TROCHANTER FRACTURES

Technical Field

Invention is associated with a fixed and mobile next generation nail restructuring used in trochanter fracture in the upper end (proximal) of thigh (femur).

The invention is particularly about nail restructure whose fixed or moving part is inserted into the femoral by combining the head and body of the bone to improve trochanter fractures and deformations of femur bone.

The Prior Art of the Technique

Femur is the longest bone in the human body, also called as "uyluk"bone in Turkish. When examined from anatomical position, the upper ends of the bones are far more to each other than the lower ends to each other, and when looked downwards, both sides of femur come closer to each other. There are many recesses and protrusions on the femur.

The upper end of femur (thigh) is called proximal or femoral head. The femoral head (proximal) is the spherical part participating in the hip joint.

The section called trochanter is composed of two parts; trochanter major (greater trochanter) and trochanter minor (small trochanter). Trochanter major is the large protrusion on the outer-back side of the upper end of the bone, and the trochanter is a small protrusion on the inner rear side of the upper end of the bone.

Various mechanisms are found to treat trochanter or proximal fractures in femur bone. These mechanisms are generally the ones such as fixing the femur from outside and securing the upper end (proximal) by means of a nail from sideward. In the art, mechanisms attached by using a nail from the upper part of a main body so as to pass through the femur are also available. However, the biggest problem experienced in embodiments of this kind is its moves after the mechanism is secured. Such movement of that products is the most important and undesirable case in the technique. The lock during screwing the nails to the upper end of the (proximal) is essential after the main body is fixed. Even the slightest movement can affect the patient's healing process and even the recovery is achieved, it will lead to the suffering of patients in future. Another problem also experienced in the prior art is especially the fixed feature of the main body of this mechanism. Fixed main body is not a problem for a proper femur (thigh). However, if a small curvature or destruction comes on the femur; a moving body will be needed. One of the biggest problems that surgeons encountered during the operation is situations that cannot be seen preoperation and recognized with the emergence of bone surgery. Problems occurring in the prior art like the patient's narrow or wide medullar diameter elicit a necessity to manufacture different diameters of such mechanism. Major blood loss is seen in trochanter fracture in particular, and patients go into shock, so negativity that may occur during the operation constitutes a great danger for the health of each patient.

Due to the problems above in the prior art; some solutions have been developed for fractures of the femur bone in particular.

In the prior art; an example of known solutions is the patent / utility model application document titled; with TR2014 / 00396 reference number "plaque- screw system attached to hip prosthesis for the treatment of fractures in the greater trochanter." The summary of this application / document, is as follows: "This invention is particularly the trochanteric grip plaque-screw system used as orthopaedic implants and the treatment performed with this system in the treatment of fractures of thigh bone (A) and large trochanteric (B) that can occur voluntary or involuntary manner during surgery total hip arthroplasty; and includes a grip plaque(1) greater placed anatomically in large trochanter (B) having a compression feature on the fracture line and the fixing screw (2) that secures the said the plaque(1) both to the bone and femoral component (11) of total hip replacement (10). The invention also has a guide apparatus (3) that helps securing the plaque-screw system (11) to the femoral component, and a tightening tool (4)"

In the prior art; an example of known solutions is the document patent / utility model application titled with TR 2008/04802 reference number "intramedullary nailing for the treatment of proximal femur fractures." The summary of this application/document is as follows: "The invention is associated with an endomedullary nail that can be used for the treatment of proximal femur fractures such as per trochanteric fractures either extending to trochanter with small or big cracks, fractures at the base of the femoral neck and medial fractures "Though this invention has some formal similarity with our discovery, it also has lots of differences. One of these differences is the locations where the lag screw and antirotation screw enter are very close to each other. This proximity provides full stability by touching of locking grooves to each other both in lag screw and in the anti-rotation screw. Further, the locking grooves on antirotation and lag screw are not mentioned in this invention. The grooves exist in the invention in that section, but the grooves are positioned not for locking but providing the screw to progress in the bone. Furthermore, the movable body said in our invention is not mentioned in any way in that invention.

As a result, due to the shortcomings above and the lack of solution for the topic, new generation fixed or mobile nail restructuring used in trochanter fractures occurred in the upper end (proximal) of thigh (femur) has been entailed.

Summary of the invention

Trochanter fractures in the upper end (proximal) of thigh (femur) can be exactly treated with our invention. Movement of the structure after the fixing process is not in question.

The primary objective of the present invention is to ensure the treatment and acceleration of the healing process of trochanter fractures in the upper end (proximal) of thigh (femur).

One of the most important purposes of the present invention is to ensure that all elements can interlock to each other while fitting the antirotation screw. No movement is in question thanks to this interlock and this situation will provide a positive contribution to the healing process.

The above-mentioned case will also enable the surgical team to act in a more practical way during operation. This practicality will be vitally important in trochanter fractures giving rise to intense blood loss. An objective of the present invention is being able to manufacture the main body in different diameters and lengths. This will easily allow combining the varying size and diameter of the femur of patients.

Another object of the present invention will eliminate the condition of cartilage injury thanks to cortex gap in both lag screw and the antirotation screw. That will accelerate the treatment process more.

The movable body which is an alternative embodiment of the invention; will adapt to the femur varies from patient to patient and will ensure the surgical team to be more comfortable during surgery and have more positive results.

One further objective of the invention is that it can be manufactured easily. In this case, this operation would make these operations more frequent and more cost effective, and will allow more patients to improve the quality of life with these operations.

