PAUKSON ALEKSANDR (EE)
| US6350474B1 | 2002-02-26 | |||
| EP1854356A1 | 2007-11-14 | |||
| DE2302216A1 | 1974-08-01 | |||
| US6350474B1 | 2002-02-26 | |||
| EE00444U1 | 2004-07-15 | |||
| EE00549U1 | 2005-10-17 | |||
| EE201000005A | ||||
| US6350474B1 | 2002-02-26 | |||
| EP2334596A2 | 2011-06-22 |
| Claims 1. Iron phosphate composition comprising a solution of an oilhophosphoric acid, an iron(III)oxide, a metal powder and water, characterized in that the composition comprises cslciuni and citric acid. 2. Composition according to claim 1. wherein the amount of the iingiedients in the solution in parts by weight is as following: orthophosphoric acid 85% solution 100 iron(IIl)oxide 10 - 19 metal powder 1.1 - 1.8 water 8 - 30 calcium 1 - 3 citric acid 0.5 - 1.8. 3. A .composition according to claim 2. comprising metal powder fioni 1 to 1.6 in parts by weight. 4. A composition according to claims 1 to 3, wherein said metal powder is selected frora the group consisting of AL Zn and Mg, 5. A composition according to claims 1 to 3. wherein said metalpowder is Al powder. 6. Method for producing iron phosphate composition as in claims 1 to 5, comprising pouring orthophosphoric acid S5% solution into a reactor, adding iron(III)oxide, and for contoOlling temperature necessary for reaction and for neutralizing acidity adding water, metal powder, citric acid arid calcium within 1-2 hours. 7. Use of the composition as claimed in any one of the claims 1. to 5 for preparing reactants. for coating and impregnating materials selected from a group of wood. rnetaL plastic, paper, stone, concrete and textiles to provide fire resistance and antiseptic properties and w herein said material is coated with said composition using vacuum impregnation, paintbrush, sprayer or paint roller at least one time. 8. Use of the composition as claimed in any of the claims 1 to 5 for preparing fire protection solutions and anticorrosrve solutions, emulsions, putties and plastics. 9. Use of the composition as claimed in claim 8. wherein the fire protec tion so lution comprise*, 5-35% non-flammable resins or adhesives. 10. Use of the composition as cla imed in claim 7 for covering metals with anticorro sive solution comprising 5-35% non-flammable re sins or adhesives. wherein covering Ά first layer for transforming rust and covering a second layer for forming protecting iayer on surtace. 1 1. A method as in c laim 10 for preparing a powder by evaporating or by crystallization the composition and by adding organic solvents to powder and drying and crushing if into powder with up to 80% particles with size of <0.003 mm and up to 10% partic ies with size of > 0.05 mm and adding 8-25% of such powder into pkstk on melt temperature before molding. 12. A method as in in cla im 7 for providing a layer on said material against envtromental damage by diluting the composition with wa ter in ratio 1 :4 by weight and adding 2 to 5% solution o f sodhun hydroxide or potassium hydroxide. 13. A method as in claim 7 for preparing a putty for providing or restoring fire resistant coatings, for binding chamotte stones and chamorte lining in heating elements as kettle, glassmetter and home stoves and fireplaces, as it prevents overheating and anneal of metal. 14. A method as in claim 13 wherein composition of the said putty is as following (% by weight): sand 10%, argillaceous 56%, Ah03 12%. 20% solution of said composition 22% and distribution of particles in purty is as following: < 0.4 mm - l% < 0.09 mm- 2% and tlie method comprises adding enough water to allow the putty to be applied on the sui &ce to be treated. 15. A method according to claim 6. comprising preparing the composition using exothermic reaction at the temperature from 120 to 130°C and preparing a powder by evaporating the concentrate or crystallizing and adding organic solvents to powder and drying and crushing it into a powder with about 80% particles with size of <0.003 mm and 10% particles with size of > 0.05 mm. which is chemically uniform and hydroscopic. |
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to an iron phosphate composition, to a method of manufacturing such composition and using the composition for high temperature impregnating solutions, paints, emulsions, pastes, putties for protecting surfaces of wood, metal, stone, concrete, paper, plastic, textiles, etc as well as in chemical industry for manufacturing reactants. The composition can be used in industry, agriculture and forestry as fire resistant, anticorrosive, decorative or antiseptic agent. The obtained aqueos solution solidifies slowly at lower temperatures (e.g., at normal room temperature). However, at higher temperatures the composition solidifies quickly.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
US patent US6350474 describes phosphate composition comprising (stated in parts by weight): orthophosphoric acid (85% solution) about 100, iron oxide from about 20 to about 41, metal powder from about 0.5 to about 2.5 and water from about 30 to about 70. This phosphate composition is aqueous solution with cold solidification capacity. Metal powder is aluminium, magnesium, zinc, calcium, cobalt, ytrium, nickel or scandium. The temperature rises during exothermal reaction to 40-50°C. Metal powder content above 2.5 part by weight will increase the temperature to 120-130°C, by which dissolved particles stick together and ortophosphate anion will turn into polyphosphate. Heat released in the exothermal reaction is enough for dissolution of iron oxide and metal powder in 2 hours. The output of the reaction represents transparent, brownish, sticky liquid with density of 1.5 kg/m . Such non-toxic non-carcinogenic solution is produced ecologically safely and is used for coating wood, metal, concrete, textiles and paper for increasing fire resistance of these. The amount of the solution for 1 square meter is 0.2 liters. The solution does not damage the surface, does not alter its color and material quality. The solution obtained is used as anticorrosive solution for removing the rust and for protecting against further rusting. The solution is used also for producing paints and ceramic materials. Because of its antimicrobic and antibacterial properties the phosphate composition can be used in medicine, agriculture and forestry.
