Field Of The Invention The present invention relates generally to portable steam generating devices. More specifically, the present invention relates to a hand held portable steamer that exhausts a stream of pressurized water vapor to remove wrinkles from fabric.

Background Of The Invention Steam has historically been used in the textile manufacturing processes. Vaporizatior of a fabric enables a knit or woven fabric to relax from tensions incurred during the fabric's weaving process. Furthermore, steam lubricates the fabric's loops or stitches, permitting the loops and stitches to return to their normal relaxed state. As a result, wrinkles are removed.

Steam is employed to fabrics throughout their lifetime to enhance the aesthetics of the fabrics final form. For example, industrial finishing machinery employ steam to nobelize (improve the texture of) and remove wrinkles from the initial rolls of fabric. Subsequently, merchandisers employ steam to remove wrinkles from garments that are to be displayed for

sale in department stores. Finally, consumers utilize portable garment steamers with the goal of removing wrinkles that arise from everyday wear.

Portable hand-held steaming typically exhaust only spontaneous or atmospheric pressure steam. Moreover, these portable steamers fail to reach any appreciable pressure.

Thus, prior art portable steamer emit steam at 100 °C or less. The resulting lack of steam temperature and pressure restricts the efficiency of these prior art portable steamers to remove wrinkles from fabrics in a satisfactory manner and within a reasonable time period.

Accordingly, there is a long felt need for an efficient portable steamer that removes wrinkles from fabrics in a satisfactory manner and within a reasonable time period.

Summary Of The Invention One embodiment of the present invention provides for a portable steamer comprising a container capable of maintaining a fluid disposed therein, under pressure. The portable steamer further comprises a heating element disposed within a portion of the container. The heating element provides energy that causes the fluid disposed within the container to elevate to a temperature greater than the fluid's vapor temperature. Moreover, the pressure generated from the rising fluid temperature causes an increase in the pressure experienced within the container. At a certain point, the pressure within the container reaches a pressure that is greater than the fluid's vapor pressure. Once these temperatures and pressures are achieved, a nozzle attached to the container may selectively release the fluid contents from the container.

In particular embodiments, the fluid generated within the container is superheated water.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the hand-held portable steamer comprises a multi-canister container. More specifically, the multi-canister container

comprises a reservoir canister and an outer canister. Positioned between the reservoir canister and the outer canister is an insulation layer. The multi-canister container further comprises a cap that is reversibly detachable from the steamer.

In yet another embodiment, a method is recited for removing wrinkles from fabrics using a steamer of the present invention. The method comprises the steps of providing a container capable of withstanding pressures of between 1.0 atmosphere and 10.0 atmospheres and having an amount of water disposed therein, generating superheated water, and exhausting the superheated water onto a fabric.

A technical advantage of one embodiment of the present invention is that superheated water is generated in a hand-held portable steamer device.

Description Of The Drawings Other objects of the present invention, and many of the attendant advantages thereof will be readily appreciated as the same become better understood with reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals designate like parts throughout the figures thereof and wherein: FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a steamer in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a diagram view of a power cord for attachment to one steamer embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a heating system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention; and

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a water level monitoring system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description Of The Invention The following detailed description should be read with reference to the drawings, in which like elements in different drawings are numbered identically. The drawings, which are not necessarily to scale, depict selected embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Examples of constructions, materials, dimensions, and manufacturing processes are provided for selected elements. Those skilled in the art will recognize that many of the examples provided have suitable alternatives that may be utilized. It is also to be understood that the same or equivalent functions may be accomplished by different embodiments that are also intended to be encompassed within the scope and function of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a is a cross-sectional view of a steamer apparatus 10 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. The steamer 10 generally comprises a container 12, a heating element 14 and a nozzle 16. Aspects of these elements enable the steamer embodiments of the present invention to generate superheated water within the steamer's container 12, which in turn may be released through the container's nozzle 16, forming a powerful stream of water vapor.

Referring now to the particular embodiments, Fig. 1 depicts a steamer container 12 in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. The container 12 illustrated is generally cylindrically shaped. The cylindrically shaped body is only one of many shapes that the steamer apparatus 10 may comprise. Additional container 12 shapes, being known in the art

for containing a liquid under pressure, are additionally incorporated herein as being within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

The cylindrically shaped based body illustrated in Fig. 1 further comprises a base 18 and a top 20. The base 18 of the container 12 is preferably flat. A flat container base 18 enables the base 18 to remain in an upright position when not in use (in the hands of an operator). The top 20 of the container 12 may accommodate numerous shapes. Ill particular, the top 20 of the container 12 may comprise shapes of ornamental, as well as functional nature.

