METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR TREATMENT, DESALINATION AND STERILIZATION OF WATER BY BOILING AT AMBIENT TEMPERATURE

WITH REDUCED PRESSURE

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention related to mechanics of liquids and also related to the mechanism, apparatus and methods to treat and sterilize the water at the ambient temperature and transferring it to the storage tank or urban water supply system.

DESCRIPTION OF PRIOR ART

One of the most essential human needs is access to drinking water without salts and pollutions. Only 3% of all water on earth is fresh water, and 2.3% of this 3% is in inaccessible glaciers. As a result, the total available fresh water is one percent of the total water, and this water is not produced in a balanced way on earth, so water purification and desalination is inevitable.

There are several methods of water purification, each with its own disadvantages. Among them, there is need to complex equipment, filter replacement, and also a lot of energy, and as a result contain environmental pollution, cost and time consuming, high maintenance costs. As a result, most existing methods are not cost effective.

The purpose of this invention is to desalinate, remove solutes and pollution of water and sterilize water at the lowest cost as fast as possible and with the simplest equipment in all critical and non-critical conditions in a way that can be implemented by most people and can be connected to all existing urban water distribution and pumping systems.

Some of inventions which are patented in this field are as below:

An US patent No. US8877690B2 granted on 04/11/2014 titled “Treatment of gas well production wastewaters” provided evaporation based waste water treatment method which can involve crystallizing sodium chloride by evaporation of the wastewater brine with concurrent production of liquor comprising calcium chloride solution. Also various metal sulfates, such as barium sulfate, can be removed from the wastewater in the production of the wastewater brine. According to the mentioned invention evaporating the wastewater brine in an evaporator to form water and evaporation products is done in which the evaporation products comprising crystalline sodium chloride and a liquor comprising from about 25% by weight to about 60% by weight calcium chloride based on the total weight of the liquor. Then the evaporation product is filtered to form a retentate comprising crystalline sodium chloride, and a filtrate comprising the liquor.

An European patent No. EP2834197B1 granted on 10/10/2018 titled “Process and device for electrochemical treatment of industrial wastewater and drinking water” provided a multi stage process for electrochemical treatment and separation of heavy metals from industrial wastewater and drinking water contains electrochemical methods, namely electro coagulation, electro oxidation, electro flotation, electrochemical disinfection, UV disinfection, electromagnetic and ultrasonic treatment, flocculation and sedimentation of suspended contamination filtration and oxidation phase.

A French application No. FR3029190A1 filed on 27/11/2014 titled “Desalting unit comprising at least one evaporation basin and associated salt extraction process” provides a desalination unit which includes the evaporation basin comprises several elements of basins whose bottom and walls are watertight; the desalination device comprises a reverse osmosis pump; the desalination device comprises a device for the distillation of the initial aqueous solution; the desalination device comprises a device for electro dialysis of the initial aqueous solution; The invention also proposes a method for extracting salts using a desalination unit as described above, according to which a desalination device of the desalination unit is fed with an initial aqueous solution, said first aqueous solution containing the first concentration of salts greater than said initial concentration in the evaporation basin of the desalination unit; evaporating the water of the first aqueous solution; recovering the salts of the first solution.

A Japanese patent No. JP5693524B2 granted on 01/04/2015 titled “Ship ballast detoxification method and ship” provided a method for treatment of seawater for using in the ships which according to that in the filter installed in the ballast water supply line of the ship, a microorganism separation process is performed to remove microorganisms in the seawater from the pump by a filter filtration method, and then extracted from the ballast water supply line chlorine-containing substance is produced from seawater, or, either of a substance having an oxidizing effect, kill or sterilize the bacteria in the seawater is injected into the ballast water supply line of the lower flow side of the filter Processing and supplying the treated seawater to the ballast water tank via the ballast water supply line and storing the treated seawater. Also a substance having an oxidizing action is an oxidizing agent composed of one or more of hypochlorous acid, hydrogen peroxide, ozone.

A Korean patent No. KR101906344B1 granted on 11/10/2018 titled “Water treatment apparatus” provided a water treatment apparatus capable of sterilizing water stored in a storage tank by generating sterile water containing a substance having sterilizing function through electrolysis and contains A filter unit for purifying raw water, a storage tank connected to the filter unit, an electrolytic sterilizer fixedly installed in a flow path between the filter unit, a drain line connected to the storage tank for discharging water contained in the storage tank, A control unit for controlling the constant mode by the filter unit and the sterilization mode through the electrolytic sterilizer and the drain unit, a circulation line for supplying sterilized water, A flow path switching valve Wherein the sterilization water line is formed as a flow path separate from an integral line connecting the rear end of the post carbon filter and the storage tank. Wherein the circulation line is a constant line connected to an integer line of the front end of the post carbon filter and connecting the inside of the post carbon filter.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is a system and method for the production of pure and potable water from surface waters and non-potable natural water sources so that it is possible to purify and desalinate these waters in the shortest time and at the lowest cost.

The present invention contains from a tick cylinder (figure 1, H) the top end of which is closed and the lower end is open and a bit ticker.

