| JPS60209679 | PISTON PUMP OR PLUNGER PUMP |
| JPS60147780 | [Title of the device] Support structure of a compressor |
BABALOUKAS AGELOS (GR)
BABALOUKAS AGELOS (GR)
| WO1992019924A1 | 1992-11-12 |
| US4281969A | 1981-08-04 | |||
| FR327788A | 1903-07-03 | |||
| DE65154C | ||||
| US4113410A | 1978-09-12 | |||
| US1929350A | 1933-10-03 | |||
| US2478321A | 1949-08-09 | |||
| US1508833A | 1924-09-16 | |||
| CH164942A | 1933-10-31 | |||
| DE150889C |
| 1. | The method of the hydraulic heat pump is characterized by a new way of compression of vapours of the volatile fluid, which compression is succeeded by a piston, which compresses the fluid of the one hydrostatic column and the surface of the fluid of this column compresses directly the vapours of the volatile fluid, which vapours, coming through a tube, compress the surface of the fluid of a second hydrostatic column and by this procedure the primary compression of vapours of the volatile fluid is succeeded. Following when the piston moves to the contrary, in order to complete the compression circle, then the primary compressed vapours are compressed secondarily in the second hydrostatic column, where they had entered previously and through valve (9) they enter to the snakeform tube where the condensation is effected by external cooling through air or fluid, that is this tube plays the role of a heat alternator and after the condensate of the snakeform tube through the batterfly valve (13) it expands to the space of the lower part of the first hydrostatic column, which it cools and such cooling is used for the cooling of our destined room. |
| 2. | The apparatus of the hydraulic heat pump is characterized by a bended, preferably of equal diameter cylindrical tube, having the shape of approximately an inversed greek capital letter, namely of π, which ends to approximately of the same height two vertical hydrostatic columns, filled with the volatile fluid at the same height of surface. The primary compression is effected in the first hydrostatic column and the compressed vapours, coming through a tube end at the top of the second column, by compressing it. At the return of the piston vapours which have been primarily compressed and are found at the top of the second hydrostatic column, are secondarily compressed and enter to an external snakeform tube where their condensation is realized by external cooling through air or fluid and release the dormant heat which is used for the heating of our desired room. This snake form tube is connected at the base of the first hydrostatic column through the batterfly valve (13) where the condensate expands in this first column, with result to cool it and which cooling is used following for the cooling of our desired room, which we would like to cool. At the base of the apparatus there are tubes for the levelling of fluid of both columns, through special back valves, of predetermined pressures (14, 15). |
| 3. | The apparatus of the hydraulic heat pump, according to the claim 2 is characterized by the fact that from the primary compression of the vapours, it includes at the top of the hydrostatic column a float (3) for the non moving of the fluid to its communication tube with the second column and the back valve (4) of vapours, under which there is a cock (5) for the evacuation of the lubricant. |
| 4. | The apparatus of the hydraulic heat pump, according to the claims2 3 is characterized by the fact that during the secondary compression, it includes in the communication tube of the two columns a back valve (7) with an underlying cock, at the top of the second column a float (8) for the non moving of fluid and at the entrance of the snakeform tube a valve (9) of predetermined pressure and under it a cock (10) for the evacuation of the lubricant. |
| 5. | The apparatus of the hydraulic heat pump according to claims 2, 3, 4 is characterized by the fact that in both compression phases the two hydrostatic columns have the possibility of communication between them through a tube or tubes which include valves properly adjusted (14, 15) so that the surfaces of the fluid of the columns keep the same height at the completion of compression. |
| 6. | The apparatus of hydraulic heat pump, according to the claims 2, 3, 4, 5 is characterized by the fact that at the horizontal part of its base there is an adjustable piston, which during the operation lifts periodically the surfaces of the volatile fluid of the two columns, which realized the primary and secondary compression of vapours. |
| 7. | The apparatus of the hydraulic heat pump, according to the claims 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 is characterized by the fact that thanks to the tightness of the apparatus, protecting the exit of the fluid and of its vapours to the environment, it includes at the area of the rod and in connection to it externally to the apparatus two oakums in a distance between them, one in contact with the bases of the right column (16, 21) and the second one (18, 19) in a distance from the first one, fixed on a part of the external tube and covering externally part of the rod, just approximately to enter the apparatus. |
