REGARDING AN EMERGENCY THAT OCCURRED AT A FACILITY

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The embodiments disclosed herein relate generally to networking, and relate specifically to devices and systems used to send messages regarding emergencies.

BACKGROUND

[0002] Persons in homes, places of work, and in other facilities use various technologies to report emergencies. For example, a homeowner can report a fire, break-in, medical issue, or other emergency by dialing 911 on a telephone to connect to an emergency operator. Home alarm systems also typically provide devices located in a facility that can send a message in response to a user-identified or sensor-identified emergency. These conventional emergency notification techniques have been most advantageous where the user or alarm device uses a traditional line-based telephone service provided to and associated with the facility. Because such phone service is typically provided for the particular facility, the recipient of the emergency notification is able to quickly and accurately identify the facility at which the emergency is occurring. Such localization, reliability, and convenience are critical components of an emergency response system that may slow down response time if non-existent or faulty.

[0003] Many facilities are no longer associated with traditional line-based telephone service. Many facility users are switching to instead rely upon Internet and cellular networks for voice communication services. Unfortunately, such Internet and cellular networks can be unreliable and provide limited or no capabilities for allowing localization. Wireless phone systems, for example, generally do not adequately permit a control center receiving emergency messages to reliably identify the location of the facility in which an emergency occurred. Dead zones or poor coverage areas also make it difficult for wireless phones to report emergencies. Both of these conditions contribute to slower response times. Messages sent over the Internet, including messages that use Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), use a public network with reliability issues and security vulnerabilities, making the Internet and VoIP

communication poor options for sending emergency messages.

[0004] The use of other types of networks at homes and other facilities is also generally growing. For example, utility meters are commonly located at a facility such as a house or apartment unit to measure consumption of natural gas, water, and electricity. Emerging technologies related to utility usage and metering are providing utility communication networks, such as wireless mesh networks, that allow utility meters to send utility consumption data to a utility company's receiving device or devices. However, because of bandwidth, power, and other constraints, use of such networks has generally been limited to the specific purpose of allowing utility

measurement and usage related communications.

SUMMARY

[0005] Systems and methods are disclosed for transmitting and responding to various types of messages using a mesh network, including messages indicating the

occurrence of an emergency condition. An electronic system at a facility can receive input or an indication of the occurrence of an emergency condition in various ways. Generally, an indication of an occurrence of an emergency condition is a user-activated or automated indication that an emergency has occurred at a facility. In one embodiment, a system comprises one or more devices located at a facility. Such a device or devices receives an indication of an occurrence of an emergency condition at the facility and sends an emergency message through a network. The devices and network may be used for other purposes as well. For example, a wireless or wired mesh network can comprise one or more nodes that also receive and route

measurement data collected by sensors at the facility and other facilities. Examples of such measurement data include consumption measurements for natural gas, water, and electricity. In one embodiment, a monitoring device at a facility receives emergency messages and measurement data and assigns a higher priority to the emergency messages.

[0006] A single transmission component at a facility can, in certain embodiments, be used to send both measurement data and an emergency message. Generally, one or more transmission components at the facility can be used to send measurement data and an emergency message to one or more nodes in the wireless mesh network and ultimately to one or more destinations. In certain embodiments, emergency messages are given a higher priority. The higher priority assigned to emergency messages can be recognized by the transmission components and/or the nodes of the wireless mesh network to allow such messages to traverse the wireless mesh network more quickly than lower priority messages.

[0007] An exemplary system can further comprise a control device that, in response to receiving an emergency message, identifies the emergency location and/or an appropriate emergency response service. Such a control device may also be capable of receiving a confirmation or other responsive message back from an emergency response service and sending messages to the facility, for example, to indicate that the emergency has been recognized and that help is on the way. A control device may additionally or alternatively cause the physical environment at the facility to be monitored, recorded, or changed.

