PERFLUOROPOLYVI YL MODIFIED A YL MO O E S

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention comprises aryi compounds having at least two partially fluorinated pendent groups which can he useful as additives for fluorinated oils and greases or as fluorinated solvents.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Fluorinated oil additives are generally produced from alcohols which are expensive and are prepared through several step synthesis. These alcohols are either then reacted to make additives or solvents. New starting materials are needed that do not utilize linear perfiuorinated alcohols.

U.S. Patent 7,531 ,700 teaches fluorinated solvents having benzene rings with a) perfiuorinated pendent alkyl groups, b) alkyl, alkoxy, or oxyaikyl groups and c) optionally halogen pendent groups useful for the manufacture of organic electronic devices. These solvents are non- reactive.

Patent Application WO 2007/149449 teaches fiuoroalkoxystyrenes prepared by contacting fluonnated olefin with a solution of hydroxystyrene. These fiuoroalkoxystyrenes are useful in resins, elastomers, polymers, or coatings.

Compounds useful as additives for fluorinated oils and greases or as fluorinated solvents which can be prepared from starting materials other than linear perfiuorinated alcohols are needed. A simpler preparation and lower cost starting materials would contribute to wider availability of such additives and solvents. The present invention meets this need.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention comprises a compound of formula (I)

wherein

R _f is -CF3, -C2F5, -CF2CFXCF3;

X is -F, or -OCaF/;

Y is -H, -CI, or -Br;

R1 i _s -(CH ₂ ) _q -, -(OCH ₂ CH ₂ )f■ or ~iCH ₂ ) _q iOCH ₂ CH ₂ )i-;

Rf ¹ is -OCF ₂ CFY -0-Rf ² ;

Rf2 is -CF ₃ , -C ₂ F _5! -CF ₂ CFX1 CF ₃ ;

X ^I is -F, or -OCsF ;

Y1 is -H, -CI, or -Br;

q is 0 to 10;

t is 1 to 10;

a is 1 to 5; and

b is 1 to 5.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Herein trademarks are shown in upper case.

The term "(meth)acryiate" is used herein defined to mean both "acrylate" and "methacrylate".

The present invention provides a compound of formula (!)

wherein

Rf is -CF3, -C2F5, -CF2CFXCF3;

X is -F, or -OC3F7;

Y is -H, -CI, or -Br;

R1 is -(CH ₂ )q-, -(OCH ₂ CH ₂ ) _tr , or -(CH ₂ ) _q (OCH ₂ CH2)t-;

Rf ¹ is -OCF ₂ CFY -0-Rf ² ;

R _f 2 is -CF _3l -C2F _5! -CF ₂ CFXl CF ₃ ;

X ^I is -F, or -OCsF ;

γΊ is -H, -CI, or -Br;

q is 0 to 10;

t is 1 to 10;

a is 1 to 5; and

b is 1 to 5.

Compounds of the present invention include pendent groups

(Rf-0-CFY-CF20-) _a and (-R ¹ - f ¹ )b and wherein a is 1 to 5 and b is 1 to

5. Compounds of the present invention may have 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5 pendent groups of Rf-0-CFY-CF ₂ 0-; 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5 pendent groups of -R ¹ -Rf ; and mixtures thereof; provided that the total number of pendent groups is less than or equal to 6. The Rf-0-CFY~CF20- and -R^-Rf ^" ^ groups may be ortho, para, or meta on the benzene ring or combinations thereof.

Preferred compounds of Formula (I) include those wherein Rf is -

CF3, or -C ₂ F5; Y is H; R ¹ is -(CH2)q-, -(OCH ₂ CH2)r, or

-{CH2)q(OCH ₂ CH ₂ )t-; Rf ¹ is -OCF ₂ CFY -0-Rf ² ; Rf ² is -CF3 or -C ₂ Fs; Y1 is -H; a and b are defined as above; q is 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6; and t is 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6. Also preferred are compounds of Formula (!) wherein Rf is -

CF3, or -C2F5; Y is H; R ¹ is -(CH2) _q -, -iOCH ₂ CH ₂ )t~, or

-(CH2)q(OCH2CH2)t-; Rf ¹ is -OCF2CFY ¹ -0-Rf ² ; Rf ² is -CF3 or -C2F5; Y^ is -H; a and b are defined as above; q is 1 , 2, or 3; and t is 1 , 2, or 3.