| 8. | The apparatus of the hydraulic heat pump, according to the claims2 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 characterized by the fact that at the part of the rod which is in regression between the two oakums, it includes a compact ring (20) of equal diameter with the external tube and at the lower part of the ring there is a back valve (20) opening to the left to the base of the apparatus and which valve exists at the lower part of the first oakum of the base, whilst at the upper part, at the middle of the tube there is a cock (17) for the creation of a vacuum, for the rejection of the air of the tube. |
| 9. | The apparatus of the hydraulic heat pump according to the claims 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 is characterized by the fact that just under the compression chambers of the vapours, each hydrostatic column includes a heat alternator, preferably of vertical tubes (1, 12) with a tube connecting the two alternators and through it we have the moving of a fluid for the cooling of the fluid, which following cools and condensates the vapours which are compressed in the snake form tube at the top of the right column, which snake form tube is immersed in the circulating fluid and at the base of the apparatus there is a cock for the evacuation of the volatile fluid. |
| 10. | The apparatus of the hydraulic heat pump according to the claims 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 is characterized by the fact that the snake form tube of the right column, after the valve 9 up to the butterfly valve 13 has been removed and of the snakeform tube of the base of the left column until the point of its entrance in the column. The heat alternators of the columns have been lifted in the compression chambers of vapours and at the top of the left column we have the addition of a valve for the absorption of gases and the said apparatus can be changed to a twogrades hydraulical air compressor with adjustable piston, similar to the apparatus of figure 2 and which is destined to compress isothermally air or gases which do not react nor are solved in the hydraulic fluid for the operation of this compression and with a very low cost. |
| 11. | The hydraulic heat pump apparatus, according to axioms 2, 3r 4, 5, 6,7 8, 9, 10, that the apexes of the hydraulic piles could end in a cone which is connected with the beginning of the piles apex pipe and the floats instead of being located inside the pipes of their apexes can be transferred to the liquid of the piles, so that in each surplus of the liquid of the pile they can block up a non leakage pass which is located inside and just after the beginning of the pipe of its apex. |
The present invention refers to a new kind of heat pump, where the compression of vapour of the cooling mean is effected by the surface of the fluid itself and not by the surface of the piston, as it is the case in the today existing and known heat pump of the conditioning cooling-heat appliances.
It consists of a bended, preferably cylindrical tube. The shape of the tube is almost like the capital greek letter f " l, reversed and ends to two vertical hydrostatic columns.
The apparatus is filled with the volatile fluid all over the cylindrical tube and at the hydrostatic columns, until an equal surface level is reached, whilst at the horizontal part of the cylindrical tube of the base, an adjustable piston is reciprocating, which periodically elevates the fluid of columns, the surfaces of which compress the vapour, as illustrated in figure 1 in cross-section, whilst figure 2 illustrates a two-graded hydraulical air compressor with adjustable piston, of approximately similar operation with the apparatus 1 and which is result of this apparatus with some modifications, to be mentioned at the end of the description. At apparatus 1, before beginning of operation we apply a vacuum by the stopcocks 2, 11, 17 in order to release the existing air and following we fill the apparatus with the volatile fluid until an equal level is reached for both columns and thus the space and the tubes of the apparatus over the fluid level will be filled by vapour due to the quick vaporization. When the piston moves to the left, in order to begin with the first compression circle, the surface of the fluid of the left column comes up and compresses the overlying vapours of V volume and forces them through the back-valve 4 and 7 to move to the new volume 0,3 V, created at the top of the right column of which the surface is coming down, since valve 9 is not opening, as it is adjusted to open under high pressure of the following two-graded compression, when the piston will move to the right, for the completion of the circle of first compression.