The steamer canister 12 in Fig. 1 is further depicted as comprising two sections-a top section 22 and a bottom section 24. The top section 22 of the steamer 18 forms a cap 26 that may be reversibly detached from the remaining body portion of the steamer 10. Once the top section 22 is detached, an operator may gain entry, and furthermore, examine the steamer's contents. For example, an operator may add water or other fluid into the main body portion of the steamer 10 while the top section 22 is removed. An operator may additionally clean the inside of the steamer 16 while the top section 22 is removed.

In one embodiment, the top section 22 may be secured to the bottom section 24 by threading portions of both the top section 22 and bottom section 24 of the container 12 together. Threading one thread set to the top section 22 and a complementary thread set to the bottom section 24 permit the two sections to secure and seal together. To aid in sealing the top section 22 to the bottom section 24 of the container 12, a gasket 28 may be positioned between the two sections. Rubber, or other polymeric gasket materials known in the art, may provide a pressure tight seal at the union between the top section 22 and the bottom section 24 of the steamer 10. In an alternate embodiment, the top section 22 and the bottom section 24

may be secured through a clamping mechanism 30, as depicted in Fig. 1. Alternative securing mechanisms, known in the art, are also incorporated into the present invention.

The steamer container 12 may also incorporate a unitary canister design. The unitary canister design generally lacks a fissure along the steamer's 10 body. The steamer 10, therefore, incorporates a one-way valve into the canister's unitary design housing in order to accommodate the refilling of the steamer 10. The one-way valve is generally disposed at the top of the container, however, other locations on the steamer's canister 12 are additionally possible. The one-way valve permits the insertion of water into the steamer 10 through the one-way valve, but prohibits the egress of the water through the same. Moreover, the one- way valve prevents such water egress under extreme temperatures and pressures, which are discussed in detail below.

The steamer 10, may incorporate a single container, or alternatively, comprise a multiple canister design. A multiple canister steamer generally includes a series of canisters disposed within one another. In one embodiment, the steamer 10 utilizes two canisters, where one canister is disposed within the other canister-as specifically depicted in Fig. 1. More specifically, the two canister embodiment depicted in Fig. 1 includes a first reservoir canister 32 disposed within a second outer canister 34.

The reservoir canister 32 is the portion of the steamer 10 that holds the water disposed within the steamer apparatus 10. The reservoir canister 32 illustrated in Fig. 1 is cylindrically shaped and possesses a top end and a bottom end. As with the overall shape of the steamer 10, the reservoir canister may include other shapes, known in the art, capable of confining a fluid under pressure. According to an embodiment, because the water is heated to elevated temperatures and pressures, the reservoir canister 32 needs to be formed from materials

suitable of withstanding such strenuous conditions. For example, materials suitable for the reservoir canister 32 needs to withstand temperatures of up to approximately 180 °C and the pressures of up to approximately 10 atmospheres.

In particular embodiments, the materials selected for the reservoir canister 32 enhance the thermodynamics driving the steam generating process. More specifically, materials are selected for the reservoir canister 32 that enhance rather than inhibit the water's ability to obtain elevated temperatures quickly. In particular steamer 10 embodiments, the reservoir canister 32 comprises a glass material having a thin, polished metallic layer disposed over at least a portion of the inner surface or the outer surface of the glass material. In an alternative steamer 10 embodiment, the reservoir canister 32 comprises a ceramic material having a thin, polished metallic layer disposed over at least a portion of the inner surface of the ceramic.

Certain glass and ceramic materials are particularly suited for the reservoir canister 32 because of their ability to minimize heat transfer.

The polished metallic surfaces lining the glass and ceramic reservoir canister 32 embodiments, aid in reflecting the infrared radiation emitted from the heated water within the reservoir canister 32. Thus, the heat generated within the reservoir canister 32 is focussed primarily on elevating the temperature of the water disposed therein, and not in heating the reservoir canister 32 itself.

In yet further steamer 10 embodiments, thermoconductive materials are used in forming the reservoir canister 32. Suitable materials comprising the reservoir canister 32 include titanium, stainless steel, aluminum, and alloys and mixtures thereof. In these embodiments of the present invention, it is desirable to heat the water disposed within the reservoir canister 32, as well as the reservoir canister 32 itself. Alternatively, in particular

steamer 10 embodiments, the water disposed within the reservoir canister 32 is heated primarily by convection, conduction and radiation energy transferred from the reservoir canister 32.

