N-(3-(AMINOMETHYL)-PHENYL)-5-(4-PHENYL)-5-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)- 4,5-DIHYDROISOXAZOL-3-AMINE DERIVATIVES AND SIMILAR COMPOUNDS AS PESTICIDES

Description

The invention relates to isoxazoline compounds of formula I wherein

R ¹ is Ci-C2-haloalkyl;

W is phenyl, or pyridyl; wherein W is unsubstituted, partially or fully substituted with R ² ;

R ² is halogen, OR ²¹ , NR ²² R ²³ , CN, NO ₂ , Si(CH ₃ ) ₃ , SF ₅ , Ci-C ₄ -alkyl, Ci-C ₄ -haloalkyl, C ₃ - Ce-cycloalkyl, C ₃ -Ce-halocycloalkyl, C2-C ₄ -alkenyl, C2-C ₄ -haloalkenyl, C2-C ₄ -alkynyl, C2-C ₄ -haloalkynyl, Ci-C ₃ -alkoxy, Ci-C ₃ -haloalkoxy, Ci-C ₃ -alkyl-S(O) _m , Ci-C ₃ -haloal- kyl-S(O) _m , C ₃ -C6-cycloalkyl-S(O) _m , Ci-C ₃ -alkoxy-Ci-C ₄ -alkyl, Ci-C ₃ -haloalkoxy-Ci- C ₄ -alkyl, Ci-C ₃ -alkyl-S(O) _m -Ci-C ₄ -alkyl, Ci-C ₃ -haloalkyl-S(O) _m -Ci-C ₄ -alkyl; which groups are unsubstituted, partially or fully substituted with R ²¹¹ ;

R ²¹ H, Ci-Ce-alkyl, C2-Ce-alkenyl, C2-Ce-alkynyl, Cs-Cs-cycloalkyl, Si(Ci-C ₄ -alkyl) ₃ , Ci-C ₃ - alkyl-S(O) _m , C ₃ -C6-cycloalkyl-S(O) _m , S(O) _m R ²⁴ , which groups are unsubstituted, partially or fully substituted with R ²¹¹ ;

R ²² , R ²³ H, Ci-Ce-alkyl, Ci-Ce-haloalkyl, C2-Ce-alkenyl, C2-Ce-haloalkenyl, C2-Ce-al- kynyl, C2-Ce-haloalkynyl, Ci-Ce-alkoxy, Ci-Ce-haloalkoxy, which are unsubstituted or partially or fully substituted with R ²²¹ ; or Ci-C ₆ -alkyl-C(=O)OR ²⁴ , Ci-C ₆ -alkyl-C(=U)N(R ^25a )R ^25b , Ci-C ₆ -alkyl-C(=NR ²⁵ )N(R ^25a )R ^25b , S(O) _m R ²⁴ , S(O) _m N(R ^25a )R ^25b , C(=U)R ²⁶ , C(=O)OR ²⁴ , C(=U)N(R ^25a )R ^25b , C(=S)SR ²⁴ , C(=NR ²⁵ )R ²⁶ ;

Cs-Cs-cycloalkyl, Cs-Cs-halocycloalkyl;

R ²² and R ²³ form together with the nitrogen atom they are bonded to a 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6- membered fully unsaturated heterocycle, which heterocycle may additionally contain one heteroatom selected from N, O, and S(O) _m as ring members, and which heterocycle is unsubstituted or partially or fully substituted with R ²²² ; or

R ²² and R ²³ together form a group =C(R ²⁶ ) ₂ , =S(O) _m (R ²⁴ ) ₂ , =S(O) _m R ²⁴ N(R ^25a )R ^25b ;

U is O or S;

R ²⁴ is H, Si(Ci-C ₄ -alkyl) ₃ , Ci-Ce-alkyl, C2-Ce-alkenyl, C2-Ce-alkynyl, which are unsubstituted or partially or fully halogenated and/or substituted with C ₃ -C ₄ - cycloalkyl, Ci-C ₄ -alkoxy, Ci-C ₄ -haloalkoxy, S(O) _m -Ci-C ₄ -alkyl, and oxo; Cs-Cs-cycloalkyl which is unsubstituted or partially or fully halogenated and/or substituted with Ci-C4-alkyl, C3-C4-cycloalkyl, Ci-C4-alkoxy, Ci-C4-haloalkoxy, S(O) _m -Ci-C4-alkyl, and oxo; phenyl, benzyl, pyridyl and phenoxy, which are unsubstituted or partially or fully halogenated and/or substituted with Ci-Ce-alkyl, Ci-Ce-haloalkyl, Ci-Ce-alkoxy, Ci- Ce-haloalkoxy, Ci-Ce-alkylthio, Ci-Ce-haloalkylthio, and (Ci-Ce-alkoxy)carbonyl;

R ²⁵ is H, Ci-C ₆ -alkoxy, Ci-C ₆ -haloalkoxy, C(=U)R ²⁶ , C(=O)OR ²⁴ , C(=O)NH(Ci-C ₄ -alkyl), C(=O)N(Ci-C ₄ -alkyl) ₂ , S(O) _m R ²⁴ , S(O) _m -Ci-C ₄ -alkyl, S(O) _m -Ci-C ₄ -haloalkyl, S(O)m-C ₃ -C ₆ -cycloalkyl, Si(Ci-C ₄ -alkyl) ₃ , NR ²⁴ C(=O)-Ci-C ₄ -alkyl, NR ²⁴ C(=O)-C ₃ -C ₆ - cycloalkylalkyl, CR ²⁴ N=OR ²⁴ , CR ²⁶ N=OR ²⁴ ,

Ci-Ce-alkyl, C ₃ -Ce-alkenyl, C ₃ -Ce-alkynyl, which are unsubstituted or partially or fully halogenated and/or substituted with CN, Ci-C4-alkoxy, Ci-C4-haloalkoxy, S(O) _m -Ci-C4-alkyl, S(O) _m -Ci-C4-haloalkyl, C ₃ -Ce-cycloalkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted with 1 or 2 halogen and/or CN; phenyl, or 4-, 5-, 6-membered saturated, partially or fully unsaturated heterocyclyl comprising 1 , 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S(O) _m as ring members, which rings are unsubstituted or partially or fully substituted with halogen, CN, Ci-C4-alkyl, Ci-C4-haloalkyl, Ci-C ₃ -alkoxy, Ci-C ₃ - haloalkoxy, Ci-C2-alkyl-Ci-C2-alkoxy, Ci-C ₃ -alkylthio, Ci-C ₃ -haloalkylthio, C(=O)-Ci- C4-alkoxy; and oxo;

Cs-Cs-cycloalkyl which is unsubstituted or partially or fully halogenated and/or substituted with CN, Ci-C4-alkyl, Ci-C4-alkoxy, Ci-C4-haloalkyl, Ci-C4-haloalkoxy, S(O) _m -Ci-C ₄ -alkyl, S(O) _m -Ci-C ₄ -haloalkyl, C(=O)NH(Ci-C ₄ -alkyl), C(=O)N(CI-C ₄ - alkyl)2, phenyl, or 5-, 6-membered heteroaryl containing 1 , 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S(O) _m as ring members, which rings are unsubstituted or partially or fully substituted with halogen, CN, Ci-C4-alkyl, Ci-C4-haloalkyl, Ci-C ₃ - alkoxy, Ci-C ₃ -haloalkoxy, Ci-C2-alkyl-Ci-C2-alkoxy, Ci-C ₃ -alkylthio, Ci-C ₃ - haloalkylthio; phenyl, benzyl, phenoxy, 4-, 5-, 6-membered saturated, partially or fully unsaturated heterocyclyl comprising 1 , 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S(O) _m as ring members, which groups are unsubstituted or partially or fully halogenated and/or substituted with halogen, CN, NO2, Ci-Ce-alkyl, Ci-Ce-haloalkyl, Ci-Ce-alkoxy, Ci-Ce-haloalkoxy, Ci-Ce-alkylthio, Ci-Ce-haloalkylthio, C2-C4-alkenyl, C2-C4-haloalkenyl, C2-C4-alkynyl, C2-C4-haloalkynyl, C ₃ -Ce-cycloalkyl, C ₃ -Ce-halocycloalkyl, and (Ci-Ce- alkoxy)carbonyl; and a 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-membered saturated, partially or fully unsaturated heterocycle comprising 1 , 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S(O) _m as ring members, where the heterocycle is optionally substituted with one or more R ²²² ; R ^25a and R ^25b have the meanings given for R ²⁵ ; or

R ^25a and R ^25b present on the same nitrogen atom may together form =C(R ²⁶ )2, =S(O) _m (R ²⁴ )2, or =S(O) _m R ²⁴ N(R ^25a )R ^25b ; or

R ^25a and R ^25b , together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bound, form a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered saturated, partially unsaturated or fully unsaturated heterocyclic ring, wherein the heterocyclic ring may additionally contain 1 or 2 heteroatoms or heteroatom groups selected from N, O, and S(O)m as ring members, which heterocycle is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents halogen, CN, Ci-C4-alkyl, Ci-C4-haloalkyl, Ci-C4-alkoxy, Ci-C4-haloalkoxy, and oxo; or R ^25a and R ^25b , together with the nitrogen atoms to which they are bound in the group C(=NR ²⁵ )N(R ^25a )R ^25b , form a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered saturated, partially unsaturated or fully unsaturated heterocyclic ring, wherein the heterocyclic ring may additionally contain 1 or 2 heteroatoms or heteroatom groups selected from N, O, and S(O) _m as ring members, which heterocycle is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents halogen, CN, Ci-C4-alkyl, Ci-C4-haloalkyl, Ci-C4-alkoxy, Ci-C4-haloalkoxy, and oxo;

R ²⁶ is H, CN, OH, SH, Ci-Ce-alkyl, C2-Cs-alkenyl, C2-Ce-alkynyl, Cs-Cs-cycloalkyl, which are unsubstituted, partially or fully halogenated and/or substituted with 1 , 2, or 3 groups CN, Ci-C4-alkyl, C3-C4-cycloalkyl, Ci-C4-haloalkyl, Ci-C4-alkoxy, C1-C4- haloalkoxy, S(O) _m -Ci-C4-alkyl, S(O) _m -Ci-C4-haloalkyl, phenyl, or 3-, 4-, 5-, 6- or 7- membered saturated, partially or fully unsaturated heterocycle containing 1 , 2 or 3 heteroatoms N, O, and S(O) _m as ring members, which rings are unsubstituted or partially or fully substituted with halogen, CN, Ci-C4-alkyl, Ci-C4-haloalkyl, C1-C3- alkoxy, Ci-Cs-haloalkoxy, Ci-C2-alkyl-Ci-C2-alkoxy, Ci-Cs-alkylthio, C1-C3- haloalkylthio; and oxo;

Ci-Ce-alkoxy, Ci-Cs-haloalkoxy, S(O)m-Ci-Cs-alkyl, S(O)m-Ci-Cs-haloalkyl, Si(C C4- alkyl) ₃ , C(=O)N(R ^25a )R ^25b , phenyl, benzyl, phenoxy, a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered saturated, partially or fully unsaturated heterocycle containing 1 , 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S(O) _m as ring members, which rings are unsubstituted or partially or fully halogenated and/or substituted with R ²²² ;

R ²¹¹ halogen, CN, Ci-C4-alkoxy, Ci-C4-haloalkoxy, Cs-C4-alkenyloxy, Cs-C4-haloalkenyl- oxy, Cs-C4-alkynyloxy, Cs-C4-haloalkynyloxy, Ci-C4-alkyl-S(O) _m , Ci-C4-haloalkyl- S(O) _m , C3-C4-alkenyl-S(O) _m , C3-C4-haloalkenyl-S(O) _m , C3-C4-alkynyl-S(O) _m , C3-C4- haloalkynyl-S(O) _m , and oxo;

Cs-Cs-cycloalkyl, Cs-Cs-halocycloalkyl, Cs-Cs-cycloalkenyl, Cs-Cs-halocycloalkenyl; R ²²¹ CN, NO ₂ , OH, SH, SCN, SF ₅ , Si(Ci-C ₄ -alkyl) ₃ , Ci-C ₆ -alkoxy, Ci-C ₆ -haloalkoxy, C C ₆ -alkyl-S(O) _m , Ci-C ₆ -haloalkyl-S(O) _m , C(=O)N(R ^25a )R ^25b ; Cs-Cs-cycloalkyl which is unsubstituted, partially or fully halogenated and/or partially or fully substituted with Ci-C4-alkyl, C3-C4-cycloalkyl, Ci-C4-alkoxy, Ci-C4-haloalk- oxy, and oxo; or two R ²²¹ present on the same carbon atom of an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or cycloalkyl group may together be =0, =CH(Ci-C4-alkyl), =C(Ci-C4-alkyl)2, =N(Ci-Cs-alkyl), or =NO(Ci-C ₆ -alkyl);

R ²²² is halogen, NO2, CN, OH, SH, Ci-Cs-alkoxy, Ci-Cs-haloalkoxy, S(0) _m -Ci-C4-alkyl, S(O) _m -Ci-C4-haloalkyl, Ci-C4-alkylcarbonyl, Ci-C4-haloalkylcarbonyl, Ci-C4-alkoxy- carbonyl, Ci-C4-haloalkoxycarbonyl, N(R ^25a )R ^25b , C(=O)NR ^25a R ^25b , Si(Ci-C4-alkyl)s; Ci-C4-alkyl, 02-Ce-alkenyl, C2-Cs-alkynyl, which are unsubstituted or partially or fully halogenated and/or substituted with CN, C3-C4-cycloalkyl, Ci-C4-alkoxy, Ci-C4-halo- alkoxy, S(0) _m -Ci-C4-alkyl, and oxo;

Cs-Cs-cycloalkyl which is unsubstituted or partially or fully halogenated and/or substituted with CN, Ci-C4-alkyl, Cs-C4-cycloalkyl, Ci-C4-alkoxy, Ci-C4-haloalkyl, C1- C4-haloalkoxy, S(0) _m -Ci-C4-alkyl, and oxo; or two R ²²² present together on the same atom of an unsaturated or partially unsaturated ring may be =0, =S, =N(Ci-Ce-alkyl), =NO(Ci-Ce-alkyl), =CH(Ci-C4-alkyl) or =C(Ci-C4- alkyl)Ci-C4-alkyl; or two R ²²² on two adjacent carbon atoms form together with the carbon atoms they are bonded to a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7- or 8-membered saturated, partially unsaturated or maximally unsaturated ring, wherein the ring may contain 1 or 2 heteroatoms or heteroatom groups selected from N, O, and S(0) _m as ring members, and wherein the ring is optionally substituted with one or more groups Ci-C4-alkyl, C1-C4- haloalkyl, Ci-C4-alkoxy, and/or Ci-C4-haloalkoxy; m is 0, 1 , or 2;

X is NR ³ , or O;

R ³ is H, Ci-Ce-alkyl, Ci-Ce-haloalkyl, C2-Cs-alkenyl, C2-Cs-haloalkenyl, C2-Cs-alkynyl, C2-Ce-haloalkynyl, OR ²¹ , Ci-Cs-alkylthio, Ci-Cs-haloalkylthio, which are unsubstituted or partially or fully substituted with R ³¹ ; or Ci-C ₆ -alkyl-C(=O)OR ²⁴ , Ci-C ₆ -alkyl-C(=U)N(R ^25a )R ^25b , Ci-C ₆ -alkyl-C(=NR ²⁵ )N(R ^25a )R ^25b , Ci-C ₆ -alkyl-OC(=O)OR ²⁴ , N(R ^25a )R ^25b , S(O) _m R ²⁴ , S(O) _m N(R ^25a )R ^25b , C(=U)R ²⁶ , C(=O)OR ²⁴ , C(=U)N(R ^25a )R ^25b , C(=S)SR ²⁴ , C(=NR ²⁵ )R ²⁶ ;

Cs-Cs-cycloalkyl, Cs-Cs-halocycloalkyl, phenyl, a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered saturated or partially unsaturated heterocycle comprising 1 , 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S(0) _m as ring members, or a 5- or 6-membered hetaryl comprising 1 , 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S(0) _m as ring members, which rings are unsubstituted or partially or fully substituted with R ³² ; R ³¹ halogen, CN, NO ₂ , OH, SH, SON, SF ₅ , Si(Ci-C ₄ -alkyl) ₃ , N(R ^25a )R ^25b , Ci-C ₆ -alkoxy, Ci-C ₆ -haloalkoxy, Ci-C ₆ -alkyl-S(O) _m , Ci-C ₆ -haloalkyl-S(O) _m , C(=O)N(R ^25a )R ^25b ; Cs-Cs-cycloalkyl which is unsubstituted, partially or fully halogenated and/or partially or fully substituted with CN, Ci-C4-alkyl, C3-C4-cycloalkyl, Ci-C4-alkoxy, Ci-C4-halo- alkyl, Ci-C4-haloalkoxy, and oxo;

S(O) _m R ²⁴ , S(O) _m N(R ^25a )R ^25b , C(=U)R ²⁶ , C(=O)OR ²⁴ , C(=U)N(R ^25a )R ^25b , C(=S)SR ²⁴ , C(=NR ²⁵ )R ²⁶ ; phenyl, benzyl, phenoxy, or 3-, 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered saturated, partially, or fully unsaturated heterocycle containing 1 , 2, or 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O, S(O) _m as ring members, wherein the rings are unsubstituted or partially or fully substituted with R ²²² ; or two R ³¹ present on the same carbon atom of an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or cycloalkyl group may together be =0, =CH(Ci-C4-alkyl), =C(Ci-C4-alkyl)2, =N(Ci-Ce-alkyl), or =NO(Ci-C ₆ -alkyl);

R ³² is a group as defined in R ³¹ or selected from Ci-Ce-alkyl, C2-Ce-alkenyl, and C2-C6- alkynyl, which groups are unsubstituted, partially or fully halogenated and/or substituted with one or two CN, C3-C4-cycloalkyl, Ci-C4-alkoxy, Ci-C4-haloalkoxy, or oxo;

G is phenyl, or 6-membered heteroaryl comprising as ring members 1 or 2 N-atoms; wherein G is unsubstituted, partially, or fully substituted with R ⁴ ;

R ⁴ is as defined for R ² ;

R ⁵ is a group as defined for R ³ ;

Y is a direct bond or C(R ^4a )(R ^4b );

R ^4a and R ^4b are H, halogen, CN, NO2, Ci-C4-alkyl, Ci-C4-haloalkyl, Cs-Ce-cycloalkyl unsubstituted or substituted with CN or halogen;

R ⁴ and R ^4a and/or R ^4b together form a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered saturated, partially, or fully unsaturated heterocycle, which may contain 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S(0) _m as ring members, and wherein the ring is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more groups R ² ;

Q is C(=U) or S(0) _m ;

R ⁶ is as defined for R ²⁵ ; or

R ⁵ and R ⁶ together form a 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered saturated, or partially unsaturated heterocycle, which additionally to the N(R ⁵ ) may contain 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S(0) _m as ring members, and wherein the ring is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more groups R ² ; the N-oxides, stereoisomers and agriculturally or veterinarily acceptable salts thereof. The invention also provides an agricultural composition comprising at least one compound of formula I, a stereoisomer thereof and/or an agriculturally acceptable salt thereof and at least one liquid and/or solid carrier, especially at least one inert liquid and/or solid agriculturally acceptable carrier.

The invention also provides a veterinary composition comprising at least one compound of formula I, a stereoisomer thereof and/or a veterinarily acceptable salt thereof and at least one liquid and/or solid carrier, especially at least one inert veterinarily liquid and/or solid acceptable carrier.

The invention also provides a method for controlling invertebrate pests which method comprises treating the pests, their food supply, their habitat or their breeding ground or a cultivated plant, plant propagation materials (such as seed), soil, area, material or environment in which the pests are growing or may grow, or the materials, cultivated plants, plant propagation materials (such as seed), soils, surfaces or spaces to be protected from pest attack or infestation with a pesticidally effective amount of a compound of formula I or a salt thereof as defined herein.

The present invention also relates to plant propagation material, in particular seed, comprising at least one compound of formula I and/or an agriculturally acceptable salt thereof.

