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Title:
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REMOVING AIRBORNE POLLUTANTS
Document Type and Number:
WIPO Patent Application WO/2005/039778
Kind Code:
A1
Abstract:
The invention relates to a procedure for conducting away and cleaning airborne pollutants in spaces, especially indoor environments. In accordance with the invention, the procedure comprises the stages of: Utilizing on or more supply cables or alternating current lines (1) situated or arranged in or adjacent to the space to be cleaned for the purpose, with the help thereof, of attracting particles/gases electomagnetically; ensuring that displacement of the aforementioned particles/ gases takes place along the aforementioned lines (1) into a heater (2); heating up the aforementioned particles/gases in the aforementioned heater (2); Bringing the aforementioned particles/gases towards or into contact with a piece (5) of a metal or a metal alloy by means of a suction/pressure fan(4). The invention also relates to an arrangement.

Inventors:
SKOGSBERG CHRISTER (SE)
CYGANSKA KRYSTYNA (SE)
AUSLAND TORE (NO)
Application Number:
PCT/SE2004/001516
Publication Date:
May 06, 2005
Filing Date:
October 19, 2004
Export Citation:
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Assignee:
SKOGSBERG CHRISTER (SE)
CYGANSKA KRYSTYNA (SE)
AUSLAND TORE (NO)
International Classes:
A61L9/16; B03C1/30; F24F3/16; (IPC1-7): B03C3/01; B03C3/017; B03C3/16; F24F3/16
Domestic Patent References:
WO2003002261A12003-01-09
Foreign References:
US5595587A1997-01-21
GB1236472A1971-06-23
Attorney, Agent or Firm:
CEGUMARK AB (Göteborg, SE)
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Claims:
PATENT CLAIMS
1. Procedure for conducting away and cleaning airborne pollutants in spaces, especially indoor environments, characterized in that it comprises the stages of: utilizing one or more supply cables or alternating current lines (1) situated or arranged in or adjacent to the space to be cleaned for the purpose, with the help thereof, of attracting particles/gases electromagnetically; ensuring that displacement of the aforementioned particles/gases takes place along the aforementioned lines (1) into a heater (2); heating up the aforementioned particles/gases in the aforementioned heater (2) ; bringing the aforementioned particles/gases towards or into contact with a piece (5) of a metal or a metal alloy by means of a suction/pressure fan (4).
2. Procedure in accordance with Patent Claim 1, characterized in that supply cables or alternating current lines (1) already present in the space are used to attract particles/gases electromagnetically.
3. Procedure in accordance with one or other of the foregoing Patent Claims, characterized in that it comprises the stages of arranging one or more supply cables or alternating current lines (1) in the space for the purpose of attracting particles/gases electromagnetically.
4. Procedure'in accordance with one or other of the foregoing Patent Claims, characterized in that the heater (2) consists of a duct heater (2), and in that the aforementioned duct heater (2) comprises pulsecontrolled heating elements (3).
5. Procedure in accordance with one or other of the foregoing Patent Claims, characterized in that it also comprises the stage of: immersing the piece (5) in a vessel (8) in such a way that the piece (5) comes into contact intermittently with liquid (7) for the purpose of removing the particles/gases that have become attached to/oxidized on the piece (5) and collecting these (9) in the aforementioned vessel (8).
6. Procedure in accordance with one or other of the foregoing Patent Claims, characterized in that it also comprises the stage of: rinsing the aforementioned piece (5) with a liquid (7) which is pumped up through a duct (12) in such a way that the piece (5) comes into contact intermittently with liquid (7) for the purpose of removing the particles/gases that have become attached to/oxidized on the piece (5) and collecting these (9) in the aforementioned vessel (8).
7. A procedure in accordance with Patent Claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the liquid (7) consists of water at a low temperature.
8. Procedure in accordance with one or other of the foregoing Patent Claims, characterized in that. the heating stage involves heating up the piece (5) to between 600 and 800°C.
9. Procedure in accordance with one or other of the foregoing Patent Claims, characterized in that a piece (5) consisting of copper or a copper alloy is used.
10. Procedure in accordance with one or other of the foregoing Patent Claims, characterized in that it also comprises the stage of oxygenating the liquid (7).
11. Procedure in accordance with Patent Claim 10, characterized in that the oxygenation is performed by forcing ozone into a duct system (30) preferably made from stainless steel of an appropriate length to ensure that the conversion of the ozone/03 into oxygen/02 is able to take place before it reaches the liquid vessel (8).
