the extreme displaced position of the at least one cylinder, wherein in the extreme displaced position of the at least one cylinder the second end of the cylinder pushes against a first push-off bar, and wherein the first push-off bar is rigidly connected to a first end of a first rod and wherein a second end of the rod is rigidly connected to a second anchor point which is viewed in rotational direction located behind the first anchor point and wherein the second anchor point is further from the central drive shaft than the first anchor point and wherein the push-off means are arranged to push out the at least one cylinder at a position of the relevant working mass of approximately 90 degrees of arc to 190 degrees of arc, in particular at 110 degrees of arc (10.1).

The inventive measures result in a rigid connection between the lever construction and the second anchor point for the corresponding working mass, as a result of which the load on the working mass moves from the first anchor point to the second anchor point. Consequently, the imbalance in the flywheel assembly has increased enormously compared to the known assembly.

The flywheel assembly is intended for a gravitational air motor, which can be turned on and off in a controlled manner and can provide energy anywhere 24/7 from gravity and air from the immediate vicinity. The gravitational air motor operates according to the claims of this patent.

The imbalance in the flywheel can be further increased by further measures in which the flywheel is provided with limiting means for limiting the extreme retracted position of the at least one cylinder, wherein in the extreme retracted position of the at least one the second end of the cylinder presses against a second push-off bar, and wherein the second push-off bar is rigidly connected to a first end of a second rod and wherein a second end of the second rod is rigidly connected to a third anchor point, which is, viewed in rotational direction, behind the first anchor point and in which the third anchor point is located further from the central drive shaft than the first anchor point A and the push-off means are arranged to retract the at least one cylinder when the working mass is between approximately 300 and 10 degrees of arc, wherein the second end is positioned between the first push-off bar and the second push-off bar.

Due to these measures, the load of the relevant working mass moves from the second anchor point to the first anchor point, thereby reducing the influence of the relevant mass on the upward side of the flywheel. In a preferred embodiment of the flywheel assembly according to the invention, the second anchor point and the third anchor point coincide and form the second anchor point, in which the first and second rod form the same rod.

In a practical preferred embodiment of the flywheel assembly according to the invention, each cylinder has a push-up and retraction element, hereinafter referred to as a needle element, in which the needle element comprises a longitudinal axis, wherein a first end of the longitudinal axis is arranged on the second end of the cylinder at an adjustable first distance from the extreme second end of the cylinder, preferably by means of a threaded connection, wherein the needle element comprises a needle push-up ring positioned at the second free end of the needle element at an adjustable second distance from the extreme second end of the needle element, preferably by means of a threaded connection, in which a pushing element or push-up needle shaft is placed along the longitudinal axis, which is free to move between the first end of the longitudinal shaft and the needle push-up ring, in which the push-up needle shaft pushes against the lever construction when the cylinder is pushed out, and in which when the cylinder is pushed further out at some point the push-up needle shaft pushes off against the first push-off bar such that the extreme displaced position of the cylinder is limited, wherein upon retraction of the cylinder at some point the push-up needle shaft pulls against the second push-off bar, thereby limiting the maximum retracted position of the cylinder.

In a further practical preferred embodiment of the flywheel assembly according to the invention, the push-off means comprise a first pneumatic storage tank, which is pressurized by the compressor during start-up of the flywheel assembly, the push-off means are arranged to vent the at least one cylinder at an upward movement of the working mass up to approximately 310 degrees of arc, the push-off means are arranged to at least partially collect the vented air from a lower chamber of the cylinder in the first storage tank, and the push-off means are arranged to retract the at least one cylinder by means of the collected air from the first storage tank, using the needle element when the working mass is between approximately 190 and 5 degrees of arc, in which the push-up needle shaft has no contact with the second push-off bar.

Due to the above measures, 50% of the energy used for pushing out the cylinder is recovered, greatly improving the efficiency of the flywheel assembly.

The efficiency of the inventive flywheel assembly can be further increased by the following alternative technical measures, in which more than 65%, and in particular 80%, of the energy used to push out the cylinder is recovered.

These measures are characterized in that the push-off means comprise a second pneumatic storage tank, in which the compressor holds the second storage tank under pressure, and comprise a third pneumatic storage tank, in which, for at least one cylinder for each working mass 22, the second storage tank is in pneumatic communication with an upper chamber of the cylinder via a first operable valve, the upper chamber of the cylinder is in pneumatic communication with the ambient air via a second operable valve, the third storage tank is in pneumatic communication with the upper chamber of the cylinder via a third operable valve, the third storage tank is in pneumatic communication with the lower chamber of the cylinder via a fourth operable valve, the third storage tank is in pneumatic communication with the lower chamber of the cylinder via a non-return valve, such that an air flow can take place unobstructed from the lower chamber to the third storage tank and an airflow from the third storage chamber to the lower chamber is blocked, in which the push-off means are arranged to retract the cylinder by injecting under pressure the upper chamber of the cylinder with compressed air from the second storage tank by opening the first operable valve, in which the second, third and fourth operable valve are closed, subsequently blowing off the upper chamber of the cylinder by opening the third operable valve and closing the first operable valve, after which the pressure in the upper chamber of the cylinder and the pressure in the third storage tank are equal, subsequently bringing the upper chamber of the cylinder to atmospheric pressure by opening the second operable valve and closing the third operable valve, and the push-off means are arranged to push out the at least one cylinder by opening the fourth operable valve, wherein the first and third operable valve are closed and the second operable valve is opened, subsequently closing the fourth operable valve when the cylinder is pushed out.

The above measures have the advantage that the rotational speed of the flywheel can be controlled by the pressure of the compressed air in the second storage tank. Decrease in pressure will cause the flywheel to decrease in speed. Increase in pressure will cause the flywheel to increase in speed.

