FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to ink-jet receivers and a method of making ink-jet receivers. More particularly, the invention is concerned with improved ink-receiving layers having rapid ink uptake and ink dry time characterised by reduced smudge and high humidity keep as well as a glossy finish. More specifically, the present invention is concerned with an ink-jet receiver having a porous underlayer.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Ink-jet receivers are generally classified in one of two categories according to whether the principal component material forms a layer that is "porous" or "non-porous" in nature. Many commercial photo-quality porous receivers are made using a relatively low level of a polymeric binder to lightly bind inorganic particles together to create a network of interstitial pores which absorb ink by capillary action. These receivers can appear to dry immediately after printing. However, relatively thick layers are usually required, sometimes as much as 50 μm, to provide sufficient fluid capacity. As the component materials are relatively dense, large masses of material are needed and the layers are often prone to cracking and brittleness. Furthermore, porous receivers often suffer from lack of stability to atmospheric ozone and have poor light stability. Non-porous receivers are made up of polymeric layers that are capable of absorbing relatively large amounts of ink by molecular diffusion. The main problem with this type of receiver is that the diffusion process is relatively slow and the receivers can take a considerable time before they appear dry. Once dry, however, printed images are often stable when subject to light and ozone. Hybrid receivers are receivers that have a degree of porosity, to enable the printed image to dry more quickly than typical non-porous receivers, and a partially swellable polymeric nature to allow the ink to be absorbed by molecular diffusion to a degree thereby providing at least some atmospheric and light stability to the printed image. Typically such hybrid receivers suffer from a combination of the disadvantages of porous and non-porous receivers, only less acutely. US-A-5660928 discloses an ink-jet receiver having a first layer (or support) having coated thereon a second layer comprising from 25-70% of a latex polymer and from 25-60% of hydrophilic silica, the second layer having coated thereon a third layer comprising a water soluble cationic polymer such as amide epichlorohydrin copolymer. The ink-jet receivers formed showed reduced bleed and feathering as compared with prior art receivers. US-A-6514601 discloses an ink-jet recording element having a fast dry-time and good image quality comprising a support and an image-receiving layer, which image-receiving layer comprises greater than 90% by weight of particles (e.g. silica) and less than 10% of binder (e.g. polyvinyl alcohol) and sufficient surfactant to minimise foaming of the coating composition. Optionally, there can be two layers coated onto the support: the base layer functioning as a sump for ink solvent and comprising greater than 90% by weight particles (e.g. calcium carbonate) and less than 10% binder (e.g. polyvinyl alcohol); and the top layer holding the ink and comprising of, for example, alumina and polyvinyl alcohol as binder. US-A-6641875 discloses an ink-jet recording element comprising a support having thereon a porous receiving layer which comprises greater than or equal to 50% by weight of particles (preferably 80-90%), which particles comprise a mixture of inorganic particles having an average diameter of 7-40 nm (up to 500 nm aggregate) and colloidal particles having an average diameter of 20-500 nm, and less than 20% by weight of a binder such as polyvinyl alcohol. It is stated that the element preferably comprises a support having the above mentioned layer coated thereon as a base layer and coated on the base layer an image-receiving layer, which image-receiving layer may comprise fumed alumina or colloidal silica with polyvinyl alcohol as a binder. US-A-6261669 discloses an ink-jet recording medium having an optimal performance within a wide range of humidities and comprising a base substrate (especially polyethylene terephthalate polyester film) having coated thereon a polymeric underlayer comprising from 60-100 weight % of a binder such as polyvinyl alcohol and optionally a mordant, and a surface layer comprising 75-100 weight % inorganic particles, such as silica or alumina. US-A-6110585 discloses an ink-jet receiver comprising a support having coated thereon a layer of cationic mordant (e.g. a quarternary ammonium compound) and optionally a binder (e.g. gelatin), a layer of non-ionic material which may be a cationic/amphoteric material such as polyvinyl alcohol or gelatin, a layer of colloidal silica comprising colloidal silica in an amount of 0.5-5 g/m2 and optionally a binder (e.g. gelatin or polyvinyl alcohol) in an amount of 3-8 g/m2, and a layer providing a hydrophilic overcoat comprising, for example, polyvinyl alcohol. In every embodiment the cationic mordant layer and the colloidal silica layer is separated by a layer of non-ionic material, but either the cationic mordant layer or the colloidal silica layer may be coated directly onto the support. It is stated that the presence of the colloidal silica is believed to prevent bronzing without any negative effect on light fade. It is desirable to form an ink-jet receiver that is capable of rapid ink uptake, that can carry printed images with unproved keep in a range of environmental conditions and which has a glossy surface.

