The subject of the invention is an optimal architectural, energy and horticultural arrangement of residences that enable sustainable living by solar energy self-sufficiency of buildings in harmony with the public electricity system and by biotechnological systems of self-sufficiency of residents of urban and rural settlements with sustainably produced food.

Humanity is facing imminent climate change caused by greenhouse gases emitted by people. Those who consume industrially produced food are slowly but surely poisoning themselves, as male fertility in the developed world has fallen by 60 % in the last fifty years.

The problem that the present invention successfully solves is the provision of an economically and socially acceptable building method for the construction of new buildings and the retrofitting of existing buildings by storing 21 tonnes of CO2 for centuries in a three-room wooden house with a gross floor area of 120 m ² , allowing us to develop integrated solutions for people who want to live sustainably by eating only organic food grown by themselves or purchased from organic farmers, breathing clean air and drinking clean water, supplying their homes and electric vehicles exclusively with electricity and heat generated by solar radiation at their homes.

The architectural and structural solutions to the problem allow for energy self- sufficiency of buildings and the cultivation of vegetables on them, energy self-sufficiency of electric vehicles and work from home. The optimal architectural, energy and horticultural arrangement of residences that enable sustainable living according to the invention consists in optimizing the relations between the architecture of buildings, energy self-sufficiency devices for buildings and electric vehicles by harnessing the solar radiation energy and gardening. Architectural solutions and energy equipment are developed in such a way as to allow for the cultivation of useful vegetation in the loggia and on the roof of the residences. Application of our developed norms on the size of residences' floor plans, structure of houses or apartments and sizes of areas intended for gathering electricity, heat and for gardening is suitable for both new constructions and retrofitting of existing buildings. Vegetable self-sufficiency reduces the need for long transportation of vegetables. The urban gardening method developed through experience allows the residents to grow lettuce all year round in the south-facing loggia in front of the living room, and there are enough beds on the roof to grow all the vegetables and most of the potatoes and grain legumes the family needs.

The optimal architectural, energy and horticultural arrangement of residences that enable sustainable living according to the invention will be illustrated using an implementation example of a three-bedroom house with an extra rooftop room for working from home as well as with photovoltaic panels and vegetable beds on the roof and in the loggia. The implementation example in no way restricts implementation on other larger or smaller residences.

The accompanying pictures illustrate according to the present invention the optimal architectural arrangement of quality, mainly wooden houses or apartments, allowing, by means of solar radiation, full self-sufficiency of residences and electric vehicles as well as year-round vegetable and herb self-sufficiency, namely: pictures 1 , 2, 3, 4 three-bedroom house according to the invention in perspective views; picture 5 ground floor plan and external layout of a three-bedroom wooden passive house; picture 6 floor plan of the roof terrace with a garden and roofed area A; picture 7 longitudinal section of a three-bedroom house according to the invention; picture 8 cross section of a three-bedroom house according to the invention; picture 9 three-bedroom house according to the invention as seen from the east; picture 10 three-bedroom house according to the invention as seen from the west; picture 11 three-bedroom house according to the invention as seen from the north; picture 12 three-bedroom house according to the invention as seen from the south;

The implementation example of a three-bedroom house with an additional rooftop workspace for working from home, photovoltaic panels and vegetable beds on the roof and in the loggia is shown in perspective views in pictures 1 to 4.

The three-bedroom house according to the invention has on the ground floor a living area 1 with a kitchen 2, a room 3 a bedroom 4, a bathroom 5, a toilet 6, a glazed loggia 7 and a storeroom 8. At the entrance there is room for two cars, covered with pergola 9, while the glazed loggia 7 continues over the terrace 10 into the garden 1 1 . On the roof terrace 12 there are raised beds 13 for vegetables, solar panels 14 of the solar power plant and a workspace 15.

The floor plan of the roof terrace with raised beds 13 for vegetables and workspace 15 is shown in picture 6, while the longitudinal section of the three-bedroom house according to the invention is shown in picture 7 and its cross section is shown in picture 8.