The above-mentioned measures have the further advantage that the resulting force at the second anchor point when the cylinder is pushed out and pushed in is gradually accommodated and converted in its entirety into a driving force, whereby no force is lost in an opposing force. The effect of these measures can be compared to a crumple zone such as in a car. The energy of a collision is hereby absorbed by the crumple zone without guiding the car in the opposite direction.

The force on the second anchor point that arises when the cylinder is pushed out and pushed in can be accommodated even better by providing the third storage tank with a pressure relief valve to limit the compressed air pressure in the third storage tank to approximately 2/3 of the compressed air pressure in the second storage tank. This prevents the pressure in the third storage tank from increasing further. The accommodation of the resulting force as described above can be further improved by the following technical measures, in which for at least one cylinder for each working mass, the second storage tank is in pneumatic communication with an upper chamber of the cylinder via a sixth operable valve, the upper chamber of the cylinder is in pneumatic communication with the ambient air via a seventh operable valve, the third storage tank is in pneumatic communication with the upper chamber of the cylinder via an eighth operable valve, the third storage tank is in pneumatic communication with the lower chamber of the cylinder via a ninth operable valve the cylinder, the lower chamber of the cylinder is in pneumatic communication with the ambient air through a tenth operable valve, wherein the push-off means are arranged to retract the cylinder by injecting under pressure the upper chamber of the cylinder with compressed air from the second storage tank by opening the sixth operable valve, in which the seventh, eighth and ninth operable valve are closed and the tenth valve is opened, subsequently blowing off the upper chamber of the cylinder by opening the eighth operable valve and closing the sixth operable valve, after which the pressure in the upper chamber of the cylinder and the third storage tank are equal, subsequently bringing the upper chamber of the cylinder to atmospheric pressure by opening the seventh operable valve and closing the eighth operable valve, and the push-off means are arranged for pushing out the at least one cylinder by opening the ninth operable valve, in which the sixth, eighth and tenth operable valves are closed and the seventh operable valve is open, then closing the ninth operable valve and opening the tenth valve when the cylinder is pushed out.

In an economic embodiment of the flywheel assembly according to the invention, the at least one pneumatic cylinder comprises push-up means which are arranged to store energy when the pneumatic cylinder is pushed in to the extreme retracted position and to release the stored energy when pushing out the least one pneumatic cylinder. These measures have the effect that the pushing force exerted on the pneumatic cylinder when it is moved to the extreme retracted position can be stored for later use for pushing out the pneumatic cylinder. This allows the pneumatic cylinder to be charged via the coupled pushup needle shaft when the movable mass exerts pressure on the pneumatic cylinder and allows the pneumatic cylinder to partially push itself up without the need for pneumatic gas pressure or compressed air pressure.

In a further elaboration of the economic embodiment of the flywheel assembly according to the invention, the push-up means for storing energy comprise at least one compression spring. By allowing the compression spring to compress when the pneumatic cylinder is pressed, energy can be stored in an advantageous manner. The compression spring is preferably arranged in line with the cylinder chamber in which the piston of the pneumatic cylinder can be moved between a first piston boundary facing the first end and a second piston boundary facing the second end. This allows the energy to be stored directly in the compression spring and no transmissions are required.

In a preferred embodiment of the economical embodiment of the flywheel assembly, the cylinder chamber facing the first end of the pneumatic cylinder is closed by means of a closing cover, the first piston boundary is arranged movably in the cylinder chamber and a compression spring is arranged between the first piston boundary and the closing cover, in which an elevation is arranged on the closing cover, which elevation protrudes into the cylinder chamber and forms a boundary for the first piston boundary. This has the effect that the pneumatic cylinder initially functions as a normal pneumatic cylinder when pushed in with the piston moving in the direction of the first piston boundary. However, if the pushing force exerted on the cylinder is high, with the piston pushing against the first piston boundary, the compression spring will deform at some point and the piston and also the first piston boundary will move towards the first end of the cylinder. However, this movement will be limited by the elevation in the cylinder chamber. As a result, the energy of the applied pushing force is stored in the compression spring. When the pushing force decreases, the first piston boundary will be pushed back by the compression spring, increasing the pressure in the space between the first piston boundary and the piston. As a result, less pneumatic gas or compressed air is required to push out the cylinder. In practice it has been found that the required external compressed air can be reduced by approximately 75% to 85%.

Preferably, the cylinder chamber is formed by a first sleeve, a first end of which is connected to the closing cover, and a second sleeve, which projects into the first sleeve, a first end of which is connected to a mounting cover, which mounting cover also forms the second piston boundary, the first piston boundary is movable in the second sleeve, and the pneumatic cylinder comprises adjustable spacer means for adjusting the distance between the closing cover and the mounting cover. This allows for setting the working distance of the cylinder in a convenient way.

Preferably, the closing cover and the first piston boundary are arranged for feeding supply means of pneumatic gas or compressed air to the piston chamber.

The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures, in which:

Figure 1 shows the improved flywheel assembly;

Figure 2 schematically shows the different positions of, among other things, the push-off points and anchor points;

Figure 3 shows the various separate parts of the needle element; Figure 4 shows the assembled needle element according to Figure 3;

Figure 5 shows the needle element of Figure 4 on the cylinder;

Figure 6 shows the cylinder in different stages;

Figures 7,8, 9A, 9B, 10A and 10B show the cylinder with push-up means.

Figure 11 shows a side view of an embodiment of the assembly according to the invention showing the different anchor point;

Figure 12 shows a side view of an embodiment of the assembly according to the invention showing the different parts referenced in previous figures.

Figure 1 shows the improved flywheel assembly with the flywheel 1.1 , in which:

1.1 Flywheel.

I .3 Centre of flywheel I central drive shaft.