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED BY THE INVENTION It is, therefore, an object of the invention to provide a novel ink-jet receiver which has a rapid uptake of ink, as evidenced by having reduced smudge, which has improved keep and good image stability even at high humidity and which has a glossy surface. It has been found by the present inventor that the objects of the invention can be achieved by providing an ink-jet receiver having a non-porous receiving layer of a swellable polymer material and a sufficiently porous underlayer.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an ink-jet receiver comprising a support, a swellable polymer layer having a laydown of polymer material sufficient to provide a protective environment for an image printed on said receiver and a porous layer, located between the support and the swellable polymer layer, said porous layer having a laydown of material and a degree of porosity sufficient to increase the dry time of ink applied to the ink-jet receiver. In a second aspect ofthe invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing an ink-jet receiver as defined above, which method comprises coating a support with a porous layer having a laydown and degree of porosity sufficient to increase the dry-time of ink applied to the receiver, coating the porous layer with a swellable polymer layer in an amount sufficient to provide a protective environment on said receiver and drying the coated support. In a third aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of a porous material as an underlayer in an ink-jet receiver to reduce the dry time of aJ non-porous receiving layer coated thereabove. In a fourth aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of printing comprising the steps of providing an ink-jet printer capable of responding to digital data signals, providing said printer with ink, providing the printer with an ink-jet receiver as defined above and causing a set of digital data signals, corresponding to a desired printed image, to be sent to said printer.

ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECT OF THE INVENTION The ink-jet receiver according to the invention is capable of absorbing ink at a much greater rate due to having a porous layer beneath the swellable polymer receiver layer thus performing better in the smudge test, whilst having beneficial properties of ozone and light stability and image stability at high humidity and surface gloss at least as good and sometimes better than comparable non-porous receivers.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional Scanning Electron Micrograph (SEM), with 125Ox magnification, of an ink-jet receiver according to the present invention, having a porous layer on a support and a polymer layer coated thereon. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The ink-jet receiver of the present invention, which provides an improved dry-time and smudge resistance as compared with conventional non- porous receivers whilst having comparable ozone and light stability properties and improved high-humidity stability, comprises a porous layer located between a support and a swellable polymer layer, which porous layer has a degree of porosity sufficient to improve the dry-time of the ink-jet receiver. The degree of porosity required to improve the dry time for a particular receiver having a swellable polymer layer, as compared with a similar receiver in the absence of a porous layer, may vary depending upon the nature of the swellable polymer and the thickness of each of the swellable polymer layer and the porous layer. Typically, however, in a preferred embodiment, where the porous layer comprises an inorganic material and a binder, especially a polymeric binder, the presence of the inorganic particulate material in an amount of at least 50%, for example in the range 55-75%, preferably 65% or more and optionally at least 75% by weight of the combined weight of the inorganic particulate material and the polymeric binder will provide the desired degree of porosity in order to put the invention into effect. For example, a porous layer having a porosity of at least 10%, preferably at least 25%, more preferably in the range 30-45% and optionally 50% or more (e.g. from about 60% to about 80%) would be beneficial in providing the improvements demonstrated by the present invention. The receiver according to the present invention is considered to have, typically, a reasonably thick swellable polymer layer, which is capable of acting as a swellable polymer layer rather than as a mere protective polymer supercoat and the porous layer is of a type that would be reasonably effective as a porous receiver in its own right. Preferably, the swellable polymer layer has a laydown of swellable polymer of at least 3 g/m2, for example from at least 5 g/m2, preferably at least 6 g/m2, more preferably in the range of from 7 g/m2 to 15 g/m2, and most preferably from 9 g/m2 to 12 g/m2. Ideally, the swellable polymer is coated in an amount of no more than 10 g/m2. The ratio of the laydown of swellable polymer material in the swellable polymer layer to the laydown of material in the porous layer is preferably at least 0,5, more preferably at least 0.75, still more preferably in the range of from 0.8 to 2 and most preferably from 0.9 to 1.5. Suitable swellable polymers for use in the swellable polymer layer include, for example, one or more of naturally occurring hydrophilic colloids and gums such as gelatin, albumin, guar, xantham, acacia and chitosan and their derivatives, functionalised proteins, functionalised gums and starches, cellulose ethers and their derivatives, such as hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl oxazoline and polyvinyl methyloxazoline, polyoxides, polyethers, poly(ethylene imine), poly(acrylic acid), poly(methacrylic acid), n-vinyl amides including polyacrylamide and polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyethylene oxide and polyvinyl alcohol, its derivatives and copolymers. Preferably, the swellable polymer is gelatin or polyvinyl alcohol, more preferably, polyvinyl alcohol. The swellable polymer layer may optionally comprise other components such as a mordant, and a surfactant, e.g. a fiuorosurfactant such as Lodyne® SlOO or Zonyl® FSN, or a non-fluoro surfactant such as Olin® 1OG. Optionally, the swellable polymer layer may further comprise an amorphous hydrated aluminosilicate, such as an allophane, for the reduction of smearing of an image when a printed receiver is stored at high temperatures and humidities. Typical mordants that may be included are, for example, a cationic polymer, e.g. a polymeric quarternary ammonium compound, or a basic polymer, such as poly(dimethylaminoethyl)methacrylate, polyalkylenepolyamines, and products of the condensation thereof with dicyanodiamide, amine-epichlorohydrin polycondensates, divalent Group 11 metal ions, lecithin and phospholipid compounds or any suitable mordant that is capable of assisting with fixing a dye material transferred to it. Examples of such mordants include vinylbenzyl trimethyl ammonium chloride/ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride), poly(2-N,N,N-trimethylammonium)ethyl methacrylate methosulfate, poly(3-N,N,N-trrmethylammonium)propyl chloride. A preferred mordant would be a quarternary ammonium compound. Optionally, an allophane may also be added to the swellable polymer layer. Preferably, the porous layer comprises a laydown of material of at least 3 g/m2, for example at least 5 g/m2 and more preferably at least 6 g/m2, a laydown within the range of from 7 to 14 g/m2 is preferred and more preferably within the range of from 8 to 12 g/m2. Most preferably, the porous layer comprises a laydown of material in the range from 8 to 11 g/m2. The porous layer is preferably comprised of an inorganic particulate material and a binder, preferably a polymeric binder and/or, optionally, a latex binder. The binder may be any material capable of binding an inorganic particulate material in order to form a porous layer. For example, the binder may comprise one or more of the polymers that may optionally be used as the swellable polymer in the swellable polymer layer referred to above, but preferably the binder is gelatin or polyvinyl alcohol and more preferably is polyvinyl alcohol. The inorganic particulate material may be any inorganic particulate material that is capable of providing a porous layer in an ink-jet receiver. Suitable such inorganic particulate materials useful in the porous layer of the ink-jet receiver according to the present invention include, for example, silica particulate materials such as anionic silica gel, cationic silica gel and colloidal silica, fumed silica, alumina, fumed alumina, titanium oxide, alumina hydrate, pseudo- boehmite, zinc oxide, tin oxide, zirconium dioxide, silica-magnesia, clay, calcium carbonate, calcium oxalate, zinc carbonate, zinc oxalate, aluminium carbonate, aluminium hydroxide, zeolites (such as molecular sieves 3A, 4A, 5 A and 13X), bentonite, hectorite, and mixtures thereof. Preferably, the inorganic particulate material is one or more of a silica particulate material, calcium carbonate, an alumina particulate material, such as fumed alumina, or a zeolite. Optionally, the inorganic particulate material is a shelled material, such as shelled silica (e.g silica shelled with alumina). Most preferably, the inorganic particulate material is a silica gel or a colloidal silica material and more preferably an anionic silica gel. Examples of suitable colloidal silicas include, for example, Nalco® 1115 (4 nm), Ludox® SM-30 (7 nm), Ludox® LS-30 (12 nm), Ludox® TM-40 (22 nm), Ludox® ΑM (-30 nm), Ludox® TM-30 (-50 nm) and Ludox® PW-50 (~ 100 nm), and examples of suitable silica gels include anionic silica gel Sylojet® 703A and cationic silica gel Sylojet® 703 C. A suitable shelled silica is Nalco® 2329 shelled with alumina. Typically the laydown of material in the porous layer referred to above relates to the amount of binder and inorganic particulate combined, but preferably those values correspond to the amount of inorganic particulate material laid down in the porous layer. Preferably, the laydown of porous material is at least 35% by weight of the total laydown of swellable polymer and polymeric binder material in the receiver, more preferably at least 50%. Still more preferably, the laydown of porous material is within the range from 75% to 95%. The porous layer may optionally comprise a surfactant such as a fiuorosurfactant, e.g. Lodyne® SlOO or Zonyl® FSN, or a non-fluoro surfactant such as Olin® 1OG. Where appropriate, the porous layer may further comprise a mordant. Typical mordants that may be included are, for example, a cationic polymer, e.g. a polymeric quarternary ammonium compound, or a basic polymer, such as poly(dimethylaminoethyl)methacrylate, polyalkylenepolyamines, and products of the condensation thereof with dicyanodiamide, amine-epichlorohydrin polycondensates, divalent Group 11 metal ions, lecithin and phospholipid compounds or any suitable mordant that is capable of assisting with fixing a dye material transferred to it. Examples of such mordants include vinylbenzyl trimethyl ammonium chloride/ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride), poly(2-N,N,N-trimethylammonium)ethyl methacrylate methosulfate, poly(3-N,N,N-trimethylammonium)propyl chloride. A preferred mordant would be a quarternary ammonium compound. The ink-jet receiver according to the present invention may comprise two or more layers, but in any case will consist of a support, a swellable polymer layer and a porous underlayer located between the support and the swellable polymer layer. According to a preferred embodiment, however, the ink- jet receiver consists essentially of a support, a swellable polymer layer and a porous layer. Optionally, additional layers may be included for the purpose of, for example, improving adhesion of one layer to another, improving surface gloss, improving stability of images formed on the receiver, to provide a supercoat, to provide a backing layer, etc. Where the swellable polymer layer is particularly thick, it may be beneficial to apply the swellable polymer layer in two coatings, which may or may not go on to form a single layer, but preferably does. Where two or more layers of swellable polymer are coated, those layers may be the same or different and may be coated in a single pass or two passes. After coating the at least two or more layers on the support, preferably the coated support is dried at a temperature of at least 50°C, and more preferably at least 70°C, e.g. at about 90°C, in order that the properties of the resultant ink-jet receiver may be further improved, especially where the porous layer comprises an inorganic particulate material and a binder. Any suitable coating method may be used, including, amongst others, curtain coating, bead coating, air knife coating, rod coating or blade coating. The layers may be coated simultaneously or in separate passes. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the ink-jet receiver comprises a support, a swellable polymer layer having a laydown of polymer material of at least 8 g/m2 and a porous layer, located between the support and the swellable polymer layer, said porous layer having a laydown of material of at least 8 g/m2, more preferably about 11 g/m2. The support may be any support suitable for use in an ink-jet receiver, such as paper, resin-coated paper, film base, acetate, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a printing plate support, aluminium foil, latex-treated polyester or any other suitable support. Preferably, the support is a resin coated paper or a PET base. The invention will now be described by way of example only and without limitation as to the scope of the invention in the following Examples.