Since embodiments of the reservoir canister 32 may be thermoconductive, the reservoir canister 32 may obtain steam generating temperatures that would prohibit an operator from safely handling the reservoir canister 32. The outer canister 34, therefore, is included in part to shield the elevated temperatures of the reservoir canister 32 from the operator of the steamer 10. Thus, even though water inside the reservoir canister 32 is very hot when the unit is ready for normal use, the outer canister 34 is still at room temperature and can be manipulated safely.

In one embodiment of the present invention, materials are selected for the outer canister 34 that are capable of minimizing heat transfer associated with convection, conduction and radiation from the reservoir canister 32. Materials particularly suitable for this purpose are generally characterized as: (1) having low thermal conductivity, (2) having high reflectivity for infrared wavelengths, (3) are highly resistant to high temperature and high pressures and (4) are relatively ductile.

The outer canister 34 further serves as a protective casing for the steamer apparatus 10. Hardened materials are desirable for the outer canister 34 to prevent puncturing, or other events that might compromise the structural integrity of the reservoir canister 32. As such, the outer canister 34 may comprise particular thermoplastic and thermoset polymers such as nylon and similar polyamides, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyimide (PI), polyetherimide (PEI), and polyether block amide (PEBA).

The outer canister 34 may also comprise various metals, metal alloys, or other materials possessing electrical conductivity. Materials possessing good electrical conductivity permit the outer canister 34 to ground the steamer 10 while the heating element 14 is being energized. Although useful for safety considerations, the use of electrically conductive materials for the outer canister 34 is not essential for the steamer's 10 operation.

In certain embodiments, an insulative layer 36 is disposed between the reservoir canister 32 and the outer canister 34. This insulative layer 36 may provide additional heat buffering to the outer canister 34, or alternatively, the insulative layer 36 may be the sole source of heat insulation between the reservoir canister 32 and the steamer's 10 operator. In certain embodiments, the entire reservoir canister 32 is surrounded by the insulative layer 36.

In alternative embodiments, however, only portions of the insulative material 36 encase the reservoir canister 32. Examples of materials comprising the insulative layer 36 include fiberglass, air and certain polymeric materials such as polystyrene, polyurethane, and certain thermoset polymers.

The temperature of the water in the steamer 10 is elevated using a heating element 14.

In particular embodiments, at least a portion of the heating element 14 is contained within the reservoir canister 32. The circuitry used in energizing the heating element 14 is generally contained outside of the reservoir canister 32, but within the outer canister 34. The heating element 14 circuitry, and the manner in which the circuitry is powered, is described in detail below with reference to Figs. 2,3 and 4.

The heating element 14 can be made from any material having the appropriate electrical resistance to heat water up to 180 °C. Preferred heating element 14 materials include carbon doped with different periodic elements and nichrome (nickel-chromium-iron

alloy). Additional heating element 14 materials, being known in the art, are additionally incorporated herein as being within the spirit and scope of the present invention. The heating element 14 may be disposed within a metal casing (made of stainless steel, for example), imbedded in an electrically insulating material or any other type of casing to prevent unwanted chemical reactions between the heating element 14 and water.

In particular embodiments, the heating element 14 is wire or coil-shaped. In alternative embodiments, the heating element 14 may be disposed within a metal plate positioned at the bottom, or integrated into the bottom, of the reservoir canister 32. Typically, the heating element 14 is disposed at the bottom of the reservoir canister 32. Positioning the heating element 14 at this location optimizes the ability for water contained within the reservoir canister 32 to remain in contact with the heating element 14 while the steamer 10 is at rest. The heating element 14 may also heat the reservoir canister 32 itself, in addition to the water disposed within the reservoir canister 32, in particular embodiments. Maintaining the reservoir canister 32 at an elevated temperature enhances the thermodynamic principles behind the creation of superheated water.

Superheated water is water that has been heated above its vapor temperature (100 °C), but because of elevated pressures greater than normal atmospheric pressure, the water remains in a liquid phase. Superheated water is generated by the steamer apparatus 10 of the present invention by heating a quantity of water (such as tap water) deposited within the steamer's reservoir canister 32. The reservoir canister 32 seals the water within the steamer 10, allowing energy supplied to the heating element 14 to elevate the water's temperature.

Because the steamer's canister 12 is sealed, as the temperature increases, so does the pressure

within the reservoir canister 32. Eventually, the elevated temperature and pressure within the reservoir canister 32 generates the superheated water.