3. Push-up needle shaft

10. Inertial push-off position A.

I I . Push-off position B.

12. Push-off position C.

12.1 Indicator dotted line of working mass at push-off position C.

13. Push-off position D.

14. First Push-off bar.

14.1 Second push-off bar.

15. Hinge ring.

16. Cylinder.

17. rigid connection between 14 and 11.

20. direction of rotation indicator.

21. Coupling connection point between 12 and 13.

22. Mass.

23. Protractor.

The cylinder 16 is in the displaced position in Figure 1 , with the push-up needle shaft 3 pressing hard against the first push-off bar 14. Because the first push-up bar is rigidly connected to connection 17 at the second anchor point B (11), the mass 22 pushes on the second anchor point B(11) and is in the balance position.

Figure 2 schematically shows the different positions of, among other things, the push-off points and anchor points, in which are additionally shown:

10.1 Mechanical battery position.

15. Hinge ring.

18. Resistance lines (the shorter the greater the resistance). 19. Indicator lines.

Figure 3 shows the various separate parts of the needle element.

Figure 4 shows the assembled needle element of Figure 3.

The part 'injection push-pull retraction needle shaft connection' or needle 1 is specially arranged for its purposes. It is the part that allows the needle element to be arranged on the shaft of the cylinder 16 and can be adjusted by means of a threaded connection 7 to the correct height relative to the push-up needle shaft 3 at the push-up position 4 with respect to the second push-off bar 14.1.

The second push-off bar 14.1 is directly coupled via a rigid connection to the push-off positions B(11) at the desired position of the flywheel 1.2. The needle push-off ring 8 can be arranged by means of a screw thread connection 7 comprising cooperating external screw thread 7.1 and internal screw thread 7.2 on the needle 1 and can be adjusted to the clearance 25 on the bottom side 4 and top side 5 of the push-up needle shaft 3.

The needle element consists of several parts; needle 1 , bronze sliding sleeve 2, needle push-off ring 8 and push-up needle shaft 3. The push-up needle shaft 3 is enclosed in the height where the bronze sliding sleeve 2 is placed, whereby the needle 1 maintains a free clearance 25 and can slide over the bronze sliding sleeve 2. The needle push-off ring 8 is used to utilize the accommodated external energy for the primary movement again with the retraction of the push-up needle shaft 3, to interrupt the rigid infrastructure 17 again and to accelerate the movable working mass 22 to the top of the flywheel 1.2. This is possible because the lever construction has little resistance within the last 40 degrees of arc at the push-off point positions of the flywheel. The needle 1 passes through the push-up needle shaft 3 in Figure 4 . However, the needle 1 can also run via both outer sides of the push-up needle shaft 3 and enclose the push-up needle shaft 3 with the required free space via the outer sides.

Figure 5 shows the needle element of Figure 4 on the cylinder 16 of Figure 1 , thereby not showing the push-up needle shaft 3, in which

26. Shaft cylinder

27. Upper chamber cylinder

28. Lower chamber cylinder

29. Piston

3. air intake upper chamber

31. air intake lower chamber

Figure 6 shows a cylinder pair cooperating for one mass 22 wherein the cylinder pair pushing off from anchor point A towards the first push-off bar at different stages 6.1 to 6.6. The push-off means comprise a second pneumatic storage tank 35, in which the compressor keeps the second storage tank under pressure, and a third pneumatic storage tank 36. The right cylinders and the second and third storage tanks are herein pneumatically connected as follows:

- The second storage tank 35 is in pneumatic communication with an upper chamber 27 of the right cylinder via a first operable valve V1;

- The upper chamber 27 of the right cylinder is connected to the ambient air via a second operable valve V2;

- The third storage tank 36 is connected to the upper chamber 27 of the right cylinder via a third operable valve V3;

- The third storage tank 36 is connected to the lower chamber 28 of the right cylinder via a fourth controllable valve V4;

- The third storage tank 36 is in communication via a non-return valve 34 with the lower chamber 28 of the right cylinder, such that an air flow can take place unobstructed from the lower chamber 28 to the third storage tank 36 and an air flow from the third storage chamber to the lower chamber 28 is blocked;

- The third storage tank 36 is provided with an overpressure valve for limiting the compressed air pressure in the third storage tank 36 to approximately 2/3 of the compressed air pressure in the second storage tank 35; the second storage tank 35 is in communication with an upper chamber 27 of the left cylinder via a first operable valve V6, the upper chamber 27 of the left cylinder is in communication with the ambient air via a second operable valve V7, the third storage tank 36 is in communication with the upper chamber 27 of the left cylinder via a third operable valve V8, the third storage tank 36 is in pneumatic communication with the lower chamber 28 of the left cylinder via a fourth operable valve V9, the lower chamber 28 of the left cylinder is in pneumatic communication with the ambient air via a fifth operable valve V10, in which the push-off means are arranged stage 6.1 : for retracting the pair of cylinders by injecting the upper chamber 27 of the cylinders under pressure with compressed air from the second storage tank 35 by opening the first operable valve V1 and second operable valve V6, wherein the second valve V2, third valve V3, fourth valve V4, seventh valve V7, eighth valve V8 and ninth valve V9 are closed, stage 6.2: for subsequently blowing off the upper chamber 27 of the right cylinder by opening the third operable valve V3 and closing the first operable valve V1, after which the pressure in the upper chamber 27 of the cylinder and in the third storage tank 36 is equal, and stage 6.3: for simultaneous blowing off of the upper chamber 27 of the left cylinder by opening the eighth operable valve V8 and closing the sixth operable valve V6, after which the pressure in the upper chamber 27 of the right cylinder and in the third storage tank 36 is equal, stage 6.4: for subsequently bringing the upper chamber 27 of the right cylinder to atmospheric pressure by opening the second operable valve V2 and closing the third operable valve V3 and simultaneously bringing the upper chamber 27 of the left cylinder to atmospheric pressure by opening the seventh operable valve V7 and closing of the eighth operable valve V8, and the push-off means are arranged stage 6.5: for pushing out the right cylinder by opening the fourth operable valve V4, in which the first and third operable valve V3 are closed and the second operable valve V2 is opened, for pushing out the left cylinder by opening the ninth operable valve V9, in which the sixth valve V6, the eighth valve V8 and tenth valve V5 are closed and the seventh valve V7 is opened, stage 6.6 : for subsequently closing the fourth operable valve V4 when the right cylinder is pushed out and closing the ninth valve V9 and opening the tenth valve when the left cylinder is pushed out.