EXAMPLES Example 1 A receiver (Receiver 1) according to the invention was prepared by coating, onto a resin-coated paper support, a porous layer consisting of 10.15 g/m2 of an anionic silica gel (Sylojet® 703A), 2.3 g/m2 of PVA (Gohsenol® GH17) and 0.106 g/m2 of surfactant (Lodyne® SlOO) and a swellable polymer top layer consisting of 10.9 g/m2 of PVA (Gohsenol® GH17) and 0.848 g/m2 of surfactant (Lodyne® SlOO). Due to the coating capabilities of the coating machine, the swellable polymer top layer was actually coated as two layers - the layer nearest the support consisting of 6 g/m2 of PVA (Gohsenol® GH17) and 0.212 g/m2 of surfactant and the layer furthest away from the support consisting of 4.9 g/m2 of PVA (Gohsenol® GH 17) and 0.636 g/m2 of surfactant. The three layers were coated simultaneously on a bead-coating machine using a standard slide hopper with the dryers inside the coating track set to 90°C. A second receiver (Receiver 2) was prepared in the same way as Receiver 1, except that a cationic silica gel (Sylojet® 703C) was used in the porous layer instead of the anionic silica gel. As a control, a third receiver (Receiver 3 (control)) was prepared in the same way as Receivers 1 and 2, except that no silica gel was added to the layer nearest the support (the porous layer in Receivers 1 and 2).