Estonian utility model EE00444U1 describes producing of phosphate composition, having the following ratio of ingredients in parts by weight: orthophosphoric acid 100, iron oxide 20-41, metal powder 0.5-2.5, and water 30-70. To the mixture is added ethyl alcohol or glycerine 0.05-0.2 parts by weight for increasing the stability and wetting ability. Aluminium powder is used.
Estonian utility model EE00549U1 describes surface protecting material, having the following ratio of ingredients in parts by weight: orthophosphoric acid 60-80, iron oxide 50-60, metal powder 5-10, and water 40-60. The surface protecting material includes additionally aluminium nitrate 7-10 parts by weight and copper sulphate 7-10 parts by weight. Fe 2 0 3 , Ti0 2 and Mn0 2 are added as pigments. If the surface of e.g. wood is treated with such surface protecting material, the fire resistance increases and putrefaction decreases. This will guarantee long stability of wood. Long-time persistence of other materials, for example paper, textiles, metal, is guaranteed in the same way.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a new iron phosphate composition and its synthesis using exothermal process. For improving physical properties and for increasing stability calcium and citric acid are added into the composition. The iron phosphate composition of the present invention has better stability and better fire resistance compared to known compositions and has anticorrosive, antibacterial and antiseptic properties. No organic solvents such as ethyl alcohol and glycerol were used.
The method for preparing of iron phosphate composition according to the invention comprises: pouring orthophosphoric acid into reactor, switching on the mixer, adding iron(III)oxide, adding metal powder, keeping the temperature in the range suitable for reaction (preferably 120-130°C) by adding water and adding calcium and citric acid. All the mentioned components are taken in parts by weight: orthophosphoric acid (85% solution) 100, iron(III)oxide 10-19, metal powder (Al, Zn, Mg) 1.1-1.8 (preferably 1.1 to 1.6), water 8-30 (preferably 10-30), calcium 1-3 (preferably 1-2) and citric acid 0.5 - 1.8 (preferably 0.5 - 1.5). Compared to background art, the product is prepared at higher temperature and substantially less water is added during the exothermal preparation process.
For the mixing of the components a continuously rotating mixer reactor with blades, made, e.g. from stainless steel, is used. The reactor has inside ventilation and its volume depends on desired amount and purpose of the composition.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The method for preparing of iron phosphate composition according to the invention comprises: pouring orthophosphoric acid into a mixing reactor, switching on the mixer, adding iron(III)oxide, adding metal powder, keeping the temperature in the range suitable for the reaction (preferably 120-130°C) by adding water and adding calcium and citric acid. All the mentioned components are taken in ratio in parts by weight: orthophosphoric acid 100, iron(III)oxide 10-19, metal powder (Al, Zn, Mg) 1.1 to 1.8, preferably 1.1 to 1.6, water 8-30, preferably 10 - 30, calcium 1-3, preferably 1-2, and citric acid 0.5 - 1.8, preferably 0.5 - 1.5.
For the mixing of the components a continuously rotating mixer reactor with blades, made, e.g. from stainless steel, is used. The reactor has inside ventilation and its volume depends on desired amount and purpose of the composition.
Due to exothermic reaction the temperature increases to and is kept preferably from 120 to 130°C for 1 to 2 hours. The reaction time depends on volume of the reactor. After the reaction is finished, enough water is added to the concentrate to make a product with desired properties; which is left into reactor for sufficient time (e.g., for several hours) to settle, then it is pored out of the reactor.
The temperature range between 120 and 130°C is enough to dissolve iron oxide, metal powder and additives in less than two hours. The dissolved particles do not stick and do not form polyphosphates at this temperature when reactor with constantly rotating blades is used and because of the ratio of ingridients. On inflammation, the compound does not evaluate smoke, C0 2 and other dangerous compounds in an amount harmful for humans and environment.
Increasing the amount of iron(III)oxide in above mentioned formula over the upper limit (i.e., over 19 parts by weight provided the amount of other ingridients remain unchanged) will cause rapid decomposition and short stability of the iron phosphate composition (as short as few weeks depending on the temperature).
