AN INDIVIDUAL TYPE AIR DUCT HEATING/COOLING SYSTEM Technical Area

The invention relates to an individual type air-handling unit manufactured in a single body, which can be operated with at least two different sources of energy (electric and combustion fuel).

In particular, the invention relates to an individual type air duct heating/cooling system that operates with electrical and/or combustion fuel to meet the need for fresh air in the spaces.

Background of the Invention Producing, distributing and consuming the heat in the same independent section for providing heat and supplying hot water in houses is called individual heating. In the case of central heating systems, heat generation and distribution for the same purposes is made centrally outside the independent sections, while the heat consumption takes place within the independent sections. Examples of individual heating devices are combi boilers, room heaters, stoves, fireplaces, water heaters and thermo siphons. Combi boilers, which are known as the most commonly used heating devices, are used to provide space heating and hot water supply.

In cases where the standard plate heat exchanger in the boiler is not sufficient for the comfort of hot water, it is possible to use hot water storing combi boilers having comfort-type plate heat exchanger, combi boilers with integrated boiler or combinations of heating device and boiler.

Air conditioners are generally used for cooling systems. Air conditioners use the three basic physics rules to perform the cooling process. The first is the heat transfer. As is known, the object at two different temperatures transmits its temperature to the other object, from the warm one to the cold one until it is at the same temperature.

The second rule of physics is the phase change of liquids. The substances are in 3 phases as solid, liquid and gas. The solid substance is transformed to firstly liquid and then to the gas as it is heated.

The third physics rule is that the boiling points of liquids change with pressure. The more pressure is applied to a liquid, the greater the boiling point raises.

Air conditioners carry out the cooling process by means of a chemical refrigerant. The reason for the use of special refrigerant agent is that the boiling point of this agent is very low and it can be boiled and converted to gas by evaporating at very low temperatures. This refrigerant is subjected to a phase change in the air conditioner to ensure continuous conversion between the gas and liquid states. With this continuous transformation, air conditioners blow cold air.

Individual users have to use separate systems to meet their heating and cooling needs.

There is no hybrid device design in existing systems; there are systems that have direct gas burners (robur) and which heat the air and send them into the space by using the fans or systems providing hot water for radiators and for domestic water. There is waste gas mixture that will negatively affect the comfort air in the direct gas burner devices. In the radiant heaters, it cannot be used to condition the flow of air as it is heated in the form of radiation.

While these systems can condition air in one way, they do not use different energy sources and cannot provide cost advantages in the usage side and modulations.

The patent application TR 2016 14688 in the literature states:“This hybrid type heat pump can be used for all processes in which air-conditioning heating is cooling, and has been developed for use in HVAC systems such as hospitals, hotels, restaurants, shopping malls, trade fairs, cultural centers. At the same time, the said hybrid type heat pump is used in the sectors such as hot water production for fabric dyeing in textile industry, wood drying, fruit drying processes, tea drying systems, chocolate making, cheese and buttermilk production processes, plastic injection and cooling of plastic mold machine processes, industrial laundry washing processes, heating, cooling and ventilation for industrial poultry livestock such as chicken and turkey, fish production farms, and many other sectors. Said hybrid type heat pump is characterized by receiving and industrially using the heat energies in the various sources such as air + water + ground, air + water + wind shaft (system of air flow), air + water + wind shaft + magnetic force (system of air flow), air + water + ground + magnetic force, air + ground + magnetic force, air + ground + magnetic force + wind shaft (system of air flow), air + water + ground + magnetic force + wind shaft (having air flow system).”

Heating cooling system using industrial heating is provided in the aforementioned application.

The patent application TR 2015 06189 in the literature discloses: “The invention relates to a heating, cooling and air conditioning system assembly wherein water that is condensed through the dried air is pressurized with a water pressurizing pump and vaporized at the return air outlet with reduced relative humidity which is sprayed by the Corona needle by loading static electricity by the effect of corona discharge fed by the electric current; and the sensible temperature of the air is reduced, the air drawn from the space by taking heat from the air is blown towards the front side and is drawn from the space by the heat drawn from the air and blown out (as being in the fan task), the positively charged water vapor from the air and the negatively charged water vapor from the air are drawn into the negative electric field and positive electric field formed in the wall of the air conditioning body, and the air vapor enters the return air inlet by separating the water vapor from the air., air flow is generated in two different relative humidity as the part entering the return section being supersaturated air and the conditioned air flow blown to the space being unsaturated air, the excessively saturated air is centrifuged by being passed from the hot side spiral guide blades and cold side spiral guide blades and separated from its liquid particles and collected in the condensed water chamber, and thereby the water vapor in the saturated air is decomposed without increasing the temperature, the excess condensed water is deposited in the deposition chamber and evacuated from the water discharge outlet.”

In the aforementioned application, there is provided a heating-cooling system using air and water vapor as refrigerant. For the reasons mentioned above, a new individual type air duct heating/cooling system has been needed.

Disclosure of the Invention

The object of the invention is to provide a novel individual type air duct heating/cooling system, which eliminates the disadvantages of the present invention. A further object of the invention is to provide a structure that provides the need for fresh air in the exclusively used houses.