The present cylinder has proportional elevation toward its cross section so that by reducing the pressure in the upper part due to air outlet by means of vacuum pump suction, the said air pressure is reduced and the water in the cylinder is sucked upwards. With further reduction of pressure in the cylinder, the water in the cylinder always tends to decrease due to its weight force, but it will be in equilibrium due to the upper suction power. The higher the height of the cylinder, the greater the possibility of reaching the state of equilibrium between the weight of the water column inside the cylinder with the vacuum suction force created in the upper part. Assuming that the process of reducing the pressure in the upper region continues, the pressure of the upper part goes close to the vacuum pressure. Meanwhile, by reaching a pressure close to vacuum, the surface water molecules have the opportunity to separate from the liquid surface at ambient temperature, and the water in the inner column of the cylinder proceeds to boil by further reducing the pressure. By reaching the equilibrium point between decreasing the pressure and increasing the height of the water column, the water in the upper part of the cylinder start to boil. The separated molecules from the water surface cause forming the vapor phase and becoming it denser. The resulting vapor goes toward vacuum pump (Figure 1, C) through the air outlet (Figure 1, I) and after passing through the pump, on the other side of the pump due to higher pressure converts from gas phase to liquid phase. Then by forming the liquid phase, the collected water aggregate in the existed trap (Figure 1, D) and take out from device for consumption after passing through one way valve (Figure 1, E). This water can flow in the urban water supply system (Figure 5, K) or stored in a water tank.

Inside the Pure Water Storage Tank (Figure 1, F), a number of UV lamps (Figure 2, J) are placed, these lamps eliminate organic contaminants and disinfect the water.

A one-way exhaust valve (Figure 1, A) for exhausting lighter toxic gases and a deaeration valve (Figure 1, B) are provided for the initial air discharge. This primary deaeration valve deaerates the machine when starting work.

The operation of the device is in the way that the device (cylinder) placed in non- potable water (sea water) from the thickness and open side of it so that the contaminated water level is slightly higher than the thickness part of the cylinder (always contaminated water level must remain above the bottom of the cylinder) and non-potable water can flow under the device. Then the one-way valve (Figure 1, E) can connect to the urban water supply system. The urban water system uses a pump with different capacities to transfer water to the target areas (houses), the capacity of which varies depending on the amount of water transferred. By suction of these pumps, a negative pressure is created in the device. This negative pressure causes the water to rise, but due to the weight of the water and its downward pressure, water is prevented from reaching the outlet valve. A proportion must be established between the diameter and height of the treatment column and the pump pressure (which is alternate with the rate of water withdrawal and transfer) so that the column water level does not reach the outlet valve and there is always a distance between the water level and the outlet valve when the pump is running. What happens at this stage is the boiling of water or its evaporation at ambient temperature by reducing pressure, if natural water sources such as seawater or saline water sources use for purification, the boiling point of all compounds in the water are more than water (at a certain temperature and pressure), as a result, only water evaporates and the rest of the elements move down and exit of the column due to their higher density and higher gravity (Figure

3).

Another valve (Figure 1 , G) is installed at the bottom of the cylinder to drain contaminants that cannot be sedimented.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

Figure 1 shows the general image of device which contains: A: exhaust valve for exhausting light toxic gases

B: initial deaeration valve C: gas pump D: water trap E: one-way valve F: pure water storage tank G: contaminant outlet valve that does not sedimented H: Cylinder I: water vapor outlet

Figure 2 shows the upper view of pure water collecting tank J: UV lamps Figure 3 shows the image of sedimented contaminants at the bottom of cylinder

Figure 4 shows the image of vapor transfer unit and converting to liquid and storing in tank.

Figure 5 shows the image of vapor transfer unit and converting to liquid and transferring it to urban water supply system. K: pure water exhausting valve

ADVANTAGES OF INVENTION

One of the most important advantages of this invention over other similar inventions is the simplicity of the device. This device, despite that can completely purify the water in a way that makes it drinkable, is so simple that it can be built and operated by anyone in the shortest possible time. As a result, this device can be used both in normal and critical situations such as floods, earthquakes, wars, as well as in places with limited facilities.

Another advantage of this invention is that it is cheap and can be made with available materials, materials and components that are everywhere. This device has few moving parts and as a result, maintenance costs as well as very little damage, and in addition, the simplicity of the device makes its construction and commissioning costs cheaper.

This device can be used separately in places that do not have access to the urban water supply system as well as in conditions where this system is damaged and also it has the ability to be coupled with the urban water supply system or water storage tanks. If it is coupled to the urban water supply system (or water storage tanks) with the same negative pressure that is created by the water transfer pumping system, the negative pressure of our system is also created and adds only a partial power to the whole set. Another advantage of this invention is that it can be made in any size, to supply any amount of water, whether for domestic or urban use.

This device has the ability to separate different types of contaminants, including solutes, contaminants with boiling point less and more than water, contaminants with the mass less and more than water and organic contaminants, which include all groups of possible water contamination. If the purpose of the water production device is to use in critical situations such as earthquakes, floods, wars, etc., the device can be made in larger quantities and smaller dimensions and connected to each other to increase its power and in case of damage one of them, the rest of set does it work and compensates the lack of damaged unit.