Water expands approximately 1,700 times when it changes from its liquid phase to its vapor phase. In illustration, 0.1 cubic centimeters of water expands to approximately 170 cubic centimeters of water vapor. Thus, a relatively small amount of water generates a large quantity of water vapor or steam. Additionally, superheated water converts more efficiently to water vapor than water vapor generated from water at atmospheric pressure. More specifically, superheated water converts immediately to water vapor when exposed to atmospheric temperatures and pressures.

Steamer 10 embodiments of the present invention permit the expansion of superheated water at, or in close proximity to, the point where the superheated water exits from the steamer 10 into the atmosphere. Steamers of the present invention, therefore, do not require an area within the steamer itself to accommodate the expansion of water into water vapor.

Thus, the area within the steamer is used primarily to alter water into its superheated form- from a liquid form to another liquid form. Prior art inventions, in contrast, generate water vapor from water within their steamer's container-from a liquid form to an expansive vapor form. Only subsequent to the formation of the water vapor, do the prior art steamers release their generated water vapor into the atmosphere. As a result, prior art steamers require larger- sized containers to permit the expansion of water to water vapor.

The steamers 10 embodiments of the present invention, therefore, are capable of being more compact than prior art steamers. Accordingly, in certain embodiments, the reservoir canister 32 has a working total volume of between approximately 15.0 cubic centimeters to

approximately 200 cubic centimeters in area. In alternative embodiments, the reservoir canister 32 has a working volume greater than 200 cubic centimeters.

According to an embodiment, the entire steamer 10, including the reservoir canister 32, heating element 14 circuitry and outer canister 34, may have a working volume of between approximately 22.5 cubic centimeters to 300 cubic centimeters in area. A steamer 10 embodiment having a total volume of 22.5 cubic centimeters would be approximately 5.0 centimeters in length and approximately 2.4 centimeters in diameter. Similarly, a steamer 10 embodiment having a total volume of 120 cubic centimeters would be approximately 12 centimeters in length and approximately 3.5 centimeters in diameter. In yet another steamer 10 embodiment possessing a total volume of 300 cubic centimeters, the steamer 10 would be approximately 15.0 centimeters in length and approximately 5.0 centimeters in diameter. In alternative embodiments of the present invention, the steamer 10 may possesses working volumes greater than 300 cubic centimeters in area.

The nozzle 16 of the steamer 10 selectively releases superheated water from the confines of the reservoir canister. When the nozzle 16 is activated, the superheated water travels out through the nozzle 16 into the atmosphere, where the superheated water turns into a powerful stream of water vapor having a continuous, lasting and elevated flow rate. A multistage nozzle is specifically depicted with reference to Fig. 1. Although a multi-stage nozzle is specifically illustrated, other nozzles 16 capable of selectively releasing superheated water are also incorporated as being within the spirit and scope of the invention.

In particular to the embodiment illustrated, a tubular member 38 having a proximal end 40, a distal end 42 and a lumen extending the length therethrough is positioned within a portion of the reservoir canister 32. The distal end 42 of the tubular member 38 opens in

close proximity to the bottom of the reservoir canister 32. Positioning the tubular member's distal end 42 in this orientation provides enhanced uptake of the superheated fluid disposed within the reservoir canister 32. In particular, the close proximity of the tubular member's distal end 42 to the reservoir canister's bottom end enables the tubular member's distal end 42 to reach the superheated fluid while the steamer 10 is at rest. In alternate embodiments, the tubular member's distal end 42 may be bent toward the portion of the reservoir canister where the sides of the reservoir canister 32 meet the reservoir canister's bottom end.

The tubular member's proximal end 40 opens into the steamer's spring chamber 44.

The spring chamber 44 is a cylindrically shaped vessel having a proximal end 46, a distal end 48 and an spring 50 disposed therein. The distal end 48 of the spring chamber 44 is fluidly connected to the proximal end 40 of the tubular member 38. Superheated water traverses proximally through the tubular member 38 where it is subsequently deposited within the spring chamber 44. In certain embodiments, the spring chamber 44 may also be heated to help maintain the superheated water in a liquid phase. This feature is particularly useful when superheated water is initially drawn into the spring chamber 44. When superheated fluid is first introduced into the spring chamber 44, the lower temperatures within the spring chamber 44 could causes the entering superheated water to cool. If the cooling of the superheated water is significant, the superheated water may prematurely expand from a liquid phase to a vapor phase. Heating the spring chamber 44 reduces the possibility of premature cooling of the superheated water.

