FAGGIN ERMANNO (IT)
| WO2000036342A1 | 2000-06-22 |
| FR2795163A1 | 2000-12-22 | |||
| EP0237625A1 | 1987-09-23 | |||
| DE102005035348A1 | 2007-02-01 |
CLAIMS
1. Roadside microclimatic station, characterised in that it comprises at least one device (T) for extraction, filtering-purification and blowing in of the air suitable for: - extracting the ambient air;
- removing fine and suspended particles and exhaust gases from the air extracted;
- blowing said purified air into the area of the microclimatic station where people stand and wait, thus creating a protected area of air purified of the suspended particles and exhaust gases present in the external environment.
2. Microclimatic station, according to claim 1, characterised in that said purified air is blown with laminar flow (W) along one or more sides of the station without walls and square to said sides without walls. 3. Microclimatic station, according to claim 1, characterised in that said purified air is blown from a high to a low position and towards the area in front of the station.
4. Microclimatic station according to the preceding claims, characterised in that it comprises a space or volume (V) defined by the floor, canopy (3, 4), one or more closed sides with fixed walls (5) and one or more open sides corresponding to which said laminar flow (W) is generated by means of said air extraction, filtering-purification and blowing device (T).
5. Microclimatic station, according to claim 1 , characterised in that said purified air is blown with laminar flow (W) with axis parallel to the length of the station.
6. Microclimatic station, according to the preceding claims, characterised in that the ambient air is sucked in via intakes (A,A') provided in the base
(I)-
7. Microclimatic station, as claimed in the preceding claims, characterised in that said extraction, filtering-purification and blowing device (T) is housed in the upright (2).
8. Microclimatic station, according to claims 5, 6, 7, characterised in that said intakes (A) of the base (1), said extraction, filtering-purification and blowing device (T) housed in the upright (2) and said outlets (E) present on the upper surface (3) are connected by a duct (C) for obligatory passage of the air.
9. Microclimatic station, according to the preceding claims, characterised in that said extraction, filtering-purification and blowing device (T) comprises activated carbon filters and/or electrostatic filters and/or fabric filters and/or other filters adequate and suitable for retaining the suspended and fine particles, and neutralising or filtering the exhaust gases.
10. Microclimatic station, according to the preceding claims, characterised in that the electrostatic filters and the duct (C) are coated and/or painted and/or treated with titanium oxide on the surface in contact with the air flow.
11. Microclimatic station, according to claim 10, characterised in that it adopts filters that can be replaced and/or cleaned and reused.
12. Microclimatic station, according to claim 10, characterised in that the extraction, filtering-purification and blowing device (T) comprises a flow rate detector, suitable for monitoring the state of cleanness and/or clogging of the filters, thus optimising the flow rate and operation of the extractor/blower fan.
13. Microclimatic station, according to the preceding claims, characterised in that it comprises devices for heating the air treated.
14. Microclimatic station, as claimed in the preceding claims, characterised in that it comprises heaters (R) for seats (S) positioned inside the volume (V).
15. Microclimatic station, according to the preceding claims, characterised in that it comprises air ionisers.
16. Microclimatic station, according to the preceding claim, characterised in that said air ionisers are located near and/or at the outlets (E) provided on the upper structure (3).
17. Microclimatic station, according to the preceding claims, characterised in that the upper structure (3) constitutes the support for the roof (4) suitable for protecting persons from the rain.
18. Microclimatic station, according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that it comprises photovoltaic panels applied in the roof (4) of the structure complete with electrical energy accumulation systems in order to reduce the energy requirement of the microclimatic station and permit the operation thereof also in the event of an electricity power cut or blackout. 19. Microclimatic station, according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the roof or canopy (4) comprises at least partly a double layer of reflecting glass where the upper layer of glass reflects the sunlight and prevents glare, while the lower layer of glass reflects the night lighting positioned inside the structure and consisting of neon or led lights. 20. Microclimatic station, according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that it comprises at least one TV camera (M) suitable for filming the inside of the station and the surrounding area connected by closed circuit to public security stations and/or surveillance stations of the public transport service controllers and/or to video recording units.
21. Microclimatic station, according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that it comprises at least one or more variable message panels or displays (D), if necessary of the interactive touch-screen type, showing various kinds of information.