Because the pressure of the third storage tank is hardly increased (because the third storage tank has a large volume compared to the volume of the upper chamber of the cylinder), the upper chamber can inject the pressurized compressed air in the upper chamber with equal force into the third storage tank.

The flywheel assembly shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, also referred to as flywheel infrastructure, with three movable working masses as an example, with which the external energy is added to the working masses of a flywheel successively by means of a primary movement with potential energy, thereby also displacing the push-up of the working mass at a distance within the flywheel.

Where the potential energy multiplies sequentially with indirect connections by gravity alternated at push-off point positions through a rigid connection that is created by overloading on the downstream side within the last ± 60 degrees of arc of the flywheel and can be converted into kinetic energy and through the rigid infrastructure with no load on the ascending side of the flywheel.

The external energy can be captured up to approximately 50% in an intermediate storage space that is integrated in a ring conduit system and managed from thereof by means of valves on the cylinders, whereby the collected compressed air is used at the right time in the right position to interrupt the rigid connection by means of the needle element on the ascending side at the last ± 40 degrees of arc at the top of the flywheel and together with the in the meantime indirect connections by means of gravity alternated at push-off point positions within a flywheel infrastructure converted into kinetic energy and converted again by means of a generator, of which a part is reused by means of the compressor for the successive primary movement and for consumption.

This revolutionary flywheel structure to use gravity combined with compressed air from the environment to make energy accessible everywhere 24/7, has achieved its ultimate goal by being able to capture part of the external energy intermediate and deliver it at the right time and at the correct position for the needle element, with which the thrust over 180 degrees of loaded arc over the downward side of the 'flywheel' can be realized with a high efficiency.

The part called the 'injection push-pull retraction needle shaft connection' or needle describes all its functions. The needle is the part that allows the needle element to be arranged on the shaft of the cylinder which has a rigid connection via the cylinder at the inertial push-off point position A. The needle can be adjusted by means of the threaded connection to the correct height relative to the push-up needle shaft at the push-up position relative to the second push-off bar. The needle push-off ring can be arranged on the needle through the threaded connection and the desired clearance can be adjusted on the bottom and top of the push-up needle shaft, wherein the 'push-up needle axis' can slide over the 'bronze sliding sleeve'.

The needle element consists of several parts; 'needle', 'bronze sliding sleeve', 'needle push-off ring' and the 'push-up needle shaft' with which it pivotally contacts the lever construction, at the height where the 'bronze sliding sleeve' is positioned the 'push-up needle shaft' is locked-in, whereby the 'needle' keep a free clearance. In this example Figure 3 the 'needle' runs through the 'push-up needle axis'. However, the 'needle' can also run through, both outer sides and enclose the push-up needle shaft and lock it in with the required free clearance.

The rigid connection (in which with excessive force the lever construction is twisted during the ascending side and clamped in the flywheel change or move as a result the pushup forces on the push-off point positions.

Push-off point positions are the indirect fixed connection points via the lever construction of the working mass to the rotating part of the flywheel.

The flywheel assembly according to Figure 1 and Figure 2 has four push-off point positions with their own rigid mounting position on the central drive shaft 1.3. The inertial push-off point position A(10) is coupled with a rigid mounting to the central drive shaft 1.3 in the flywheel 1.2, to which a first end of the cylinder is directly coupled. The needle 1 is arranged on the second, displaceable end of the cylinder, on which the push-up needle shaft 3 is located between the needle push-off ring 8 over the bronze sliding sleeve 2, with which the push-up needle shaft 3 can make contact via the needle-line length 16. push-off bar 14. The push-off bar 14 is coupled via a rigid connection to the push-off point position B(11) which is also coupled with a rigid mounting to the central drive shaft 1.3 in the flywheel 1.2.

The primary movement is used to bridge a distance within push-off point positions of the flywheel with the push-up force of the movable working mass 22 to the four push-off point positions A(10), B(11), C(12) and D(13) and simultaneously add external energy to the flywheel mass which is then converted into potential energy, which happens at the mechanical battery position 10.1 at approximately 110 degrees of arc. The external energy is supplied by using a compressor that indirectly introduces the compressed air via an intermediate storage tank (compressed air battery) or integrated storage space into an ring conduit system, where the compressed air is controlled by means of valves, with which the air enters and exits the cylinder chamber(s).

The push-up needle shaft 3 has indirect contact via the inertial push-off point position A(10) alternately with the push-off bar 14 and with the lever construction, on the outside of which the movable working mass 22 is arranged. The lever construction has indirect contact with the push-off point position C(12) via the hinge ring 15. This push-off point position C(12) is attached to the flywheel on the central drive shaft 1.3 closest to the centre point.

The push-off point position C(12) can be connected directly through the lever construction via the coupling connection point 21 or simultaneously with the push-off point position D(13) when the coupling connection point 21 is not used. This occurs when a rigid connection 17 is created, which is necessary to absorb the used external energy of the primary movement on the upward side of the flywheel 1.2. The rigid connection 17 is created when the force of the compressed air used for the primary movement between the inertial push-off point A(10) and the push-off bar 14 is at a lower position than the mechanical accumulator position 10.1 during rotation from ± >115 degrees of arc, becomes too high with respect to the back pressure of the lever where the push-up needle shaft 3 and push-off bar 14 meet.