Preferred compounds of Formula (!) also include those wherein Rf is -CF3, or -C2F5 _; Y is H; R is -(CH2)q-, -(OCH2CH2 t-, or

-(CH _2)q( OCH ₂ CH _2)t -; R _f 1 is -OCF ₂ CFYl -0-R _f ² ; R _f ² is -CF ₂ CFX1 CF ₃ ; is -F, or -OC3F7; Y^ is -H; a and b are defined as above; q is 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6; and t is 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6. Also preferred are compounds of Formula (I) wherein Rf is -CF3, or -C ₂ F5 _; Y is H; R^ is -(CH2)q-,

-(OCH ₂ CH ₂ ) , or -(CH ₂ )q(OCH ₂ CH ₂ )t-; Rf ¹ is -OCF ₂ CFY ¹ -Q-R _f ² ; Rf ² is

-CF2CFXI CF ₃ ; X1 is -F, or -OC3F7; γ1 is -H; a and b are defined as above; q is 1 , 2, or 3; and t is 1 , 2, or 3.

Preferred compounds of Formula (!) also include those wherein Rf is -CF ₂ CFXCF _3; X is -F, or -OC3F7; Y is H; R ¹ is -(CH ₂ )cp

-(OCH ₂ CH ₂ ) , or -(CH2)q(OCH ₂ CH ₂ )t-; Rf ¹ is -OCF ₂ CFY ¹ -Q-R _f ² ; Rf ² is

-CF ₂ CFX ^" ^ CF3; X^ is -F, or -OC3F7; Y ^"5 is -H; a and b are defined as above; q is 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6; and t is 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5, or 8. Also preferred are compounds of Formula (!) wherein Rf is -CF2CFXCF3; _; X is -F, or -

OC ₃ F ₇ ; Y is H; R1 is -(CH ₂ ) _q -, -(OCH ₂ CH ₂ )t-, or -(CH ₂ ) _q (OCH ₂ CH ₂ )t-; Rf ¹ is -OCF ₂ CFY ¹ -G-R _f ² ; Rf ² is -CF ₂ CFX CF ₃ ; X ¹ is -F, o -OC3F ₇ ; Y ¹ is -H; a and b are defined as above; q is 1 , 2, or 3; and t is 1 , 2, or 3.

Additional preferred compounds of Formula (I) include those wherein Rf is -CF ₃ , -C ₂ F5, or -CF ₂ CFXCF3; X is -F, or -OC3F7; Y is H;

R ¹ is -(CH2)q-; Rf ¹ is -OCF ₂ CFY ¹ -0-Rf ² ; Rf ² is -CF3, -C2F5, -

CF ₂ CFX1 CF ₃ ; χ1 is -F, or -OC3F7; γ1 is -H; a, and b are defined as above; and q is 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6. Also preferred are compounds of Formula (!) wherein Rf is -CF3, -C2F5, or -CF2CFXCF3; X is -F, or - OC3F7; Y is H; R is -(CH ₂ ) _q -; Rf ¹ is -QCF ₂ CFY ¹ -0-Rf ² ; R _f ² is -CF ₃ , - C2F5, -CF ₂ CFX^ CF ₃ ; X^ is -F, or -OC3F7; Y ^" ^ is -H; a, and b are defined as above; and q is 1 , 2, or 3.