The invention further relates to a method for treating or protecting an animal from infestation or infection by parasites which comprises bringing the animal in contact with a parasiticidally effective amount of a compound of formula I or a veterinarily acceptable salt thereof. Bringing the animal in contact with the compound I, its salt or the veterinary composition of the invention means applying or administering it to the animal.

WO2010/020522, WO2010/135360, WO2022/171472, and EP4043444 describe structurally closely related active compounds. These compounds are mentioned to be useful for combating invertebrate pests.

Nevertheless, there remains a need for highly effective and versatile agents for combating invertebrate pests. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide compounds having a good pesticidal activity and showing a broad activity spectrum against a large number of different invertebrate pests, especially against difficult to control pests, such as insects.

It has been found that these objects can be achieved by compounds of formula I as depicted and defined below, and by their stereoisomers, salts, tautomers and N-oxides, in particular their agriculturally acceptable salts.

Compounds of formula I with X being NR ³ (formula 1.1) can be prepared by reaction of a compound of formula IIA.1 with a compound of formula IIIA, wherein X ^H is a halogen, preferably a bromide or iodide, in a Buchwald-Hartwig reaction [cf. WO2022/171472, or WO2010/135360],

This transformation is usually carried out at temperatures from 20°C to 180°C, preferably from 60°C to 100°C, in an inert solvent, in the presence of a base and a palladium catalyst such as, e.g., tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0)/9,9-dimethyl-4,5-bi s(diphenylphosphino)xanthene (Pd ₂ (dba) ₃ / XantPhos), [2-(di-tert-butylphosphino)-2',4',6'-triisopropyl-1 ,T-biphenyl][2-(2- aminoethyl)-phenyl)]palladium(ll) chloride, and the like [cf. WO2017/069980], Suitable solvents are ethers such as 1 ,4-dioxane, THF, and the like; or alcohols such as butanol, tert-amyl alcohol, and the like; or polar aprotic solvents such as dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylacetamide (DMA), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidon (NMP), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and the like. Preferably, 1 ,4-dioxane is employed. It is also possible to use mixtures of the solvents mentioned. Suitable bases are, in general, inorganic compounds, like alkali metal and alkaline earth metal carbonates, such as e.g. Li ₂ COs, K ₂ COs, Cs ₂ COs, CaCOs, and the like; or organic compounds, such as alkali metal alcoholates, such as lithium tert-butylate, sodium tert-butylate, potassium tert-butylate, and the like. Particular preference is given to Cs ₂ COs. The bases are generally employed in equimolar amounts; however, they can also be used in in excess. The starting materials are generally reacted with one another in equimolar amounts. In terms of yield, it may be advantageous to employ an excess of IIA.1 , based on IIIA.

Compounds of formula IIA.1 are known from the literature [cf. INV202944] and can be prepared as described therein.

Alternatively, compounds of formula I, can also be prepared by reaction of a compound of formula I IB, wherein X ^H is a halogen, preferably a bromide or chloride, with a compound of formula 11 IB in a base-promoted ipso-substitution reaction [cf. WO2022/171472],

This transformation is usually carried out at temperatures of from 25°C to 200°C, preferably from 60°C to 150°C, in an inert solvent, in the presence of a base. Suitable solvents are DMF, DMA, NMP, DMSO, and the like; particular preference is given to NMP, and DMF. It is also possible to use mixtures of the solvents mentioned. Suitable bases are, in general, inorganic compounds, like alkali metal and alkaline earth metal hydroxides, such as e.g. LiOH, NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH) ₂ , and the like; or alkali metal and alkaline earth metal hydrides, such as e.g. LiH, NaH, KH, CaH ₂ , and the like; or alkali metal and alkaline earth metal carbonates, such as e.g. Li ₂ COs, K ₂ COS, CaCOs, and the like; or organic bases, like N-containing heteroaromatics such as pyridine, 2 ,6-lutidine, and the like. The bases are generally employed in equimolar amounts; however, they can also be used in in excess or, if appropriate, as solvent. Compounds of formula IIB can be prepared as described in literature [cf. WO2022/171472],

In addition, compounds of formula 1.1 can be prepared by reaction of a compound of formula IIB, wherein X ^H is a halogen, preferably a bromide or chloride, with an amine of formula IIIB.1 in an acid-promoted ipso-substitution reaction [cf. WO2022/171472],

This transformation is usually carried out at temperatures of from 25°C to 200°C, preferably from 60°C to 150°C, in an inert solvent, in the presence of an acid. Suitable solvents are alcohols such as e.g. 2,4-dimethylpentan-3-ol, n-butanol, sec-butanol, tert-butanol, and the like; or aromatic hydrocarbons such as e.g. toluene, o-, m-, p-xylene, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, and the like; or polar aprotic solvents such as e.g. DMSO, DMF, DMA, NMP, and the like; preferably alcohols such as 2,4-dimethylpentan-3-ol are employed. It is also possible to use mixtures of the solvents mentioned. Suitable acids and acidic catalysts are, in general, inorganic acids such as e.g. HCI, HBr, H2SO4, HCIO4, and the like; or organic acids such as e.g. toluenesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, camphor sulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, and the like. The acids are generally employed in catalytic amounts; however, they can also be used in equimolar amounts, in excess or, if appropriate, as solvent. The starting materials are generally reacted with one another in equimolar amounts. In terms of yield, it may be advantageous to employ an excess of IIIB.1 , based on IIB.

Furthermore, compounds of formula I can also be prepared by reaction of an olefin of formula VI with an in-situ formed compound of formula V, which in turn is derived from the reaction of a compound of formula IIIB with a dihaloaldoxime of formula IV, in a 1 ,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction [cf. WO2022/171472],

This transformation is usually carried out at temperatures from -78°C to 80°C, preferably from -78°C to 25°C, in the presence of a base. Suitable solvents are ethers such as e.g. THF, 1 ,4- dioxane, Et20, tert-butylmethylether, and the like; or esters such as e.g. EtOAc, and the like; or aromatic hydrocarbons such as e.g. benzene, toluene, o-, m-, and p-xylene, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, and the like; or halogenated hydrocarbons such as, e.g. CH2CI2, CHCI3, 1 ,2- dichloroethane, and the like. It is also possible to use mixtures of the solvents mentioned. Suitable bases are, in general, organic bases like tertiary amines, such as e.g. triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, and the like; or N-containing heteroaromatics such as e.g. pyridine, collidine, 2,6-lutidine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and the like; or inorganic compounds, like alkali metal and alkaline earth metal carbonates, such as e.g. U2CO3, K2CO3, CaCOs, and the like; or alkali metal bicarbonates, such as e.g. NaHCOs, KHCO3, and the like; or alkali metal phosphates such as e.g. K3PO4, and the like. The bases are generally employed in equimolar amounts; however, they can also be used in excess or, if appropriate, as solvent.

The starting materials are generally reacted with one another in equimolar amounts. In terms of yield, it may be advantageous to employ an excess of IV and 111 B, based on VI.

Compounds of formula IV are commercially available, and the preparation of compounds of formula VI are described in the literature [cf. WO2022/171472],

Compounds of formula II IA wherein Y is a direct bond, can be prepared by reacting a compound of formula VII, wherein X ^LG is a leaving group, preferably a fluorine or chlorine atom, with an amine of formula VIII in a base-promoted nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction.

IIIA

This reaction is usually carried out at temperatures from -20°C to 180°C, preferably from 25°C to 120°C, in an inert solvent, and in the presence of a base [cf. WO 2010/100189], Suitable solvents are e.g. DMSO, DMF, DMA, NMP, and the like; or nitriles such as acetonitrile, propionitrile, and the like; or ethers such as 1 ,4-dioxane, THF, and the like; or aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, o-, m-, p-xylene, and the like; or alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, tert-butanol, and the like; or water. It is also possible to use mixtures of the solvents mentioned. Suitable bases are, in general, inorganic compounds, like alkali metal and alkaline earth metal carbonates, such as e.g. Li ₂ CO3, K2CO3, CS2CO3, CaCOs, and the like; or alkali metal and alkaline earth metal hydrides, such as e.g. LiH, NaH, KH, CaH2, and the like; or organic bases, like tertiary amines, such as e.g. trimethylamine, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, N-methylpiperidine, and the like; or N-containing aromatics such as e.g. pyridine, collidine, 2,6-lutidine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and the like; or alkali metal amides such as e.g. LiN(i-Pr)2, LiN(SiMes)2, NaN(SiMes)s, KN(SiMes)2, and the like; or alkali metal alcoholates such as potassium tert-butoxide, and the like. The bases are generally employed in equimolar amounts; however, they can also be used in in excess or, if appropriate, as solvent. The starting materials are generally reacted with one another in equimolar amounts. In terms of yield, it may be advantageous to employ an excess of VIII, based on VII.

Alternatively, it is also possible to prepare compounds of formula I HA by reacting a compound of formula VII, wherein X ^LG preferably is iodide, bromide, or triflate, with an N-heterocyclic compound of formula VIII in a palladium-catalyzed (i.e. Buchwald-Hartwig reaction) crosscoupling reaction. Buchwald-Hartwig reactions are usually carried out at temperatures from 25°C to 200°C, preferably from 50°C to 150°C, in an inert solvent, and in the presence of a palladium catalyst and a base [cf. WO2016/168059], Suitable solvents are e.g. aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, o-, m-, and p-xylene; or ethers such as 1 ,4-dioxane, and THF; or nitriles such as acetonitrile, and propionitrile; or polar aprotic solvents such as DMSO, DMF, DMA, NMP, and the like. Suitable palladium catalysts are e.g. Pd(OAc)2/PPhs, Pd(OAc)2/2,2'-bis(diphenyl- phosphino)-1 ,1'-binaphthyl (BINAP), Pd(OAc)2/4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethyl- xanthene (XantPhos), dichloro[9,9-dimethyl-4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)xanthene]pal ladium(ll), [1 ,1 '-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]dichloropalladium(ll), (1 ,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)- propane)palladium(ll) chloride, trans-bis(acetato)bis[o-(di-o-tolylphosphino)benzyl]dipalla- dium(ll), [2-(di-tert-butylphosphino)-2',4',6'-triisopropyl-1 ,T-biphenyl][2-(2-aminoethyl)- phenyl)]palladium(ll) chloride, and the like. Suitable bases are, in general, inorganic compounds, like alkali metal and alkaline earth metal carbonates, such as e.g. U2CO3, K2CO3, CS2CO3, CaCOs, and the like; or alkali metal phosphates such as e.g. K3PO4, and the like; or organic bases, like tertiary amines, such as e.g. triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, N-methyl- piperidine, N-methyl-N,N-dicyclohexylamine, and 1 ,4-diaza-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane; or amidines such as 1 ,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-en; or alkali metal alcoholates such as sodium tert- butoxide; or alkali metal amides such as lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (LiHMDS). The bases are generally employed in equimolar amounts; however, they can also be used in in excess or, if appropriate, as solvent.

Furthermore, it is also possible to prepare compounds of formula I HA by reacting a compound of formula VII, wherein X ^LG preferably is iodide, bromide, B(OH)2, B(alkyl)2, or B(O-alkyl)2with an N-heterocyclic compound of formula VIII in a copper-promoted (i.e. Ullmann or Chan-Lam- Evans reaction, resp.) cross-coupling reaction.

The copper-promoted reactions are usually carried out at temperatures from 25°C to 200°C, preferably from 50°C to 150°C, in an inert solvent, and in the presence of a copper catalyst and a base. Suitable solvents are e.g. N-containing aromatics such as pyridine, quinoline, and the like; or polar aprotic solvents such as DMSO, DMF, DMA, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidon (NMP), and the like; or ethers such as 1 ,4-dioxane, bis(2-methoxyethyl)ether, and the like; or aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, o-, m-, p-xylene, and the like; or nitriles such as acetonitrile, propionitrile, and the like; or alcohols such as methanol, isopropanol, tert-butanol, and the like; and it is also possible to use mixtures of the solvents mentioned. Suitable copper catalysts are e.g. Cui, CuBr, CuCI, CU2O, Cu(OAc)2, and the like. If desired, it is also possible to employ an amine- or amide-based ligand in the reaction such as e.g. pyridine, 2 ,6-lutidine, 4-(dimethyl- amino)pyridine, quinoline, 1 ,10-phenantroline, and the like; or N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethane-1 ,2- diamine, N,N-dimethylglycine, and the like. Suitable bases are, in general, organic bases, such as e.g. pyridine, 2,6-lutidine, and the like; or tertiary amines, such as triethylamine, and the like; or inorganic compounds, like alkali metal and alkaline earth metal carbonates, such as e.g. Li ₂ COs, K2CO3, CS2CO3, CaCOs, and the like; or alkali metal phosphates such as K3PO4, and the like. The bases are generally employed in equimolar amounts; however, they can also be used in in excess or, if appropriate, as solvent.

The starting materials are generally reacted with one another in equimolar amounts. In terms of yield, it may be advantageous to employ an excess of VIII, based on VII.

Aromatic compounds of formula VII and N-heterocyclic compounds of formula VIII are, in general, commercially available or known in the literature.

Compounds of formula 111 A wherein Y is C(R ^4a )(R ^4b ), can be prepared by reacting a compound of formula Vila, wherein X ^LG is a leaving group, preferably a fluorine or chlorine atom, with an amine of formula VIII in a nucleophilic substitution reaction.

This transformation is usually carried out at temperatures of from -78°C to +110°C, preferably from -20°C to +80°C, in an inert solvent, in the presence of a base [cf. Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry, London, Transactions and Communications (1947), 66, 325],

Suitable solvents are aliphatic hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, cyclohexane, and petrol ether, aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, o-, m-, and p-xylene, halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride, chloroform, and chlorobenzene, ethers such as diethylether, diisopropylether, tert.-butylmethylether, dioxane, anisole, and tetrahydrofurane (THF), nitrils such as acetonitrile, and propionitrile, moreover, dimethyl formamide (DMF), and DMA, preferably aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene; or DMF. It is also possible to use mixtures of the solvents mentioned.

Suitable bases are, in general, inorganic compounds, such as alkali metal and alkaline earth metal hydrides, such as LiH, NaH, KH, and CaH ₂ , alkali metal and alkaline earth metal carbonates, such as U2CO3, K2CO3, and CaCOs, and also alkali metal bicarbonates, such as NaHCOs, moreover organic bases, e.g. tertiary amines, such as trimethylamine, triethylamine, triisopropylethylamine and N-methylpiperidine, pyridine, substituted pyridines, such as collidine, lutidine and 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and also bicyclic amines. Particular preference is given to alkali metal and alkaline earth metal carbonates such as potassium or sodium carbonate.

The bases are generally employed in catalytic amounts; however, they can also be used in equimolar amounts, in excess or, if appropriate, as solvent.

The starting materials are generally reacted with one another in equimolar amounts. In terms of yield, it may be advantageous to employ an excess of VIII, based on Vlla. Compounds of formula 111 A wherein Y is C(R ^4a )(R ^4b ), can be prepared in a two-step protocol via compound Xia by reacting a compound of formula VI lb with an amine of formula Villa in a reductive amination reaction.

This transformation is usually carried out at temperatures of from -78°C to +120°C, preferably from -20°C to +25°C, in an inert solvent, in the presence of a reducing agent and an acid [cf. (literature) European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (2018), 143, 390-401],

Suitable solvents are aliphatic hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, cyclohexane, and petrol ether, aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, o-, m-, and p-xylene, halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride, chloroform, and chlorobenzene, ethers such as diethylether, diisopropylether, tert.-butylmethylether, dioxane, anisole, and THF, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, and tert.-butanol, preferably alcohols such as methanol, ethanol. It is also possible to use mixtures of the solvents mentioned.

Suitable acids and acidic catalysts are in general inorganic acids such as HF, HCI, HBr, H2SO4 and HCIO4, Lewis acids, such as BF3, AICI3, FeCL, SnCL, TiCL, and ZnCh, moreover organic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, oxalic acid, toluene sulphonic acid, benzene sulphonic acid, camphor sulphonic acid, citric acid, and trifluoro acetic acid. The acids are generally employed in catalytic amounts; however, they can also be used in equimolar amounts, in excess or, if appropriate, as solvent.

The starting materials are generally reacted with one another in equimolar amounts. In terms of yield, it may be advantageous to employ an excess of Villa, based on VI I b.

In a second step, compounds of formula Xia can be acylated with compounds of formula XI la to give compounds of formula IIIA.

This transformation is usually carried out at temperatures of from -78°C to +110°C, preferably from -20°C to +110°C, in an inert solvent, in the presence of a base [cf. W02007103905],

Suitable solvents are aliphatic hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, cyclohexane, and petrol ether, aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, o-, m-, and p-xylene, halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride, chloroform, and chlorobenzene, ethers such as diethylether, diisopropylether, tert.-butylmethylether, dioxane, anisole, and THF, nitrils such as acetonitrile, and propionitrile, moreover dimethyl sulphoxide, DMF, and DMA, preferably aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons and ethers such as toluene, methylene chloride and DMF. It is also possible to use mixtures of the solvents mentioned.

Suitable bases are, in general, inorganic compounds, such as alkali metal and alkaline earth metal hydrides, such as LiH, NaH, KH, and CaH2, alkali metal and alkaline earth metal carbonates, such as U2CO3, K2CO3, and CaCOs, and also alkali metal bicarbonates, such as NaHCOs, moreover organic bases, e.g. tertiary amines, such as trimethylamine, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, and N-methylpiperidine, pyridine, substituted pyridines, such as collidine, lutidine, and 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and also bicyclic amines. Particular preference is given to alkali metal carbonates and organic bases such as K2CO3, triethyl amine, or pyridine.

The bases are generally employed in catalytic amounts; however, they can also be used in equimolar amounts, in excess or, if appropriate, as solvent.

The starting materials are generally reacted with one another in equimolar amounts. In terms of yield, it may be advantageous to employ an excess of Xia, based on XI la.

Compounds of formula IIIB.1 , wherein X is NR ³ , can be prepared by reacting a compound of formula 11 IA, wherein X ^H is a halogen, preferably fluoride or chloride, with an amine R ³ NH ₂ in a base-promoted nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction under the same conditions as described above for the synthesis of 111 A from compounds of formula VII and VIII.

Alternatively, Compounds of formula IIIB.1 , wherein X is NR ³ , can be prepared by reacting a compound of formula II IA, wherein X ^H is a halogen, preferably bromide or iodide, with an amine R ³ NH ₂ in a Buchwald-Hartwig or Ullmann cross-coupling reaction, resp., under the same conditions as described above for the synthesis of 111 A from compounds of formula VII and VIII.

Furthermore, compounds of formula I IIB.1 a, wherein X is NH, can be prepared from compounds of formula IX via reduction of the NC>2-group with SnCl2, iron, or zinc, respectively.

These reactions are usually carried out at temperatures from 25°C to 180°C, preferably from 25°C to 80°C, in an inert solvent, and in the presence of an acid. Suitable solvents are e.g. alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, and the like; or esters such as e.g. EtOAc, and the like; or ethers such as e.g. THF, and the like; or H2O; and it is also possible to use mixtures of the solvents mentioned. Suitable acids are, in general, inorganic acids like mineral acids such as e.g. HCI, and the like; or ammonium salts such as e.g. NH4CI, and the like; or organic acids like carboxylic acids such as e.g. AcOH, and the like. The acids are generally employed in equimolar amounts; however, they can also be used in in excess or, if appropriate, as solvent. The starting materials are generally reacted with one another in equimolar amounts. In terms of yield, it may be advantageous to employ an excess of SnCl2, iron, or zinc, resp., based on IX.

In addition, compounds of formula I II B.1 a, wherein X is NH, can also be prepared from compounds of formula IX via reduction of the NC>2-group with a Pd on activated carbon catalyst.

This reaction is usually carried out at temperatures from 0°C to 100°C, preferably from 25°C to 50°C, in an inert solvent, and under a 1-10 bar atmosphere of H2. Suitable solvents are e.g. alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, and the like; or esters such as e.g. EtOAc, and the like; or ethers such as e.g. THF, and the like; or H2O; and it is also possible to use mixtures of the solvents mentioned.