Example 2 The receiver elements, Receivers 1-3, prepared according to Example 1 and a commercially available non-porous receiver having a gelatin coating with a cellulose ether overcoat and available as Kodak® Premium Picture Paper were tested for smudge by printing a target onto each receiver using the Epson® 870 printer and inkset and immediately each receiver exited the printer, a finger was drawn across the target and the degree of smudge was assessed visually. The smudge test was carried out at room temperature and at ambient humidity (typically an RH value of from about 30 to about 50). The results of the smudge test are presented in Table 1.

Table 1: Degree of smudge appreciated on Receivers 1-3 and control Receiver Yellow Magenta Cyan Red Green Blue Black Avg 1 0 0 1 1 2 2 2 1.14 2 0 0 1 1 1 2 2 1.00 (Control) 0 1 1 1 2 2 2 1.28 Control 0 1 2 2 2 2 2 1.57 Key: 0 = no smudge 1= very little smudge 2 = some smudge 3 = poor smudge The results in Table 1 show that the receiver elements of the invention (Receivers 1 and 2) exhibited significantly improved smudge characteristics when tested at ambient humidity compared to the PVA coating with no silica gel added to the layer nearest the support (Receiver 3) and the commercially available control.

Example 3 A common problem with swellable receivers is that the ink absorption (as measured by smudge) worsens at high relative humidity as compared with ambient humidity. The smudge test carried out in Example 2 was repeated only this time at 80% relative humidity (RH). Table 2 shows the smudge results for the receivers of this invention (Receivers 1 and 2) when tested at room temperature and 80%RH compared to a PVA coating containing no silica gel (Receiver 3) and a traditional swellable receiver, Kodak Premium Picture Paper (a commercially available control).

Table 2: Degree of smudge appreciated on Receivers 1-3 and control at 80% RH Receiver Yellow Magenta Cyan Red Green Blue Black Avg 1 0 0 0 1 1 2 2 0.86 2 0 1 1 1 2 2 2 1.28 (Control) 0 1 1 2 2 2 3 1.57 Control 0 1 2 2 2 2 2 1.57 Key: 0 = no smudge 1= very little smudge 2 = some smudge 3 = poor smudge

The results in Table 2 show that the receiver elements of the invention (Receivers 1 and 2) exhibited significantly improved smudge characteristics when tested at 80% RH compared to the PVA coating with no silica gel added to the layer nearest the support (Receiver 3), which showed worse smudge than at ambient humidity, and the commercially available control. Furthermore, the results in Table 2 show that when the layer nearest the support contained anionic silica gel (Receiver 1), the ink absorption actually improved at 80%RH and whilst Receiver 2, which comprised the cationic silica gel in the porous layer, showed worse ink absorption at 80% RH than at ambient humidity, it was still significantly better than the PVA coating containing no silica gel (receiver 3). The commercially available control (Kodak Premium Picture Paper) was unaffected by the increased humidity, but was still worse than the receivers of this invention (Receivers 1 and 2).