[0008] In certain embodiments, a facility has one or more devices that receive user input indicating a request for assistance to be sent directly to one or more other facilities having devices accessible through a wireless mesh network. For example, if a criminal intrusion occurs at a facility, a user may send a message to one or more neighboring facilities to alert persons at those facilities that an emergency condition has occurred nearby. Such a message can be transmitted from one facility directly to another facility (i.e., without going first to a central location or control device) and may be sent in addition to an emergency message sent to a control device used to receive emergency messages and coordinate appropriate responses. Facility-to-facility messages can also be, as examples, requests for assistance from an occupant at a neighboring facility, alerts, or other types of notifications.

[0009] Embodiments can utilize a utility account associated with a facility to obtain location information and use this information to improve the processes of reporting and responding to emergencies occurring at the facility. Such localization of a facility that has experienced an emergency condition may be accomplished in various ways. In one example, a control device receives an emergency message and accesses a database that stores a utility meter identifier and corresponding address or other type of location information. The location information may be sent to an emergency response service such as a police station, fire station, or hospital to facilitate a response to the emergency. Response messages may also be sent to a facility experiencing an emergency condition to cause interior or exterior lights to turn on or off or to cause doors to lock or unlock. For example, a door may be unlocked to allow speed of entry of emergency response service persons.

[0010] One or more devices at a facility may also receive messages originating from, for example, control centers such as a weather center. In certain embodiments, a weather center may send a message to a device at a facility to alert an occupant that inclement weather is approaching the facility.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[001 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system comprising various devices, components, and sensors at a facility, a wireless mesh network, a control device, and an emergency response service.

[0012] FIG. 2 is a flow diagram showing steps performed by a monitoring device upon receiving various types of messages.

[0013] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the format of a message sent from one facility to another facility or to a node in a wireless mesh network.

[0014] FIG. 4 is a flow diagram showing steps performed by a control device upon receiving an emergency message and measurement data.

[0015] FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a device located at a facility.

[0016] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the format of a message sent from a control device to a facility after the control device receives the message from an emergency response service. [0017] FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a response message sent from an emergency response service to a control device and subsequently over a wireless mesh network to a device at a facility.

[0018] FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of a facility-to-facility message being sent from a device at one facility directly to a device at one or more other facilities.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Embodiments will be described more fully with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram which is comprised of a device 50, sensors 20a - 20c, a monitoring device 60, a transmission component 62, a wireless mesh network 70, a monitoring station 100, and emergency response services 110.

[0020] In various embodiments, facility 15 of FIG. 1 may be a house, apartment unit, or any place of dwelling, business, occupancy, or other location that is otherwise associated with a node of a wireless mesh network. The facility 15 can include areas within the dwelling confines of a location as well as surrounding areas in proximity to the dwelling confines. For example, devices and components described herein can be located inside or outside of the interior space of a house or apartment unit.

[0021] Device 50 of FIG. 1 is located at facility 15 and in certain embodiments receives user input indicating an occurrence of an emergency condition. The device 50 may be a low-cost device equipped with one or more buttons 210, 220, 230 and a display screen 240, and may also comprise equipment 250 for audio communication (as shown in FIG. 5). Device 50 could provide other functions, for example, acting as a thermostat, alarm interface, or could be a part of another appliance, such as an air conditioning unit. A user may press the one or more buttons 210, 220, or 230 on device 50 to alert emergency response services such as fire stations, police stations, or hospitals that an emergency has occurred.

[0022] In this embodiment, upon receiving an indication of an occurrence of an emergency condition, the device 50 sends a message to the monitoring device 60 (as shown in FIG. 1 ) by way of the home area network 55 for routing to the wireless mesh network 70. Home area network 55 may in some embodiments use the ZIGBEE® protocol for routing messages. The monitoring device 60, in addition to receiving the message regarding the emergency condition from device 50, may also receive a message regarding an occurrence of an emergency condition from sensors 20a - 20c at the facility 15. The sensors 20a - 20c may monitor the physical environment at the facility 15 and automatically detect an indication of an occurrence of an emergency condition such as a fire or criminal intrusion and send an appropriate message to the monitoring device 60. FIG. 1 shows three sensors but fewer or more may be used. Multiple sensors 20a - 20c may be placed at different locations within facility 15 to detect one type of emergency such as a fire, or multiple sensors may be used to detect various types of emergencies.