The position of the house itself in relation to the surroundings can be seen in pictures 9 to 12, which show a side view of the three-bedroom house according to the invention, as seen from all four cardinal directions: picture 9 shows the facade from the entrance side, picture 10 the facade from the north side, picture 1 1 the facade from the west side and picture 12 the facade from the south side.

The optimal architectural arrangement of quality, mainly wooden, houses or apartments, enabling by means of solar radiation their full self-sufficiency as well as self- sufficiency of electric vehicles and year-round vegetable and herb self-sufficiency, provides in houses or apartments, built on a single level without thresholds exceeding 2 cm, quality of living and movement, even for occupants in wheelchairs. This is achieved by using between 73 % and 77 % of the gross floor area for living areas with kitchen, bedrooms, toilets, bathrooms and utility rooms, i.e. spaces surrounded by a passive building structure with heating energy consumption of less than 15 kWh/m ² ; using between 23 % and 27 % of the floor area for the vegetable and herb production loggia; between 35 % and 45 % of the roof floor area for the solar photovoltaic plant, and between 55 % and 65 % of the total roof area for the vegetable garden. For every occupant of a multi-storey residential building, between 25 m ² and 35 m ² of photovoltaic plant area is needed, with the radiation efficiency of around 20 %, and for every occupant at least 25 m ² of flat roof space is also needed to grow vegetables in raised beds.

Quality living means that the occupants live at a temperature between 19 °C and 21 °C during periods when heating is required, a temperature of no more than 26 °C during periods when cooling is required, that the air is completely clean, that the humidity is adequate, the walls are breathing and accumulate heat or cold, and that there is sufficient space per person, which allows heating, cooling and air recovery to be accomplished by a central ventilation system or floor heating or cooling, that the building is constructed of solid timber, dowel or cross-laminated panels or timber structures, and using insulation of cellulose, wood, straw, reeds, hemp or other CO2-accumulating materials, and that the wall cladding is made of or clay and similar breathing materials. Any person living in a one-bedroom house or apartment uses on average between 60 m ² and 70 m ² of living space, between 34 m ² and 40 m ² of living space in a two-bedroom house or apartment, and between 27 m ² and 33 m ² of living space in a three- or four- bedroom house or apartment.

Optimal architectural arrangement that enables a completely reliable, uninterrupted and full energy supply to houses or apartments by means of solar heating which supplies all the necessary electricity, heat and cold for all the heating, cooling and recuperation needs of the residence and for household appliances, computers, television, automatic irrigation of garden plants, and for powering electric cars, scooters, bicycles, wheelchairs, is implemented by installing photovoltaic panels on the roofs of houses or multistorey buildings which convert about 20 % of the solar radiation into electricity and produce yearly between 2500 kWh and 1700 kWh of electricity per person, and between 3500 kWh and 4500 kWh of electricity per each personal electric car, and provide a two- way connection to the public electricity panel system, and a storage of electricity via bidirectional smart chargers in electric vehicle batteries and in stationary electric batteries.

Optimal architectural arrangement that enables residents to produce yearly per person about 20 kg of potatoes or sweet potatoes, 5 kg of beans, peas, broad beans and other legumes in grains, 146 kg of various vegetables and herbs, 10 kg of berries and 2 kg of shiitake, so as to enjoy every day of the year a bowl of fresh green winter or colourful summer salad, which is the best probiotic, is implemented by growing vegetables and herbs in winter in the heated loggia just in front of the glass loggia wall and in summer in the open loggia and on the roof. Plants on the roof are grown in raised covered or uncovered beds, in permanently covered low beds for growing tomatoes and low uncovered beds for growing cold-resistant plants. All plants are protected with a net against hail and birds, with blinds against severe summer solar radiation and against strong winds. The plants are kept warm in severe frost by covering them with a plastic sheet and using paraffin candles. Gardening is performed ecologically and sustainably. The plants are watered by automated drip irrigation with rainwater collected in a holding tank of at least 5 m ³ per occupant.