As a result, the lever construction clamps and twists, changing and/or displacing the force loads (thrust in tensile load) at the push-off point positions A(10), B(11), C(12) and D(13). The push-off point position C(12) is hereby now loaded by means of the hinge ring 15 and the coupling connecting point 21 and the thrust at the push-off point position D(13) is reversed in tensile load.

Between the inertial push-off point position A(10) and between the push-off point position B(11) a rigid connection is created indirectly via the push-off bar 14 on the downward side of the flywheel 2.1 This rigid connection remains intact without energy/force being present in the cylinder chamber and whereby only due to the force load of the working mass 22 on the ascending side over a rotation circumferential length of ± 180 degrees of arc of the flywheel at the push-off positions B(11) the rigid connection 17 continues to pull and continues to push by means of the direct influence of the hinge ring 15 on the push-off point position C(12), and continues to pull on the push-off point position D(13). With this, contact with the inertial push-off point position A(10) over the 180 degrees of arc on the ascending side is now completely broken.

At the positions on the upward side of the flywheel 1.2, the cylinder can release the compressed air from the cylinder without adverse consequences whereby the rigid connection 17 is maintained and the working mass continues to pull at the push-off positions B(11), to push at the push-off point position C(12), and pulls at the push-off point position D(13).

The used compressed air can now be collected up to ± 50% of its volume with the corresponding force during the venting of the cylinder chamber. The air passes indirectly through a closed ring conduit system with an intermediate (battery) storage space such as a storage tank, which is necessary for the supply of the compressed air with a constant working pressure at the right time and position for the second movement for the needle element.

The second energy transition takes place at the position from ±310 to ±>5 degrees of arc, using the collected compressed air for the indirect movement by means of the needle element. The force of the movable working mass 22 on the ascending side between ± 310 to 5 degrees of arc during the rotation at the top of the flywheel therefore simultaneously pushups over the 'indication dotted line working mass at the push-off position C (12.1) via the extension arm construction at push-off point position C(12), which is on the descending side below the centre point 1.3 of the flywheel.

In this case, a retraction movement of the needle element with the needle push-off ring 8 from the inertial push-off point position A(10) interrupts the contact with the push-off bar 14 and the rigid infrastructure line 17 and at the moment that the indirectly coupled working mass 22 inside the flywheel 1.2 reaches the position of ± 10 degrees of arc. The load on the push-off point position C(12) is thereby lifted and the working mass starts to push again on the push-off point position A(10) and D(13). The cycle of the alternating forces at the push- off point positions is then the same as in the start-up phase.

To enable the rigid connection 17 necessary to absorb the used external energy on the ascending side of the flywheel 1.2, the push-off bar 14 is coupled with a rigid connection at a distance from the push-off point position B(11).

The second push-off bar 14.1 has a rigid connection at some distance with, for example, the push-off point position B(11). The push-off point position D(13) which has its position at 306 degrees of arc from the centre of the flywheel 1.2, when the associated working mass is at 0 degrees of arc, can be positioned at any position in the direction and up to the position of the coupling connection point 21 , wherein the coupling connection point 21 is completely replaced by the push-off point position D(13).

The three movable working masses 22 used in the flywheel assembly of Figure 1 each indirectly have alternating or constant contact with one or more push-off point positions A(10), B(11), C. (12), D(13) indirectly via a fixed rigid connection on the outside of a lever construction. During a resulting rigid connection 17, push-off positions C(12) and D(13) are connected to each other by means of the hinge ring 15 integrated in the lever construction and are also in alternating contact with the other push-off point positions A(10), B(11) via the push-up needle axis 3 of the needle element according to Figures 3 and 4 through the lever construction.

The mass of the flywheel assembly is the total mass with which the rotating infrastructure, including the working masses 22, is constructed.

The primary motion is used in the first place to charge the external energy into a flywheel mass, converting the external energy into potential energy. This conversion takes place at the mechanical battery position 10.1 , around approximately 110 degrees of arc on the protractor 23. Because the force at the inertial push-off point position A is lower than the opposing resistance at the push-off point on the lever construction and by means of the thrust from the cylinder the flywheel displaces in the direction of rotation 20.

The external energy is supplied by a compressor that indirectly forces the compressed air through an intermediate storage tank or integrated storage space into a ring conduit system, where the compressed air is passed through valves to the compressed air cylinder chamber of each cylinders.

The cylinder is coupled with a rigid connection at the inertial push-off point position A(10) to the central drive shaft 1.3 and is coupled via the needle element to the needle 1 by means of threads 7 on the shaft of the cylinder and can press against the push-off bar 14 by means of the push-up needle shaft 3 of the needle element over the length of the needle line length 16.

The primary movement is used in the second place to bridge a distance within the flywheel assembly using the push-up forces, by means of the movable working mass 22 which through different heights, alternately load the four push-off point positions A(10), B(11), load C(12) and D(13) with alternating potential energy differences indirectly by means of the lever construction via the needle element,. The flywheel assembly enables the movable working masses 22 to make the curve movement of 360 degrees of arc while maintaining substantially the same distance from the centre 1.3 of the flywheel.

The needle element is an indispensable element to charge the external energy that is generated by the primary movement on the mechanical battery position 10.1 into a working mass of the flywheel and thereby convert it into potential energy, whereby to this external energy gravitational energy is added by means of the resulting rigid connection 17, to which the flywheel reacts within a fraction of a second by accelerating the flywheel.