Example 4 Swellable polymer layers comprising PVA as the swellable polymer are known to have poor high humidity keep. When an image is printed onto a PVA layer and placed in an oven for 7 days at 380C and 80%RH, the image is seento smear quite badly and a loss of magenta density is also seen. In order to assess the effect of a porous underlayer on the high humidity keep of a swellable polymer receiver, two further receivers (Receiver 4 and Receiver 5) were prepared in a similar way to Receiver 1 (Example 1), except that the amount of anionic silica gel (Sylojet® 703A) in the porous layer of Receiver 4 was 6 g/m2 and the amount in the porous layer of Receiver 5 was 2 g/m2. An image was printed onto Receivers 1, 3, 4 and 5 using an Epson® 870 printer and inkset and placed in an oven for 7 days at 38°C and 80% RH. The image on each receiver was assessed visually for smear and the results are presented in Table 3.

Table 3 : Smear results for high humidity keep assessment Receiver 703A Yellow Magenta Cyan Red Green Blue Black Avg (g/sqm) 1 10.15 0 0.5 0 0.5 0 1 1 0.429 4 6 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0.571 5 2 0 1 0 1 0 1 1.5 0.643 (Control) 0 0 1 0 1 0 1.5 1.5 0.712 Key: 0 = no smear 1= very little smear 2 = poor smear

As shown in Table 3, Receiver 1 has much improved high humidity keep as compared with Receiver 3 (control), the swellable polymer receiver. Receivers 4 and 5, having reduced amounts of silica gel in the porous layer, showed poorer high humidity keep than Receiver 1, but were still better than the control. The effect of keeping at high humidity on magenta density was measured for Receiver 1 and Receiver 3 (control) and the results are presented in Table 4.

Table 4: Effect of keeping for 7 days at 380C and 80%RH on magenta density Receiver Sylojet 703A (g/sqm) Change in Magenta Density 1 10.15 0.69 3 (Control) 0 -4.61

The data in Table 4 show that having a porous underlayer comprising silica gel (Sylojet 703A) significantly improves the high humidity keep in terms of the change in magenta density since after 7 days storage at 38°C/80%RH, little change in magenta density was recorded on Receiver 1, whilst a substantial loss of density is seen when no silica gel is present as in the control receiver, Receiver 3.

Example 5 Gloss was measured by printing a target onto each of Receivers 1 to 3 and a traditional swellable receiver, Kodak Premium Picture Paper (a commercially available control) using the Epson® 870 printer and the 60° gloss of each colour and the unprinted receiver was measured using a Sheen Instruments Ltd., 160 Tri-Microgloss meter. The results are presented in Table 5.

Table 5: 60° gloss results for the receivers of the invention and control receivers Receiver Cyan Magenta Yellow Red Green Blue Black Unprinted Avg 1 82.1 82.7 74.4 85.2 85.5 88.1 86.3 80.3 83.1 2 83.8 86.7 74.5 86.0 86.3 87.3 86.7 86.1 84.7 3 (Control) 79.9 82.5 79.6 84.5 84.8 85.4 87.8 90.4 84.4 Control 73.9 68.6 81.7 64.1 64.7 65.8 56.9 72.6 68.5

The results in Table 5 show that the receiver elements of the invention (Receivers 1 & 2) have better gloss results compared to the commercially available control, but similar gloss to the PVA coating containing no silica gel in the layer nearest the support (Receiver 3). Example 6 In order to assess the ozone stability of receivers according to the invention, Receivers 1, 2 and 3 (control) and a traditional swellable receiver, Kodak Premium Picture Paper (a commercially available control) were printed ■with an image using the Kodak® PPM 200 printer and inkset. The densities of the various colours (choosing a patch that has a density closet to 1.0) were measured and then the receivers subjected to ozone (lppm) for a period of 24 hours, the same colour patches re-measured and the % loss of density calculated therefrom. The results are presented in Table 6.

