2. BACKGROUND ART From an existing level of engineering concerning considered area, closest on set of attributes to the declared invention, is the way of laser formation of the three-dimensional images in firm (optical) environments carried out by focusing of laser radiation in the given point of volume of firm environment and density of capacity of an irradiation, which exceeds threshold meaning of volumetric penetration (piercing) of a material and moving of a sample concerning a laser beam under the given law in three mutually perpendicular planes (patent of Russian Federation N° 2008288, IPC' : C 03 C 23/00, publ. 25.07.1996r.).

The declared invention coincides with a known method of laser formation of the three- dimensional images in firm environments, on the following set of essential attributes, namely: . formation of the three-dimensional image in firm environment is carried out by focusing of laser radiation in given point in volume of a material with density of capacity exceeding threshold meaning volumetric penetration (piercing) of a processable material and moving it concerning laser beam according to the given law in three mutually perpendicular planes.

3. DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION However the known method of laser formation of the three-dimensional images in firm environments does not provide technical result of the declared invention, that is caused by set of operations, essential to its realisation, and modes of their performance, which at formation of discrete fragments of the image do not provide stabilisation of the given sizes of a fragment on three axes, that results in infringement of integrity of internal volume of a processable firm optical material at the expense of formation of cracks outside of formation of discrete fragments, and results either in the destruction of firm optical environment, or in the infringement the diagrams of the received image in one or several planes.

The task, on the solution of it the invention is directed, consists in creation of such method of laser formation of the three-dimensional images in firm environments, when discrete fragments of the given sizes will be formed under influence of laser radiation in firm optical environment, without infringement of integrity of the processable firm optical environment

outside of volume of a discrete fragment, that will prevent its destruction and will ensure quality of the three-dimensional image.

The task is solved in a way of laser formation of the three-dimensional image in firm environment which is carried out by focusing of laser radiation in a given point in volume of firm optical environment with density of capacity exceeding threshold meaning volumetric penetration (piercing) of a processable material, exceeding threshold meaning, concerning a laser beam according to the given law in three mutually perpendicular planes that according to a subject of the invention, the image is form by discrete fragments formed at duration of a pulse of laser radiation which provides localisation of structural changes within the limits of the given size for processable optical environment, and with distances centre to centre of discrete fragments greater, than two sections of such fragments.

Declared set of essential attributes provides technical result consisting in reception of discrete fragments, from which three-dimensional image in volume of firm optical environment is formed, with precise division of a discrete fragment and other volume of firm optical environment, i. e. without infringements of integrity of structure of volume of firm optical environment, bordering on such fragments, that provides increases of quality of the formed three-dimensional images and prevents destruction of firm optical environment.

Particular cases of performance of the declared invention are: -duration of pulses of laser radiation for glass choose = 5 10-7 sec. ; -the focusing of radiation in optical environment on depth Z determine as: Z=Fn Where: Z-the depth of focus in firm optical environment ; F-focal length in vacuum ; n-factor of refraction of firm optical environment, that provides additional technical result consisting in maintenance of formation of the image without infringement of a situation of discrete fragments concerning axes of the image; -the formation of discrete fragments is carried out on distance not less than 1 mm from border of the unit of processable firm optical environment-external environment, that provides additional technical result consisting in preservation of integrity of a surface of firm optical environment.

The offered way is being carried out as follows.

Homogeneous firm optical environment, for example, colourless transparent glass, or painted transparent glass, minerals, polymeric materials, with a coefficient of passing of a spectrum in a visible area and in the area of near infra-red radiation more than 50 %, external surface of which is polished, is influenced with a laser beam, from any known type of the generator of coherent radiation on length of a wave, for which optical environment is transparent or is translucent, for formation of volumetric discrete fragments, of which the image is formed.

The formation of volumetric discrete fragments of the given size is carried out by transformation of parameters of a laser beam by means of its passage through the system of diaphragms and filters of any known construction.

The formation of the image is carried out by creation of discrete volumetric fragments at the given points of volume of a firm optical material, for example, glass K-8 (density of capacity 5 l01 1 Vt/cm2), by its moving relatively to a laser beam under the given law, thus distance centre to centre of such discrete fragments is established larger, than double section of such volumetric discrete fragment, thus influence is carried out at duration of a pulse of laser radiation 510-7, which provides localisation of structural changes within the limits of a discrete fragment, and the depth of a volumetric discrete fragment on an axis Z is determined as Z=Fn where: F-focal length in vacuum; n-coefficient of refraction of used firm optical environment.

The volumetric discrete fragments, which form an outside surface of the created three- dimensional image, form on distance not less than 1 mm from border of the unit processable firm optical environment-external environment.

The three-dimensional image, received on a described above declared way in firm optical environment is created by volumetric discrete fragments, with precise border of such fragments and firm optical environment, without infringement of integrity of structure of volume of firm optical environment, bordering with such fragments, that provides increase of quality of the received three-dimensional image and prevents destruction of firm optical environment.

4. THE BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION.

Laser formation of the three-dimensional image is carried out in firm optical environment, as which colourless transparent glass K-8 with factor of refraction n = 1,38 is used, which surface is polished.

The formation of volumetric discrete fragments is carried out with the help of a source coherent radiation, on a basis of garnet with neodymium with length of a wave 1,06 microns. Density of capacity of radiation and size of fragments is adjusted by methods, known for such purpose, with the help of diaphragm, filters and shutters, and established on size 5 10 t 1 Vt/cm2, which exceeds a threshold of destruction of a glass K-8.

The duration of pulses is 5 10-7suc., that interferes with spontaneous development of cracks at formation of volumetric discrete fragments.

The influence of a laser beam on internal volume of firm optical environment is carried out by moving firm optical environment under the given law relatively to a laser beam in three mutually perpendicular planes, at the specified parameters of laser radiation, and the distance between centres of volumetric discrete fragments is not less than two sections of fragments. At the specified parameters of laser radiation the section of volumetric discrete fragments makes 100 microns and the distance between their centres-200 microns.

The depth of formation of volumetric discrete fragments in volume of a processable glass on an axis Z is equivalent to: Z=Fn where: F-focal length in vacuum; n-factor of refraction of firm optical environment, that the maximal depth of processing makes 69 mm. for a glass K-8 with factor of refraction n = 1,38 and F = 50 mm. Thus minimal distance of formation of volumetric discrete fragments from border of the unit processable glass-external environment makes not less than 1 mm.

The received three-dimensional image is characterised by high clearness of lines, forming it; it does not contain cracks between volumetric discrete fragments of the image, and also on a surface of the unit is the processable glass-external environment.

5. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILATY.

The present invention can be in the best way utilised for obtaining any image in a volume of a glass