[0023] In addition to receiving messages regarding the occurrence of an emergency condition, the monitoring device 60 may also receive measurement data. In some embodiments, the measurement data may be comprised of measurements for the consumption of natural gas, water, or electricity at the facility 15. In one example, the measurements data is received in the monitoring device 60, which sends the

measurements data to the transmission component 62. The transmission component 62 can send the measurement data to a node in the wireless mesh network 70. A utility meter may be used in some embodiments to receive the measurement data that is sent to the transmission component 62 or the monitoring device 60. In other embodiments, a utility meter or a single device may comprise both the monitoring device 60 and the transmission component 62.

[0024] The monitoring device 60 can further comprise logic that parses each incoming message to determine the type of message it receives. In one embodiment, the monitoring device 60 can make this determination by accessing one or more fields within the message structure shown in FIG. 3. For example, a device 50 can set the "Message Type" field of an emergency message to a value that represents an

emergency, utility measurement data, or another type of notification, alert, or message. After determining the type of message, the monitoring device 60 can assign a higher priority to the emergency messages than that assigned to the measurement data to give the emergency messages priority routing through the wireless mesh network 70. For example, in some embodiments, the monitoring device 60 can assign a higher priority by setting an appropriate identifier in the "Mood/Priority" field shown in FIG. 3. Upon receiving a message, nodes in the wireless mesh network 70 can access this field to determine whether a message should receive priority routing. For example, a message with a "Mood/Priority" field set to "1 " can indicate that the message is an emergency and should receive priority routing, as opposed to a message with a Mood/Priority field set to "2," which can indicate that the message is a lower-priority measurement data message.

[0025] Nodes in the wireless mesh network 70 may determine whether a message should receive priority routing by accessing various other fields in the message structure shown in FIG. 3. For example, in some embodiments, nodes in the wireless mesh network 70 can access the "Message ID" field, "Emergency Type" field, or otherwise any other field in the message structure of FIG. 3 that may contain

information that distinguishes one type of message from another, to determine how to route a message. Various other message structures and fields can be accessed by the monitoring device 60 in other embodiments.

[0026] After receiving an indication of an occurrence of an emergency condition, the monitoring device 60 may cause the physical environment at the facility 15 to change by, for example, turning on lights, locking or unlocking doors, or activating a video recorder to record a criminal intrusion.

[0027] FIG. 1 shows nine nodes 71 - 79 comprising the wireless mesh network 70, but thousands of nodes can make up the wireless mesh network 70. A wired mesh network or combination wired/wireless network may be used to send messages in other embodiments. When a node in the wireless mesh network 70 receives an emergency message from the transmission component 62 in certain embodiments, the emergency message travels through one or more nodes in the wireless mesh network 70 to a control device 80 for a response.

[0028] In some embodiments, the control device 80 can comprise logic that parses an incoming message to determine whether the message indicates that an emergency has occurred and if so, to which emergency response service 1 10 to send the emergency message. Like the monitoring device and nodes in the wireless mesh network 70, the control device 80 can access various fields in a message structure to determine the type of message it received. [0029] If control device 80 receives an emergency message, it can look up the address of the facility in which the emergency occurred in database 90, and send the address to the appropriate emergency response service 1 10 so that the emergency response service 110 knows to which facility to respond. For example, as shown in FIG. 1 , if a user at facility 15 presses button 220 of device 50 (as shown in FIG. 4), an emergency message alerting the police station 120 can be transmitted from the device 50 to the monitoring device 60. Upon receiving the emergency message, the monitoring device 60 can send the message to a node in the wireless mesh network 70 for routing to the control device 80. The control device 80 can then obtain the street address of the facility from database 90 and send the address along with the