Compounds of formula IIIB.2, wherein X is O, can be prepared by reacting a compound of formula X, wherein X ^LG is a leaving group, preferably iodide, bromide, triflate, B(OH)2, B(alkyl)2, or B(O-alkyl)2, with an N-heterocyclic compound of formula VIII in a Buchwald-Hartwig, Ullmann, or Chan-Lam-Evans reaction, resp., under the same conditions as described above for the synthesis of I HA from compounds of formula VII and VIII.

In turn, compounds of formula IX can be prepared by reacting a compound of formula XI, wherein X ^LG is a leaving group, preferably fluoride or chloride, with an amine of formula VIII in a base-promoted nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction under the same conditions as described above for the synthesis of 111 A from compounds of formula VII and VIII.

Alternatively, compounds of formula IX can be prepared by reacting a compound of formula XI, wherein X ^LG is a leaving group, preferably iodide, bromide, triflate, B(OH)2, B(alkyl)2, or B(O- alkyl)2, with an amine of formula VIII in a Buchwald-Hartwig, Ullmann, or Chan-Lam-Evans reaction, resp., under the same conditions as described above for the synthesis of 11 IA from compounds of formula VII and VIII.

Compounds of formula XI are, in general, commercially available or known in the literature.

If desired, compounds of formula 1.1 , wherein R ³ is not H, can also be prepared by alkylation or acylation of the corresponding H-compound (R ³ =H), analogously as previously described in the literature [cf. WO2022/171472], Alternatively, compounds of formula 1.1 can be prepared by reaction of a compound of formula IIA.1 with an acetal of formula IIIA.1 , wherein X ^H is a halogen, preferably a bromide or iodide, in a Buchwald-Hartwig reaction [cf. WO2022/171472, or WO2010/135360] as described in the outset to yield intermediate XI.1.

This transformation is usually carried out at temperatures of from 0°C to 150°C, preferably from 80°C to 120°C, in an inert solvent, in the presence of a base and a catalyst [cf. M. C. Harris, Journal of Organic Chemistry (1999), 64(16), 6019-6022],

Acetals IIIA.1 are commercially available or can be prepared by methods known in the art. Suitable solvents are ethers such as diethylether, diisopropylether, tert.-butylmethylether, dioxane, anisole, and THF, preferably dioxane.

Acetals XIII are transformed to aldehydes XIV under acidic conditions.

This transformation is usually carried out at temperatures of from 0°C to +80°C, preferably from 10°C to 50°C, in an inert solvent, in the presence of an acid [cf. X. Wu, Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis (2018), 360(6), 1111-1115 ].

Suitable solvents are ethers such as diethylether, diisopropylether, tert.-butylmethylether, dioxane, anisole, and THF, preferably THF. Suitable acids and acidic catalysts are in general anorganic acids such as HCI, HBr, H2SO4, and HCIO4, preferably HCI, in aqueous solution.

Aldehydes XIV are transformed to amines XV under reductive conditions with ammonia.

This transformation is usually carried out at temperatures of from 0°C to 120 °C, preferably from 0°C to 50 °C, in an inert solvent, in the presence of a reduction agent (e.g. NaBH4) and NH ₃ , [cf. C. R. Reddy et al, Journal of Organic Chemistry (2023), 88(11), 7117-7127 (].

Suitable solvents are alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, and tert.-butanol, preferably methanol and ethanol. Suitable alternative solvents are, for example, organic acids such as acetic acid or mixtures of acetic acid and alcohols.

Amino compounds XV can be acylated with compounds of formula XI la to give compounds 1.1.

This transformation is usually carried out under conditions described above for the reaction of Xia with Xlla.

Alternatively, the reaction sequence above (IIIA.1 — > XIII — > XIV — > XV — > 1.1) can be run with compounds with R ³ being H, and the introduction of R ³ can be applied in a later stage, e.g. to compounds XIII, or 1.1.

Alternatively, compounds of formula XV can be prepared by cleavage of a compound of formula 1.1 wherein the group -Q-R ⁶ represents a protective group, such as Boc, mesyl, or tosyl.

This transformation is usually carried out under acidic, protic conditions known in the art.

The starting materials required for preparing the compounds I are commercially available or known from the literature [cf. e.g. WO2022/171472] or can be prepared in accordance with the literature cited.

The reaction mixtures are worked up in a customary manner, for example by mixing with water, separating the phases and, if appropriate, chromatographic purification of the crude products. Some of the intermediates and end products are obtained in the form of colourless or slightly brownish viscous oils which are purified or freed from volatile components under reduced pressure and at moderately elevated temperature. If the intermediates and end products are obtained as solids, purification can also be carried out by recrystallization or digestion.

If individual compounds I cannot be obtained by the routes described above, they can be prepared by derivatization of other compounds I.

However, if the synthesis yields mixtures of isomers, a separation is generally not necessarily required since in some cases the individual isomers can be interconverted during work-up for use or during application (e.g. under the action of light, acids or bases). Such conversions may also take place after use, e.g. in the treatment of plants in the treated plant, or in the pest to be controlled. In a preferred embodiment, the compounds I are present in form of a mixture of compounds I. A and I. B, wherein compound I. A with S-configuration in the isoxazoline ring is present in an amount of more than 50% by weight, in particular of at least 70% by weight, more particularly of at least 85% by weight, specifically of at least 90% by weight, based on the total weight of compounds I. A and I.B.

In one particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the method for protecting growing plants from attack or infestation by invertebrate pests comprises the step of contacting the plant, parts of it, its propagation material, the pests, their food supply, habitat or breeding grounds a pesticidally effective amount of a compound of formula I. A.

Compounds of formula I. A, and I.B, resp., can be obtained in enantiopure form by known separation methods, preferably by chiral chromatography. This is preferably applied to intermediate compounds of formula HA and IIB, or to compounds of formula I.

The organic moieties groups mentioned in the above definitions of the variables are - like the term halogen - collective terms for individual listings of the individual group members. The prefix Cn-Cm indicates in each case the possible number of carbon atoms in the group.

The term “partially or fully substituted” by a radical means that in general the group is substituted with same or different radicals.

The term “halogen” denotes in each case fluorine, bromine, chlorine, or iodine, in particular fluorine, chlorine, or bromine.

The term "alkyl" as used herein and in the alkyl moieties of alkylamino, alkylcarbonyl, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl and alkoxyalkyl denotes in each case a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having usually from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, frequently from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably from 1 to 3 carbon atoms. Examples of an alkyl group are methyl (Me), ethyl (Et), n-propyl (n-Pr), iso-propyl, n-butyl, 2-butyl, iso-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, l-me-'thylbutyl, 2 methylbutyl, 3 methylbutyl, 2,2-dhmethylpropyl, 1 ethylpropyl, n- hexyl, 1 , 1 -dimethyl-propyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 1 -methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, 1 ,1-dimethyhbutyl, 1 ,2-dimethylbutyl, 1 ,3-dimethyhbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 2,3- dimethylbutyl, 3,3-dimethyhbutyl, 1-ethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 1,1 ,2-tri methyl propyl, 1,2,2- trimethylpropyl, 1-ethyl-1-methyhpropyl, and 1-ethyl-2-methylpropyl.

The term "haloalkyl" as used herein and in the haloalkyl moieties of haloalkylcarbonyl, haloalkoxycarbonyl, haloalkylthio, haloalkylsulfonyl, haloalkylsulfinyl, haloalkoxy and haloalkoxyalkyl, denotes in each case a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having usually from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, frequently from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrogen atoms of this group are partially or totally replaced with halogen atoms. Preferred haloalkyl moieties are selected from Ci-C4-halo ^_, alkyl, more preferably from Ci-Cs-haloalkyl or Ci-C2-haloalkyl, in particular from Ci-C2-fluoroalkyl such as fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, 1 -fluoroethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 2,2 difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, pentafluoroethyl, and the like.

The term "alkoxy" as used herein denotes in each case a straight-chain or branched alkyl group which is bonded via an oxygen atom and has usually from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, frequently from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Examples of an alkoxy group are methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, iso-prop-'oxy, n-butyloxy, 2-butyloxy, iso-butyloxy, tert.- butyloxy, and the like.

The term "alkoxyalkyl" as used herein refers to alkyl usually comprising 1 to 10, frequently 1 to 4, preferably 1 to 2 carbon atoms, wherein 1 carbon atom carries an alkoxy radical usually comprising 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2 carbon atoms as defined above. Examples are CH2OCH3, CH2-OC2H5, 2-(methoxy)ethyl, and 2-(ethoxy)ethyl.

The term "haloalkoxy" as used herein denotes in each case a straight-chain or branched alkoxy group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, frequently from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrogen atoms of this group are partially or totally replaced with halogen atoms, in particular fluorine atoms. Preferred haloalkoxy moieties include C1-C4- haloalkoxy, in particular Ci-C2-fluoroalkoxy, such as fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, 1 fluoroethoxy, 2-fluoroethoxy, 2,2 difluoroethoxy, 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy, 2- chloro-2-fluoroethoxy, 2-chloro-2,2-difluoro-ethoxy, 2,2dichloro-2-fluorethoxy, 2,2,2- trichloroethoxy, penta ^_, fluoroethoxy and the like.

The term "alkylthio "(alkylsulfanyl: alkyl-S-)" as used herein refers to a straight-chain or branched saturated alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms (= Ci-C4-alkylthio), more preferably 1 to 3 carbon atoms, which is attached via a sulfur atom.

The term "haloalkylthio" as used herein refers to an alkylthio group as mentioned above wherein the hydrogen atoms are partially or fully substituted by fluorine, chlorine, bromine and/or iodine.

The term "alkylsulfinyl" (alkylsulfoxyl: Ci-Ce-alkyl-S(O)-), as used herein refers to a straightchain or branched saturated alkyl group (as mentioned above) having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms (= Ci-C4-alkylsulfinyl), more preferably 1 to 3 carbon atoms bonded through the sulfur atom of the sulfinyl group at any position in the alkyl group.

The term "haloalkylsulfinyl" as used herein refers to an alkylsulfinyl group as mentioned above wherein the hydrogen atoms are partially or fully substituted by fluorine, chlorine, bromine and/or iodine.

The term "alkylsulfonyl" (alkyl-S(O)2-) as used herein refers to a straight-chain or branched saturated alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms (= C1-C4- alkylsulfonyl), preferably 1 to 3 carbon atoms, which is bonded via the sulfur atom of the sulfonyl group at any position in the alkyl group.

The term "haloalkylsulfonyl" as used herein refers to an alkylsulfonyl group as mentioned above wherein the hydrogen atoms are partially or fully substituted by fluorine, chlorine, bromine and/or iodine.

The term "alkylcarbonyl" refers to an alkyl group as defined above, which is bonded via the car-bon atom of a carbonyl group (C=O) to the remainder of the molecule.

The term "haloalkylcarbonyl" refers to an alkylcarbonyl group as mentioned above, wherein the hydrogen atoms are partially or fully substituted by fluorine, chlorine, bromine and/or iodine.

The term "alkoxycarbonyl" refers to an alkylcarbonyl group as defined above, which is bonded via an oxygen atom to the remainder of the molecule.

The term "haloalkoxycarbonyl” refers to an alkoxycarbonyl group as mentioned above, wherein the hydrogen atoms are partially or fully substituted by fluorine, chlorine, bromine and/or iodine.

The term "alkenyl" as used herein denotes in each case a singly unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having usually 2 to 10, frequently 2 to 6, preferably 2 to 4 carbon atoms, e.g. vinyl, allyl (2-propen-1-yl), 1-propen-1-yl, 2 propen-2-yl, methallyl (2-methylprop-2-en-1-yl), 2-buten-1-yl, 3- buten-1-yl, 2-penten-1-yl, 3-penten-1-yl, 4-penten-1-yl, 1-methylbut-2-en-1-yl, 2-ethylprop-2-en- 1-yl and the like.

The term "haloalkenyl" as used herein refers to an alkenyl group as defined above, wherein the hydrogen atoms are partially or totally replaced with halogen atoms.

The term "alkynyl" as used herein denotes in each case a singly unsaturated hydrocarbon radi-cal having usually 2 to 10, frequently 2 to 6, preferably 2 to 4 carbon atoms, e.g. ethynyl, propar-gyl (2-propyn-1-yl), 1-propyn-1-yl, 1-methylprop-2-yn-1-yl), 2-butyn-1-yl, 3-butyn-1-yl, 1- pentyn-1-yl, 3-pentyn-1-yl, 4-pentyn-1-yl, 1-methylbut-2-yn-1-yl, 1-ethylprop-2-yn-1-yl and the like.

The term "haloalkynyl" as used herein refers to an alkynyl group as defined above, wherein the hydrogen atoms are partially or totally replaced with halogen atoms.

The term "cycloalkyl" as used herein and in the cycloalkyl moieties of cycloalkoxy and cycloalkylthio denotes in each case a monocyclic cycloaliphatic radical having usually from 3 to 10 or from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, such as cyclopropyl (CC3H5), cyclobutyl (CC4H7), cyclopentyl (CC5H9), cyclohexyl (cCeHn), cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclononyl and cyclodecyl or cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl.

The term "halocycloalkyl" as used herein and in the halocycloalkyl moieties of halocycloalkoxy and halocycloalkylthio denotes in each case a monocyclic cycloaliphatic radical having usually from 3 to 10 C atoms or 3 to 6 C atoms, wherein at least one, e.g. 1 , 2, 3, 4 or 5 of the hydrogen atoms, are replaced by halogen, in particular by fluorine or chlorine. Examples are 1- and 2-flu- orocyclopropyl, 1 ,2-, 2,2- and 2,3-difluorocyclopropyl, 1 ,2,2-trifluorocyclopropyl, 2, 2,3,3- tetrafluorocyclpropyl, 1- and 2-chlorocyclopropyl, 1 ,2-, 2,2- and 2,3-dichlorocyclopropyl, 1 ,2,2- trichlorocyclopropyl, 2,2,3,3-tetrachlorocyclpropyl, 1-,2- and 3-fluorocyclopentyl, 1 ,2-, 2,2-, 2,3-,

3.3-, 3,4-, 2,5-difluorocyclopentyl, 1-,2- and 3-chlorocyclopentyl, 1 ,2-, 2,2-, 2,3-, 3,3-, 3,4-, 2,5- dichlorocyclopentyl and the like.

The term “halocycloalkenyl” as used herein and in the halocycloalkenyl moieties of halocycloalkenyloxy and halocycloalkenylthio denotes in each case a monocyclic singly unsaturated non-aromatic radical having usually from 3 to 10, e.g. 3 or 4 or from 5 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably from 3- to 8 carbon atoms, wherein at least one, e.g. 1 , 2, 3, 4 or 5 of the hydrogen atoms, are replaced by halogen, in particular by fluorine or chlorine. Examples are

3.3-difluorocyclopropen-1-yl and 3,3-dichlorocyclopropen-1-yl.

The term "cycloalkenylalkyl" refers to a cycloalkenyl group as defined above which is bonded via an alkyl group, such as a Ci-Cs-alkyl group or a Ci-C4-alkyl group, in particular a methyl group (= cycloalkenylmethyl), to the remainder of the molecule.

The term “carbocycle” or “carbocyclyl” includes in general a 3- to 12-membered, preferably a 3- to 8-membered or a 5- to 8-membered, more preferably a 5- or 6-membered monocyclic, non-aromatic ring comprising 3 to 12, preferably 3 to 8 or 5 to 8, more preferably 5 or 6 carbon atoms. Preferably, the term “carbocycle” covers cycloalkyl and cycloalkenyl groups as defined above.

The term “heterocycle” or "heterocyclyl" includes in general 3- to 12-membered, preferably 3- to 6-membered, in particular 6-membered monocyclic heterocyclic non-aromatic radicals. The heterocyclic non-aromatic radicals usually comprise 1 , 2, 3, 4 or 5, preferably 1 , 2 or 3 hetercr'atoms selected from N, O and S as ring members, wherein S-atoms as ring members may be present as S, SO or SO2. Examples of 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic radicals comprise saturated or unsaturated, non-aromatic heterocyclic rings, such as oxiranyl, oxetanyl, thietanyl, thietanyl-S-oxid (S-oxothietanyl), thietanyl-S-dioxid (S-dioxothiethanyl), pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolinyl, pyrazolinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, dihydrofuranyl, 1 ,3-dioxolanyl, thiolanyl, S-oxothiolanyl, S- dioxo-'thiolanyl, dihydrothienyl, S-oxodihydrothienyl, S-dioxodihydro ^_, thienyl, oxazolidinyl, oxazolinyl, thiazolinyl, oxathiolanyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, pyranyl, dihydropyranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, 1 ,3- and 1 ,4-dioxanyl, thiopyranyl, S. oxothiopyranyl, S-dioxothiopyranyl, dihydrothio-'pyranyl, S-oxo ^_, dihydrothiopyranyl, S-dioxodihydrothiopyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, S-oxotetra ^_, hydrothiopyranyl, S-dioxotetrahydrothiopyranyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, S-oxothio- ^, morpho- ^, linyl, S-dioxothiomorpholinyl, thiazinyl and the like. Examples for heterocyclic ring also comprising 1 or 2 carbonyl groups as ring members comprise pyrrolidin-2-onyl, pyrrolidin-2,5-dionyl, imidazolidin-2-onyl, oxazolidin-2-onyl, thiazolidin-2-only, and the like.

The term "hetaryl" includes monocyclic 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic radicals comprising as ring members 1 , 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S. N- or S-containing hetaryl groups may be present as positively charged onium, and form together with a neighbouring atom a mesoionic entity. Examples of 5- or 6 membered heteroaromatic radicals include pyridyl, i.e. 2-, 3-, or 4 pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, i.e. 2 , 4- or 5-pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, i.e. 3- or 4 pyridazinyl, thienyl, i.e. 2- or 3-thienyl, furyl, i.e. 2-or 3-furyl, pyrrolyl, i.e. 2- or 3 pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, i.e. 2-, 3- or 5-oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, i.e. 3-, 4- or 5-isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, i.e. 2-, 3- or 5- thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, i.e. 3-, 4- or 5 isothiazolyl, pyrazolyl, i.e. 1-, 3-, 4- or 5-pyrazolyl, i.e. 1-, 2-,

4- or 5-imidazolyl, oxadiazolyl, e.g. 2- or 5 [1 ,3,4]oxadiazolyl, 4- or 5-(1 ,2,3-oxa ^_, diazol)yl, 3- or

5-(1 ,2,4-oxadiazol)yl, 2- or 5 (1 ,3,4-thiadiazol)yl, thiadiazolyl, e.g. 2- or 5-(1 ,3,4-thia ^_, diazol)yl, 4- or 5 (1 ,2,3 thiadiazol)yl, 3- or 5-(1 ,2,4-thiadiazol)yl, triazolyl, e.g. 1 H-, 2H- or 3H 1 ,2,3 triazol-4- yl, 2H-triazol-3-yl, 1 H-, 2H-, or 4H-1 ,2,4-triazolyl and tetrazolyl, i.e. 1 H- or 2H tetrazolyl. The term "hetaryl" also includes bicyclic 8 to 10-membered heteroaromatic radicals comprising as ring members 1 , 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, wherein a 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic ring is fused to a phenyl ring or to a 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic radical. Examples of a 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic ring fused to a phenyl ring or to a 5- or 6- membered heteroaromatic radical include benzofuranyl, benzo ^_, thienyl, indolyl, ind-'azolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxathiazolyl, benzoxadiazolyl, benzothiadiazolyl, benzoxazinyl, chinolinyl, isochinolinyl, purinyl, 1 ,8-naphthyridyl, pteridyl, pyrido[3,2 d]pyrimidyl or pyridoimidazolyl and the like. These fused hetaryl radicals may be bonded to the remainder of the molecule via any ring atom of 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic ring or via a carbon atom of the fused phenyl moiety.

The terms "heterocyclylalkyl" and "hetarylalkyl" refer to heterocyclyl or hetaryl, respectively, as defined above which are bonded via a Ci-Cs-alkyl group or a Ci-C4-alkyl group, in particular a methyl group (= heterocyclylmethyl or hetaryl methyl, respectively), to the remainder of the molecule.