12. Procedure in accordance with one or other of the foregoing Patent Claims, characterized in that it also comprises the stage of: adding, in an intermittent fashion, halogen substances to the liquid (7), preferably fluorine.
13. Arrangement for conducting away and cleaning airborne pollutants in spaces, especially indoor environments, in conjunction with which the arrangement consists of a heater (2), a piece (5) of a metal or a metal alloy and a suction/pressure fan (4), characterized in that the arrangement comprises one or more supply cables or alternating current lines (1) or utilizes existing supply cables or alternating current lines (1), in which the aforementioned cables/lines (1) are situated or arranged in or adjacent to the space to be cleaned, in that the aforementioned cables/lines (1) attract and convey particles/gases into the heater (2), in that the heater (2) heats up the aforementioned particles/gases, and in that the aforementioned heated particles/gases are brought towards or into contact with the piece (5) with the help of the suction/pressure fan (4).
14. Arrangement in accordance with Patent Claim 13, characterized in that the aforementioned heater (2) is a duct heater (2) with pulsecontrolled heating elements (3) arranged therein.
15. Arrangement in accordance with Patent Claims 13 or 14, characterized in that the arrangement in conjunction with the piece (5) consists of a vessel (8) containing a liquid (7), and in that the piece (5), by immersion or rinsing, is brought intermittently into contact with the aforementioned liquid (7) for the purpose of removing particles/gases that have become attached to/oxidized on the piece (5) and collecting these in the aforementioned vessel (8).
16. Arrangement in accordance with Patent Claim 15, characterized in that the liquid (7) comprises water at a low temperature.
17. Arrangement in accordance with one or other of Patent Claims 1316, characterized in that the piece (5) consists of copper or a copper alloy.
18. Arrangement in accordance with one or other of Patent Claims 1317, characterized in that the arrangement includes an ozone unit (29) for the purpose of introducing ozone into a duct system (30) arranged adjacent to the liquid vessel (8) and of an appropriate length to ensure that conversion of the ozone/03 into oxygen/02 is able to take place before the oxygen particles reach the liquid vessel (8).
19. Arrangement in accordance with one or other of Patent Claims 1318, characterized in that it includes a detector and a metering device (24) arranged in conjunction with the liquid in order to provide the liquid (7) with halogen substances, preferably fluorine, in order to ensure that the liquid (7) maintains a low electronegativity.
20. Arrangement in accordance with one or other of Patent Claims 1319, characterized in that the cleaning takes place in an area separate from the area that is to be cleaned and is surrounded by an acoustically insulated and/or fireresistant enclosure (23).
21. Arrangement in accordance with one or other of Patent Claims 1320, characterized in that at least one copper handle (27,28) is connected to the arrangement, so that individuals are able, by touching the handles, to cause the electron transport to occur themselves and to check this with a biovoltmeter.
22. Arrangement in accordance with one or other of Patent Claims 1321, characterized in that the aforementioned one or more supply cables or alternating current lines (1) consist of supply cables or alternating current lines (1) already existing inside the space.
23. Arrangement in accordance with one or other of Patent Claims 1322, characterized in that the aforementioned one or more supply cables or alternating current lines (1) are additional supply cables or alternating current lines (1) which in normal circumstances are not present inside the space. Table 1 (mg/kg) Substance Quantity Sodium 78. 4 Potassium 165 Magnesium 275 Calcium 407 Iron 509 Phosphorus 1150 Sulphur 59. 8 Aluminium 942 Copper 757 000 Manganese 11.9 Zinc 1390 Lead 9600 Cadmium <0.4 Vanadium 1.6 Nickel 3. 3 Titanium 14.1 Chromium 5. 7 Cobalt 1. 9 Barium 13.1 Molybdenum <1.5 Arsenic 6.3 Table 2 (mg/kg) Substance Quantity Sodium 3100 Potassium 708 Magnesium 827 Calcium7980 Iron 1030 Phosphorus <8 Sulphur 523 Aluminium 2370 Copper 744 000 Manganese 59.2 Zinc 451 Lead 302 Cadmium <0.4 Vanadium 2.4 Nickel Titanium 75.4 Chromium 8.5 Cobalt Barium 16.6 Molybdenum <1.5 Arsenic <5.
Description:
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REMOVING AIRBORNE POLLUANTS Technical field The present invention relates to a procedure for conducting away airborne pollutants from a space that is to be cleaned and into a space where the aforementioned pollutants can be treated.