emergency message to the police station 120 for a response

[0030] In certain embodiments, the control device 80 and database 90 are controlled by a utility company. The control device 80 may be a computer server with a logical connection to the database 90 residing on the same computer server. In other embodiments, the database 90 may reside in a separate location from the control device 80 and have a physical and logical connection to the control device 80. The database 90, according to some embodiments, can store information related to utility consumption by a utility company's customers. Such information can include a meter ID and an associated customer account number and street address. The database 90 can also contain a Wide Area Network (WAN) address, Media Access Control (MAC) address, or a latitude and longitude associated with each meter ID or monitoring component located at a facility. After the control device 80 receives an emergency message, it can use the meter ID to look up the street address of the meter at the facility in which an emergency occurred. In some embodiments, the control device 80 can use a WAN or MAC address associated with the meter ID, a monitoring device 60, or a transmission component 62 to look up a street address or a latitude and longitude in the database 90. This location information can be used by an emergency response service 1 10 to determine the location at which an emergency occurred. In addition to address information related to localization, the database 90 can also include other information that may aid an emergency response service 1 10 in responding to an emergency incident.

[0031] In some embodiments, the control device 80 can receive the street address of a facility from a user who enters such an address into a device 50. The control device 80 may verify that the street address entered by the user is the location at which an emergency occurred by checking such street address with that stored in database 90 for the associated meter ID or component from which the message originated. In other embodiments, a user at a location that is remote to the facility in which an emergency occurred can enter the street address of the emergency location. Upon receiving the street address of the emergency location and further determining that the message originated from a remote location, the emergency response service 1 10 can request an acknowledgement from either the user at the remote location or a user at the facility in which the emergency occurred.

[0032] As shown in FIG. 7, the emergency response services 1 10 may also send a confirmation or other message back to the device 50 to notify an occupant of a facility that the emergency message was received and help is on the way. The confirmation or other message may be routed back through wireless mesh network 70 to the transmission component 62, which may then send the confirmation to device 50. The device 50 may then display the confirmation as text on the display portion 240 or as an announcement through output 250, as shown in FIG. 5. In some embodiments, the device 50 may contain a keyboard or other means for entering text so that occupants may continue to send messages to the emergency response services 1 10.

[0033] According to some embodiments, one or more devices at a facility may receive messages from a control center such as a weather center 150 as shown in FIG. 1 . For example, if weather center 150 detects a tornado, it can send an alert to a control device 80, which can send the alert to a node in the wireless mesh network 70 for routing to the device 50 or other devices located at facilities that may be in the path of the tornado.

[0034] Upon receiving a message from a control center 150, the control device 80 can in some embodiments access certain formatted fields of the message to determine which facilities should receive the message. For example, tornado warnings are often accompanied with the name of cities or counties that are projected to be in the path of the storm. The control device 80 can look up, for example, the WAN address of meters or components located at facilities within the cities or counties and send an alert to only the facilities within those areas. The control device 80 can also send a warning message to surrounding areas and distinguish the severity of the warning message by assigning a higher priority to messages destined for facilities in the path of the storm. In various other embodiments, the control device 80 can receive messages from other types of control centers and can similarly determine to which facility or facilities to send the message and what priority to assign the messages for routing through the wireless mesh network 70.

[0035] A monitoring device 60 at a facility 15 can parse the message received from the control center 150 to access the type of emergency, the text of the message, and other information as indicated in FIG. 6. The text of the message can be displayed on display screen 240 or announced using component 250 of the device 50.