The term “arylalkyl” and "phenylalkyl" refer to aryl as defined above and phenyl, respectively, which are bonded via Ci-Cs-alkyl group or a Ci-C4-alkyl group, in particular a methyl group (= arylmethyl or phenylmethyl), to the remainder of the molecule, examples including benzyl, 1- phenylethyl, 2-phenylethyl, 2-phenoxyethyl etc.

The terms “alkylene”, “cycloalkylene”, “heterocycloalkylene”, “alkenylene”, “cycloalkenylene”, “heterocycloalkenylene” and “alkynylene” refer to alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocycloalkenyl and alkynyl as defined above, respectively, which are bonded to the remainder of the molecule, via two atoms, preferably via two carbon atoms, of the respective group, so that they represent a linker between two moieties of the molecule.

In a particular embodiment, the variables of the compounds of the formula I have the following meanings, these meanings, both on their own and in combination with one another, being particular embodiments of the compounds of the formula I. Embodiments and preferred compounds of the invention for use in pesticidal methods and for insecticidal application purposes are outlined in the following paragraphs.

With respect to the variables, the particularly preferred embodiments of the intermediates correspond to those of the compounds of the formula I.

In one embodiment W is a group WA, wherein

A ¹ , A ² , A ³ are N or CR ² , provided that at least two are CR ² ;

R ² are independently from each other preferably H, halogen, halomethyl, halomethoxy, or halomethyl-S(O) _m -

In another embodiment W is phenyl, which is substituted with one to three groups halogen, halomethyl, halomethoxy, and/or halomethyl-S(O) _m .

W is preferably a group WP: wherein R ^2a , R ^2b , and R ^2c are a group R ² , preferably selected from halogen, halomethyl, halomethoxy, and halomethyl-S(O) _m .

Particularly preferred is each one of the following combinations of R ^2a , R ^2b and R ^2c wherein each line of Table W denotes a substitution pattern of the phenyl ring (“WP”) bearing the R ^2a , R ^2b and R ^2c moieties.

Table W

Groups W-8, W-9, W-11, and W-33 are more preferred patterns in formula I compounds. W-8 and W-11 are particularly preferred.

In another embodiment group W is selected from W-8, W-9, W-11, W-33, and W-34.

Another embodiment of W is a 6-membered hetaryl, such as thiophene, pyrazole, imidazole, or pyridine, which rings are substituted with 1 or 2 groups R ^2a or Ci-C2-alkoxy-Ci-C2-alkyl.

R ¹ is preferably methyl, substituted with 1 to 3 atoms selected from Cl and F, such as CF3, CHF ₂ , CCIF2, CCI2F, CCI3, CHCI2, or CHFCI.

X is preferably NR ³ .

R ³ is preferably H, Ci-Ce-alkoxycarbonyl, or Ci-Ce-alkyl, which alkyl is unsubstituted or substituted with CN, Cs-Ce-cycloalkyl, and/or Ci-Ce-alkoxy. R ³ being H, C2H5, or CH2OCH3 is particularly preferred.

In another embodiment R ³ is OH, Ci-C4-alkoxy, or Ci-C4-alkoxycarbonyl.

In another embodiment X is O.

In one embodiment G is a group GA:

2

1.Q/. 3 Q ' Q

GA wherein

Q ¹ ,Q ² ,Q ³ ,Q ⁴ are N or CR ⁴ ; provided that at least three are CR ⁴ ;

R ⁴ are independently from each other preferably H, halogen, CN, Ci-C4-alkyl, Ci-C4-cycloalkyl,

Ci-C4-haloalkyl, Ci-C4-halocycloalkyl, Ci-Cs-alkoxy, Ci-Cs-haloalkoxy, S(O) _m -Ci-C3-alkyl, S(O)m-Ci-C3-haloalkyl.

G is preferably a group G1, G2, G3, or G4: wherein # is the bond to X, % is the bond to Y, and R ⁴¹ and R ⁴² are H or a group R ² , preferably H, or halogen, CN, halomethyl, halomethoxy. In a particularly preferred embodiment R ⁴¹ is CN, and halogen such as Cl, and R ⁴² is H.

In a preferred embodiment G is G1 and R ⁴² is H.

In another embodiment G is selected from G1 and G4, wherein R ⁴² is H.

In a preferred embodiment Y is C(R ^4a )(R ^4b ), preferably CH ₂ .

In a preferred embodiment Q is a pyrazole, imidazole, or triazole; preferably selected from 1-pyrazole, 1-imidazole, and 1 ,2,4-triazole, which are unsubstituted or substituted with CN, Ci-C4-alkyl, Ci-C4-haloalkyl, Ci-C4-haloalkoxy, S(O) _m -Ci-C4-alkyl, S(O) _m -Ci-C4-haloalkyl, NR ¹⁵ C(=O)R ²⁶ , or C(=O)NR ^25a R ^25b , wherein R ^25a and R ^25b are preferably H, Ci-C4-alkyl, Ci-C4-haloalkyl, and Cs-Ce-cycloalkyl.

In a preferred embodiment Q is C(=O).

A preferred embodiment are compounds of formula I, wherein R ¹ is Ci-C2-haloalkyl, preferably halomethyl;

W is phenyl, which is partially or fully substituted with R ² ;

R ² is halogen, CN, OH, Ci-C4-alkoxy, OR ²¹ , Ci-C4-haloalkyl, Ci-Cs-alkoxy, C1-C3- haloalkoxy, Ci-C3-alkyl-S(O) _m , Ci-C3-haloalkyl-S(O) _m , Ci-Cs-alkoxy-Ci-C4-alkyl;

X is NR ³ or O;

R ³ is H, Ci-C4-alkyl, Ci-C4-alkoxy-Ci-C4-alkyl, Ci-C4-alkoxycarbonyl, C3-Ce-cycloalkyl-Ci-C4- alkyl, C2-C4-alkenyl, C2-C4-alkynyl,

G is phenyl, which is unsubstituted, partially, or fully substituted with R ⁴ ; preferably a group G1 , wherein R ⁴¹ and R ⁴² are H, halogen, Ci-C4-alkyl, Ci-C4-haloalkyl, Ci-C4-alkoxy, C1-C4- haloalkoxy;

R ⁴ is H, halogen Ci-C4-alkyl, Ci-C4-haloalkyl, Ci-C4-alkoxy, Ci-C4-haloalkoxy; or R ⁴ and R ^4a /R ^4b together form a 5-, or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated carbo- or heterocycle, which heterocycle may contain 1 or 2 N as ring members;

Y is a direct bond or CR ^4a R ^4b ;

Q is C(=O) or SO2;

R ⁵ H, R ⁶ Ci-C4-alkyl, Ci-C4-haloalkyl, C ₃ -Ce-cycloalkyl, C ₃ -C6-cycloalkyl-CiC4-alkyl, C ₃ -Ce- cycloalkenyl, Ci-C4-alkoxy-Ci-C4-alkyl, Ci-C4-alkyl-S(O) _m -Ci-C4-alkyl, NR ^H C(=O)-CI-C4- alkyl, NR ^H C(=O)-C ₃ -C ₆ -cycloalkyl, CR ^H N=OR ²⁴ , CR ^H N=OR ²⁴ , 4-, 5-, or 6-membered saturated or partially or fully unsaturated heterocycle containing 1 , 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from O, N, S as ring members, wherein S may be oxidized, wherein R ^H is H, CN or Ci-C4-alkyl,

R ⁶ being unsubstituted or substituted with CN, Ci-C4-alkoxy, Ci-C4-haloalkoxy, S(O) _m -Ci- C4-alkyl, S(O) _m -Ci-C4-haloalkyl, Cs-Ce-cycloalkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted with 1 or 2 halogen and/or CN.

A preferred embodiment are compounds of formula I which correspond to formula I.A as depicted below, wherein the variables are defined and preferred as above.

I.A

Another preferred embodiment are compounds of formula I which correspond to formula I’ as depicted below, wherein the variables are defined and preferred as above.

Another preferred embodiment are compounds of formula I which correspond to formula 1.1 as depicted below, wherein the variables are defined and preferred as above.

In particular with a view to their use, preference is given to the compounds of formula I compiled in the tables below, which compounds correspond to formula 1.1 wherein R ¹ is CF ₃ and R ⁵ and R ⁴² denote H. Each of the groups mentioned for a substituent in the tables is furthermore per se, independently of the combination in which it is mentioned, a particularly preferred aspect of the substituent in question.

Table 1 : Compounds of formula 1.1 in which Q is C=O, R ⁶ is CH ₃ , and the other variables for a compound correspond in each case to one row of Table A

Table 2: Compounds of formula 1.1 in which Q is C=O, R ⁶ is C2H5, and the other variables for a compound correspond in each case to one row of Table A Table 3: Compounds of formula 1.1 in which Q is C=O, R ⁶ is CH2CH2CH3, and the other variables for a compound correspond in each case to one row of Table A

Table 4: Compounds of formula 1.1 in which Q is CH(CHs)2, and the other variables for a compound correspond in each case to one row of Table A

Table 5: Compounds of formula 1.1 in which Q is C=O, R ⁶ is CC3H5, and the other variables for a compound correspond in each case to one row of Table A

Table 6: Compounds of formula 1.1 in which Q is C=O, R ⁶ is (1-CN-)cCsH4, and the other variables for a compound correspond in each case to one row of Table A

Table 7: Compounds of formula 1.1 in which Q is C=O, R ⁶ is CH2OCH3, and the other variables for a compound correspond in each case to one row of Table A

Table 8: Compounds of formula 1.1 in which Q is C=O, R ⁶ is CH2CH2OCH3, and the other variables for a compound correspond in each case to one row of Table A

Table 9: Compounds of formula 1.1 in which Q is SO2, R ⁶ is CH ₃ , and the other variables for a compound correspond in each case to one row of Table A

Table 10: Compounds of formula 1.1 in which Q is SO2, R ⁶ is C2H5, and the other variables for a compound correspond in each case to one row of Table A

Table 11 : Compounds of formula 1.1 in which Q is SO2, R ⁶ is CH2CH2CH3, and the other variables for a compound correspond in each case to one row of Table A

Table 12: Compounds of formula 1.1 in which Q is SO2, R ⁶ is CH(CHs)2, and the other variables for a compound correspond in each case to one row of Table A

Table 13: Compounds of formula 1.1 in which Q is SO2, R ⁶ is CC3H5, and the other variables for a compound correspond in each case to one row of Table A

Table 14: Compounds of formula 1.1 in which Q is SO2, R ⁶ is (1-CN-)cCsH4, and the other variables for a compound correspond in each case to one row of Table A

Table 15: Compounds of formula 1.1 in which Q is SO2, R ⁶ is CH2OCH3, and the other variables for a compound correspond in each case to one row of Table A

Table 16: Compounds of formula 1.1 in which Q is SO2, R ⁶ is CH2CH2OCH3, and the other variables for a compound correspond in each case to one row of Table A

Table A

The term “compound(s) of the invention” refers to compound(s) of formula I, or “compound(s) I”, and includes their salts, tautomers, stereoisomers, and N-oxides.

The invention also relates to agrochemical compositions comprising an auxiliary and at least one compound I.

An agrochemical composition comprises a pesticidally effective amount of a compound I. An agrochemical composition comprises a pesticidally effective amount of a compound I. The compounds I can be converted into customary types of agro-chemical compositions, e.g. solutions, emulsions, suspensions, dusts, powders, pastes, granules, pressings, capsules, and mixtures thereof. Examples for composition types are suspensions (e.g. SC, OD, FS), emulsifiable concentrates (e.g. EC), emulsions (e.g. EW, EO, ES, ME), capsules (e.g. CS, ZC), pastes, pastilles, wettable powders or dusts (e.g. WP, SP, WS, DP, DS), pressings (e.g. BR, TB, DT), granules (e.g. WG, SG, GR, FG, GG, MG), insecticidal articles (e.g. LN), as well as gel formulations for the treatment of plant propagation materials e.g. seeds (e.g. GF). These and further compositions types are defined in the “Catalogue of pesticide formulation types and international coding system”, Technical Monograph No. 2, 6th Ed. May 2008, CropLife International.

Suitable auxiliaries are solvents, liquid carriers, solid carriers or fillers, surfactants, dispersants, emulsifiers, wetters, adjuvants, solubilizers, penetration enhancers, protective colloids, adhesion agents, thickeners, humectants, repellents, attractants, feeding stimulants, compatibilizers, bactericides, anti-freezing agents, anti-foaming agents, colorants, tackifiers and binders.

Suitable solvents and liquid carriers are water and organic solvents. Suitable solid carriers or fillers are mineral earths.

Suitable surfactants are surface-active compounds, e.g. anionic, cationic, nonionic, and amphoteric surfactants, block polymers, polyelectrolytes. Such surfactants can be used as emulsifier, dispersant, solubilizer, wetter, penetration enhancer, protective colloid, or adjuvant. Surfactants are listed in McCutcheon’s, Vol.1: Emulsifiers & Detergents, McCutcheon’s Directories, Glen Rock, USA, 2008 (International or North American Ed.). Suitable anionic surfactants are alkali, alkaline earth, or ammonium salts of sulfonates, sulfates, phosphates, carboxylates. Suitable nonionic surfactants are alkoxylates, N-subsituted fatty acid amides, amine oxides, esters, sugar-based surfactants, polymeric surfactants. Suitable cationic surfactants are quaternary surfactants.

The agrochemical compositions generally comprise between 0.01 and 95%, preferably between 0.1 and 90%, and most preferably between 0.5 and 75%, by weight of active substance. The active substances are employed in a purity of from 90% to 100%, preferably from 95% to 100%.

Various types of oils, wetters, adjuvants, or fertilizer may be added to the active substances or the compositions comprising them as premix or, if appropriate not until immediately prior to use (tank mix). These agents can be admixed with the compositions according to the invention in a weight ratio of 1 : 100 to 100: 1.

The user applies the composition according to the invention usually from a predosage device, a knapsack sprayer, a spray tank, a spray plane, or an irrigation system. Usually, the agrochemical composition is made up with water, buffer, and/or further auxiliaries to the desired application concentration and the ready-to-use spray liquor or the agrochemical composition according to the invention is thus obtained. Usually, 20 to 2000 liters of the ready-to-use spray liquor are applied per hectare of agricultural useful area.

The compounds I are suitable for use in protecting crops, plants, plant propagation materials, e.g. seeds, or soil or water, in which the plants are growing, from attack or infestation by animal pests. Therefore, the invention also relates to a plant protection method, which comprises contacting crops, plants, plant propagation materials, e.g. seeds, or soil or water, in which the plants are growing, to be protected from attack or infestation by animal pests, with a pesticidally effective amount of a compound I.

The compounds I are also suitable for use in combating or controlling animal pests. Therefore, the invention also relates to a method of combating or controlling animal pests, which comprises contacting the animal pests, their habitat, breeding ground, or food supply, or the crops, plants, plant propagation materials, e.g. seeds, or soil, or the area, material or environment in which the animal pests are growing or may grow, with a pesticidally effective amount of a compound I.

The compounds I are effective through both contact and ingestion to any and all developmental stages, such as egg, larva, pupa, and adult.

The compounds I can be applied as such or in form of compositions comprising them.

The application can be carried out both before and after the infestation of the crops, plants, plant propagation materials by the pests.

The term "contacting" includes both direct contact (applying the compounds/compositions directly on the animal pest or plant) and indirect contact (applying the compounds/compositions to the locus).

The term “animal pest” includes arthropods, gastropods, and nematodes. Preferred animal pests according to the invention are arthropods, preferably insects and arachnids, in particular insects.

The term “plant” includes cereals, e.g. durum and other wheat, rye, barley, triticale, oats, rice, or maize (fodder maize and sugar maize I sweet and field corn); beet, e.g. sugar beet, or fodder beet; fruits, e.g. pomes, stone fruits, or soft fruits, e.g. apples, pears, plums, peaches, nectarines, almonds, cherries, papayas, strawberries, raspberries, blackberries or gooseberries; leguminous plants, e.g. beans, lentils, peas, alfalfa, or soybeans; oil plants, e.g. rapeseed (oilseed rape), turnip rape, mustard, olives, sunflowers, coconut, cocoa beans, castor oil plants, oil palms, ground nuts, or soybeans; cucurbits, e.g. squashes, pumpkins, cucumber or melons; fiber plants, e.g. cotton, flax, hemp, or jute; citrus fruit, e.g. oranges, lemons, grapefruits or mandarins; vegetables, e.g. eggplant, spinach, lettuce (e.g. iceberg lettuce), chicory, cabbage, asparagus, cabbages, carrots, onions, garlic, leeks, tomatoes, potatoes, cucurbits or sweet peppers; lauraceous plants, e.g. avocados, cinnamon, or camphor; energy and raw material plants, e.g. corn, soybean, rapeseed, sugar cane or oil palm; tobacco; nuts, e.g. walnuts; pistachios; coffee; tea; bananas; vines; hop; sweet leaf (Stevia); natural rubber plants or ornamental and forestry plants, shrubs, broad-leaved trees or evergreens, eucalyptus; turf; lawn; grass. Preferred plants include potatoes, sugar beets, tobacco, wheat, rye, barley, oats, rice, corn, cotton, soybeans, rapeseed, legumes, sunflowers, coffee, or sugar cane; fruits; vines; ornamentals; or vegetables, e.g. cucumbers, tomatoes, beans or squashes.

The term “seed” embraces seeds and plant propagules including true seeds, seed pieces, suckers, corms, bulbs, fruit, tubers, grains, cuttings, cut shoots, and means preferably true seeds.

"Pesticidally effective amount" means the amount of active ingredient needed to achieve an observable effect on growth, including the effects of necrosis, death, retardation, prevention, and removal, destruction, or otherwise diminishing the occurrence and activity of the target organism. The pesticidally effective amount can vary for the various compounds/compositions used in the invention. A pesticidally effective amount of the compositions will also vary according to the prevailing conditions e.g. desired pesticidal effect and duration, weather, target species, locus, mode of application.

For use in treating crop plants, e.g. by foliar application, the rate of application of the active ingredients of this invention may be in the range of 0.0001 g to 4000 g per hectare, e.g. from 1 g to 2 kg per hectare or from 1 g to 750 g per hectare, desirably from 1 g to 100 g per hectare.

The compounds I are also suitable for use against non-crop insect pests. For use against said non-crop pests, compounds I can be used as bait composition, gel, general insect spray, aerosol, as ultra-low volume application and bed net (impregnated or surface applied).

The term “non-crop insect pest” refers to pests, which are particularly relevant for non-crop targets, e.g. ants, termites, wasps, flies, ticks, mosquitoes, bed bugs, crickets, or cockroaches, such as: Aedes aegypti, Musca domestica, Tribolium spp.; termites such as Reticulitermes flavipes, Coptotermes formosanus; roaches such as Blatella germanica, Periplaneta Americana; ants such as Solenopsis invicta, Linepithema humile, and Camponotus pennsylvanicus.

The bait can be a liquid, a solid or a semisolid preparation (e.g. a gel). For use in bait compositions, the typical content of active ingredient is from 0.001 wt% to 15 wt%, desirably from 0.001 wt% to 5 wt% of active compound.

The compounds I and its compositions can be used for protecting wooden materials such as trees, board fences, sleepers, frames, artistic artifacts, etc. and buildings, but also construction materials, furniture, leathers, fibers, vinyl articles, electric wires and cables etc. from ants, termites and/or wood or textile destroying beetles, and for controlling ants and termites from doing harm to crops or human beings (e.g. when the pests invade into houses and public facilities or nest in yards, orchards or parks).

Customary application rates in the protection of materials are, e.g., from 0.001 g to 2000 g or from 0.01 g to 1000 g of active compound per m ² treated material, desirably from 0.1 g to 50 g per m ² .

Insecticidal compositions for use in the impregnation of materials typically contain from 0.001 to 95 wt%, preferably from 0.1 to 45 wt%, and more preferably from 1 to 25 wt% of at least one repellent and/or insecticide.