Located at the proximal end 46 of the spring chamber 44 is a lumen having a portion of an applicator nozzle 16 disposed therethrough.

The applicator nozzle 16 includes a head segment 52 and a tail segment 54. The tail segment of the applicator nozzle 16 enters through the lumen formed at the proximal end 46 of the spring chamber 44. The outer diameter of the applicator nozzle's tail segment 54 generally mimics the diameter of the lumen formed through the proximal end 46 of the spring chamber 44. As such, a seal is formed between the applicator nozzle's tail segment 54 and the lumen in the spring chamber 44. In alternative embodiments, a gasket, or similar device aiding in the formation of a pressure seal, is disposed around the spring chamber's 44 lumen.

This seal permits movement of the nozzle's tail segment 54 through the spring chamber's 44 lumen without permitting egress of superheated water through the same.

Disposed at the distal end of the applicator nozzle's tail segment 54 is an enlarged tip 56. The enlarged tip 56 has a diameter greater than the lumen's opening at the proximal end 46 of the spring chamber 44. As such, the enlarged tip 56 prohibits the applicator nozzle 16 from separating from the spring chamber 44, as well as from the steamer 10 itself. The enlarged tip 56 is engaged by the spring 50 disposed within the spring chamber 44. The spring 50 provides a force against the enlarged tip 56 that, at rest, forces the enlarged tip 56 against the proximal end 46 of the spring chamber 44. A positive force applied to the applicator nozzle 16, therefore, depresses a portion of the applicator nozzle's tail segment 54 into the spring chamber 44.

Extending through the applicator nozzle is a lumen having a proximal end 58 and a distal end 60. The proximal end 58 of the lumen terminates within the applicator nozzle's head segment 52. The distal end 60 of the lumen, in contrast, terminates within the applicator nozzle's tail segment 54. According to an embodiment, the proximal end 58 of the lumen has a opening with a diameter of approximately 1.0 millimeter to approximately 3.0 millimeters

wide. An opening of approximately 1.0 millimeter permits an expulsion rate of water vapor of approximately 250 cubic centimeters per second. Likewise, an opening of approximately 3.0 millimeters permits an expulsion rate of water vapor of approximately 2,000 cubic centimeters per second.

In certain embodiments, as the lumen extends distally from its proximal-most end 58 within the head segment 52, the lumen's diameter decreases. In one embodiment, the diameter of the distal end 60 of the lumen, is approximately 0.1 millimeters to approximately 0.5 millimeters. Openings larger than approximately 0.5 millimeters tend to empty the container of superheated water too quickly. In contrast, openings smaller than approximately 0.1 millimeters tend to reduce the amount of vapor expelled below functional levels.

Moreover, openings smaller than approximately 0.1 millimeters tend to have expulsion rates greater than 343 meters per second. Therefore, openings having diameters greater than or less than those ranges described above, would tend to make the steamer 10 less effective and more difficult to control, however, can still be used according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The decrease in lumen diameter between the lumen's proximal end 58 to the lumen's distal end 60 may be gradual along the lumen's length. Alternatively, the diameter change may be abrupt at particular points along the lumen's length.

The distal end 60 of the lumen terminates at a location in the applicator nozzle's tail segment 54 just proximal the enlarged tip 56 disposed on the tail segment's 54 distal most end. In particular embodiments, the lumen's distal end 60 opens on the side of the applicator nozzle's tail segment 54. This positioning exposes the distal lumen opening 60 to the inside of the spring chamber 44 only while the applicator nozzle 16 is depressed. In contrast, while

at rest, the distal lumen opening 60 is blocked by the proximal end 46 of the spring chamber 44, or alternatively, the distal lumen opening 60 is located entirely outside of the spring chamber 44.

Water vapor is released from the steamer 10 of the present invention in a manner similar to the way paint is released from a spray can. A spray can utilizes a liquid propellant that has an equilibrium vapor pressure that is many times greater than atmospheric pressure at room temperature. Consequently, when the nozzle of the spray can is activated, the high vapor pressure within the spray can forces the liquid propellant and paint up the tube and out the nozzle as a spray. In the case of the present invention, however, the liquid propellant is replaced by water at an elevated temperature and pressure-or superheated water. Thus, water is both the propellant (superheated water) and the exhausted active product (a stream of water vapor).