Additional preferred compounds of Formula (I) include those wherein Rf is -CF3, -C2F5, or -CF2CFXCF3; X is -F, or -OC3F7; Y is H;

R is -(OCH ₂ CH ₂ ) _i .; R _f 1 is -OCF ₂ CFY -0~Rf ² ; R _f 2 is -CF _3> -C ₂ F ₅ , or

-CF ₂ CFX CF ₃ ; χ1 is -F, or -OC3F7; γ1 is -H; a, and b are defined as above; and t is 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6. Also preferred are compounds of Formula (I) wherein Rf is -CF3, -C2F5, or -CF2CFXCF3; X is -F, or -

OC ₃ F ₇ ; Y is H; R is -(OCH ₂ CH ₂ ) _t -; Rf ¹ is --OCF ₂ CFY ¹ -0-R _f ² ; Rf ² is -

CF ₃ , -C2F5, or -CF2CFX ¹ CF3; X ¹ is -F, or -OC3F7; Y is -H; a, and b are defined as above; and t is 1 , 2, or 3,

Additional preferred compounds of Formula (I) include those wherein Rf is -CF3, -C2F5, or -CF2CFXCF3; X is -F, or -OC3F7; Y is H;

R1 is -(CH ₂ )q(OCH ₂ CH2)i-; Rf ¹ is -OCF ₂ CFY -0-Rf ² ; Rf ² is -CF3, -

C2F5, or -CF ₂ CFX CF3; X ¹ is -F, or -OC3F7; Y is -H; a, and b are defined as above; q is 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6; and t is 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6. Also preferred are compounds of Formula (I) wherein Rf is -CF3, -C ₂ F5, or -

CF2CFXCF3; X is -F, or -OC ₃ F ₇ ; Y is H; R is -(CH ₂ }q(OCH2CH ₂ )t-;

R _f 1 is -OCF2CFY -0-Rf ; Rf is -CF _3l -C ₂ F ₅ , or -CF ₂ CFX1 CF ₃ ; χ1 is

-F, or -OC3F7; is -H; a, and b are defined as above; q is 1 , 2, or 3; and t is 1 , 2, or 3.

Compounds of Formula (I) can be produced in various ways.

Examples of compounds of Formula (I) include, but not limited to,

-(CH ₂ )cp -{OCH ₂ CH ₂ )t-, or -(CH ₂ )q(OCH ₂ CH2)i-

In the present invention, compounds of the present invention of Formula (I), wherein Rf is -CF3, -C ₂ F5, -CF ₂ CFXCF3; X is -F, or -OC3F7; Y is -H, -CI, or -Br and R ¹ is -(CH2) _q -, -(OCH ₂ CH ₂ )t-, or

( ^CH 2)q( ^OCH 2 ^CH 2)r; ^R f ^{1 s} --GCF ₂ CFY -0-Rf ² ; Rf ² is -CF3, -C ₂ F5, -CF2CFXI CF ₃ ; X1 is -F, or -OC3F7; γ1 is -H, -CI, or -Br can be prepared by contacting compounds of Formula (III)

wherein R ¹ is ~(CH ₂ ) _q ~, ~(OCH ₂ CH ₂ )t~, or (CH ₂ ) _q (OCH ₂ CH ₂ ) _t - with one or more of a second perfluorovinyi ether of formula (IV)

wherein Rf1 is -OCF ₂ CFY^ -G-Rf2; wherein Rf2 is -CF3, -C ₂ F5, -

CF ₂ CFX1 CF ₃ ; χ1 is -F, or -OC3F7; γ1 is -H, -CI, or -Br in a solvent and a base. Suitable bases include those known to deprotonate the hydrogen of a phenol. Examples of such bases include, but are not limited to, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, and potassium bicarbonate. Examples of such bases Include, but are not limited to, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, and potassium bicarbonate. Examples of suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, tetrahydrofuran, carbon tetrachloride, and carbon tetrabromide. In Formula (I), when

tetrahydrofuran is the solvent, then is -H. In Formula (I), when carbon tetrachloride is the solvent, then is -CI. In Formula (I), when carbon tetrabromide is the solvent, then Y ^" ^ is -Br. The reaction temperature can be between room temperature and the solvent reflux temperature.

For compounds of Formula (IV), when Rf2 is -CF3, the compound is perfluoromethylvinyl ether of Formula (V)

when Rf2 is -C2F5, the compound is a perfluorovinyl ethyl ether of

Formula (VI)

when Rf2 is -CF2CFXI CF3 and is -F, the compound is a

perf!uoropropyivinyl ether of Formula (VII)

and when Rf2 is -CF2CFX^ CF3 and X ^"5 is -OC3F7, the compound is a perfiuoropropyiviny! ether of Formula (VIII)

Compounds of Formula (MI)

can be prepared by contacting compounds of Formula (IX)

with a first perf!uorovinyl ether of Formula (X)

wherein Rf is ~CF3, -C2F5, -CF2CFXCF3; X is -F, or -OC3F7; and Y is -H, -CI, or -Br.