The compounds of the invention are especially suitable for efficiently combating animal pests e.g. arthropods, and nematodes including: insects from the sub-order of Auchenorrhyncha, e.g. Amrasca biguttula, Empoasca spp., Ne- photettix virescens, Sogatella furcifera, Mahanarva spp., Laodelphax striatellus, Nilaparvata lugens, Diaphorina citrr,

Lepidoptera, e.g. Helicoverpa spp., Heliothis virescens, Lobesia botrana, Ostrinia nubilalis, Plu-tella xylostella, Pseudoplusia includens, Scirpophaga incertulas, Spodoptera spp., Trichoplusia ni, Tuta absoluta, Cnaphalocrocis medialis, Cydia pomonella, Chilo suppressalis, Anticarsia gemmatalis, Agrotis ipsilon, Chrysodeixis includens',

True bugs, e.g. Lygus spp., Stink bugs such as Euschistus spp., Halyomorpha halys, Nezara viridula, Piezodorus guildinii, Dichelops furcatus',

Thrips, e.g. Frankliniella spp., Thrips spp., Dichromothrips corbettii;

Aphids, e.g. Acyrthosiphon pisum, Aphis spp., Myzus persicae, Rhopalosiphum spp., Schizaphis graminum, Megoura viciae.,

Whiteflies, e.g. Trialeurodes vaporariorum, Bemisia spp.;

Coleoptera, e.g. Phyllotreta spp., Melanotus spp., Meligethes aeneus, Leptinotarsa decimline- ata, Ceutorhynchus spp., Diabrotica spp., Anthonomus grandis, Atomaria linearia, Agriotes spp., Epilachna spp.;

Flies, e.g. Delia spp., Ceratitis capitate, Bactrocera spp., Liriomyza spp.;

Mosquitoes (Diptera), e.g. Aedes aegypti, A. albopictus, A. vexans, Anastrepha ludens, Anopheles maculipennis, A. crucians, A. albimanus, A. gambiae, A. freeborni, A. leucosphyrus, A. minimus, A. quadrimaculatus;

Coccoidea, e.g. Aonidiella aurantia, Ferrisia virgate,

Anthropods of class Arachnida (Mites), e.g. Penthaleus major, Tetranychus spp.;

Nematodes, e.g. Heterodera glycines, Meloidogyne sp., Pratylenchus spp., Caenorhabditis elegans.

The compounds I are suitable for use in treating or protecting animals against infestation or infection by parasites. Therefore, the invention also relates to the use of a compound of the invention for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or protection of animals against infestation or infection by parasites. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method of treating or protecting animals against infestation and infection by parasites, which comprises orally, topically or parenterally administering or applying to the animals a parasiticidally effective amount of a compound I.

The invention also relates to the non-therapeutic use of compounds of the invention for treating or protecting animals against infestation and infection by parasites. Moreover, the invention relates to a non-therapeutic method of treating or protecting animals against infestation and infection by parasites, which comprises applying to a locus a parasiticidally effective amount of a compound I.

The compounds of the invention are further suitable for use in combating or controlling parasites in and on animals. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method of combating or controlling parasites in and on animals, which comprises contacting the parasites with a parasitically effective amount of a compound I.

The invention also relates to the non-therapeutic use of compounds I for controlling or combating parasites. Moreover, the invention relates to a non-therapeutic method of combating or con-trolling parasites, which comprises applying to a locus a parasiticidally effective amount of a compound I.

The compounds I can be effective through both contact (via soil, glass, wall, bed net, carpet, blankets, or animal parts) and ingestion (e.g. baits). Furthermore, the compounds I can be applied to any and all developmental stages.

The compounds I can be applied as such or in form of compositions comprising them.

The term "locus" means the habitat, food supply, breeding ground, area, material or environment in which a parasite is growing or may grow outside of the animal.

As used herein, the term “parasites” includes endo- and ectoparasites. In some embodiments of the invention, endoparasites can be preferred. In other embodiments, ectoparasites can be preferred. Infestations in warm-blooded animals and fish include lice, biting lice, ticks, nasal bots, keds, biting flies, muscoid flies, flies, myiasitic fly larvae, chiggers, gnats, mosquitoes and fleas.

The compounds of the invention are especially useful for combating the following parasites: Cimex lectularius, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, and Ctenocephalides felis.

As used herein, the term “animal” includes warm-blooded animals (including humans) and fish. Preferred are mammals, such as cattle, sheep, swine, camels, deer, horses, pigs, poultry, rabbits, goats, dogs and cats, water buffalo, donkeys, fallow deer and reindeer, and also in furbearing animals such as mink, chinchilla and raccoon, birds such as hens, geese, turkeys and ducks and fish such as fresh- and salt-water fish such as trout, carp and eels. Particularly preferred are domestic animals, such as dogs or cats.

The compounds I may be applied in total amounts of 0.5 mg/kg to 100 mg/kg per day, preferably 1 mg/kg to 50 mg/kg per day.

For oral administration to warm-blooded animals, the compounds I may be formulated as animal feeds, animal feed premixes, animal feed concentrates, pills, solutions, pastes, suspensions, drenches, gels, tablets, boluses and capsules. For oral administration, the dosage form chosen should provide the animal with 0.01 mg/kg to 100 mg/kg of animal body weight per day of the compounds I, preferably with 0.5 mg/kg to 100 mg/kg of animal body weight per day.

Alternatively, the compounds I may be administered to animals parenterally, e.g., by intraruminal, intramuscular, intravenous or subcutaneous injection. The compounds I may be dispersed or dissolved in a physiologically acceptable carrier for subcutaneous injection. Alternatively, the compounds I may be formulated into an implant for subcutaneous administration. In addition, the compounds I may be transdermally administered to animals. For parenteral administration, the dosage form chosen should provide the animal with 0.01 mg/kg to 100 mg/kg of animal body weight per day of the compounds I.

The compounds I may also be applied topically to the animals in the form of dips, dusts, powders, collars, medallions, sprays, shampoos, spot-on and pour-on formulations and in ointments or oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsions. For topical application, dips and sprays usually contain 0.5 ppm to 5,000 ppm and preferably 1 ppm to 3,000 ppm of the compounds I.

In addition, the compounds I may be formulated as ear tags for animals, particularly quadrupeds e.g. cattle and sheep.

Oral solutions are administered directly.

Solutions for use on the skin are trickled on, spread on, rubbed in, sprinkled on or sprayed on. Gels are applied to or spread on the skin or introduced into body cavities.

Pour-on formulations are poured or sprayed onto limited areas of the skin, the active compound penetrating the skin and acting systemically. Pour-on formulations are prepared by dissolving, suspending, or emulsifying the active compound in suitable skin-compatible solvents or solvent mixtures.

Emulsions can be administered orally, dermally or as injections.

Suspensions can be administered orally or topically/dermally.

Semi-solid preparations can be administered orally or topically/dermally.

For the production of solid preparations, the active compound is mixed with suitable excipients, if appropriate with addition of auxiliaries, and brought into the desired form.

The compositions which can be used in the invention can comprise generally from about 0.001 to 95% of the compound I.

Ready-to-use preparations contain the compounds acting against parasites, preferably ectoparasites, in concentrations of 10 ppm to 80% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 65% by weight, more preferably from 1 to 50% by weight, most preferably from 5 to 40% by weight.

Preparations which are diluted before use contain the compounds acting against ectoparasites in concentrations of 0.5 to 90% by weight, preferably of 1 to 50% by weight.

Furthermore, the preparations comprise the compounds of formula I against endoparasites in concentrations of 10 ppm to 2% by weight, preferably of 0.05 to 0.9% by weight, very particularly preferably of 0.005 to 0.25% by weight.

Solid formulations which release compounds of the invention may be applied in total amounts of 10 mg/kg to 300 mg/kg, preferably 20 mg/kg to 200 mg/kg, most preferably 25 mg/kg to 160 mg/kg body weight of the treated animal in the course of three weeks.

A. Preparation examples

With appropriate modification of the starting materials, the procedures given in the synthesis description were used to obtain further compounds I. The compounds obtained in this manner are listed in the table that follows, together with physical data.

The products shown below were characterized by melting point determination, by NMR spectroscopy or by the masses ([m/z]) or retention time (RT; [min.]) determined by HPLC-MS or HPLC spectrometry.

HPLC-MS = high performance liquid chromatography-coupled mass spectrometry; HPLC method A: Shimadzu LC2010, Column: Waters XBridge C18 ,150mm x 4.6mm ID x 5p; Mobile Phase: A: water + 0,1% TFA; B: acetonitrile + 0,1% TFA; Temperature: 40°C; Gradient: 10% B to 100% B in 5min; 100% B 2min; 10% B 3min; Flow: 1,4ml/min; Run Time: 10 min; PDA detector.

Example 1: Synthesis of N-(3-(aminomethyl)-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorop henyl)-5- (trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-amine

Step 1: To a solution of i-PrMgCI (98mL, 196.4mmol) in THF (450 mL) was added n-BuLi (79.5mL, 178.6mmol) dropwise at 0°C and stirred additionally for 30min at 0°C. A solution of 5- bromo-1,3-dichloro-2-fluorobenzene (40g, 180mmol) in THF (150mL) was added dropwise to the mixture at 0°C and stirred for 30min at 0°C under N2. The mixture of 2,2,2-trifluoro-N- methoxy-N-methylacetamide (42g, 270mmol) in THF (100mL) was added dropwise to the mixture at 0°C. Then it was stirred for 3hrs at 0°C under N2. TLC (PE/EtOAc= 5/1) indicated full conversion. The resulting mixture was poured in NH4CI aq. (500mL) and extracted with MTBE (200mLx2). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (200mL), dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to dryness. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 1:0 to 5:1) to afford 1-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethan-1- one (20g, yield: 45.9%) as yellow oil.

Step 2: To a solution of 1-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethan-1-one (49.4g, 189.3mmol) in THF (500mL) was added diethyl(cyanomethyl)phosphonate (33.6g, 189.8mmol), Triethylamine (70mL) and LiBr (16.5g, 189.7mmol) at 25°C under N2. Then the reaction mixture was heated to 70°C and stirred for 3hrs. TLC (PE/EtOAc= 5/1) indicated full conversion. The resulting reaction mixture was filtrated, the filtrate poured into water (200mL) and extracted with EtOAc (500mLx2). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (100mL), dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to dryness. The crude product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 1 :0 to 3:1) to afford (Z)-3-(3,5-dichloro-4- fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-2-enenitrile (50 g, yield: 96.7%) as yellow oil.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CDCI3): 6 = 7.50 (d, J = 5.9Hz, 2H), 6.28-6.26 (m, 1 H).

Step 3: Note: Two batches were set-up simultaneously. To a solution of NaOMe (15.6g, 302mmol) in MeOH (306mL) was added 1-hydroxyurea (10.4g, 137.4mmol) at 25°C. The solution of 3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-2-enenitr ile (25g, 91.6mmol) in MeOH (100mL) was added dropwise to the reaction mixture at 0°C and stirred for 3hrs at 50°C. LCMS indicated full conversion. The resulting reaction mixture was poured into water (300mL) and extracted with EtOAc (100mLx2). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (100mL), dried over Na ₂ SO4 and concentrated to give 5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5- (trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-amine (33g, yield: crude) as white solid and used in the next step without prior purification. ¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CD ₃ OD) 6 = 7.65 (d, J = 6.3Hz, 2H), 3.78 - 3.71 (m, 1 H), 3.50-3.44 (m, 1 H).

Step 4: To a solution of 5-bromo-2-fluorobenzaldehyde (50g, 246mmol) in toluene (500mL) was added ethane-1 ,2-diol (45.8g, 739mmol) and TsOH (4.23g, 24.6mmol) at 25°C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 16hrs at 130°C under N2. TLC (PE: EtOAc =10: 1) indicated full conversion. The reaction was quenched with NaHCOs (800mL) and extracted with EtOAc (400mLx2). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (400mL), dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to dryness. The crude product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE/ EtOAc= 1 :0 to 10:1) to afford 2-(5-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-1 ,3- dioxolane (35g, yield: 57.6%) as white oil.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CDCI3) 6 = 7.67 (dd, J = 2.6, 6.2Hz, 1 H), 7.47-7.41 (m, 1 H), 7.00-6.92 (m, 1 H), 6.06-6.03 (m, 1 H), 4.16-4.09 (m, 2H), 4.08-3.99 (m, 2H).

Step 5: The solution of 5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihy droisoxazol- 3-amine (5g, 15.77mmol) and 2-(5-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-1 ,3-dioxolane (4.3g, 17.35mmol) in dioxane (100mL) was added Pd(dba)2 (907mg, 1.577mmol), XantPhos (1.83g, 3.15mmol), K3PO4 (6.695g, 31.5mmol) and stirred at 120°C for 16hrs under N ₂ . TLC (PE: EtOAc= 3:1) indicated full conversion of the starting material. The resulting mixture was poured into water (200mL), extracted with EtOAc (100 mLx2). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (100mL), dried over Na ₂ SO4 and concentrated to afford the crude product and was further purified by column chromatography (PE: EtOAc= 1 :0 to 0:1) to yield N-(3-(1 ,3-dioxolan-2-yl)-4- fluorophenyl)-5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluorome thyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-amine (3.5g, yield: 46%) as a yellow solid.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CD3OD) 5 = 7.72-7.68 (m, 2H), 7.65 (d, J = 6.3Hz, 1 H), 7.61-7.57 (m, 1 H), 7.44-7.38 (m, 1 H), 7.03 (dd, J = 9.1 , 9.8Hz, 1 H), 6.02-5.98 (m, 1 H), 4.17-4.06 (m, 2H), 4.06- 3.98 (m, 2H), 3.97-3.90 (m, 1 H), 3.68 (d, J = 16.8Hz, 1 H)

Step 6: To a solution of N-(3-(1 ,3-dioxolan-2-yl)-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluoroph e- nyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-amine (3.5g, 7.25mmol) in THF (35mL) was added HCI aq. (35 mL, 4N) at 25°C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 2hrs at 40°C. TLC (PE: EtOAc =3: 1) indicated full conversion. The reaction mixture was quenched with NaHCOs aq. (240mL), extracted with EtOAc (30mLx3). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (30mL), dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to dryness. The crude product was purified by the column chromatography (PE/ EtOAc= 1 :0 to 1 :1) to afford 5-((5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5- (trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-yl)amino)-2-fluorobe nzaldehyde (3g, yield: 94.2%) as yellow oil.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ) 5= 10.22-10.19 (m, 1 H), 9.62-9.54 (m, 1 H), 7.96-7.90 (m, 1 H), 7.87-7.81 (m, 2H), 7.69-7.62 (m, 1 H), 7.41-7.33 (m, 1 H), 4.00-3.93 (m, 1 H), 3.90-3.82 (m, 1 H)

Step 7: To a solution of 5-((5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5- dihydro- isoxazol-3-yl)amino)-2-fluorobenzaldehyde (3g, 6.8mmol) in EtOH (120mL) was added the NH ₄ OAC (6.3g, 82.2mmol) and NH ₃ (60mL, 7N in MeOH) at 25°C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hr at 25 °C. Then NaBH ₄ (1g, 27.2mmol) was added to the reaction mixture at 0 °C and stirred 2hrs at 0-25°C. TLC (EtOAc:MeOH =1 : 1) indicated full conversion. The reaction mixture was quenched with NH ₄ CI aq. (100mL) and extracted with EtOAc (100mLx3). The combined organic layers were concentrated to dryness and purified by column chromatography (PE/ EtOAc= 1 :0 to 0:1) to afford N-(3-(aminomethyl)-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluoro- phenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-amine (1.6g, yield: 53.3%) as a white solid.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CD ₃ OD) 5 = 7.75-7.66 (m, 2H), 7.50-7.41 (m, 1 H), 7.30-7.21 (m, 1 H), 7.06- 6.96 (m, 1 H), 3.98-3.92 (m, 1 H), 3.86-3.81 (m, 2H), 3.73-3.65 (m, 1 H), 2.05-2.02 (m, 1 H)

Example 2: Synthesis of N-(3-(aminomethyl)-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorop henyl)-N- ethyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-amine

Step 1 : To a solution of N-(3-(1 ,3-dioxolan-2-yl)-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluoroph e- nyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-amine (3.7g, 7.7mmol) in THF (120mL) was added NaH (368mg, 9.2mmol) at 0°C. The reaction was stirred for 0.5hrs at 0°C under N2. Then EtOTf (1 ,64g, 9.2mmol) was added dropwise to the mixture at 0°C and stirred for 4hrs at 0- 25°C. TLC (PE: EtOAc =3: 1) indicated full conversion. The resulting solution was quenched with NH ₄ CI aq. (100mL) and extracted with EtOAc (50mLx2). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (100mL), dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to dryness. The crude product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 1 :0 to 1 :1) to afford N-(3-(1 ,3-dioxolan-2-yl)-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluoroph enyl)-N-ethyl-5-(tri- fluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-amine (4g, yield: crude) as yellow oil.

Step 2: To a solution of N-(3-(1 ,3-dioxolan-2-yl)-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluoroph e- nyl)-N-ethyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-amine (4g, 7.8mmol) in THF (40mL) was added HCI aq. (40mL, 4N) at 25°C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 3hrs at 40°C. TLC (PE: EtOAc =3: 1) indicated full conversion of the starting material. The reaction was quenched with NaHCOs aq. (200mL) and extracted with EtOAc (50mLx2). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (100mL), dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to dryness. The crude product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 1 :0 to 3:1) to afford 5-((5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5- dihydroisoxazol-3-yl)(ethyl)ami- no)-2-fluorobenzaldehyde (3 g, yield: 82.1 %) as yellow oil.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CDCI3) 6 = 10.38-10.36 (m, 1 H), 7.64 (dd, J = 2.9, 5.9Hz, 1 H), 7.48-7.45 (m, 2H), 7.43-7.37 (m, 1 H), 7.27 (s, 1 H), 3.64 (br s, 2H), 3.54-3.47 (m, 1 H), 3.14-3.05 (m, 1 H), 1.17 (t, J = 7.1 Hz, 3H)

Step 3: To a solution of 5-((5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5- dihydrois- oxazol-3-yl)(ethyl)amino)-2-fluorobenzaldehyde (1.7g, 3.65mmol) in EtOH (60mL) was added NH ₄ OAC (3.4g, 43.8mmol) and NH ₃ (50mL, 7N in MeOH) at 0°C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hr at 25°C. Then NaBHsCN (920mg, 14.6mmol) was added at 0°C and stirred for 16hrs at 50°C. TLC (PE: EtOAc =1 : 1) indicated full conversion of the starting material. The resulting solution was quenched with NH4CI aq. (100mL) and extracted with EtOAc (50mLx2). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (100mL), dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to dryness. The crude product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 1 :0 to 0:1) to afford N-(3-(aminomethyl)-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(3,5-dichloro-4- fluorophenyl)-N-ethyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazo l-3-amine (1.5g, yield: 87.6%) as yellow oil.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CD3OD) 5 = 7.66-7.61 (m, 2H), 7.33-7.26 (m, 1H), 7.11 (s, 2H), 3.85 (s, 2H), 3.69-3.64 (m, 2H), 3.64-3.61 (m, 1H), 3.46-3.40 (m, 1H), 1.17-1.12 (m, 3H)

Example 3: Synthesis of N-(3-(aminomethyl)-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorop henyl)-N- (ethoxymethyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-ami ne

Step 1: To a solution of 5-((5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5- dihydrois- oxazol-3-yl)amino)-2-fluorobenzaldehyde (3.8g, 8.15mmol) in THF (120mL) was added NaH (392mg, 9.79mmol) at 0°C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hr at 0°C under N2. Then (chloromethoxy)ethane (925mg, 9.79mmol) was added dropwise to the mixture at 0°C and stirred for 4hrs at 0-25°C. TLC (PE: EtOAc =3: 1) indicated full conversion. The resulting solution was quenched with NH ₄ CI aq. (100mL) and extracted with EtOAc (50mLx2). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (100mL), dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to dryness. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 1 :0 to 1 :1) to afford 5-((5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5- dihydrois- oxazol-3-yl)(ethoxymethyl)amino)-2-fluorobenzaldehyde (2.79g, yield: 68.22%) as yellow oil.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CD3OD) 5 = 7.66 (d, J = 6.3Hz, 2H), 7.52 (dd, J = 2.6, 6.1Hz, 1H), 7.35- 7.26 (m, 1 H), 7.13 (t, J = 9.3Hz, 1 H), 5.75 (s, 1 H), 4.92 (s, 2H), 4.02 - 3.87 (m, 1 H), 3.87-3.71 (m, 1 H), 3.61-3.56 (m, 2H), 1.18 (t, J = 6.6Hz, 3H).