The rigid connection 17 is created because the pushed out cylinder on the downward side of the flywheel 1.2 causes the lever construction to press indirectly via push-up needle shaft 3 against the push-off bar 14 with too much force, whereby tensile stress will arise at the push-off point position B(11).

This occurs over the last 65 degrees of arc on the descending side of the flywheel 1.2 in the direction of rotation 20, when the force of the compressed air used for the primary external energy motion becomes too great between the inertial push-off point position A(10) and the opposite push-off bar 14. This will happen if a working mass is located at a lower position than the mechanical battery position 10.1 (Figure 1) on the protractor 23 and exceeds ± 115 degrees of arc of the protractor 23, causing an overload and causes the lever construction to twist and to become wedged between the push-up needle shaft 3 and the push-off bar 14, because at push-off point positions of the flywheel structure the resistance of the movable working mass 22 becomes increasingly smaller at the push-off point positions A(10), B(11) and D(13). The lower the working mass 22 enters the flywheel 1.2, the smaller the resistance. This is smallest at ± 5 and 185 degrees of arc.

Due to the rigid connection 17, the compressive load (gravitation) of the movable working mass 22 on the flywheel assembly on the descending and ascending sides becomes equal, since all working masses 22 are proportionally spaced apart. In this application with 3 movable working masses 22, the working mass(es) 22 on the ascending side will no longer have contact with the inertial push-off point position A(10) and the flywheel assembly will be able to stop stationary at two fixed positions within the protractor 23, which is necessary for starting and stopping the flywheel 1.2.

Due to the resulting rigid connection 17 at ±>115 degrees of arc, the succeeding movable working mass 22 within the flywheel assembly acquires a resistance-bridging rotational length of ±>120 degrees of arc. When 3 working masses are used in the flywheel, the flywheel can discharge its kinetic energy through a secondary system (generator). The rotational speed of the flywheel will not decrease, as long as the decrease (discharge) remains within the capacity of the production. The rigid connection 17 will remain without energy/force in the cylinder, but only with the force of the working mass 22 on the ascending side over a rotational circumferential length of ± 180 degrees of arc of the flywheel. The rigid connection 17 continues to pull and push on the push-off positions B(11) by means of the direct influence of the hinge ring 15 on the push-off point position C(12), and continues to pull on the push-off point position D(13). The contact with the inertial push-off point position A(10) is hereby now completely broken.

At the positions on the upward side of the flywheel, the cylinder can release the compressed air from the cylinder without adverse consequences, the rigid connection 17 remaining. The working mass continues to pull at the push-off positions B(11), push at the push-off point position C(12), and pull at the push-off point position D(13).

The used compressed air can now be collected up to ± 50 % of the corresponding force during the venting of the cylinder chamber on the ascending side of the flywheel 1.2. The collected air goes indirectly via a closed ring conduit system to an intermediate storage space, such as a tank.

Storing the collected air is necessary to use the air at the right time and position with a constant working pressure for the second movement for the needle element, consisting of the needle 1 , the push-up needle shaft 3, the bronze sliding sleeve 2 and the needle push- off ring 8.

The absorbed external energy, in the form of collected air, can be used to accelerate the working mass 22 by means of the needle element which is indirectly coupled via the lever construction to the movable working mass 22 and to collect it again at the top of the flywheel 1.2. Optimally, 50% of the captured energy is converted into kinetic energy and added to the lever construction of the flywheel assembly.

The second energy transition takes place at the position from ±310 to ±>5 degrees of arc, using the collected compressed air for the indirect movement by means of the needle element. This allows the force of the movable working mass 22 on the ascending side between ± 310 to 5 degrees of arc during the rotation at the top of the flywheel to push simultaneously over the 'indication dotted line working mass at the push-off position C (12.1) via the extension arm construction at push-off point position C(12), which is on the descending side below the centre point 1.3 of the flywheel.

Furthermore a retraction movement of the needle element with the needle push-off ring 8 beginning at the inertial push-off point position A(10) interrupts the contact with the push-off bar 14 and the rigid infrastructure line 17 and at the moment that the indirectly coupled working mass 22 inside the flywheel 1.2 arrives at the position of ± 10 degrees of arc. The load on the push-off point position C(12) is thereby lifted and the working mass starts to push again on the push-off point position A(10) and D(13). The cycle of the alternating forces at the push-off point positions is then again the same as in the start-up phase.

The needle push-off ring 8 is placed on the outside of the needle 1 by means of a threaded connection 7 and can therewith be used to determine the distance of the free clearance 25 of the push-up needle shaft 3 over the bronze sliding sleeve.

Since in the last 40 degrees of arc the resistance of the coupled lever construction is low and becomes progressively lower up to the top of the flywheel assembly (push-off point positions) of the flywheel, all absorbed force is optimally added to the flywheel during rotation of the working masses as kinetic energy.

To prevent the load from being interrupted/removed at the push-off point position C(12) at the moment when the indirect coupled working mass 22 within the flywheel 1.2 has reached the top of the flywheel 1.2 at the position of ± >7 degrees of arc, and the load on the push-off point load C(12) wants to naturally fall back to push-off point position D(13), the load on the push-off point position C(12) is maintained by placing a second push-off bar 14.1 directly slightly above the push-up position 4 of the needle 1.

As a result, the push-up needle shaft 3 with the coupled needle push-off ring 8 will put the force of the working mass 22 indirectly place against/at the push-off position with which the second push-off bar 14.1 is coupled with a rigid connection over a distance to the second anchor position B(11) and prevents it from returning far enough. As a result, the push-off position D(13) is not subjected to thrust, but still remains subject to tensile force.

The push-up needle shaft 3 can absorb the push-up force of the movable working mass 22 indirectly via the lever construction on the second push-off bar 14.1 at the position of ± 10 degrees of arc, whereby the tensile stress remains at the push-off point position D(13) and the working mass push-off point position C(12) is indirectly loaded with the force of the movable working mass over 360 degrees of arc.