With reference to the multi-stage nozzle depicted in Figure 1, a change in the equilibrium pressure within the canister arises when the head section of the applicator nozzle 16 is depressed. Depressing the head section 52 of the applicator nozzle 16 causes the tail section 54 of the applicator nozzle 16 to enter the spring chamber 44. Once the applicator nozzle lumen establishes fluid communication between the outside atmosphere and the spring chamber 44, a pressure imbalance is created. Since superheated water possesses an equilibrium vapor pressure higher than atmospheric pressure, the shift in equilibrium pressure forces the superheated water out of the steamer 10. More specifically, the superheated fluid travels up through the tubular member 38, into the spring chamber 44, and through the applicator nozzle's 16 lumen. At a point in the applicator nozzle's 16 lumen, the superheated water changes from its liquid phase and enters into a vapor phase. This phase change results

from the superheated water experiencing a sharp reduction in pressure and temperature as it exits the confines of the reservoir container 32.

As described above, superheated water expands approximately 1,700 times when the superheated water changes from its liquid phase to its vapor phase. Thus, when superheated water expands from its liquid phase to its vapor phase in the form of water vapor, the subsequent water vapor streams out from the applicator nozzle 16 at a voluminous rate.

The nozzle 16 may incorporate numerous applicator nozzle styles in order to direct the stream of rapidly expanding water vapor. The shape of the nozzle 16 shown in Fig. 1, is just one many applicator nozzles styles suitable for the present invention. Other applicator nozzle styles include ones having a plurality of holes and an elongated slit. Alternatively, certain steamer 10 embodiments may incorporate an applicator nozzle 16 that varies the aperture of the exiting hole automatically to adapt to different water temperatures and pressures. Such a system may include an iris type device controlled by a motor that changes the size of the iris hole (or holes or slit width) to a size calibrated against the set water temperature and corresponding pressure.

Referring now to Fig. 2, wherein a power cord 70 is illustrated for attachment to one steamer 10 embodiment of the present invention. In certain embodiments, a power cord 70 is utilized to power the steamer apparatus 10. A lead plug 72 is position at one end of the power cord 70 for mating with conventional 120 volt alternative current outlets having a ground lead. The other end of the power cord 70 may possess a power outlet 74. In certain embodiments, the power outlet 74 is permanently affixed to the steamer apparatus 10. In alternative embodiments, however, the power outlet 74 reversibly mates with a power inlet 80 disposed within the steamer apparatus 10, depicted in Figs. 1 and 3.

In some power cord 70 embodiments, a transformer 76 may be connected to the power cord 70. The transformer 76 permits the stepping up or down of voltage through the power cord 70. The transformer 76 may also be utilized in transforming alternate current into direct current prior to entering the steamer apparatus 10.

A switch 78 may be installed along the length of the power cord 70 to regulate the power reaching the steamer apparatus 10. In alternate embodiments, power is regulated to the steamer apparatus 10 by disconnecting the power cord 70 from either the steamer apparatus 10 (power inlet 80) or the 120 volt current outlet.

In alternative embodiments, the steamer apparatus 10 is powered by batteries. In battery powered steamer 10 embodiments, the power inlet 80 is replaced with a cavity for receiving a quantity of batteries that power the steamer 10.

Fig. 3 illustrates the circuitry controlling a water temperature control system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Power initially enters the steamer apparatus 10 through the power inlet 80. For steamer apparatus 10 that utilize 120 volt current, a wire 82 is provided to ground the steamer apparatus 10. In particular, the wire 82 is connected to the outer canister 34.

Power entering the steamer apparatus 10 may be altered by passing the current through a transformer 84. Transformers 84 positioned within the steamer 10 adjust the incoming current to accommodate the requirements of the heating element 14 and the temperature control system 86. In certain embodiments, a fuse system 88 is utilized in tandem with the transformer 84. The fuse system 88 prevents fluctuations in power entering the steamer apparatus 10 from damaging the heating element 14 and the temperature control system 86.

More specifically, the fuse system 88 prevents power fluctuations associated with power surges or short circuits.

In yet a further embodiment, the power section, including the power socket 80, the transformer 84, the fuse system 88 and the ground lead 82, may be part of a separate base that the steamer 10 is inserted within to energize the steamer's heating element 14.

Power required to energize the heating element is delivered through a temperature control system 86. In one embodiment of the present invention, a bimetallic strip system is utilized for temperature control. The bimetallic strip system comprises of at least a bimetallic strip 90, a contact metallic strip 92 and a strength adjustment knob 94. In particular embodiments, the contact metallic strip 92 is attached to the strength adjustment knob 94.