Step 2: To a solution of 5-((5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5- dihydro- isoxazol-3-yl)(ethoxymethyl)amino)-2-fluorobenzaldehyde (2.76g, 5.56mmol) in EtOH (90mL) was added NH4OAC (6g, 77.9mmol) and NH3 (60mL, 7N in MeOH) at 0°C and stirred for 2hrs. Then NaBHsCN (1.4g, 22.24mmol) was added to the reaction at 0°C and stirred for 16hrs at 50°C. TLC (PE: EtOAc =0: 1) indicated full conversion. The resulting solution was quenched with NH4CI aq. (100mL) and extracted with EtOAc (50mLx2). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (100mL), dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to dryness. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 1:0 to 0:1) to afford N-(3-(aminomethyl)-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorop henyl)-N-(ethoxymethyl)-5- (trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-amine (2.5g, yield: 90.29%) as yellow oil.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CD ₃ OD) 5 = 7.67 (d, J = 6.1Hz, 2H), 7.38 (dd, J = 2.7, 6.6Hz, 1H), 7.29- 7.24 (m, 1 H), 7.18-7.10 (m, 1H), 4.94-4.91 (m, 2H), 3.93-3.88 (m, 1H), 3.83 (br s, 1 H), 3.69-3.64 (m, 1 H), 3.61-3.55 (m, 2H), 1.18 (t, J = 7.1 Hz, 3H). Example 4: Synthesis of ethyl (4-(aminomethyl)-3-fluorophenyl)(5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophe nyl)- 5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-yl)carbamate

Step 1 : To a solution of 5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihy droisoxazol- 3-amine (10 g, 31.5mmol) in dioxane (150 mL) was added 2-bromo-1-fluoro-4-iodobenzene (11.3g, 37.8mmol), Pd2(dba)s (1.4g, 1.57mmol), XantPhos (1.8g, 3.15mmol), CS2CO3 (20g, 63mmol) at 20°C under N2 and stirred at 80°C under N2 for 16hrs. TLC (PE: EtOAc= 3:1) indicated full conversion. The resulting reaction mixture was quenched with H2O (200mL), extracted with EtOAc (80mLx3). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (100mL), dried over Na2SC and concentrated to dryness. The crude product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc = 100:0-17:83) to afford N-(3-bromo-4- fluorophenyl)-5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluorome thyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-amine (8.2g, yield: 52.9%) as a yellow solid.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CDCI3) 6= (dd, J=5.75, 2.75Hz, 1 H) 7.56 (d, J=6.00Hz, 2 H) 7.20-7.26 (m, 1 H) 7.01 - 7.16 (m, 1 H) 5.85 (s, 1 H) 3.90 (d, J=16.01 Hz, 1 H) 3.50 (d, J=16.01 Hz, 1 H).

Step 2: To a solution of N-(3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5 -(trifluoro- methyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-amine (4g, 8.16mmol) in THF (40mL) was added NaH (490mg, 12.2mmol) at 0°C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 0.5hrs at 0°C under N ₂ . Then ethyl carbonochloridate (2.67g, 24.5mmol) in THF (4mL) was added dropwise to the reaction at 0°C and additionally stirred for 2 hrs at 0°C. TLC (PE: EtOAc =3: 1) indicated full conversion. The resulting solution was quenched with aq. NH4CI (100mL) and extracted with EtOAc (50 mLx2). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (100mL), dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to dryness. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 1 :0 to 1 :1) to afford ethyl (3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)(5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5- (trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-yl)carbamate (4g, yield: 86.9%) as yellow oil.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CDCI3) 6= 7.51 (d, J=6.00 Hz, 2H), 7.43 (dd, J=5.94, 2.31 Hz, 1 H), 7.13- 7.23 (m, 2H), 4.40 (d, J=18.26Hz, 1 H), 4.21 (q, J=7.05Hz, 2H), 4.03 (d, J=18.39Hz, 1 H), 1.25- 1.29 (m, 3H).

Step 3: To a solution of ethyl (3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)(5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-( tri- fluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-yl)carbamate (4 g, 7.1 mmol) in toluene (40mL) was added (((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)methyl)trifluoroborate (2.1g, 10.65mmol), tBusP-Pd-G2 (386 mg, 0.71 mmol), K2CO3 (2M, 7.1ml, 14.2mmol) at 25°C. The reaction was stirred at 80°C for 12h. HPLC indicated 51 % conversion toward the desired product. The reaction mixture was quenched with H ₂ O(40ml), the filtrate was extracted with EtOAc (40mLx3), the combined organic layers were washed with brine (40mL), dried over Na ₂ SO4, concentrated to dryness and the crude product was further purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc = 100:0-95:5) to afford ethyl (3-(((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)methyl)-4-fluorophenyl)(5-(3 ,5-di- chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxaz ol-3-yl)carbamate (4g, yield 91.9 %) as a white solid.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CDCI ₃ ) 6 = 7.51 (d, J=6.00Hz, 2H), 7.21 (br d, J=5.38Hz, 1 H), 7.05-7.14 (m, 2H), 4.31-4.47 (m, 3H), 4.18 (q, J=7.00Hz, 2H), 4.04 (d, J=18.39Hz, 1 H), 1.44 (s, 9H), 1.19 (t, J=7.13Hz, 3H).

Step 4: A solution of ethyl (3-(((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)methyl)-4-fluorophenyl)(5-(3 ,5-di- chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxaz ol-3-yl)carbamate (4g, 6.5mmol) in HCI/EtOAc (50mL) was stirred at 25°C for 2hrs. TLC (PE: EtOAc= 1 :1) indicated full conversion. The resulting reaction mixture was poured into NaHCOs (100mL) and extracted with EtOAc (50mLx2). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (100mL), dried over Na2SC and concentrated to dryness to afford the crude product, which was further purified by column chromatography (PE: EtOAc= 1 :0 to 0:1) to afford ethyl (3-(aminomethyl)-4-fluoro- phenyl)(5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)- 4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-yl)carbamate (2.015g, yield: 60.3%) as a white solid.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CDCI3) 6= 7.51 (d, J=6.02Hz, 2H), 7.25 (dd, J=6.53, 1.76Hz, 1 H), 7.05- 7.12 (m, 2H), 4.41 (d, J=18.32Hz, 1 H), 4.19 (q, J=7.07Hz, 2H), 4.04 (d, J=18.32Hz, 1 H), 3.94 (s, 2H), 1.20 (t, J=7.09Hz, 3H).

Example 5: Synthesis of N-(3-(1 ,3-dioxolan-2-yl)-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluoroph enyl)- 5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-amine

Step 1 : To a solution of 5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihy droisoxazol- 3-amine (10g, 31.53mmol) in dioxane (150mL) was added 2-(5-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-1 ,3-di- oxolane (12g, 37.9mmol), Pd2(dba)s (2g, 3.15mmol), Xantphos (2.74g, 4.7mmol), K3PO4 (13.4g, 63mmol) at 20°C under N2 and was stirred at 80°C under N2 for 16hrs. TLC (PE: EtOAc= 3:1) indicated full conversion. The resulting reaction mixture was quenched with H2O (200mL), extracted with EtOAc (80mLx3). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (100mL), dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to dryness. The crude product was further purified by MPLC to afford N-(3-(1 ,3-dioxolan-2-yl)-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluoro- phenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-amine (1.82 g, yield: 11.96%) as a yellow solid.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CDCI3) 6 = 7.55 (d, J=6.00 Hz, 2H), 7.39-7.47 (m, 2H), 7.02 (t, J=9.19Hz, 1 H), 6.05 (s, 1 H), 6.02 (s, 1 H), 4.11-4.20 (m, 2H), 4.00-4.10 (m, 2H), 3.86 (d, J=16.01 Hz, 1 H), 3.45 (d, J=16.13Hz, 1 H).

Example 6: Synthesis of 5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-N-(4-fluoro-3-((methylami- no)methyl)phenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3- amine

Step 1 : To a solution of 5-((5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5- dihydro- isoxazol-3-yl)amino)-2-fluorobenzaldehyde (3.1g, 7.08mmol) in MeOH (120mL) was added MeNH2 (7.3g, -30% in EtOH, 70.8mmol) at 25°C and stirred for 16hrs at 65°C. Then NaBH4 (1.1g, 28.3mmol) was added to the reaction mixture at 0°C. The reaction was stirred for 4 hrs. TLC (EtOAc:MeOH =1 :1) indicated full conversion. The resulting reaction mixture was quenched with NH4CI aq. (100mL) and extracted with DCM (100mLx3). The combined organic layers were concentrated and purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE:EtOAc= 1 :0 to 0:1) to afford 5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-N-(4-fluoro-3-((methylamino) methyl)phenyl)-5- (trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-amine (2.4g, yield: 74.9%) as a white solid.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CD3OD) 5 = 7.78-7.73 (m, 1 H), 7.71 (d, J = 6.3Hz, 2H), 7.44 (s, 1 H), 7.19 (t, J=9.2Hz, 1 H), 4.27-4.22 (m, 2H), 4.02-3.95 (m, 1 H), 3.78-3.70 (m, 1 H), 2.76-2.73 (m, 3H).

Example 7: Synthesis of N-(3-(aminomethyl)-4-methylphenyl)-5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorop henyl)-5- (trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-amine

Step 1 : To a solution of 2-bromo-5-iodobenzonitrile (10g, 32.48mmol) in THF (100mL) was added BHs^THF (77.94mL, 77.94mmol) dropwise at 0°C under N2 and upon full addition additionally stirred at 70 °C for 16hrs. TLC (PE : EA=5 : 1) indicated full conversion. The mixture was poured into HCI aq. (1 M, 50mL) at 0°C and stirred at 20°C for 20min. The pH of the mixture was adjusted to 10 with NaOH to afford the (2-bromo-5-iodophenyl)methanamine (10g, yield: crude) in the solution. It was used directly without further purification.

Step 2: To a solution of (2-bromo-5-iodophenyl)methanamine (10g, 32.06mmol) in MeCN (100mL) was added BOC2O (20.99g, 96.17mmol) at 0°C under N2 and upon warming to 20°C stirred for additional 16hrs. TLC (PE : EA=5 : 1) indicated full conversion. The reaction mixture was poured into H2O (200mL) and extracted with EtOAc (90mlx3). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (180mlx3), dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated to afford the crude product, which was further purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE:EtOAc = 1 :0~5: 1 ) to afford tert-butyl (2-bromo-5-iodobenzyl)carbamate (10g, yield: 75.7%) as a white solid.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CD3OD) 5= 1.47 (s, 9H), 4.23 (s, 2H), 7.31 (d, J=8.38Hz, 1 H), 7.49 (dd, J=8.25, 1.50Hz, 1 H), 7.63 (s, 1 H).

Step 3: To a mixture of tert-butyl (2-bromo-5-iodobenzyl)carbamate (10 g, 24.27 mmol) in dioxane (100 mL) was added 5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihy dro- isoxazol-3-amine (5.92g, 18.67mmol), K ₃ PC>4 (11.89g, 56mmol), Pd ₂ (dba) ₃ (1.71g, 1.87mmol) and XantPhos (2.16g, 3.74mmol) at 25°C under N ₂ and was stirred at 120°C for 16hrs. LCMS indicated full conversion. The mixture was poured into H ₂ O (200mL) and extracted with EtOAc (100mlx3). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (150mlx3), dried over Na ₂ SO4, filtered and concentrated to afford the crude product. The crude product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE:EtOAc = 1 :0~3: 1) to yield tert-butyl (2-bromo-5-((5-(3,5-di- chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxaz ol-3-yl)amino)benzyl)carbamate (5.27g, yield: 36.1 %) as brown oil. ¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CDCI ₃ ) 6=1.46 (s, 9H), 3.41 (br d, J=16.38Hz, 1 H), 3.82 (br d, J=16.38Hz, 1 H), 4.25 (d, J=6.24Hz, 2H), 5.25 (br s, 1 H), 7.00 (br s, 1 H), 7.14-7.23 (m, 2H), 7.32 (br d, J=7.95Hz, 1 H), 7.53 (d, J=5.99Hz, 2H).

Step 4: To a mixture of tert-butyl (2-bromo-5-((5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoro- methyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-yl)amino)benzyl)carbamate (5.26g, 8.75mmol) in dioxane (55mL) and H2O (11 mL) was added methylboronic acid (1.57g, 26.25mmol), Na2COs (2.78g, 26.25mmol), PdCh(dppf) (0.64g, 0.88mmol) at 25°C under N2 and was stirred at 110°C for 16hrs. LCMS indicated full conversion. The mixture was poured into H2O (200mL), extracted with EtOAc (100mlx3). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (150mlx3), dried over Na2SC>4, filtered and concentrated to afford the crude product. The product was further purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc = 1 :0~3:1) to yield tert-butyl (5-((5- (3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydr oisoxazol-3-yl)amino)-2- methylbenzyl)carbamate (5.1g, yield: crude) as a brown solid.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CDCI3) 6 = 1.47 (s, 10H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 3.44 (br d, J=16.13Hz, 1 H), 3.85 (br d, J=16.13Hz, 1 H), 4.17-4.30 (m, 2H), 4.83 (br s, 1 H), 6.45 (br s, 1 H), 7.04 (d, J=8.13Hz, 1 H), 7.12-7.21 (m, 2H), 7.54 (d, J=6.00Hz, 2H).

Step 5: To a solution of tert-butyl (5-((5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5 - dihydroisoxazol-3-yl)amino)-2-methylbenzyl)carbamate (2.0g, 3.73mmol) in EtOAc/HCI (25mL) was added at 25°C under N2 and was stirred at 25°C for 16hrs. TLC (PE : EA=5 : 1) indicated full conversion. The mixture was filtered, washed with MTBE (25mL) and concentrated to afford N-(3-(aminomethyl)-4-methylphenyl)-5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorop henyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5- dihydroisoxazol-3-amine hydrochloride (2.0g, purity: 99%, 1.9g delivered as hydrochloride) as a white solid.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CD3OD) 6= 2.35 (s, 3H), 3.74 (d, J=16.81 Hz, 1 H), 3.99 (d, J=16.81 Hz, 1 H), 4.12 (s, 2H), 7.17-7.26 (m, 2H), 7.56 (d, J=2.13Hz, 1 H), 7.71 (d, J=6.15Hz, 2H).

Example 8: Synthesis of N-(3-(aminomethyl)-4-chlorophenyl)-5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorop henyl)-5- (trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-amine

Step 1 : To a solution of 5-bromo-2-chlorobenzonitrile (15.0g, 69.30mmol) in THF (150mL) was added dropwise BHs^THF (166.32mL, 166.32mmol) at 0°C under N2. Then the mixture was stirred at 70°C for 16hrs. LCMS indicated full conversion of the starting material. The mixture was poured into HCI (1 M, 50mL) and stirred at 20°C for 20min. The pH of the mixture was adjusted to 10 with NaOH to afford (5-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)methanamine (15g) as a white liquid which was used directly without further purification.

Step 2: To a mixture of (5-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)methanamine (15g, 68.03mmol) in MeCN (150mL) was added BOC2O (44.55g, 204.9mmol) at 0°C under N2 and additionally stirred 16hrs at 20°C. LCMS indicated full conversion of the starting material. The mixture was poured into H2O (300mL) and extracted with EtOAc (100mLx3). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (200mL), dried over Na ₂ SC>4, filtered and concentrated to afford the crude product, which was further purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE:EtOAc = 1 :0~5: 1) to yield tert-butyl (5-bromo-2-chlorobenzyl)carbamate (10g, yield: 45.8%) as a white solid.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CDCI ₃ ) 5=1.47 (s, 9H), 4.37 (br d, J=5.75Hz, 2H), 5.01 (br s, 1 H), 5.30 (s, 1 H), 7.15-7.25 (m, 1 H), 7.34 (dd, J=8.50, 2.25Hz, 1 H), 7.51 (d, J=2.25Hz, 1 H).

Step 3: To a mixture of tert-butyl (5-bromo-2-chlorobenzyl)carbamate (5.6g, 17.47mmol) in dioxane (57mL) was added 5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihy dro- isoxazol-3-amine (3.73g, 11.65mmol), K3PO4 (7.47g, 34.94mmol), Pd ₂ (dba)s (1.07g, 1.17mmol) and Xantphos (1 ,36g, 2.33mmol) at 25°C under N ₂ and was stirred at 110°C for 16 hrs. LCMS indicated full conversion. The mixture was poured into H ₂ O (200mL), extracted with EtOAc (100mLx3). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (150mLx3), dried over Na ₂ SC , filtered and concentrated to afford the crude product. The product was further purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc = 1 :0~2: 1 ) to yield tert-butyl (2-chloro-5-((5- (3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydr oisoxazol-3- yl)amino)benzyl)carbamate (4.3g, yield: 44.4%) as brown oil.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CDCI3) 5=1.38 (s, 8H), 3.37 (br d, J=16.26Hz, 1 H), 3.78 (br d, J=16.13Hz, 1 H), 4.24 (d, J=6.38Hz, 2H), 5.06 (br s, 1 H), 7.15 (br d, J=8.50Hz, 2H), 7.22-7.28 (m, 1 H), 7.47 (d, J=6.00Hz, 2H).

Step 4: To a solution of tert-butyl (2-chloro-5-((5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoro- methyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-yl)amino)benzyl)carbamate (3.6g, 6.47 mmol) in EtOAc/HCI (36mL) was added at 25°C under N ₂ . Then the mixture was stirred at 25°C for 3hrs. TLC (PE : EA=2 : 1) indicated full conversion. The mixture was concentrated to afford N-(3- (aminomethyl)-4-chlorophenyl)-5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl )-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydro- isoxazol-3-amine (2.5g, yield: 47%) as a white solid.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ) 5= 3.85-3.91 (m, 1 H), 4.01 (s, 1 H), 4.05 (br s, 2H), 7.45 (s, 2H), 7.65 (s, 1 H), 7.82 (d, J=6.27Hz, 2H), 8.47 (br s, 3H), 9.91 (s, 1 H).

Example 9: Synthesis of N-(3-(aminomethyl)-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)-5-(3,5-dichlo ro-4- fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-amin e

Step 1 : To a solution of 5-bromo-2-(trifluoromethoxy)benzonitrile (10g, 37.59mmol) in THF (100mL) was added BH ₃ *THF (90.22mL, 90.22mmol) dropwise at 0°C under N ₂ and was additionally stirred at 70°C for 16h. LCMS indicated full conversion. The mixture was poured into HCI (1M, 50mL) and stirred at 20°C for 20min. The pH of the mixture was adjusted to 10 with NaOH. Then to afford (5-bromo-2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)methanamine (10g) as a white liquid which was directly used without further purification.

Step 2: To a solution of (5-bromo-2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)methanamine (8g, 29.62mmol) in MeCN (80mL) was added Boc ₂ O (19.40g, 88.87mmol) at 0°C under N ₂ and was stirred at 20°C for 16hrs. LCMS indicated full conversion o. The mixture was poured into H ₂ O (300mL) and extracted with EtOAc (100mLx3). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (200mL), dried over Na2SC , filtered and concentrated to afford the crude product, which was further purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE:EtOAc = 1 :0~5: 1) to yield tert-butyl (5-bro- mo-2-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl)carbamate (12g, yield: crude) as brown oil.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CDCI ₃ ) 6= 1.39-1.45 (m, 9H), 2.00 (s, 1 H), 4.33 (br d, J=6.15Hz, 2H), 7.07 (dd, J=8.72, 1.32Hz, 1 H), 7.38 (dd, J=8.72, 2.32Hz, 1 H), 7.52 (d, J=2.38 Hz, 1 H).