Due to the adjustable piston and rod, the volume of the top of the right column takes a value which we determine during the construction of the pump and we determine it here as 0,3 V. When the piston moves to the right, for the completion of the circle, the surface of the fluid of the left column
comes down and of the right is coming up and thus a quantity of water from the surface and mainly from the inner mass of the fluid of the left column will evaporate automatically due to the fall of pressure and a volume V will be created, full of vapour, whilst the surface of the right column will compress in two-grades the vapour of the previous single-grade compression, which has moved to volume 0,3 V at the top and by opening valve 9 they will be compressed in the snake-form tube at the top of the right column and they are cooled there with an external cold fluid, e.g. air or fluid. They will condensate releasing mainly the dormant heat. Following the condensate will enter through the butterfly valve 13, expanded and cooled at the base of the left column, cooling this area, that is the lower left snake-form tube and the fluid of the lower part of this base.
With the above first compression circle, we realize that two areas of temperatures were created: a thermal one in the snake-form tube, at the top of the right column during the condensation of vapour and a cold one, after the butterfly valve in the snake-form tube and the base of the left column during the expansion of the condensate, that is a new heat pump of hydraulic operation was created. At this point we investigate if the compression of vapour at the left column is possible during the beginning of the first compression circle or if an extended liquefaction of vapours is caused, compressed by the wet surface and the new pump is not operating.
The today existing old heat pump, absorbs the saturated vapours of the volatile fluid and compression is realized and it also absorbs vapour of such category and compresses them and the method of mechanical recompression of vapour applied in the distillation of water.
Due to the above data and the similar conditions, vapours existing in environment temperature at the top of the left column at the initial left movement of the piston of the first circle, the compression of vapour will be realized, as well as the one of following circles, since the upper mass of the fluid of the column will remain always hotter than the fluid of its lower part, where the cold condensate enters.
Following we will investigate a second factor, the one of inertia of matter, that is the wet column will follow the quick movement of the piston during its descending course or no volumn of V vapour will be created for the next
compression.
The above is not possible to happen, since at the harmful area there are condensed vapours from the previous compression which will act with pressure on the surface of the wet column and will give an instant acceleration to the wet column which will follow the movement of the piston, but if this as well would not happen, we would anyway have in the mass of the column vapour pockets from the automatic evaporation and we would not be troubled by such a possibility, since we would have a distinction of two phases for the next compression. Beyond the above two cases we investigated, a neccessary presumption for the operation of the pump is to keep the same fluid levels in both columns and for this reason we add at the base of the apparatus two back valves, the 14 and 15 in the two communication tubes of the two columns, of predetermined opening pressure for each one, which with their operation as an automatism for the control of the fluid level, transfer automatically the likely superfluous fluid of one column to another column, as we clarify in the just next example:
Let us suppose that during the operation of the pump the vapours at the top of the left column have a pressure of 2 bar and compressed to a single grade and impassable in volume 0,3 V at the top of the right column reach to a pressure of 7 bar. If now in the left column there is superfluous fluid from any cause, then due to the lifting property the float of the top of 3 will ascend and the pressure of the fluid will increase excessively, since fluids are not compressed and then the upper valve 14 of the base of the apparatus will open and the superfluous fluid will pass automatically to the fluid of the right column which probably was lost, since the circuit of fluids-vapours is closed and their mass is not increased-reduced.