Decreasing the amount of iron(III)oxide in above mentioned formula below the lower limit (i.e., below 10 parts by weight provided the amount of other ingridients remain unchanged) will result in lower fire resistance with evolution of smoke and C0 2 in large quantities. The studies are carried out with products derived from the concentrate to determine fire resistance, anticorrosive, antiseptic properties. Compositions with different content in parts by weight have been used in the following tests about flammability and burning of impregnated wood: TUV NORD (Estonia, test protocol no TM- 17/08), TUV SUD (Singapore, test report no S08ME C03108/OKN), EXOVA (Canada test ASTM E 84 SBC Report 09-002-716 9/2009) and Forest and Wood Products Research Development Institute, Jelgava, Latvia (test report no 220/009). As result of very good compounds ratio in parts by weight and results of tests gave the highest class (A2/B-sl-d0) B-sl-d0 and it has been delivered certificate no 377-072/09 based on standard document EN 13501- 1:2007 (EN13823:2002 and EN ISO 11925-2:2002) for impregnating of wood construction against flammability and fire spreading.
The studies carried out in Estonian University of Life Sciences Institute of Veterinary medicine and animal scienses in Department of Food Science and Hygiene confirmed antiseptic properties of composition. During studies there have been observed rapid decrease of bacterial colonies. As result of chemical attachment reaction it is obtained non-transparent, dark brown liquid of iron phosphate composition with dencity of 1.83-1.85 kg/m . Solution of iron phosphate composition obtained in this way is expected to be stable for 5 years. Solution of iron phosphate composition obtained is not toxic as inorganic compounds of 5 valence phosphorus are harmless for human. The production of solution of iron phosphate composition is ecologically safe.
The main purpose of using the solution of iron phosphate composition is coating wood, metal, plastic, paper, stone, concrete, textiles, etc or impregnating materials that can be impregnated, mixing with other components for achieving fire resistance and for giving antiseptic properties to treated materials.
The amount of solution of iron phosphate composition for treating one square meter is around 200 to 400g. The surfaces are treated with vacuum impregnation, paintbrush, sprayer or paint roller 2-3 times, while drying time is 2-48 hours.
According to the present invention there is provided coating of different surfaces with solution of iron phosphate composition with cold solidification capacity without thermal treatmet as well as with thermal treatment at temperature from 50 until 350° C by using resins or adhesives.
1. Solution for improving fire resistance
Fire resistant and fire protective coating agent is transparent, light pink aqueous solution with density of 1.1 - 1.20 kg/m , which forms non-flammable layer on the treated surface of material. By adding non-flammable resins and adhesives 5-35%, elastic or hard, film forming layer (for example white, yellow, mat, with shine) is created with density of 1.15- 1.50 kg/m , which is fire barrier and can not be washed out.
2. Anticorrosive solution
Anticorrosive solution with density of 1.40-1.50 kg/m is used for removing or for keeping off the rust by adding first layer, after that the rust is removed. Next, the second layer is added for forming protecting layer on surface, which can be coated later with the same solution or suitable paint. 5-35% resins or adhesives can be added by mixing for obtaining the coating as needed.
3. Powder for binding and for making non-flammable plastics Powder is made by evaporating of concentrate or by crystallization and adding organic solvents. By drying and crushing of the material fine, dispersed, light gray powder is prepared with 80% of particles with size of <0.003 mm and 10% of particles with size of >0.05 mm. Depending of the desired characteristic of the plastic 8-25% of powder is added on melt temperature (before molding) by mixing and for giving the shade to plastic.
4. Emulsion
The emulsion is prepared by mixing of the concentrate with water in ratio 1:4 and by adding to this solution 2-5% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or potassium hydroxide (KOH). The emulsion is prepared for coating metal or stone, for forming upper layer in protecting film against enviromental damage.
5. Putty
Putty is used also for fire protection and against corrosion of metal, wood, stones of the building constuctions. It is also used for restoring fire resistant coatings, for binding chamotte stoves and chamotte lining in heating elements. Because of high fire resistance (1800° C) it is suitable for high-temperature heating elements of kettles, glassmelters etc., also for conventional stoves and fireplaces. It prevents overheating and annealing of metal.
Usage
Enough water is added to the composition so that the composition would stay well on the surfase to be treated. Putty should be put on surface as 1-2 mm layer using putty spade or other suitable applicator. It can be applied directly on rust.
It is possible to give to the surface shade and to treat it with abradant. The drying time is 24 hours at 18° C.
The composition of putty is as following (% by weight): sand 10%, argillaceous 56%, A1 2 0 3 12%, 20% solution of iron phosphate 22%. Solutions, powders, emulsions and putties are kept in closed plastic or glass ware.
Examples
Examples of the composition (amounts in parts of weight) are presented in Table 1. Table 1
Examples 1 to 8
Into continuously rotating mixer reactor is poured 100 kg of orthophosphoric acid (85% water solution) and to which is added (in the amounts as shown in Table 1) iron(III)oxide, metal powder and water while stirring continuously. Calcium and citric acid are added after 1 hour. Reaction time is from 2 hours up to 4 hours.
Even though the solution according to example 1 is stable, the temperatuse of the reaction may rise too high, the process may become uncontrollable and there is a likelihood of the components settling out and solidification of the solution. Yielded mixture of iron phosphates does not need sedimentation. The composition is ready for use. Water, additives, pigments, etc are added for obtaining a product with desired properties.