22. Microclimatic station, according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that it comprises at least one transceiver (X) for the connection of portable user devices, such as personal computers, to the
Internet or other telematic networks. |
TITLE MICROCLIMATIC STATION TO BE INSTALLED ON ROAD EDGES
DESCRIPTION
The present patent relates to equipment for the accommodation of persons in standing and waiting areas, and in particular concerns a new roadside microclimatic station.
The problem of high atmospheric concentrations of fine particles or particulates in urban environments, i.e. solid or liquid particles suspended in the air having characteristic diameter equal to or below 10 μm and commonly defined PMlO, is a particularly topical issue.
The origins of the emissions of PM 10 can be of natural type, such as erosion of the soil, diffusion of pollen or spores, or of anthropic type or generated by combustion engines, heating plants and industrial emissions. PMlO is extremely dangerous to humans, it causes irritation and inflammation and also more serious and chronic pathologies. Fine particles are easily inhaled and furthermore contain very harmful micro- contaminants, such as heavy metals and aromatic polycyclic hydrocarbons. PMlO also entails alterations of the physical properties of the atmosphere such as visibility, reflection and refraction of the light, and causes blackening of the outer walls of buildings and monuments.
In urban areas and near busy roads, the concentration of PMlO reaches very high values, even far superior to the limit values considered dangerous for human health. Fine particles produced by traffic are emitted at low level, or at a height of between 0 and 100 cm from the ground, and are then transported to the surrounding area by wind and air movement. Persons walking along or standing on the edges of roads are completely
exposed to the exhaust gases emitted by motor vehicles and to the dust raised by said vehicles.
Methods and devices are known suitable for purifying and removing the dust from the air in closed environments. For example, the adoption of filters suitable for eliminating the polluting agents produced by heating plants is known.
Filters for air conditioning plants, which remove dust, pollen and other particles of small dimensions from the air flowing into the closed environment to be conditioned, are also known. The subject of the present patent is a new roadside microclimatic station with device for filtering and blowing purified air to protect the persons below from the ambient air and vehicle exhaust gases.
One object of the new microclimatic station is to purify the air in the station itself and to remove the air laden with dust and exhaust gases from the area of the station in which the persons are standing.
A further object of the new microclimatic station is to eliminate or in any case reduce the dust and exhaust gases in the air in the area where the persons are standing and in the area immediately in front of the microclimatic station. A further object of the new microclimatic station is to be partially open, i.e. without one or more walls.
These and further objects, direct and complementary, are achieved by the roadside microclimatic station with device for filtering and blowing of purified air to protect the persons from the non-purified air and exhaust gases of the vehicles, said station comprising, in its main parts:
• a system or device for extracting the ambient air
• a system or device for purifying the extracted air
• a system or device for blowing the purified air into the area of the microclimatic station or into the vicinity thereof.
Purification of the air withdrawn from the environment is performed preferably by means of electrostatic traps, filters and other means or elements suitable for retaining the fine and suspended particles. The air withdrawn is then filtered and treated in order to remove the fine and suspended particles from the flow of air. The fine and suspended particles accumulate on the filters, which are regularly replaced and/or cleaned.
Blowing of the purified air is performed preferably generating a laminar flow, or in any case a flow equally distributed throughout the length of each open side of the microclimatic station, from the upper to the lower part of the station and towards the road, thus creating a protected and purified area or volume where persons can stand, even for several minutes, defined by the structure of the microclimatic station, roof and fixed walls, and by the laminar flow of air emitted from the upper structure of the microclimatic station onto the other sides. Substantially the purified air is blown in front of the microclimatic station, preferably on the side of the station facing towards the road, thus creating, in the waiting area below, a protected chamber with air purified of the suspended particles and exhaust gases. The air blown, which can also be heated, removes the air laden with suspended particles and exhaust gases from the area in front of the microclimatic station. The extraction system or device and the purification and filtering system are preferably integrated in one single element, positioned in the structure of the microclimatic station, and comprising an extractor and an electrostatic filter
with fabric filters and flow optimisers.
Air ionisers are provided, inserted or applied preferably at the outlet of the blown purified air.
Heaters are provided suitable for maintaining at least a minimum pre-set temperature on any chairs or seats in general.