Before starting up the flywheel 1.2, the volume in the intermediate storage tank (compressed air battery) is set to the desired amount of pressure using external energy (force) to realize 10 times the primary (first) movement on the mechanical battery position 11. This allows the energy cycle of the mentioned energy transitions to start.

Before starting up the flywheel 1.2, the volume in the intermediate storage tank (compressed air battery) with the reusable (collected) air is set to the desired amount of pressure with the working pressure (force) required for the second pull with the needle push- off ring 8 on the push-up needle shaft 3. When stopping and starting the flywheel 1.2, this working pressure for the secondary movement is kept constant by collecting the external energy used. Because the movements within a meter in height of light working mass 22 and heavy working mass 22 are virtually the same, the flywheel 1.2 can be used for small flywheel systems (of 48 Ampere hours) and for large industrial systems.

The movements affecting the descending side (with drive) have much more force than the movements affecting the ascending side. This is because the lever construction has been extended indirectly via hinge point 21 to anchor position D(13). In case of imbalance, the use of both anchor position C(12) and D(13) ensures that hinge point 21 has become stable. The hinge point 21 is hereby clamped rigidly against the central drive shaft and the force remains centred on hinge point 21.

The flywheel assembly has two rotational start-up positions, requiring separate functional movement. This movement takes place on the descending side at ± 150 degrees of arc and on the ascending side from ± 330 degrees of arc.

This movement creates a functional thrust over ± 60 degrees of arc, whereby a second movement is always sequentially created without control with one of the other applied working masses. This second movement takes place due to gravitational action and engages the hinge system again. Rotating the working mass over the top or along the underside of the flywheel assembly extends the rotation by an additional 60 degrees of arc.

Figures 7, 8, 9A, 9B and 10 show the pneumatic cylinder 160 with push-up means, which is preferably used as an alternative to cylinder 16.

The cylinder 160 with push-up means consists, among other things, of:

38. Cylinder closing cover with elevation or internal bumper 38A with open feed 50 for liquid or compressed air;

39. Spring Groove

40. First piston boundary or piston push-off seal ring at the bottom with connection for supply liquid or compressed air 50;

41. Compression spring

42. Second sleeve or Cylinder sleeve housing

43. First sleeve or Sliding sleeve for cylinder sleeve housing

44. Piston

45. Second piston boundary or cylinder mounting cover with connection for liquid or compressed air with feed and seal sliding ring for the cylinder shaft

46. Seal sliding ring

47. Cylinder shaft

48. adjustable spacing means or connecting spacer bolts

49. Mounting holes for the connecting spacer bolts 48

50. Feed for liquid or compressed air

51. Open recess intended for feed-through supply 50 52. Push-up position on the bumper of the cylinder closing cover 38

Figure 7 shows a side view of the pneumatic cylinder 160 with push-up means without a cylinder housing, in which the pneumatic cylinder 160 is in the highest displaced position with the piston 44 abutting the mounting cover 45 .

Figure 8 shows a side view of the pneumatic cylinder 160 with push-up means with cylinder housing, formed by first sleeve 43 and second sleeve 42, in which the pneumatic cylinder 160 is in the highest displaced position with the piston 44 abutting the elevation 38A of the closing cover. The spring 41 is herein compressed by the piston.

Figure 9A shows a side view of the pneumatic cylinder 160 in which the spacing means 48 are illustratively set apart.

Figure 9B shows a top view of the closure cover 38 as seen from the cylinder chamber.

Figure 10A shows a top or bottom view of the first piston boundary 40.

Figure 10B shows a side view of the pneumatic cylinder 160 with push-up means without cylinder housing, in which the feed 50 is shown.

As mentioned above, the cylinder 16 as shown in figures 1-6 is preferably replaced by a cylinder 160 comprising push-up means. Similar to cylinder 16, cylinder 160 has a threaded connection 7 for mounting the needle element to the shaft of cylinder 160. The first end of cylinder 160 is directly coupled via cylinder closure cover 38 to the inertial push-up point position A(10). The cylinder 160 with push-up means comprises a piston 44, which is movable in a cylinder sleeve 42. The piston 44 is fixedly connected at a first end to threaded connection 7. The cylinder sleeve 42 is fixedly connected at a first end to cylinder mounting cover 45.

The cylinder 160 with push-up means is arranged at the inertial push-off point position (10, A), as shown in Figure 1 , on the underside of the cylinder closing cover 38. The second end of the cylinder has a fixed connection with the push-up needle shaft 3 via the threaded connection 7 .

The cylinder with push-up means 160 has a sliding sleeve 43. The first piston boundary moves in the space between the sliding sleeve, whereby approximately 75% of the pushing force can be absorbed in the compression spring (41).

The cylinder closing cover (38) and the piston push-off seal ring (40) are provided with a spring groove 39. This holds the compression spring (41) in its position.

When the compression spring (41) is overloaded, the piston (44) rests on the bumper (52) of the cylinder closing cover (38) and the force of the attached mass (22) pushes of against the inertial push-off position (10.1). the piston makes the primary movement within the second sleeve (42) by means of liquid or compressed air via the supply conduit (50).

The second sleeve (42) has a fixed connection with the cylinder mounting cover (45) and can move back and forth in the first sleeve (43).

The first sleeve (43) has a fixed connection with the cylinder closing cover (38).

The sealing sliding ring (46) ensures that liquid or compressed air cannot escape.

The working distance of the cylinder shaft (47) can be predetermined by the choice of length of the piston (44), the working distance of the compression spring (41) and the height of the connecting spacer bolts (48). This connects the cylinder closing cover (38) and the cylinder mounting cover (45) together by installing the connecting spacer bolts (48) in the mounting holes (53).