If now the piston will move to the right, we will have a two-graded impassable compression of the vapour of the right column, where pressure will reach the 22 bar and thus if there will be a superfluous fluid and in increase of pressure over than 22 bar, valve 15 will open and the fluid will pass automatically to the left column which obviously has lost it and which descends with fall of pressure, whilst pressure in right column will come back automatically to a pressure of 22 bar. During the regressions of the piston the wet particles of the cooling mean at the base of the apparatus are heated by the frictions of the piston and of the
walls of the cylinder, but such particles are expanded and move due to the lifting property to the tops of the columns where they release most of the heat to alternators of vertical tubes which exist there, as we will mention and we will speak about their mission. Due to the above operation of the hydraulic pump, it has the possibility to develop greater pressures than the todays two-grade compressors of dry operation and we will take advantage of this fact in order to succeed the upgrading of sun heat taken by the pump from the environment in order to use it for other purposes as well, beyond central heating, like: distillation of water solutions and other laboratory uses, where we will not be dependent from oil and from the other harmful energy forms.
With the possibility of increase the pressure of vapour we will have, we will increase their heat and we will move the point of condensation upwards and thus taking the condensation heat of vapours in higher temperatures with the flow of an external fluid which has the mission to take away and transfer heat for the above purposes.
That is we adjust or there are from their construction, at the top of every hydrostatic column, exactly under the vapour compression cylinders, a small alternator of vertical tubes 1 and 12 respectively and through them the external fluid is moving and receives during the operation of the pump first the heat of frictions of the wet particles of the cooling mean we mentioned, afterwards the heat of the excessing heat in order to change vapours to saturated ones and finally it receives the great amounts of dormant heat of condensation of vapours. In order to be able to receive from the enxternal fluid of the above heat quantities, this must move in a stable and strong cover or an alternator, in order to be able to increase temperature and pressure, which cover must include the snake-form tube for the condensation of vapour, that is the snake-form tube must be immersed in the circulation fluid. The above fluid, after having succeeded the above mentioned purposes and rejecting almost the total of the transferred heat, it comes back almost cooled or somehow hot from the beginning of its entrance to the alternators to continue the same job, with some adjustment of flow, pressure, temperature and quantity. There are many cooling means today which have an area of evaporation- condensation, in order to satisfy the above upgrading, that is the R114 which is
in accessive for the hydraulic pump pressures of 15 and 31 bars, the temperatures of condensation are respectively 122° C and 145° C and there is a sufficient difference of temperature with the one of 100°C at which temperature water is boiling in order to succeed release of excessive heat and condensation of vapours in order to succeed the distillation of water.
If from figure 1 of the hydraulic heat pump we will remove the tube along its whole length, then valve 9 up to the batterfly valve 13, until its entrance at the lower base of the left column and lift the alternators 1 and 12 in the vapour compression cylinders and furthermore add an absorbtion valve at the top of the left column, then we will have the apparatus of figure 2, that is a two-graded hydraulic air compressor with an adjustable piston which addresses to the compression of air and gases according to the isothermal way, since the above gases do not react nor are solved in the hydraulic operation fluid of this hydraulic compressor, it is possible that there is no need of valves 14 and 15 or to add them likely at the top of each column.
Finally we see that in the above two apparatus of figures 1 and 2 the parts of tubes between 4, 7 and 4, 8 during the operation of the apparatus capture respectively or gases and do not form harmful areas.
When we are speaking for an upgrading of sun energy we mean that it will be effected by great • industrial pumps with interventions of special coolants, with maintenance and monitoring and- we can even take advantage of the sun heat, by using collectors with the circulation of fluid they will content and the lower left snake-form tube, or the above fluid which returns to the alternators with small temperatures will come through it, in order to take advantage even of those heat amounts, since of course we are not interested in the case of cooling. For the proper water tightness of the apparatus, if this is not succeeded by an oakum, then we add two oakums to the regression department of the external part of the rod 16,21 and 18,19 having a distance between them and we adjust on the rod a stable ring 20, which follows the movement of the rod between the two stable bases of the oakums and in this way it compresses and introduces to the apparatus likely lost fluids-vapours with the help of back valves 21 and 20, which operate at the lower part of the first oakum and of the ring and the part of the rod which ncludes all of them is tightly and water-tightly adjusted to the right base of the apparatus.
Figure 3 shows the conical termination of pillars bearing floaters in them.