A further object of the invention is to provide an advantageous structure for use costs by hybrid working conditions.

A further object of the invention is to provide a side structure with cost advantages and different usage modulations.

A further object of the invention is to provide a structure with the highest efficiency through a compact system.

A further object of the invention is to provide an individual air handling unit with a high-energy efficiency and operating with a gas and electric system. A further object of the invention is to provide air blowing heating and cooling devices, which can work as monoblock and with two different energy sources in accordance with the domestic use capacity and conditions.

A further object of the invention is to provide an ease of installation and a compact and space-saving structure. A further object of the invention is to provide a structure for increasing the efficiency of the device by supporting the air conditioning with the combustion device while being in heating mode and by heating the domestic water with waste energy while being in cooling mode.

A further object of the invention is to provide a structure for reducing the cost of use by swiftly switching between one another by taking into account the cost advantage of the combustion device and the DX system.

Explanation of figures

Figure 1 is a representation of a 100% space air cycle (for heating) of an individual type air duct heating/cooling system according to the invention. Figure 2 is a representation of a 100% space air cycle (for cooling) of an individual type air duct heating/cooling system according to the invention.

Figure 3 is a representation of 100% fresh air cycle (for heating) of an individual type air duct heating/cooling system according to the invention.

Figure 4 is a representation of 100% fresh air cycle (for cooling) of an individual type air duct heating/cooling system according to the invention.

Figure 5 is a representation of the mixing air cycle (for heating) of an individual type air duct heating/cooling system according to the invention.

Figure 6 is a representation of the mixing air cycle (for cooling) of an individual type air duct heating/cooling system according to the invention. Figure 7 is a representation of the heating scenario of an individual type air duct heating/cooling system according to the invention.

Figure 8 is a representation of the cooling scenario of an individual type air duct heating/cooling system according to the invention. Reference Numbers

A- Individual Type Air Duct Heating/cooling System (+) Hot Fluid

(-) Cold Fluid

(0) Ambient fluid

1. Heat Recovery Device

2. Combustion Device

3. Boiler

4. Compressor

5. Automation Panel

6. First Serpentine

7. Fan

8. Exhaust Air Suction Hole

9. Fresh Air Suction Hole

10. Exhaust Throw Hole

11. Space Suction Hole

12. Space Throw Hole

13. Second Serpentine

14. Heating serpentine Detailed Description of the Invention

In this detailed description, the novelty according to the invention is explained by examples having any limiting effect for a better understanding of the subject.

The invention is an individual type air duct heating/cooling/ conditioning system (A), which operates by electricity and/or combustion fuel, which also meets the need for fresh air in the spaces, characterized in that the system comprises a heat recovery device (1 ) which is positioned as a component reducing the cost of use on user side by providing energy efficiency in the cases that the mixture or fresh air is used, a flaming combustion device (2) that meets hot water need, a boiler (3) which is positioned as an isolated water tank to provide hot domestic water and which supplies hot water by means of a flaming combustion device (2) or a hot fluid (+) coming out of compressor (4), a compressor (4) which compresses cooling fluid (-) therein and increases pressure and temperature of cooling fluid (-), a first serpentine (6) and a second serpentine (13) which provide a phase change of fluid through heat transfer, a fan (7) that can operate in sensitive ranges, is small in size, and minimizes maintenance and electricity costs over the lifetime, reduces or increases ambient temperature, and a heating serpentine (14) through which hot fluid (+) is passed for heating the air.

Figure 1 shows the representation of a 100% space air cycle (for heating) of an individual type air duct heating/cooling system (A) according to the invention.

This is the case when the fans (7) and the combustion device (2) are active and the cooling cycle is deactivated. It is used only to ventilate the space and keep the current air at the same temperature.

Figure 2 shows the representation of a 100% space air cycle (for cooling) of an individual type air duct heating/cooling system (A) according to the invention.

This operating condition is the case when the fans (7) are only active and the cooling cycle is activated. It is used only to ventilate the space and keep the current air at the same temperature. Figure 3 shows the representation of 100% fresh air cycle (for heating) of an individual type air duct heating/cooling system (A) according to the invention.

In this operating condition, the fresh air requirement is met and a significant portion of the lost energy is recovered by the heat recovery device (1 ). It is preferred in all the conditions such as summer, winter and season transitions. Considering the use costs, the device works with combustion device (2) or air conditioner system or both at the same time and works on the climate scenarios based on the most cost effective environment.

Figure 4 shows a representation of 100% fresh air cycle (for cooling) of an individual type air duct heating/cooling system (A) according to the invention.

In this operating condition, the fresh air requirement is met and a significant portion of the lost energy is recovered by the heat recovery device (1 ). It is preferred in all the conditions such as summer, winter and season transitions. Considering the use costs, the device works with combustion device (2) or air conditioner system or both at the same time and works on the climate scenarios based on the most cost effective environment. While the air conditioner is running for the summer period, energy saving is provided by storing the hot water in the boiler (3) while discharging the heat load in the first serpentine (6) in the cooling cycle.