By means of the cylinder 160 with push-up means, the external compressed air required for the primary movement of the attached masses 22 is reduced by approximately 75 to 85%. The reuse method as shown in figure 6 is optimally used here, because a higher working pressure is used during the first primary movement at position (10.1) than during the second corrective movement at the position of approximately 330 degrees of arc. This is because the filled cylinder chamber remains under higher pressure for a longer period of time than the storage of lower pressure tank (36).

Controlling and checking the cylinders 160 with push-up means is much simpler than with a normal cylinder system.

It is also possible to design cylinders 160 with push-up means in a different way, whereby for example, the spring section is arranged separately from the cylinder section and both segments are then connected together by placing the cylinder segment on the top or bottom of the spring segment.

The flywheel assembly according to the invention uses both kinetic and gravitational energy for its rotational movement. To convert mechanical energy into electrical energy an electric generator is used.

The flywheel assembly according to the invention uses for its continuous rotation:

Change of contact point

Equal energy used for movement

Energy used for height displacement

The flywheel assembly according to the invention doesn’t operate without use of external energy. The inventive flywheel assembly itself, without external supply would stay in position that is shown in Figure 11. To start the rotation, it is necessary to change anchor position 10 and 3 on two arms, using pneumatic cylinders. This is only external energy that is used for the improved flywheel assembly to operate. The change of contact point or anchor position is one of the bases of the improved flywheel assembly. It is an effect that takes place within a fraction of a second. The reaction change happens when the air cylinder 160 is filled with compressed ambient air via the lower or upper chamber. Thereby the force of the attached mass on position 22 moves to the anchor point position 10. Anchor point position 10 is the place where the cylinder-spring system 160 is mounted with one direct connection and which is the greatest distance (1.8 x D1) from the center of the improved flywheel assembly. The anchor point position 3 has two direct connection positions and is the closest distance (D1) from the center of rotation of the improved flywheel assembly. Changing anchor points allow the flywheel assembly to move influence of the force generated from the mass 22 on the arms 12.1, which is essential for improved flywheel assembly to rotate.

The movement of the cylinders 160 is not hindered by the centrifugal forces CF on the attached mass 22 since centrifugal force pushes the attached mass 22 outward from the center pivot point, and the movement of the cylinders 160 is normal to it. Hinge movement moves vertically via the cylinders 160 back and forth, alongside the center of the rotating middle point of the improved flywheel assembly. Because of this, during rotation of the improved flywheel assembly, to operate the pneumatic cylinder 160 minimal energy is used.

However, there is an increase of resistance on the cylinder 160 with the kinetic force during acceleration of the attached mass 22. This is necessary for the functioning of the improved flywheel assembly, with which the external energy can be pressed in the direction of rotation of the improved flywheel assembly. Beside this, it also contributes to the change of the contact point 10. This ensures the conservation of this external energy use. If there is no resistance from the attached mass 22, the cylinder 160 would push the arm 12.1 in opposite direction of rotation, causing the system to slow down.

The improved flywheel assembly is stationary when the arms 12.1 are at approximately 330, 100 and 210 degrees, as shown in Figure 11 and 12. This is because the center of gravity of the system is below the imaginary horizontal line which is passing through the center of rotation of the improved flywheel assembly. In order to start rotation of the assembly from the stationary position it is necessary to move the center of gravity above the imaginary horizontal line. This is done by moving each arm 12.1 with the attached mass 22 using the pneumatic cylinders 160. The height displacement of each arm 12.1 with the attached mass 22 is approximately 10 degrees. This displacement of 10 degrees corresponds to a displacement of anchor point 3, which is 75mm. During rotation each arm 12.1 moves two times, at 100 degrees when the cylinder 160 is used to push (P1), and at 330 degrees when the cylinder is used to pull (P2), which makes a total movement of 150mm per one rotation of each arm 12.1. If the assembly used external energy for the whole movement, then the assembly would not have excess energy to supply external devices. However, the improved flywheel assembly uses only 17% of external energy needed for this movement as it only uses external energy to supply the cylinder 160 when it is used to push the arm 12.1. The rest of the movement is done using springs 41 under each cylinder 160 and gravity force. Every cylinder 160 has two air tanks 35, 36. A high pressure tank 35 for pushing the piston 44 and a low pressure tank 36 for pulling the piston 44. Since pulling the arm 12.1 uses approximately 50% less energy than pushing the arm 12.1 , the low pressure tank 36 is filled by compressed air from the high pressure tank so that the compressed air is recycled, which means that the assembly will use only external energy for one movement, and for the other movement the assembly will move the arm using the recycled compressed air. Using this solution, the assembly will reduce its external energy consumption by approximately 83%.

The spring-cylinder (41,160) mechanism is one of the bases of the improved flywheel assembly. Both external energy and recycled energy are used optimally. The springs 41 on the cylinder 160, contribute to:

An optimal push in the correct direction of rotation of the improved flywheel assembly. As a result, no unnecessary compressed air is used. Also, it takes less time to get to the required pressure of the compressed air during rotation.

That a larger portion of the potential energy of the improved flywheel assembly's total mass is high above the imaginary horizontal line which is passing through the center of rotation of the improved flywheel assembly during rotation.

Supplied energy will be used for assembly rotation, and the rest of the energy generated by the rest of the arm movement will be used to preserve the rotation of the improved flywheel assembly and supply external power devices.

It is emphasized that the assembly according to the invention has been thoroughly tested through computer simulations and mathematical calculations. Based on these tests, an actual assembly has been build, which performs as intended.

Finally, the applicant wishes to emphasize that all pneumatic components of the flywheel assembly can be replaced by equivalent hydraulic components. Naturally, all references to compressed air should be replaced by hydraulic fluid and pneumatic connection means replaced by hydraulic connection means.