Table 6: Ozone stability results Receiver Black Cyan Magenta 1 -0.45 -1.50 -3.97 2 -1.42 -6.03 -3.06 3 (Control) -7.68 -2.43 -7.51 Control -1.06 - 4.60 -0.46

The results hi Table 6 show that the receiver elements of the invention have roughly similar ozone stability properties as compared with either of the controls.

Example 7 The light stability of the various receivers can be assessed by printing an image using an Epson® 870 printer, measuring the densities of the various colours (choosing a patch that has the density closest to 1.0) and then subjecting it to high intensity daylight (HID, 50 Klux) for a period of 7 days. The same colour patches can then be re-measured at the end of the 7 day period and the % loss of density can be calculated. Table 7 shows the light stability data for Receivers 1 and 2 compared to a PVA coating containing no silica gel (Receiver 3) and a traditional swellable receiver, Kodak Premium Picture Paper (a commercially available control). Table 7: Light stability results Receiver Cyan Magenta Yellow Red Green Blue Black 1 -1.7 -20.9 -7.0 -11.2 -3.6 -7.0 -8.6 2 -5.8 -36.4 -9.7 -14.9 -2.7 -13.8 -9.1 3 (Control) -0.7 -24.0 -3.7 -14.1 -3.7 -6.6 -4.1 Control -5.8 -34.7 -15.0 -22.6 -10.2 -17.3 -16.7

The results in Table 7 show that the receiver elements of the invention (Receivers 1 and 2) have similar or in some cases better light stability as compared with the controls.

Example 8 In order to assess the effect on smudge of the drying temperature used when coating the receivers of the invention, two further receivers (Receivers 6 and 7) were prepared by the same method as for Receiver 1 (Example 1), except that the coated support was dried at 45°C for Receiver 6 and at 65°C for Receiver 7. The smudge test at ambient relative humidity was carried out on Receivers 1, 6, 7 and 3 (control) according to Example 2. The results are shown in Table 8.

Table 8: Effect of drying temperature on smudge Receiver Drying Yellow Magenta Cyan Red Green Blue Black Avg Temp 6 45 0 1 1 1 2 2 3 1.428 7 65 0 1 1 1 1 2 2 1.143 1 90 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 0.571 (Control) 90 0 1 1 1 1 2 2 1.143 Key: 0 = no smudge 1= very little smudge 2 = some smudge 3 = poor smudge

The data in Table 8 demonstrate the effect on smudge at ambient RH of varying the temperature in the coating track that the receiver of this invention is dried at. The results show that the smudge results are worst when the dryers in the coating track are set to 450C, but as the coating track drying temperature is increased, so the smudge results show a significant improvement. Example 9

Inkjet receivers (Receivers 8-10) were made using the same

formulation as Receiver 1 in Example 1, except that the silica type was varied in

the porous layer (see Table 9).

Table 9: Silica used in the porous layer of Receivers 8-10

Receiver Number Silica in B/L Silica Type Partice Size (nm) 8 Ludox-AM Colloidal - 30 9 Ludox-TM50 Colloidal - 50 10 Ludox-PW50 Colloidal - 100

Receivers 8-10 were tested alongside Receivers 1-3 from Example

1 for smudge at both ambient RH and at 80%RH and the results can be seen in

Table 10.

Table 10: Average smudge for Receivers 1-3 and 8-10 at ambient and 80% RH

Receiver Avg Smudge @ 50%RH Avg Smudge @ 80%RH 1 1.14 0.86 2 1.00 1.28 3 (control) 1.57 1.71 8 1.57 1.07 9 1.29 1.14 10 1.29 0.79

The data in Table 10 indicate that by coating a bottom layer

containing silica gel or colloidal silica with PVA layers above it and drying at

9O0C, improved smudge (at both ambient RH and 80%RH) can be achieved when

compared to a PVA coating containing no silica gel (Receiver 3).