The bimetallic strip 90 is made of two thin segments of metal having different coefficients of thermal expansion. In certain embodiments, the two thin segments of metal are brass and steel. These two segments of metal are generally welded or riveted together to form the single bimetallic strip 90.

When the bimetallic strip 90 is heated, one segment of the bimetallic strip 90 expands more that the other segment. For example, a thin segment of brass will expand more than a steel segment. Positioning the brass segment of the bimetallic strip 90 facing the contact strip 92 causes the bimetallic strip 90 to bend in an arc-shaped manner, as depicted in Fig. 3, when heated.

The strength adjustment knob 94 pushes more or less (depending on its position) on the contact strip 92. Turning the strength knob 94 adjusts the heating time by adjusting the distance through which the bimetallic strip 90 must bend before the contact points separate.

The strength adjustment knob 94 may be used to define particular operating temperatures, or

alternatively, the strength adjustment knob 94 may be used to define a broad range of operating temperatures for the steamer 10.

When the water temperature is below a set temperature, the bimetallic strip 90 and the contact strip 92 are in contact with one another. This contact position permits current to travel through the heating element 14. Moreover, when current is permitted to travel through the heating element 14, it must first traverse through an indicator light 96. Positioning an indicator light 96 on the electrical pathway enables the operator to know whether the heating element 14 is being energized. If the indicator light 96 is off, then the operator knows that superheated water has been generated, and the steamer 10 is ready for operation. In contrast, when the indicator light 96 is on, this notifies the operator that the water within the steamer 10 is at a temperature insufficient for optimal use.

An alternative temperature control system 86 embodiment of the present invention utilizes a thermocouple. Thermocouples generate a direct current voltage proportional to their temperature. When the voltage generated by a thermocouple reaches a predetermined, calibrated value, a sensing circuit sends an electrical signal to open a switch that effectively stops the current flowing through the heating element 14. When the water temperature decreases to a predetermined value, voltage from the thermocouple decreases to reach a lowest predetermined value. At this point, the sensing circuit closes the switch, allowing current to flow through the heating element 14 until the temperature rises to a highest predetermined value. At this point, the sensing circuit again turns off the switch, stopping the current through the heating element 14 again. This process is repeated to maintain the temperature of the water in the steamer 10 at its desirable superheated levels.

The bimetallic strip system and thermocouple system are only a couple of methods useful for thermally regulating the temperature of the heating element 14. Additional thermal regulating systems, being known in the art, are additionally incorporated herein as being within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Fig. 4 shows a water level sensing system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. For safety reasons, according to an embodiment, power to the steamer's heating element 14 is terminated when an insufficient water level is maintained within the reservoir canister 52. The inclusion of a water level sensing system monitors the water level within the reservoir canister and prevents the energizing of the heating element 14 when the water level is low.

The water level sensing system, as depicted in Fig. 4, comprises, in part, of a water level electrical box 100 and a buoyant ball 102. The electrical box 100 is water tight to prevent electrical shortages and other electrical conduction effects. Two wires, an upper wire 104 and a lower wire 106, enter the electrical box 100. Inside the box 100, both the upper wire 104 and the lower wire 106 are in a rigid and immobile state. A ball 102, having a lower density than water, is attached at the end of a metallic rod 108 or rigid wire which is electrically connected to the lower wire 106 in such a way that it may rotate around a fixed point at the end of the lower wire. This ball 102 is positioned outside the electrical box 100 so that it can be buoyantly pushed by the water disposed within the reservoir canister 32.

When the water level rises in the reservoir canister 32, the ball 102 buoyantly moves up and opens the circuit, shutting down electrical power to the indicator light 110. When the ball 102 lowers significantly, however, the end of the metallic rod 108, to which the ball 102 is attached, contacts the upper wire 104. This then forms an electrical connection between the

lower wire 106 and the upper wire 104 that activates the indicator light. In a further embodiment, current flowing through the heating element 14 may be terminated when the upper wire 104 and the lower wire 106 connect.

In another embodiment, the water level detection system comprises two electrical wires positioned at a predetermined level within the reservoir canister (not shown). The two electrical wires are coated, except at their tips, with an insulating material. This selective coating prevents conduction from occurring at any locations other than at the tips of the two wires. When water covers the two tips, there is a conductive current between the two insulated wires. In this state, a switch is opened that prevents electrical power through the indicator light. When there is no water between the two tips, however, no conduction occurs between the two insulated wires. As a result, the switch is closed sending current to illuminate the indicator light. hi an alternative embodiment, the water level detection system could be battery powered. With a battery power water level detection system, the indicator light 110 may be illuminated when the water lever is low irrespective of whether the steamer 10 is connected to a power outlet. Alternately, these electrical systems can be replaced by a window with a line for low water level indication. In this embodiment, the operator can manually check the water level within the reservoir canister 32 by eyesight.