For compounds of Formula (X), when Rf is -CF3, the compound is perfiuoromethyivinyi ether of Formula (XI)

when Rf is -C2F5, the compound is a perfluorovinyi ethyl ether of Formula (XII)

when Rf is -CF2CFXCF3 and X is -F, the compound is a

perf!uoropropy!viny! ether of Formula (XIII)

and when Rf is -CF2CFXCF3 and X -OC3F7, the compound is a perfluoropropylvinyl ether of Formula (XIV)

In the present invention, Rf and Rfl can be the same or different, X and X^ may be the same or different, and Y and can be the same or different. In the case were the Rf and Rfl and X and X^ are be the same, the first perfiuorovinyl ether of Formula (IV) and the second perf!uorovinyl ether of Formula (X) are the same.

Compounds of the present invention and above defined

embodiments are useful for example, as additives for fluorinated lubricants and as fluorinated solvents.

EXAMPLES

Materials

Perfiuorovinyl ethers 1 ,1 ,1 ,2,2,3,3-heptaf!uoro-3-((1 ,2,2- trifluorovinyl)oxy)propane and 1 ,1 ,1 ,2,2,3,3-heptafluoro-3-(1 ,1 ,1 ,2,3,3- hexafiuoro-3-(1 ,2,2trifluoroviny!oxy)propan-2-y!oxy)propane are commercially available from E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Wilmington, DE. Ail other reactants, unless otherwise specified, are available from Sigma-A!drich, St. Louis, MO.

Example 1

1 -(1 ,1 ,2-trifluoro-2-(1 ,1 ,2,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-

(perfluoropropoxy)propoxy)ethoxy)-4-((1 ,1 ,2-trifluoro-2-(1 ,1 ,2,3,3,3- hexafIuoro-2-(perfiuoropropoxy)propoxy)ethoxy)methyi)benzene

In a dry box, tetrahydrofuan (50 mL) and 4-(hydroxymethyi)phenoI (0.62 g, 0.005 mol) were added to a round bottom flask equipped with a stirrer. Potassium carbonate (0.345 g, 0.0025 mol) was then added to the flask. 1 ,1 ,1 ,2,2,3,3-Heptaf!uoro-3-(1 , 1 ,1 ,2,3,3-hexafiuoro-3- (1 ,2,2trifluorovinyloxy)propan-2-yloxy)propane (3.24 g, 0.0075 mol) was then added via the addition funnel and the reaction was placed in an oil bath and heated to a gentle reflux over 2 days. The content was analyzed by proton NMR and shown to be (4-(1 ,1 ,2-trifluoro-2-(1 ,1 ,2,3,3,3- hexafluoro-2- (perfluoropropoxy)propoxy)ethoxy)phenyi)methanol.

in the dry box, tetrahydrofuan (10 mL) and 4-(hydroxymethyl)pheno (2.5 g, 0.0201 mol) were added to a round bottom flask equipped with a stirrer. Potassium carbonate (1 .38 g, 0.01 mol) was then added to the flask. 1 ,1 ,1 ,2,2,3,3-Heptafluoro-3-(1 ,1 ,1 ,2,3,3-hexafiuoro-3- (1 ,2,2trifluorovinyloxy)propan-2-yloxy)propane (326.1 g, 0.065 mol) was then added via the addition funnel and the reaction was placed in an oil bath and heated to a gentle reflux overnight. The content was analyzed by proton NMR and shown to be 1 -(1 ,1 ,2-trifiuoro-2-(1 ,1 ,2,3,3,3- hexafluoro-2-(perfiuoropropoxy)propoxy)ethoxy)-4-((1 ,1 ,2-trifluoro~2- (1 ,1 ,2,3,3, 3-hexafluoro-2-

(perfluoropropoxy)propoxy)ethoxy)methyl)benzene.