Step 3: To a mixture of tert-butyl (5-bromo-2-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl)carbamate (10.2g, 27.64mmol) in dioxane (102mL) was added 5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)- 4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-amine (5.84g, 18.43mmol), K3PO4 (11.72g, 55.28mmol), Pd2(dba)s (1.69g, 1.84mmol) and Xantphos (2.13g, 3.69mmol) at 25°C under N2 and was stirred at 110°C for 16hrs. LCMS indicated full conversion. The mixture was poured into H2O (200mL), extracted with EtOAc (100mLx3). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (150mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated to dryness to afford the crude product, which was further purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc = 1 :0-1 :1) to yield tert-butyl (5-((5- (3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydr oisoxazol-3-yl)amino)-2-(trifluoro- methoxy)benzyl)carbamate (8.5g, yield: crude) as brown oil.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CDCI3) 6= 1.47 (s, 9H), 3.48 (d, J=16.13Hz, 1 H), 3.83-3.95 (m, 1 H), 4.33 (d, J=6.38Hz, 2H), 7.16 (br d, J=8.88Hz, 1 H), 7.29-7.41 (m, 2H), 7.56 (d, J=6.00Hz, 2H).

Step 4: A solution of tert-butyl (5-((5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5 - dihydroisoxazol-3-yl)amino)-2-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl)carba mate (5.1g, 8.41 mmol) in EtOAc/HCI (51 mL) was stirred at 25°C for 3 hrs. LCMs indicated full conversion. The mixture was poured into H2O (200mL) and extracted with EtOAc (50mLx3). The combined organic phase was washed with brine (60mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated to dryness to afford the crude product. The crude product was further purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc = 1 :0-1 :1) to yield N-(3-(aminomethyl)-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)-5- (3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydr oisoxazol-3-amine (2.8g, yield: 65%) as a white solid.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CD3OD) 5= 3.67-3.74 (m, 1 H), 3.84 (s, 2H), 3.93-4.00 (m, 1 H), 7.21 (dd, J=8.94, 1.44Hz, 1 H), 7.35 (dd, J=8.88, 2.75Hz, 1 H), 7.56 (d, J=2.75Hz, 1 H), 7.71 (d, J=6.25Hz, 2H).

Example 10: Synthesis of N-(4-(aminomethyl)-3-chlorophenyl)-5-(3-chloro-4-fluoropheny l)-5- (trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-amine

To a solution of THF (150mL) was added i-PrMgCI (39.5mL, 78.95mmol) and n-BuLi (28.7mL, 71.77mmol) at 0°C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 0.5hrs at 0°C. Then 4-bromo-2-chloro- 1 -fluorobenzene (15g, 71.77mmol) was added and additionally stirred for 0.5hrs at 0°C. Then the solution of 2,2,2-trifluoro-N-methoxy-N-methylacetamide (16.9g, 107.66mmol) in THF (150mL) was added dropwise at 0°C and additionally stirred for 2hrs at 0-25°C. TLC (PE: EtOAc =5: 1) indicated full conversion. The resulting mixture was quenched with NH ₄ CI aq. (300mL) and extracted with EtOAc (100mLx3). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (100mL), dried over sodium sulfate, concentrated to dryness and purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE:EtOAc= 1 :0 to 1 :1) to afford 1-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-2,2,2- trifluoroethan-1-one (9.4g, yield: 58.3%) as yellow oil.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CD ₃ OD) 5= 7.68 (dd, J=2.1, 7.2Hz, 1 H), 7.59-7.52 (m, 1 H), 7.28 (t, J=8.9Hz, 1 H).

Step 2: To the mixture of 1-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethan-1-one (9.4g, 41.4mmol) in THF (50mL) was added diethyl (cyanomethyl)phosphonate (7.3g, 41.4mmol) and TEA (11 ,5mL, 82.8mmol) at 25°C. A mixture of Li Br (3.6g, 41 ,4mmol) in THF (50mL) was added to the reaction at 0°C and stirred for 4hrs at 70°C. TLC (PE:EtOAc =5:1) indicated full conversion. The resulting reaction mixture was poured into H2O (100mL) and extracted with EtOAc (100mLx3). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (100mL), dried over sodium sulfate, concentrated to dryness and purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE:EtOAc= 1 :0 to 3:1) to afford 3-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-2-enenitrile (9.1g, yield: 88.07%) as yellow oil.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CDCI3) 6= 7.60 (dd, J=2.1 , 6.6Hz, 1 H), 7.45 (ddd, J= 2.3, 4.3, 8.5Hz, 1 H), 7.33-7.28 (m, 1 H), 6.24-6.20 (m, 1 H).

Step 3: To a solution of MeONa (6.5g, 120.12mmol) in MeOH (100mL) was added 1-hydroxy- urea (4.15g, 54.6mmol). Then a solution of 3-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluorobut-2- enenitrile (9.1g, 36.4mmol) in MeOH (100mL) was added dropwise at 0°C. The solution was stirred for 3hrs at 50°C. TLC (PE:EtOAc=3:1) indicated full conversion. The resulting reaction mixture was poured into H2O (200mL) and extracted with EtOAc (100mLx3). The combined organic layers were concentrated and purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE:EtOAc=1 :0 to 3:1) to afford 5-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5- dihydroisoxazol-3-amine (6g, yield: 58.2%) as a white solid.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CD3OD) 5= 7.67 (dd, J=2.2, 6.9Hz, 1 H), 7.56-7.48 (m, 1 H), 7.32 (t, J=8.8Hz, 1 H), 3.78-3.70 (m, 1 H), 3.45 (d, J=16.9Hz, 1 H).

Step 4: To a solution of tert-butyl (5-bromo-2-chlorobenzyl)carbamate (8.5g, 26.5mmol) and 5- (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroiso xazol-3-amine (5g, 17.67mmol) in dioxane (100mL) was added Pd2(dba)s (1.62g, 1.77mmol), Xantphos (2.05g, 3.53mmol) and K3PO4 (11.24g, 53.01mmol) and was stirred at 110°C for 16hrs under N2. TLC (PE:EtOAc= 3:1) indicated full conversion. The reaction mixture was poured into H2O (200mL), extracted with EtOAc (100mLx2). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (100mL), dried over Na ₂ SO4 and concentrated to dryness to afford the crude product, which was further purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE:EtOAc= 1 :0 to 0:1) to afford tert-butyl (2-chloro-5-((5- (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroiso xazol-3-yl)amino)benzyl)carbamate (6g, yield: 65%) as a yellow solid. ¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CDCI ₃ ) 6= 7.65 (dd, J= 2.1 , 6.8Hz, 1 H), 7.49-7.42 (m, 1H), 7.36 (br d, J= 8.5Hz, 1H), 7.27-7.24 (m, 2H), 7.20 (t, J= 8.6Hz, 1H), 6.19-6.12 (m, 1 H), 5.12-5.01 (m, 1H), 4.37-4.29 (m, 2H), 3.91-3.82 (m, 1H), 3.54-3.45 (m, 1 H), 1.46 (s, 9H).

Step 5: A solution of tert-butyl (2-chloro-5-((5-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl )-4,5- dihydroisoxazol-3-yl)amino)benzyl)carbamate (5g, 9.6mmol) in HCI/EtOAc (50mL) was stirred at 25°C for 2 hrs. TLC (PE:EtOAc= 1 :1) indicated full conversion. The resulting mixture was poured into aqueous NaHCOs (100mL) and extracted with EtOAc (50mLx2). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (100mL), dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to dryness to afford the crude product, which was further purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE:EtOAc= 1:0 to 0:1) to yield N-(3-(aminomethyl)-4-chlorophenyl)-5-(3-chloro-4- fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-amin e (3.01g, yield: 74.3%) as a white solid.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CD3OD) 5= 7.73 (dd, J= 2.1, 6.9Hz, 1H), 7.60-7.55 (m, 1 H), 7.50 (d, J= 1.3Hz, 1H), 7.35 (t, J= 8.9Hz, 1H), 7.31-7.24 (m, 2H), 3.94 (d, J= 16.6Hz, 1H), 3.84 (s, 2H), 3.68 (d, J= 16.6 Hz, 1 H).

Example 11: Synthesis of N-(4-(aminomethyl)-3-chlorophenyl)-5-(4-fluoro-3-((trifluoro - methyl)thio)phenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol- 3-amine

To a solution of diisopropylamine (90.85g, 704.2mmol) in DCM/EtOAc (1333mL/ 667mL) was added dropwise diethylaminosulfur trifluoride (DAST) (124.7g, 774.7mmol) at -25°C~ -10 °C and was additionally stirred for 10min at -20~-10°C. Then trimethyl(trifluoromethyl)silane (100g, 704.2mmol) was added dropwise at -25°C~ -10°C. The reaction was stirred for 1 hr at -20~- 10°C. Then solid TSNH2 (120.4g, 704.23mmol) was added at -25°C~ -10°C and stirred for 1 hr at -20°C, allowed to warm to 25°C and additionally stirred for 16hrs. TLC (PE: EtOAc= 3:1) indicated full conversion. The reaction mixture was poured into H2O (1 L), extracted with EtOAc (500mLx2). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (500mL), dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to dryness to afford the crude product, which was further purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 1 :0 to 3:1) to afford N-((diethylamino)fluoro(trifluoro- methyl)-l4-sulfaneyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide (220g, yield: 91%) as brown oil.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CDCI3) 6= 7.76 (d, J= 8.4Hz, 2H), 7.25 (d, J= 8.0Hz, 2H), 3.36 (td, J= 7.2, 14.4Hz, 2H), 3.31-3.20 (m, 2H), 2.39 (s, 3H), 2.03 (s, 1H), 1.17 (t, J= 7.3 Hz, 6H).

Step 2: To a solution of N-((diethylamino)fluoro(trifluoromethyl)-l4-sulfaneyl)-4-met hylbenzene- sulfonamide (100g, 290.7mmol) in DCM (8L) was added H2SO4 (94g, 959.3mmol) at 0°C, allowed to warm to 25°C and additionally stirred for 2hrs. TLC (PE:EtOAc= 5:1) indicated full conversion. The reaction mixture was poured into H ₂ O (0.5L), extracted with DCM (500mLx2). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (500mL), dried over Na ₂ SC>4 and concentrated to dryness to afford the crude product, 4-methyl-N-((trifluoro- methyl)thio)benzenesulfonamide, as a white solid, which was used directly without prior purification.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CDCI3) 6= 7.82 (d, J= 8.4Hz, 2H), 7.36 (d, J= 8.1 Hz, 2H), 6.24 (br s, 1 H), 2.46 (s, 3H).

Step 3: To a solution of 4-methyl-N-((trifluoromethyl)thio)benzenesulfonamide (60g, 221.4mmol) in DCM (600mL) was added DIEA (31.42g, 243.5mmol) dropwise at 0°C and additionally stirred for 5min. MeOTf (38.1g, 232.47mmol) was added dropwise to the reaction mixture at 0~5°C and stirred additional 2hrs at 0~5°C. TLC (PE:EtOAc= 5:1) indicated full conversion. The resulting reaction mixture was poured into H2O (0.6L), extracted with DCM (500mLx2). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (500mL), dried over Na2SC and concentrated to afford the crude product, which was further purified by column chromate- graphy on silica gel (PE:EtOAc= 1 :0 to 3:1) to yield N,4-dimethyl-N-((trifluoro- methyl)thio)benzenesulfonamide (100g, yield: 79.2%) as white oil.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CDCI3) 6= 7.78 (d, J= 8.4Hz, 2H), 7.36 (d, J= 8.0Hz, 2H), 3.33 (s, 3H), 2.46 (s, 3H).

Step 4: To a solution of 2-bromo-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene (50g, 287.4mmol) in THF (1 L) was added B(OCH ₃ )3 (36g, 244.8mmol) at 25°C. Then Mg (8.3g, 344.8mmol) was added to the mixture at 0°C. It was stirred for 4hrs at 0~25°C. TLC (PE: EtOAc= 10:1) indicated full conversion. The resulting mixture was poured into HCI aq. (1 N), extracted with MTBE (500mLx2). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (500mL), dried over Na2SCU and concentrated to dryness to afford (3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-en-2-yl)boronic acid (65g) as black oil.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CDCI3) 6= 6.49-6.29 (m, 2H).

Step 5: To a solution of (5-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)boronic acid (25g, 114.16mmol) in DME (250mL) was added N,4-dimethyl-N-((trifluoromethyl)thio)benzenesulfonamide (42.3g, 148.4mmol), K2CO3 (31.5g, 228.32mmol), 4,4'-dimethylbipyridine (4.2g, 22.83mmol) and Cui (2.17g, 11.42mmol) at 25°C and was stirred at 25°C for 16hrs. TLC (PE:EtOAc= 10:1) indicated full conversion . The resulting reaction mixture was poured into H2O (250mL) and extracted with DCM (200mLx2). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (200mL), dried over Na2SC>4 and concentrated to dryness to afford the crude product, which was further purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE:EtOAc= 1 :0 to 5:1) to yield (5-bromo-2-fluorophe- nyl)(trifluoromethyl)sulfane (50g, yield: 79.6%) as a colorless oil.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CDCI3) 6= 7.81 (dd, J= 2.3, 6.2Hz, 1 H), 7.63 (ddd, J= 2.6, 4.4, 8.7Hz, 1 H), 7.12 (t, J= 8.4 Hz, 1 H).

Step 6: To a solution of (5-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)(trifluoromethyl)sulfane (8g, 29.09mmol) in dioxane/H ₂ O (60mL/12mL) was added (3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-en-2-yl)boronic acid (12.2g, 87.27mmol), CS2CO3 (28.4g, 87.27mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl2 DCM (2.38g, 2.9mmol) at 25°C and was stirred at 100°C for 16hrs under N2. TLC (PE:EtOAc=10:1) indicated full conversion. The resulting reaction mixture was poured into H ₂ O (150mL) and extracted with MTBE (150mLx2). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (200mL), dried over Na ₂ SO4 and concentrated to dryness to afford the crude product, which was further purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 1 :0 to 10:1) to yield (3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-en-2- yl)boronic acid (13.5g, yield: 79.6%) as yellow oil.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CDCI ₃ ) 6= 7.96 (dd, J= 2.0, 6.4Hz, 1 H), 7.82 (td, J= 2.2, 4.4Hz, 1 H), 7.31 (t, J= 8.5Hz, 1 H), 6.24 (d, J= 1.0Hz, 1 H), 6.00 (br d, J= 1.5Hz, 1 H).

Step 7: To a solution of NH(PMB) ₂ (11.54g, 44.83mmol) in THF (80mL) was added a solution of hydroxycarbonimidic dibromide (10.9g, 53.79mmol) dropwise in THF (20mL) at -78°C with vigorous stirring under N ₂ . Then diisopropylethylamine (DIEA, 5.7g, 44.83mmol) was added dropwise at -78°C under N ₂ within 20min. Then a solution of (2-fluoro-5-(3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1- en-2-yl)phenyl)(trifluoromethyl)sulfane (13g, 44.83mmol) in THF (30mL) added dropwise at - 78°C. DIEA (11 ,4g, 89.66mmol) was added at -78°C and allowed to warm to 20-25°C for 16hrs under N ₂ . TLC (PE:EtOAc=5:1) indicated full conversion of the starting material. The resulting solution was poured into water (200mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2100mLx3). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (200mL), dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to dryness. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE/EtOAc= 1 :0 to 3:1) to afford 5-(4-fluoro-3-((trifluoromethyl)thio)phenyl)-N,N-bis(4-metho xybenzyl)-5- (trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-amine (10g, yield: 37.9%) as yellow oil.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CDCI3) 6= 7.83 (dd, J= 2.1 , 6.3Hz, 1 H), 7.77-7.70 (m, 1 H), 7.27-7.24 (m, 1 H), 7.07 (d, J= 8.6Hz, 4H), 6.87-6.83 (m, 4H), 4.29-4.26 (m, 4H), 3.83 (br d, J= 6.0Hz, 1 H), 3.81-3.80 (m, 6H), 3.42 (d, J= 16.0Hz, 1 H).

Step 8: A solution of 5-(4-fluoro-3-((trifluoromethyl)thio)phenyl)-N,N-bis(4-metho xybenzyl)-5- (trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-amine (10g, 17.0mmol) in TFA (20mL) was stirred at 25°C for 16hrs. TLC (PE: EtOAc=3:1) indicated full conversion. The resulting mixture was quenched with NaHCOs aq. (800mL), extracted with EtOAc (200mLx3), the combined organic layers were washed with brine (200mL), dried over Na ₂ SO4 and concentrated to dryness to afford the crude product, which was further purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE/EtOAc= 1 :0 to 0:1) to yield 5-(4-fluoro-3-((trifluoromethyl)thio)phenyl)-5-(trifluoromet hyl)-4,5- dihydroisoxazol-3-amine (5 g, yield: 84.47%) as yellow oil.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CDCI3) 6= 7.83 (dd, J= 2.0, 6.4Hz, 1 H), 7.77-7.71 (m, 1 H), 7.30-7.25 (m, 1 H), 3.74 (d, J= 16.4Hz, 1 H), 3.37 (d, J= 16.4Hz, 1 H).

Step 9: To a solution of 5-(4-fluoro-3-((trifluoromethyl)thio)phenyl)-5-(trifluoromet hyl)-4,5- dihydroisoxazol-3-amine (10g, 28.74mmol) and tert-butyl (5-bromo-2-chlorobenzyl)carbamate (13.75g, 43.1mmol) in dioxane (100mL) was added Pd ₂ (dba) ₃ (2.6g, 2.87mmol), Xantphos (3.3g, 5.75mmol) and K3PO4 (18.27g, 86.19mmol) and was stirred at 110°C for 16hrs under N ₂ . TLC (PE:EtOAc= 3:1) indicated full conversion. The resulting mixture was poured into H ₂ O (200mL), extracted with EtOAc (100mLx2). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (100mL), dried over Na ₂ SC>4 and concentrated to dryness to afford the crude product, which was further purified by column chromatography (PE:EtOAc= 5:1 to 0:1) to yield tert-butyl (2-chloro-5-((5-(4-fluoro-3-((trifluoromethyl)thio)phenyl)-5 -(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3- yl)amino)benzyl)carbamate (7g, yield: 41.4%) as a yellow solid.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CDCI ₃ ) 6= 7.88-7.83 (m, 1 H), 7.79-7.72 (m, 1 H), 7.36 (br d, J= 8.4Hz, 1 H), 7.31-7.27 (m, 2H), 7.25 (br d, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 6.21 (s, 1 H), 5.07 (br s, 1 H), 4.33 (d, J= 6.4Hz, 2H), 3.89 (d, J= 16.0Hz, 1 H), 3.52 (d, J= 16.1 Hz, 1 H), 1.46 (s, 9H).

Step 10: A solution of tert-butyl (2-chloro-5-((5-(4-fluoro-3-((trifluoromethyl)thio)phenyl)-5 -(tri- fluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-yl)amino)benzyl)carbamat e (7g, 11.9mmol) in HCI/EtOAc (70mL) was stirred at 25°C for 2 hrs. TLC (PE:EtOAc= 1 :1) indicated full conversion. The resulting mixture was poured into NaHCOs (1 L) and extracted with EtOAc (200mLx2). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (200mL), dried over Na ₂ SO4 and concentrated to dryness to afford the crude product, which was further purified by prep-HPLC (H ₂ O-MeCN, TFA) to yield N-(3-(aminomethyl)-4-chlorophenyl)-5-(4-fluoro-3-((trifluoro methyl)thio)phenyl)-5- (trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-amine (2.29g, yield: 39.5%) as a white solid.

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, CD ₃ OD) 5 = 7.96 (dd, J= 1.9, 6.4Hz, 1 H), 7.90-7.84 (m, 1 H), 7.51 (d, J= 1.4Hz, 1 H), 7.44 (t, J= 8.5Hz, 1 H), 7.32-7.24 (m, 2H), 3.98 (d, J= 16.6Hz, 1 H), 3.85 (s, 2H), 3.71 (d, J= 16.8Hz, 1 H).