The powerful streams of water vapor generated by the steamers 10 of the present invention may be used for many purposes. For example, steamers 10 utilizing superheated water may be used for: removing wrinkles from fabrics and garments, cleaning and sanitizing household surfaces, defrosting frozen locks, or humidifying rooms, among others.

Steam is extensively used in removing wrinkles from fabrics and garments. A steamer 10 of the present invention would operate in the following manner in order to remove wrinkles from a garment. First, water (generally tap water) is added to the reservoir canister 32 while the top section 22 is removed. Enough water should be added so that the water level is well above the minimum water level indicator position (approximately 0.1 liter of water in one embodiment of the present invention). It is expected that with a container 12 capacity of about 150 cc of water, at least a complete suit (including coat, slacks and a shirt) could have their wrinkles removed using a steamer 10 of the present invention. The top section 22 is then secured in place to the remaining portions of the steamer 10 using a clamping system 30, or any other method of securing safely the top part on the bottom part. Power to the steamer 10 is then supplied. In one embodiment of the present invention, a power cord 70 is utilized to supply 120 volt current from a household outlet. As soon as energy is supplied, the indicator light 96 above the strength adjustment knob should illuminate.

The water temperature inside the steamer 10 elevates due to the energy provided by the heating element 14. The temperature of the water quickly reaches a value set by the temperature control system 86. According to an embodiment, temperatures of between approximately 212 °F and approximately 293 °F (or 100 °C and 145 °C corresponding to pressures between 1.0 and 5.5 atmospheres) are preferred for removing wrinkles from garments. Alternatively, the steamer 10 of the present invention may have two settings, one for low pressures (115 °C) and one for high pressures (145 °C). The higher pressures (3.5 to 5.5 atmospheres) are better used with thick fabric, whereas the lower pressures (1 to 3.5 atmospheres) are better for delicate tissues.

The indicator light 96 should remain illuminated until the temperature and pressure within the steamer 10 has generated superheated water. Once superheated water has been generated, the indicator light 96 will turn off. The steamer 10 can then be unplugged from the power cable and is ready for use.

For best results, it is recommended that the steamer 10 of the present invention be placed approximately 10 centimeters to approximately 30 centimeters away from the front of the fabric to be treated. Further adjustments to the steamer 10 may be available, depending on the steamer 10 embodiment utilized. For example, the applicator nozzle 16 may be changed to adapt for different pressures. An applicator nozzle 16 with a smaller hole is to be used at lower pressure to avoid spraying water on delicate fabrics.

All references, patents and publications described herein are hereby incorporated by refere to the same extent as if each individual reference, patent or publication was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference.

One skilled in the art would readily appreciate that the present invention is well adapted to carry out the objects and obtain the ends and technical advantages mentioned, as well as those inherent therein. The specific systems and methods described herein as presently representative of preferred embodiments are exemplary and are not intended as limitations on the scope of the invention. Changes therein and other uses will occur to those skilled in the art which are encompassed within the spirit of the invention are defined by the scope of the claims.

It will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the invention disclosed herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.

For example, those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention may suitably be

practiced using a variety of different access methods such as wireless web devices and are within the general descriptions provided.

The invention illustratively described herein suitably may be practiced in the absence of any element or elements, limitation or limitations which is not specifically disclosed herein.

The terms and expressions which have been employed are used as terms of description and not of limitation, and there is not intention that in the use of such terms and expressions of excluding any equivalents of the features shown and described or portions thereof, but it is recognized that various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention claimed.

Thus, it should be understood that although the present invention has been specifically disclosed by preferred embodiments and optional features, modification and variation of the concepts herein disclosed may be resorted to by those skilled in the art, and that such modifications and variations are considered to be within the scope of this invention as defined by the appended claims.

In addition, where features or aspects of the invention are described in terms of Markush groups or other grouping of alternatives, those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention is also thereby described in terms of any individual member or subgroup of members of the Markush group or other group. For example, if there are alternatives A, B, and C, all of the following possibilities are included: A separately, B separately, C separately, A and B, A and C, B and C, and A and B and C.