[0036] In addition to emergency messages from the facility 15, FIG. 8 shows an embodiment where a request for assistance travels through the same wireless mesh network 70 used to transfer measurement messages. Unlike emergency messages, the request for assistance does not rely on the control device 80. Rather it travels directly to one or more facilities by traveling through nodes 71 - 79 of the wireless mesh network 70. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, a user may initiate a request for assistance using device 50 at facility 15. The request for assistance may be received in monitoring device 60, which may send the request to the transmission component 62. Transmission component 62 at facility 15 may send the request for assistance to transmission component 430 at facility 400. The transmission component 420, upon receiving the request for assistance, may send the request for assistance to the device 420 at facility 400. The same request for assistance that was sent to facility 400 may be sent to facility 450 by using the transmission component 480 in the same fashion as that used at facility 400. Alternatively, the device 50 at facility 15 may send the request for assistance directly to the transmission component 62 instead of first sending it to monitoring device 60. [0037] In another embodiment, the transmission component 62 at facility 15 may also send the request for assistance through wireless mesh network 70 to device 520 at facility 500. The request for assistance arrives at the device 520 in the same fashion as it does at facility 400 and facility 450 described above, except that it travels over mesh network 70 to reach facility 500. Upon receiving the request for assistance, the devices 420, 470, and 520 may display the request for assistance on a display screen 240 or announce the request for assistance using component 250, as shown in FIG. 5.

[0038] Devices that receive a request for assistance may also receive user input to send a response or other message back to the requesting device to be displayed or announced. Each request for assistance and response may be accompanied by a source identifier to notify recipients who sent the particular request for assistance or response. Thus, if the device 50 sends notification of a criminal intrusion at the facility 15, users at the facilities 400, 450, and 500 may be notified and possibly provide assistance. This response may be in addition to emergency messages sent to the emergency response services 1 10 and may increase the likelihood of receiving timely assistance. In other embodiments, a notification, alert, or other type of message may be sent in addition to a request for assistance.

[0039] FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of one embodiment beginning with messages entering a monitoring device 60. At step 600, the monitoring device 60 receives the messages described in various embodiments herein. If the monitoring device 60 determines that the message is an indication of an occurrence of an emergency condition (step 605), the monitoring device 60 will assign a high priority to the emergency message (step 610) and may change the physical environment at the facility (step 615) by, for example, turning on lights or locking doors at the facility. The monitoring device 60 may then transmit the emergency message to a transmission component 62, which may send the emergency message to the wireless mesh network 70 along with other messages (described in certain embodiments as measurement data and requests for assistance) (see step 620). If the monitoring device 60 determines that the message is a request for assistance or other facility-to-facility message at step 625, it can send the facility-to-facility message directly to a device at another facility (step 630).

[0040] A device receiving a facility-to-facility message can also communicate with a node in the wireless mesh network to send a message to a device at another facility (step 620). For example, in FIG. 8, the device 50 at facility 15 can send a message to the device 470 at facility 450. The device 470, upon receiving the message, may display or announce the message, and may also send the message to device 520 at facility 500 by way of wireless mesh network 70. Measurement data is routed from the wireless mesh network 70 to the control device 80 (step 650).

[0041] FIG. 4 is a flow diagram beginning with messages entering a control device 80. The control device 80 in some embodiments receives emergency messages and measurement data from a node in the wireless mesh network 70 (step 700). If the control device 80 determines at step 705 that the message is an emergency message, it will retrieve the address of the facility in which an emergency occurred, along with other possible information, by searching in a database 90 maintained by a utility company (step 710). The control device 80 may send the emergency message along with the address of the facility in which the emergency occurred to the appropriate emergency response service 110 (step 715). Utility services can be performed on any measurement data at step 720.

[0042] While the present subject matter has been described in detail with respect to specific embodiments thereof, it will be appreciated that those skilled in the art, upon attaining an understanding of the foregoing may readily produce alterations to, variations of, and equivalents to such embodiments. Accordingly, it should be understood that the present disclosure has been presented for purposes of example rather than limitation, and does not preclude inclusion of such modifications, variations and/or additions to the present subject matter as would be readily apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art.