Photovoltaic panels are applied to the roof of the structure complete with electrical energy accumulation system in order to reduce the energy requirement of the microclimatic station and permit operation also in the event of an electricity power cut or blackout. Said new roadside microclimatic station can also be provided with roof or canopy formed at least partly of glass with double reflecting layer: the upper layer of glass reflects the sunlight and prevents glare, while the lower glass layer reflects the night lighting positioned inside the structure and consisting of neon or led lights. The new roadside microclimatic station can be equipped with panels providing support for advertising and/or an optical system for information display by means of leds with fixed or running text.
The new roadside microclimatic station can be provided with at least one
TV camera or other video surveillance system suitable for monitoring the internal covered area and the area around the new station. The images filmed can be transmitted by closed circuit to a public security surveillance station and/or recorded for the purposes of public security.
The structure of the new roadside microclimatic station can include variable message panels or displays, if necessary of the interactive touch-screen type, with various kinds of information, for example temperature and humidity, news in real time, information on traffic and public transport arrival times.
The new roadside microclimatic station can be provided with short range
transceivers for digital communication, for example wi-fi and/or bluetooth, suitable for allowing any user to connect up to the Internet or to another digital infrastructure.
The characteristics of the new roadside microclimatic waiting area with device for filtering and blowing purified air to protect the persons from the ambient air and exhaust gases of the vehicles will be better clarified by the following description with reference to the drawings, attached by way of non-limiting example. Figure 1 shows a front view of the new roadside microclimatic station, while figure 2 shows a lateral section thereof.
The new roadside microclimatic station comprises at least one base (1), with seating surface (S) above, an upright (2), an upper structure (3) and a rear wall (5) extending between said base (1) and upper structure (3). The upper structure (3) also constitutes the support for a canopy (4) suitable for protecting the persons from the rain.
Inside the base (1), the upright (2) and the upper structure (3) there is a duct (C) for passage of the air.
Said duct (C) in the base (1), preferably in the front and/or rear part of the microclimatic station, communicates with the external environment via one or more air intakes (A, A').
Said intakes (A, A') can be protected by grilles or punched metal sheet suitable for permitting passage of the air only and preventing access for example of small animals or objects which could get in or be sucked inside. The part of the duct (C) relative to the upright (2) of the microclimatic station houses the extraction-treatment-blowing unit (T).
Said extraction-treatment-blowing unit (T) comprises mainly at least one extraction fan, suitable for sucking the air through the above-mentioned
intakes (A) of the base (1), and one or more filters of various types suitable for purifying the air sucked in.
Said filters can be activated carbon filters, electrostatic filters, fabric filters or other filters adequate and suitable for retaining the fine and suspended particles and neutralising or filtering the exhaust gases.
It is preferable for both the electrostatic filters and the duct (C) to be coated or painted or treated with titanium oxide on the surface in contact with the air flow.
The fans that suck in the air through the intakes (A, A') also constitute the air blowing system.
In the upper structure (3) the duct (C) for passage of the air reaches the outside via one or more outlets (E).
Said outlets (E) are shaped and positioned so as to emit a flow of air (W) which is laminar or in any case appropriately directed into the front and lateral area of the microclimatic station, or onto the sides of said new microclimatic station without walls.
This creates a protected and purified area or volume (V) where people can stand, also for several minutes, defined by the structure of the microclimatic station, roof (3, 4) and fixed walls (5), and by the laminar air flow (W) emitted by the upper structure (3) of the microclimatic station onto the other sides.
On the upper part of the upper structure (3) two TV cameras (M) are positioned for control and/or surveillance of the new microclimatic station and the external area near the station. On the rear wall (5) of the structure of the new microclimatic station there is a display (D) for showing real-time information on traffic and waiting times for arrival of the next means of public transport.
The structure comprises at least one transceiver (X) for the connection of portable user devices, such as personal computers, to the Internet or to other telematic networks.
Heaters (R) are provided on the seating surface (S) suitable for maintaining said seating surface (S) at least at a minimum pre-set temperature.
The new microclimatic station formed as above can be used in various places subject to serious pollution deriving from means of transport in general.
Therefore with reference to the preceding description and the accompanying drawings, the following claims are made.
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