The structural and characteristic features and all the advantages of the invention will be understood more clearly thanks to the following figures and the detailed description written by making reference to them and therefore, the evaluation must be performed considering these figures and detailed description.

The Figures to assist in understanding the invention

The subject of our application; "the new generation fixed or mobile nail structure used in trochanter fracture" is illustrated in the attached figures, and as follows;

Figure 1 : The subject of invention, representative figure of the fixed shape of nail structure (1 ) of "the new generation fixed or mobile nail structure used in trochanter fracture" is shown.

Figure 2: The subject of invention, representative figure of the mobile state of nail structure (1 ) of "the new generation fixed or mobile nail structure used in trochanter fracture" is shown.

Figure 3: The subject of invention, "the new generation fixed or mobile nail structure used in trochanter fracture" and representative figure of the fixed state of nail structure (1 ) placed in femur is shown

Figure 4: The subject of invention, representative figure of the main body of fixed state (2) of nail structure (1 ) of "the new generation fixed or mobile nail structure used in trochanter fracture" is shown Figure 5: The subject of invention, representative figure of the mobile state of main body (2) of nail structure (1 ) of "the new generation fixed or mobile nail structure used in trochanter fracture" is shown. Figure 6: The subject of invention, representative figure of the lag screw (3) in the nail structure (1 ) of "the new generation fixed or mobile nail structure used in trochanter fracture" is shown. Figure 7: The subject of invention, representative figure of the antirotation screw (4) in the nail structure (1 ) of "the new generation fixed or mobile nail structure used in trochanter fracture" is shown.

The drawings in the figures are symbolic in general, and absolute scaling is not needed. Details that are not necessary to understand the present invention may be neglected. Furthermore, the elements which have at least substantially identical functions are indicated with the same number. "

Description of References of the Parts

Our invention subject to this application titled as "the new generation fixed or mobile nail structure used in trochanter fracture" is numbered as shown in the attached drawings, and part names corresponding to these numbers are as follows; 1. Nail structure

2. Main Body

2.1. hole 1

2.2. hole 2

2.3. locking groove 1

2.4. Point of movement

3. Lag screw

3.1. Locking groove 2

3.2. Cortex cavity 1

4. Antirotation screw

4.1. Locking groove 3

4.2. Cortex cavity 2

F. Femur Detailed Description of the Invention

In this detailed description of the invention, "the new generation fixed or mobile nail structure used in trochanter fracture" is described only in order to understand the issue better and in such a way that no limiting effect is created.

Furthermore, some elements or processing steps prepared may be used in various ways to ensure the cohesion in sentences therein to provide a better understanding of the invention. Elements or process steps used in different expressions actually represent a step or process about the same numbered elements.

Nail structure subject to the invention (1 ) composes two shapes. The first is the mobile (Modular) and the other is fixed. In mobile (modular) state; the nail structure subject to invention (1 );

• The main body (2) which contains hole 1 (2.1 ) positioned in a way and slope that the lag screw can enter; hole 2 (2.2) positioned in a way and slope that the antirotation screw (4) can enter and locking groove (2.3), located immediately adjacent to hole 2 (2.2), which enables antirotation screw (4) to be secured and locked, the elements of moving point (2.4) that allows the main body (2) can move angularly relative to the position of the femur (F)

• After entering to the said hole 1 (2.1 ), the locking groove 2 (3.1 ) for securing the lag screw (3) and cortex gap 1 (3.2) placed at least one lag screw which contains the elements (3) to accelerate the cortical surface treatment process , · also consists of a combination of elements; the locking groove 1 (2.3) after entering into said hole 2 (2.2) securing antirotation screw located adjacent to the hole and locking groove 2 (3.1 ) located on lag screw (3) and locking groove 3 (4.1 ) for securing both locking grooves and antirotation screw (4) positioned so as to accelerate the treatment process on the cortex surface cortex gap 2 (4.2) with at least one antirotation screw (4)

In the fixed state; the inventive nail structure (1 );

• The main body (2) which contains hole 1 (2.1 ) positioned in a way and slope that the lag screw can enter; hole 2 (2.2) positioned in a way and slope that the antirotation screw (4) can enter and locking groove (2.3), located immediately adjacent to hole 2 (2.2), which enables antirotation screw (4) to be secured and locked,

• After entering to the said hole 1 (2.1 ), the locking groove 2 (3.1 ) for securing the lag screw (3) and cortex gap 1 (3.2) placed at least one lag screw which contains the elements (3) to accelerate the cortical surface treatment process ,

• also consists of a combination of elements; the locking groove 1 (2.3) after entering into said hole 2 (2.2) securing antirotation screw located adjacent to the hole and locking groove 2 (3.1 ) located on lag screw (3) and locking groove 3 (4.1 ) for securing both locking grooves and antirotation screw (4) positioned so as to accelerate the treatment process on the cortex surface cortex gap 2 (4.2) with at least one antirotation screw (4)

The operating mode of nail structure subject to invention (1 ) is:

First main body (2) is mounted into the femur (F). Then the lag screw (3) is placed in hole 1 (2.1 ) located on the main body. After lag screw (3) is mounted, the locking groove 2 (3.1 ) performs the locking function and so lag screw (3) is fixed into the main body (2) and femur (F). Then antirotation screw (4) is placed into hole 2 (2.2) on hole 1 (2.1 ) where lag screw (3) is positioned. After antirotation screw (4) is placed, the locking groove (4.1 ) located on the antirotation screw (4) is fixed with by locking groove (2.3) next to hole 2 (2.2) and locking groove 2 (3.1 ) on the lag screw (3). So, all elements are entirely locked together.