The invention also relates to an arrangement which conducts away airborne pollutants from a space that is to be cleaned and into a space where the aforementioned pollutants can be treated.

Prior art Poor air quality is a major problem and a strong contributory factor to the high illness index that we have today, and it is the subject of continuous debate, in particular in respect of the poor air quality at our places of work, in the home, on the underground and above all in public areas such as pubs and restaurants. In many workplaces, above all in the production industry, workers are exposed on a daily basis to very unhealthy air conditions. Those persons who live in areas with high levels of radon are exposed even more frequently to unhealthy air. Another frequently encountered problem arises in restaurants and pubs, when large numbers of people are forced into a small space among all kinds of fumes and cigarette smoke.

A new American study has revealed, among other things, that it is possible to inhale 49 more carcinogenic substances in a pub than on a motorway carrying busy traffic.

The most common solution to the problem of poor air quality is to provide good ventilation. In many cases, however, this solution is anything but satisfactory. Another solution,

which tends to make the problem worse, is fans, which generally speaking only cause the unhealthy particles to be displaced inside the room. Other solutions consist of so-called electrical filters comprising electrically charged plates, which attract particles that are present in the room.

Shown in SE-A-9702195 is an arrangement which cleans the air locally above a smoking place. Cleaning is effected by the air being sucked upwards from the place and filtered before it is conducted away.

US-A-5595587 shows an arrangement for cleaning gas or vapour comprising a fan arranged in a duct which conveys dusty and smoky air through the duct. Nozzles that are connected to high-voltage sources are so arranged as to spray water onto the fan. The electrically charged drops of water attract particles and other pollutants and convey these to earthed plates, on which they are collected. The arrangement is enormously impractical in practice and also comprises high voltage in order to ionize the particles, which is associated with a risk to the health in the event of physical contact.

WO 03/002261 Al shows an air cleaning device consisting of a metal plate heated by direct current and subjected to a low voltage, the potential difference of which plate attracts charged and primarily odour-emitting air particles. When these particles encounter the plate, the particles are caused to burn and turn into soot, which can then be rinsed away with water.

This arrangement assumes that the air cleaning arrangement is present in the space where the problem/symptom exists. The arrangement is also restricted in terms of the quantity and the type of particles that can be cleaned. If a competing electrical apparatus is present in the vicinity of the arrangement, its performance is drastically reduced.

Considerable needs exist, therefore, with regard to cleaning of the air in enclosed spaces. None of the above- mentioned arrangements cleans the air in a satisfactory fashion, and cleaning takes place with the arrangements in US-A-5595587 and in WO 03/002261 Al directly adjacent to the premises. One requirement, therefore, is to make available a procedure and an arrangement in which the air that is to be cleaned is conveyed into another space, where the air is cleaned, and that other types of charged/ionised particles including radon gas/radon daughters can also be displaced to the aforementioned cleaning space, regardless of the presence inside the space to be cleaned of any other electrical apparatus providing competing attraction, such as 3-phase or 380 Volts.

Description of the invention The object of the present invention is thus to provide a procedure and an arrangement which resolve the aforementioned problems. The aforementioned object is achieved by means of a procedure in accordance with the present invention, which is characterized essentially in that it comprises the stages of: - utilizing one or more supply cables or alternating current lines situated or arranged in or adjacent to the space to be cleaned for the purpose, with the help thereof, of attracting particles/gases electromagnetically; ensuring that displacement of the aforementioned particles/gases takes place along the aforementioned lines into a heater; - heating up the aforementioned particles/gases in the aforementioned heater;

- bringing the aforementioned particles/gases towards or into contact with a piece of a metal or a metal alloy by means of a suction/pressure fan.