Example 10

InkJet receivers (Receivers 11-20) were made using the general

formulation for Receiver 1 in Example 1, except the percentage silica gel (Sylojet

703 A) with respect to the PVA laydown was varied as shown in Table 11 Table 11: % Silica gel with respect to PVA laydown in Receivers 11-20

Receiver PVA L'Down PVA L'Down Sylojet 703A % Sylojet w.r.t % Sylojet w.r.t No In Upper in Bottom Laydown in Bottom Total Bottom Total PVA Layers (g/m2) Layer (g/m2) Layer (g/m2) Layer Laydown Laydown 11 10.7 2.3 9.75 80.9 % 75 % 12 10.7 2.3 7.15 75.7 % 55 % 13 10.7 2.3 4.55 66.4 % 35 % 14 10.7 2.3 1.95 45.9 % 15 % 15 10.7 2.3 - - -

16 5.7 2.3 7.60 76.S % 95 % 17 5.7 2.3 6.00 72.3 % 75 % 18 5.7 2.3 4.40 65.7 % 55 % 19 5.7 2.3 2.80 54.9 % 35 % 20 5.7 2.3 - - -

Receivers 11-20 were tested for smudge at 80% RH according to

the method described in Example 2 and the results, are presented in Table 12.

Table 12: Average smudge at 80% RH for Receivers 11-20

Receiver No % Sylojet w.r.t Total % Sylojet w.r.t Total Avg Smudge @ 80%RH Bottom Layer Laydown PVA Laydown 11 80.9 % 75 % 1.14 12 75.7 % 55 % 1.14 13 66.4 % 35 % 1.29 14 45.9 % 15 % 1.57 15 - 1.57

16 76.-8 % 95 % 1 1.29 17 72.3 % 75 % 1.57 18 65.7 % 55 % 1.57 19 54.9 % 35 % 1.71 20 - - 1.86

As can be seen from the data in Table 12, the results suggest that in

order for a receiver comprising a PVA image-receiving layer and a silica and PVA

underlay er to show improved properties in terms of smudge at 80% RH, it is

beneficial for the porous layer to consist of silica in an amount of at least 55% of

the total laydown of material in the porous layer (for example, see Receiver 19),

preferably at least 65% (see Receiver 13), corresponding to an amount of silica of

at least 35 % of the total PVA laydown in the receiver. Example 11

InkJet receivers (Receivers 21-26) were made using the same

formulation as Receiver 1 in Example 1, except that different inorganic particles

were used in the bottom layer (see Table 13). The dry laydown of the various

inorganic particles was kept constant at 10.15 g/m2. The different molecular

sieves vary in particle size (3A being the smallest and 13X the largest).

Table 13 : Inorganic particulate material used in porous layer

Receiver Number Component in B/L Type of Inorganic Particle 21 Cabot PG003 Fumed Alumina 22 Cabot PG002 Fumed Silica 23 Molecular Sieve 3A Zeolite 24 Molecular Sieve 4A Zeolite 25 Molecular Sieve 5A Zeolite 26 Molecular Sieve 13X Zeolite

Receivers 21-26 were tested alongside receiver 3 (plain PVA layer

with no inorganic particles in the bottom layer) from Example 1 for smudge at

both ambient RH and 80%RH and the results are shown in Table 14.

Table 14: Effect of different porous layers on smudge

Receiver Avg Smudge @ Ambient RH Avg Smudge @ 80%RH 3 (control) 1.57 1.71 21 1.57 1.14 22 1.29 1.43 23 0.57 1.43 24 0.86 1.43 25 1.14 1.57 26 1.29 1.14

The data in. Table 14 indicate that by coating a bottom layer containing any of the inorganic particles shown in Table 13 with PVA layers above it and drying at 9O0C, improved smudge (at both ambient RH and 80%RH) canbe achieved when compared to a PVA coating containing no inorganic particles (Receiver 3).