Example 12: ethyl (3-(cyclopropanecarboxamidomethyl)-4-fluorophenyl)(5-(3,5-di chloro-4- fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-yl)c arbamate

To a solution of ethyl (3-(aminomethyl)-4-fluorophenyl)(5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophe nyl)-5-(tri- fluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-yl)carbamate (250mg, 0.49mmol) in ethyl acetate (3.8mL) was added cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (46.2mg, 0.54mmol), a solution of propanephosphonic acid anhydride in EtOAc (50%, 1.41 ml, 2.44mmol) and pyridine (0.20ml, 2.44mmol). The reaction was stirred at 20°C until TLC indicated full conversion. All volatile compounds were evaporated under reduced pressure followed by column chromatography on silica gel (cyclohexane I EtOAc; gradient 0 to 100% EtOAc) to yield the title compound as colorless solid (250mg, 51%).

¹ H-NMR (500MHz, MeOD) 5 7.66 (d, J=6.1 Hz, 2H), 7.24 (dd, J=6.6, 2.6Hz, 1 H), 7.22-7.18 (m, 1 H), 7.18-7.13 (m, 1 H), 4.85 (s, 2H), 4.47 (d, J=18.4Hz, 1 H), 4.43 (sbr, 2H), 4.20-4.14 (m, 3H), 1.60 (tt, J=8.0, 4.7Hz, 1 H), 1.16 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3H), 0.84 (dt, J=4.5, 3.0Hz, 2H), 0.75 (dt, J=8.0, 3.2Hz, 2H).

Example 13: N-(2-chloro-5-((5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoro methyl)-4,5-dihydro- isoxazol-3-yl)amino)benzyl)cyclopropanecarboxamide

To a solution of N-(3-(aminomethyl)-4-chlorophenyl)-5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorop henyl)-5-(tri- fluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-amine (400mg, 0.88mmol) in dichloromethane (10mL) was added cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (75.4 mg, 0.88 mmol), a solution of propanephosphonic acid anhydride in EtOAc (50%, 3.34 g, 5.26 mmol) and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (321 mg, 2.63mmol). The reaction was stirred for 16h at 20°C. TLC indicated full conversion. The reaction was quenched by addition of water, followed by extraction with dichloromethane. The combined organic phase was dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to dryness to afford the crude product, which was further purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel (cyclohexane I EtOAc; gradient 0 to 60% EtOAc) to afford the title product as colorless solid (300mg, 65%).

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, MeOD) 5 7.70 (d, J=6.2Hz, 2H), 7.42 (d, J=2.5Hz, 1 H), 7.34-7.26 (m, 2H), 4.88 (sbr, 1 H), 4.42 (s, 2H), 3.93 (d, J=16.7 Hz, 1 H), 3.67 (d, J=16.7Hz, 1 H), 1.69 (tt, J=8.0, 4.7Hz, 1 H), 0.91 (dt, J=4.7, 3.1 Hz, 2H), 0.81 (dt, J=8.0, 3.1 Hz, 2H).

Example 14: N-(2-chloro-5-((5-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluorometh yl)-4,5-dihydro- isoxazol-3-yl)amino)benzyl)cyclopropanecarboxamide

To a solution of N-(3-(aminomethyl)-4-chlorophenyl)-5-(3-chloro-4-fluoropheny l)-5-(trifluoro- methyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-amine (200mg, 0.47mmol) in ethyl acetate (3.9mL) was added cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (44.9mg, 0.52mmol), a solution of propanephosphonic acid anhydride in EtOAc (50%, 1.37mL, 2,37mmol) and pyridine (0.19mL, 2.37mmol). The reaction was stirred for 16h at 20°C. TLC analysis indicated full conversion. The reaction was quenched by addition of water, followed by extraction with dichloromethane. The combined organic phase was dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to dryness to afford the crude product, which was further purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel (cyclohexane/EtOAc; gradient 0 to 100% EtOAc) to afford the title product as colorless solid (98 mg, 42%).

¹ H-NMR (500MHz, MeOD) 5 7.72 (dd, J=6.9, 2.3Hz, 1 H), 7.56 (ddd, J=8.8, 4.4, 2.3Hz, 1 H), 7.42 (d, J=2.7Hz, 1 H), 7.36-7.25 (m, 3H), 4.86 (sbr, 2H), 4.42 (s, 2H), 3.92 (d, J=16.6Hz, 1 H), 3.65 (d, J=16.6 Hz, 1 H), 1.69 (tt, J=8.0, 4.6Hz, 1 H), 0.91 (dt, J=4.7, 3.3Hz, 2H), 0.81 (dt, J=8.1 , 3.3Hz, 2H).

Example 15: N-(2-chloro-5-((5-(4-fluoro-3-((trifluoromethyl)thio)phenyl) -5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5- dihydroisoxazol-3-yl)amino)benzyl)cyclopropanecarboxamide

To a solution of N-(3-(aminomethyl)-4-chlorophenyl)-5-(4-fluoro-3-((trifluoro methyl)thio)phe- nyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-amine (250mg, 0.51 mmol) in pyridine (3.9mL) was added cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (48.5mg, 0.56mmol), a solution of propanephosphonic acid anhydride in EtOAc (50%, 1.78mL, 3,07mmol) and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (63.0mg, 0.51 mmol). The reaction was stirred for 16h at 20°C. TLC analysis indicated full conversion. The reaction was quenched by addition of water, followed by extraction with dichloromethane. The combined organic phase was dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to dryness to afford the crude product, which was further purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel (cyclohexane/EtOAc; gradient 0 to 100% EtOAc) to afford the title product as colorless solid (134mg, 47%).

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, MeOD) 5 8.51 (t, J=5.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.95 (dd, J=6.6, 2.4Hz, 1 H), 7.88-7.81 (m, 1 H), 7.44-7.37 (m, 2H), 7.31-7.20 (m, 2H), 4.86 (s, 1 H), 4.42-4.38 (s, 2H), 3.95 (d, J=16.6 Hz, 1 H), 3.67 (d, J=16.6 Hz, 1 H), 1.69 (tt, J=8.3, 4.6Hz, 1 H), 0.90 (dt, J=6.2, 3.2Hz, 2H), 0.80 (dt, J=8.1 , 3.3Hz, 2H).

Example 16: N-(5-((5-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(dichloromethyl)-4,5-di hydroisoxazol-3- yl)amino)-2-methoxybenzyl)acetamide

To a solution of N-(3-(aminomethyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-5-(3-chloro-4-fluorophen yl)-5-(dichloro- methyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-amine (459mg, 1.06mmol) in THF (16mL) was added acetic anhydride (130mg, 1.27mmol), diisopropylethylamine (822mg, 6.37mmol) and 4-dimethylamino- pyridine (13.0mg, O.Hmmol). The reaction was stirred for 20h at 20°C. LC-MS indicated full conversion. The reaction was quenched by addition of water, followed by extraction with dichloromethane. The combined organic phase was dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to dryness to afford the crude product, which was further purified by flash column chromate- graphy on silica gel (cyclohexane/EtOAc; gradient 0 to 100% EtOAc) to afford the title product as colorless solid (373mg, 74%).

¹ H-NMR (400MHz, MeOD) 5 7.73 (dd, J=7.0, 2.3Hz, 1 H), 7.56 (ddd, J=8.7, 4.5, 2.4Hz, 1 H), 7.32-7.24 (m, 2H), 7.20 (d, J=2.8 Hz, 1 H), 6.87 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1 H), 6.39 (s, 1 H), 4.84 (sbr, 2H), 4.31 (s, 2H), 3.89 (d, J=16.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.80 (s, 3H), 3.54 (d, J=16.4Hz, 1 H), 1.99 (s, 3H).

Example 17: N-((4-((5-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(dichloromethyl)-4,5-d ihydroisoxazol-3- yl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)methyl)cyclopropanecarboxamide

To a solution of N-(2-(aminomethyl)pyridin-4-yl)-5-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)- 5-(dichloromethyl)- 4,5-dihydroisoxazol-3-amine (90mg, 0.22mmol) in THF (4mL) was added cyclopropanecarboxylic acid anhydride (41.3mg, 0.27mmol), diisopropylethylamine (173mg, 1.34mmol) and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (2.72mg, 0.02mmol). The reaction was stirred for 18h at 20°C. LC-MS indicated full conversion. The reaction was quenched by addition of water, followed by extraction with dichloromethane. The combined organic phase was dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated to dryness to afford the crude product, which was further purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel (cyclohexane/EtOAc; gradient 0 to 100% EtOAc) to afford the title product as colorless solid (72mg, 68%).

¹ H-NMR (500MHz, CDCI ₃ ) 6 8.60 (s, 1 H), 8.29 (d, J=5.7Hz, 1 H), 7.72 (dd, J=6.9, 2.3Hz, 1 H), 7.56-7.46 (m, 1 H), 7.24 (t, J=8.6Hz, 1 H), 7.17 (d, J=2.2Hz, 1 H), 6.03 (s, 1 H), 5.37 (s, OH), 4.51 (dd, J=5.4, 2.3Hz, 2H), 3.94 (d, J=16.6Hz, 1 H), 3.61 (d, J=16.6 Hz, 1 H), 2.43 (s, 1 H), 1.66 (tt, J=8.1 , 4.6Hz, 1 H), 1.06-0.97 (m, 2H), 0.97-0.85 (m, 2H).

Table 1.1 - compounds of formula I (Y = CH2)

§ = bond to the remainder of the molecule; # = bond to X; % = bond to Y

1.2

Table 1.2 - compounds of formula I (Y = direct bond)

§ = bond to the remainder of the molecule; # = bond to X; % = bond to Y 1 3

Table 1.3 - compounds of formula I, wherein R ⁴ forms together with R ^4a /R ^4b a ring (Y = CR ^4a R ^4b )

§ = bond to the remainder of the molecule; # = bond to X; % = bond to Y

Biological examples

If not otherwise specified, the test solutions were prepared as follows:

The active compound was dissolved at the desired concentration in a mixture of 1 :1 (vokvol) distilled water: acetone. The test solution was prepared at the day of use.

Test solutions were prepared in general at a concentration of 2500ppm (wt/vol).

B.1 . Boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis)

For evaluating control of boll weevil, the test unit consisted of 96-well-microtiter plates containing an insect diet and 5-10 A. grandis eggs.

The compounds were formulated using a solution containing 75% v/v water and 25% v/v DMSO. Different concentrations of formulated compounds were sprayed onto the insect diet at 5pl, using a custom-built micro atomizer, at two replications.

After application, microtiter plates were incubated at about 25 ± 1°C and about 75 ± 5 % relative humidity for 5 days. Egg and larval mortality were then visually assessed.

In this test, compounds I-2, I-3, I-4, I-6, I-7, I-8, I-9, 1-10, 1-11 , 1-12, 1-13, 1-14, 1-15, 1-16, 1-17, 1-18, 1-19, I-20, 1-21 , I-22, I-23, I-25, I-26, I-28, I-29, I-32, I-33, I-34, I-38, I-40, I-42, I-43, I-44,

I-45, I-46, I-47, I-48, I-49, I-50, 1-51 , I-52, I-53, I-54, I-55, I-58, I-59, I-60, 1-61 , I-62, I-63, I-64,

I-65, I-66, I-69, I-70, 1-71 , I-72, I-75, I-76, I-78, I-79, I-80, 1-81 , I-82, I-84, and 111-1 , resp., at

800 ppm showed at least 75% mortality in comparison with untreated controls.

B.2. Green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) (mixed life stages)

For evaluating control of Green Peach Aphid through systemic means the test unit consisted of 96-well-microtiter plates containing liquid artificial diet under an artificial membrane. The compounds were formulated using a solution containing 75% v/v water and 25% v/v DMSO. Different concentrations of formulated compounds were pipetted into the aphid diet, using a custom-built pipette, at two replications. After application, 5 - 8 adult aphids were placed on the artificial membrane inside the microtiter plate wells. The aphids were then allowed to suck on the treated aphid diet and incubated at about 23 ± 1°C and about 50 ± 5 % relative humidity for 3 days. Aphid mortality and fecundity was then visually assessed.

In this test, compounds I-2, I-3, I-4, I-5, I-6, I-8, I-9, 1-12, 1-13, 1-14, 1-15, 1-16, 1-18, 1-19, I-20,

1-21 , I-22, I-23, I-25, I-26, I-28, I-29, 1-31 , I-32, I-40, I-42, I-43, I-44, I-45, I-46, I-47, I-48, I-49,

I-50, 1-51 , I-52, I-53, I-54, I-55, I-58, I-59, I-60, 1-61 , I-62, I-63, I-64, I-65, I-66, I-67, I-68, I-69,

I-70, 1-71 , I-72, I-73, I-74, I-77, I-78, I-79, I-80, I-82 I-83, and 111-1 , resp., at 800 ppm showed at least 75% mortality in comparison with untreated controls.

B.3. Tobacco budworm (Heliothis virescens)

For evaluating control of Tobacco Budworm, the test unit consisted of 96-well-microtiter plates containing an insect diet and 15-25 H. virescens eggs. The compounds were formulated using a solution containing 75% v/v water and 25% v/v DMSO. Different concentrations of formulated compounds were sprayed onto the insect diet at 10pl, using a custom-built micro atomizer, at two replications. After application, microtiter plates were incubated at about 28 ± 1°C and about 80 ± 5 % relative humidity for 5 days. Egg and larval mortality was then visually assessed.

In this test, compounds 1-1 , I-2, I-3, I-4, I-6, I-8, I-9, 1-12, 1-13, 1-14, 1-15, 1-16, 1-17, 1-18, 1-19, I-20, 1-21 , I-22, I-42, I-73, I-74, I-78, I-79, I-80, I-82, and I-84, resp., at 2500 ppm showed at least 75% mortality in comparison with untreated controls.

In this test, compounds I-2, I-3, I-4, I-6, I-8, 1-12, 1-13, 1-14, 1-15, 1-16, 1-17, 1-18, 1-19, I-20, 1-21 , I-22, I-23, I-25, I-28, I-32, I-42, I-43, I-45, I-48, I-50, I-53, I-54, I-55, I-59, I-60, I-62, I-64, I-66, I-70, I-72, and 111-1 , resp., at 800 ppm showed at least 75% mortality in comparison with untreated controls.

B.4. Yellow fever mosquito (Aedes aegypti)

For evaluating control of Yellow Fever Mosquito, the test unit consisted of 96-well-microtiter plates containing 200pl of tap water per well and 5-15 freshly hatched A. aegypti larvae. The active compounds were formulated using a solution containing 75% (v/v) water and 25% (v/v) DMSO. Different concentrations of formulated compounds or mixtures were sprayed onto the insect diet at 2.5pl, using a custom-built micro atomizer, at two replications.

After application, microtiter plates were incubated at 28 ± 1 °C, 80 ± 5 % RH for 2 days. Larval mortality was then visually assessed.

In this test, compounds I-3, I-4, I-5, I-6, I-7, I-9, 1-10, 1-11 , 1-12, 1-13, 1-14, 1-15, 1-16, 1-17, 1-18, 1-19, I-20, 1-21 , I-22, I-42, I-73, I-74, I-78, I-79, I-80, 1-81 , I-82, and I-84, resp., at 2500 ppm showed at least 75% mortality in comparison with untreated controls.

In this test, compounds I-3, I-4, I-6, 1-13, 1-14, 1-15, 1-16, 1-17, 1-18, 1-19, I-20, 1-21 , I-22, I-23,

I-25, I-26, I-27, I-28, I-29, 1-31 , I-32, I-33, I-34, I-37, I-38, I-40, I-42, I-43, I-44, I-45, I-46, I-47,

I-48, I-49, I-50, 1-51 , I-52, I-53, I-54, I-55, I-58, I-59, I-60, I-62, I-63, I-65, I-66, I-68, I-69, I-70,

1-71 , I-72, I-75, I-76, I-77, I-83, 11-1 , and 111-1 , resp., at 800 ppm showed at least 75% mortality in comparison with untreated controls.

B.5. Diamond back moth (Plutella xylostella)

For evaluating control of tobacco budworm (Plutella xylostella) the test unit consisted of 96- well-microtiter plates containing an insect diet and 15-25 P. xylostella eggs.

The compounds or mixtures were formulated using a solution containing 75% water and 25% DMSO. Different concentrations of formulated compounds or mixtures were sprayed onto the insect diet at 5pl, using a custom-built micro atomizer, at two replications.

After application, microtiter plates were incubated at 28 + 1 °C, 80 + 5 % RH for 5 days. Egg and larval mortality was then visually assessed. In this test, compounds 1-2, 1-10, 1-11 , 1-12, 1-13, 1-14, 1-15, 1-16, 1-17, 1-18, 1-19, I-20, 1-21 , I-22, I-42, I-73, I-74, I-78, I-79, I-80, 1-81 , and I-82, resp., at 2500 ppm showed at least 75% mortality in comparison with untreated controls.

In this test, compounds I-2, 1-11 , 1-12, 1-13, 1-14, 1-15, 1-16, 1-17, 1-18, 1-19, I-20, 1-21 , I-22, I-23, I-25, I-26, I-28, I-29, I-32, I-33, I-34, I-37, I-38, I-40, I-42 , I-43, I-44, I-45, I-46, I-47, I-48, I-50, I- 51 , 11-1 , 111-1 , and HI-2, resp., at 800 ppm showed at least 75% mortality in comparison with untreated controls.

The beneficial activity of the compounds according to the invention over structurally close compounds known from WO2022/171472 was demonstrated by the following comparative experiments:

C.1. Western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis)

The active compounds were formulated by a Tecan liquid handler in 100% cyclohexanone as a 10,000 ppm solution supplied in tubes. The 10,000 ppm solution was serially diluted in 100% cyclohexanone to make interim solutions. These served as stock solutions for which final dilutions were made by the Tecan in 50% acetone:50% water (v/v) into 10or 20ml glass vials. A nonionic surfactant (Kinetic®) was included in the solution at a volume of 0.01% (v/v). The vials were then inserted into an automated electrostatic sprayer equipped with an atomizing nozzle for application to plants/insects. Small (~2” in height) cotton plants were sprayed with test compounds at concentrations ranging from 300 to 0.01 ppm in acetone I water through the automated VPS. After drying, cotton leaves were removed, and circular leaf discs (~1 cm diameter) were punched from the treated surface and transferred to clean 20 mL scintillation vials. Ten Western flower thrips (FRANOC) were aspirated into each scintillation vial. The vials with the leaf discs and thrips were kept in an upright incubator at 25°C and 50% relative humidity with a 14:10 light:dark photoperiod. Each treatment was replicated twice. Thrips mortality was assessed at 2 DAT (days after treatment), counting all thrips both dead and alive.

In this test, compound I-8 at 100ppm showed 100% mortality, whereas compound I-30 of WO2022/171472 at 100 ppm showed 19% mortality in comparison with untreated controls.

C.2. Southern armyworm (Spodoptera eridania), 2nd instar larvae

The active compounds were formulated by a Tecan liquid handler in 100% cyclohexanone as a 10,000-ppm solution supplied in tubes. The 10,000-ppm solution was serially diluted in 100% cyclohexanone to make interim solutions. These served as stock solutions for which final dilutions were made by the Tecan in 50% acetone:50% water (v/v) into 10 or 20ml glass vials. A nonionic surfactant (Kinetic®) was included in the solution at a volume of 0.01% (v/v). The vials were then inserted into an automated electrostatic sprayer equipped with an atomizing nozzle for application to plants/insects. Lima bean plants (variety Sieva) were grown 2 plants to a pot and selected for treatment at the 1st true leaf stage. Test solutions were sprayed onto the foliage by an auto-mated electrostatic plant sprayer equipped with an atomizing spray nozzle. The plants were dried in the sprayer fume hood and then removed from the sprayer. Each pot was placed into perforated plastic bags with a zip closure. Ten to 11 armyworm larvae were placed into the bag and the bags zipped closed. Test plants were maintained in a growth room at about 25°C and about 20-40% relative humidity for 4 days, avoiding direct exposure to fluorescent light (14:10 light:dark photoperiod) to prevent trapping of heat inside the bags. Mortality and reduced feeding were assessed 4 days after treatment, compared to untreated control plants. In this test, compound I-8 at 1ppm showed 80% mortality, whereas compound I-30 of WO2022/171472 at 1ppm showed 0% mortality in comparison with untreated controls.