The object is also achieved by means of an arrangement which is characterized essentially in that the arrangement comprises one or more supply cables or alternating current lines or utilizes existing supply cables or alternating current lines, in which the aforementioned supply cables or alternating current lines are situated in or adjacent to the space to be cleaned, in that the aforementioned supply cables or alternating current lines attract and convey particles/gases into the heater, in that the heater heats up the aforementioned particles/gases, and in that the aforementioned heated particles/gases are brought with the help of the suction/pressure fan towards or into contact with the piece.

Preferred illustrative embodiments are indicated in the dependent Patent Claims.

Brief description of the drawings The invention is described below in a non-restrictive fashion and for illustrative purposes with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 shows a schematic outline of an arrangement in accordance with one embodiment of the invention; Figure 2 shows a schematic outline of an arrangement in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the invention; Figure 3 shows a schematic outline of an arrangement in accordance. with a further alternative embodiment of the invention; Figure 4 shows a preferred appearance of a specific part of an arrangement in accordance with the invention.

Detailed description of the invention A procedure for cleaning premises or a space from airborne pollutants of all kinds is described below with reference to Figure 1. For cleaning purposes, alternating current lines or supply cables 1 existing inside the premises are connected to the arrangement in accordance with the present invention; see Figure 1. It is also possible to provide lines which under normal circumstances are not present in the space to be cleaned, and to connect these to the arrangement. These preferably generate a stronger magnetic field than the usual ordinary lines. Formed around these either existing or provided alternating current lines or supply cables 1 is an electromagnetic field, which attracts charged particles and gases that are present in the room. These substances are then able to be displaced, or to"vagabond", along the lines 1 and into the arrangement. Studies have shown that the electromagnetic field can"vagabond"along electric cables and water pipes. If an attractive force is present adjacent to these pipes, the electromagnetic field will"vagabond"towards this attractive force together with a large proportion of the associated electrostatic energy and/or radioactive particles. By attracting the electromagnetic field which surrounds alternating current lines in this way, charged particles as well as particles emitting both alpha, beta and gamma radiation are conducted into the arrangement.

The air with associated substances that are introduced from outside is forced or drawn through a heater 2, preferably in the form of a duct heater with an internal heating element 3 having a so-called pulsar function, that is to say that the heating element 3 is controlled and regulated by pulsing between

low and high electrical energy input respectively. The heating element 3 possesses such high temperatures that a glow point is produced and varies, for example, between 600 and 800°C. The heated air is forced through the heater 2 with the help of a suction/pressure fan 4 and carries with it the substances, gases, particles and aerosols that are conveyed in via the line 1 towards a piece 5 which consists of a metal or a metal alloy with which the particles/gases that have been conveyed into the arrangement react. The piece 5 preferably consists of copper, since copper is a metal that has the ability to adopt a number of different oxidation stages and is also easy to machine. The piece 5 thus provides the aforementioned attractive force, which draws in the substances which surround the alternating current lines that are present in the space that is to be cleaned, and the higher the temperature of the piece 5, the greater the number of particles that are attracted by the arrangement. The piece 5 is suspended from a heat-resistant cord 10 or similar suspension arrangement and hangs close to the outlet from the heater 2. Present beneath the piece 5 and the heater 2 is a vessel 8, which contains a liquid 7. The liquid 7 also contributes to the attraction of particles. This liquid 7 preferably comprises water at a low temperature, since the ability of water to bind gases increases in proportion to the coldness of the water-down to 4°C. This ability is almost non- existent above 34°C, however. The piece 5 is arranged in such a way that it can either be immersed in the fluid 7 with a simple manoeuvre, or it can be rinsed off with liquid 7 which, with the help of a circulation pump 11, has been pumped up through a duct 12. The piece 5 reacts continuously with the heated air, and in order to facilitate this reaction the piece 5 should come into contact with the liquid 7 at regular intervals, as the piece 5

is then cooled down and a layer 9 of the substances that have reacted with the piece 5 will then be released from the piece 5 and will be collected in the bottom of the vessel 8. The air that is forced against the piece 5-if it consists of copper- should preferably be maintained a temperature between 600°C, at which sulphur chemically breaks down copper, and 800°C, at which hydrogen/hydrogen gas chemically breaks down the same copper.