Figure 5 shows a representation of the mixing air cycle (for heating) of an individual type air duct heating/cooling system (A) according to the invention.

In this operating condition, the combustion device (2), the air conditioning and the boiler (3) work together. When starting the heating, the first start-up process starts on the dx battery with the compressor (4) and continues with the combustion device (2). The combustion device (2), dx or hybrid working scenarios will be followed according to the power required during the operation process

Figure 6 shows the representation of the mixing air cycle (for cooling) of an individual type air duct heating/cooling system (A) according to the invention. This operating condition is the case when the air conditioner and the boiler (3) are operating.

Figure 7 shows the representation of the heating scenario of an individual type air duct heating/cooling system (A) according to the invention.

It is the case where the hot water coming from said combustion device (2) feeds the heating serpentine (14). In case of need in the operating scenario, the air conditioning system also supports heating as a variable.

Figure 8 shows the representation of the cooling scenario of an individual type air duct heating/cooling system according to the invention.

In the cooling operation performed by the air-conditioning system, the first serpentine (6) with a 4-way valve and the cooling working as evaporator transmits the heat load on the second serpentine (13) to the domestic water (3) and provides an advantage for the use cost.

The individual type air duct heating/cooling system (A) according to the invention comprises a heat recovery device (1 ) which is positioned as a component reducing the cost of use on the user side by providing energy efficiency in the cases that the mixture or fresh air is used, a flaming combustion device (2) which meets the hot water need, a boiler (3) which is positioned as an isolated water tank to provide hot domestic water and which supplies hot water by means of a flaming combustion device (2) or a hot fluid (+) coming out of the compressor (4), a compressor (4) which compresses the cooling fluid (-) therein and increases its pressure and temperature, an automation panel (5), which optimizes the efficient operation mode with its specific features of the operation scenario, provides feedback to the user by creating error reports, a first serpentine (6) and a second serpentine (13) which provides a phase change of the fluid through heat transfer, a fan that can operate in sensitive ranges, is small in size, and minimizes maintenance and electricity costs over the lifetime, reduces or increases the ambient temperature (7), and a heating serpentine (14) through which hot fluid (+) is passed for heating the air, an exhaust air suction hole (8) for allowing the waste air in said air duct heating/cooling system (A) to be sucked, a fresh air suction hole (9) which allows fresh air to enter into said air duct heating/cooling system (A), an exhaust throw hole (10) which allows the waste air in said air duct heating/cooling system (A) to be thrown out, a suction hole (11 ) which allows the air in the space to be sucked (11 ), a space throw hole (12) which enables hot, cold or clean air to be optionally given to the space, a heating serpentine (14) through which hot fluid (+) is passed for heating air.

As indicated in the figures, (+) shows the hot fluid, (-) shows the cold fluid, and (0) shows the ambient fluid. Said fluid may be air, gas or liquid.

The air duct heating/cooling system (A) according to the invention operates on three different main lines taking into account the winter and seasonal transitions, and can operate in different scenarios such as fresh air, mixture air, and space air cycle according to the air conditioning requirement.

In the summer conditions, the air duct heating/cooling system (A) will go through the use of the compressor (4), mainly the cooling cycle, which provides the domestic water with the waste energy contained in the cold fluid (-) of the cycle in these conditions. In winter conditions, the combustion device (2) provides heating by supplying hot water to the heating serpentines (14).

Hybrid operation range shows its advantage in the transition periods between summer and winter seasons and take into consideration the common points and costs in electricity and gas consumption; and it is a system established on the energy efficiency calculations wherein the gas is used if the gas consumption is advantageous and the electricity is used if the electricity cost is a more suitable solution.

Said fan (7) is a self-coupled motor combination. Automatic controlled dampers are used for optimum fresh and mixing air handling in air inlet and outlet openings (8, 9, 10, 11 , 12). Special filters are positioned before and after said fans (7) to clean and recover air from particles.

Said automation panel (5) is positioned as a control center, which is embedded toward the inside up to 30 cm and accessible from outside the air duct heating/cooling system (A). It is produced as an isolated cabinet and has an exproof feature against electricity and gas leakage. Thanks to the said high efficient heat recovery device (1 ), the air duct heating/cooling system (A) is reinforced for its energy efficiency and compatibility with the regulations, and it provides electricity saving when it is air-conditioned with mixture or fresh air. When feeding the heating serpentine (14) in the heating mode of the hybrid air- handling unit, it provides additional feed in case that the collected hot water in the boiler (3) does not meet the need due to the disposal of the load in the first serpentine (6) under the summer operating conditions.

While the cold fluid (-) is discharging heat load in the first serpentine (6), the water in the boiler (3) is heated with this waste energy. This prevents extra cost for hot water for shower and kitchen.

Thanks to the use of the inverter compressor (4), the scenario that will be advantageous for the cycle during the cooling process is being prepared. It also saves energy thanks to variable current draw. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, said combustion device (2) is a combi boiler or a solid/liquid fuel operated device.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, said fan (7) is EC (Electronic Commutation) fan.

In different embodiments of the invention, said fan (7) can be DC (Direct Current) or AC (Alternative Fan).