The piece 5 is situated inside a four-way duct 6, preferably made of aluminium, because aluminium has an excellent ability to stop beta and alpha radiation. The vapour that is formed in conjunction with the contact between the piece 5 and the liquid 7 escapes upwards from the four-way duct 6.

Shown in Figure 2 is an alternative embodiment of the invention. The principle is the same as above, with the qualification that an additional fan 18 conveys air in via a duct 16, which conveys air into the liquid 7 and then distributes the air in the liquid 7 with the help of nozzles 13.

This produces a cooling effect on the liquid 7. A level monitor 14 ensures that the water level is maintained at the desired level. An air duct 17 is also indicated, and this conveys air into the fan 4.

Shown in Figure 3 is a further alternative embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment the arrangement is surrounded by an acoustically insulated and fire-resistant enclosure 23, because the arrangement can otherwise constitute a fire risk in certain spaces, as it operates at very high temperatures, but it can also be unpleasant to those who are present in its vicinity due to the relatively loud hissing noise that it generates.

The air supply referred to in relation to the embodiment in Figure 2 has been further improved in this embodiment. The liquid is oxygenated by means of an ozone unit 29, which forces

ozone into a duct system 30 preferably made from stainless steel of an appropriate length to ensure that the conversion of the ozone/03 into oxygen/02 is able to take place before it reaches the liquid vessel. A detector and metering device 24 is present in conjunction with the liquid in order to detect when the need arises to provide the liquid 7 with halogen substances, preferably fluorine, and in this case provides the liquid with these substances. It is important for the substance that is added to the liquid to possess high electronegativity so that substances/aerosols which emit alpha radiation remain in the water and are not dispersed into the surroundings.

At least one copper handle 27,28 can be connected to the arrangement, so that individuals are able, by touching the handles, to test the start of electron transport and/or to cause the electron transport to occur themselves and to check this with a biovoltmeter, which is a device used to measure voltage in the human body.

Instead of using a single vessel, as in previous embodiments, two vessels are used in this case. A collection vessel 23 is used, in which all waste is collected and which is connected to a lower vessel 8 via an overflow 19 with associated outlet pipes which return the coolant/reaction liquid to the subjacent vessel 8.

A vacuum suction device or a vacuum cleaner 32 is used, of which the suction duct/suction hose 33 exits via the side of the enclosure 23 in such a way that the supply cable 1 exits via the suction duct/suction hose 33 and runs inside it. The arrangement is also provided with at least one valve communicating with the outside air with a controller/locking means 34.

Shown in Figure 4 is a preferred embodiment of the piece 5. The piece 5 consists of two parts 5a and 5b, where 5a is the part that is situated closest to the outgoing air from the heater 2. This part is provided with holes 40, which means that the total surface which reacts with the particles is increased in size compared with a flat surface. An advantage achieved with this embodiment is that the distance between the part-the front surface on part 5a-which first comes into contact with the air and the part 5b is increased, which means that the air is able to cool down before it comes into contact with the rear part 5b. This offers major advantages in the sense that copper is more reactive with certain substances at high temperatures and is more reactive with certain substances at lower temperatures.

Table 1 shows the result of an analysis carried out in a restaurant/pub. The analysis was performed on the waste that had become detached from the piece 5 and had been collected in the subjacent vessel. The piece was made of pure copper, and the quantity of copper was clearly dominant for this reason. A noticeable feature of this analysis is the relatively high quantity of phosphorus. This is presumably explained by the fact that a dishwasher which uses phosphorus in conjunction with the cleaning process was positioned next to the arrangement.

Table 2 shows the result of an analysis carried out in a premises which suffers from major problems with high radon levels, and which has also been exposed to the effects of oil.

The oil in this case dissolved the concrete, which explains the high levels of the substances sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium, which are commonly present in concrete, that were measured in the analysis. A significant feature of all the tests and analyses that were carried out is that high contents of

these substances, which are commonly present in concrete, were found. It is thus possible to arrive at the conclusion that concrete, and in particular concrete that has been exposed to moisture, releases substances that are attracted by the directional electromagnetism which surrounds the alternating current lines that are present in the premises.

The invention is naturally not restricted to the embodiments described above and illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Modifications are possible, in particular with regard to the nature of the various parts, or by the use of comparable technologies, but without for that reason departing from the area of protection afforded in the Patent Claims.