“PREFABRICATED SYSTEM OF THE BEAM-PILLAR TYPE”

Technical field

The present invention relates to a prefabricated system of the beam-pillar type, for use in the building industry, in particular in renovation works on existing buildings. For example, the invention proposed herein can be used in thermal/acoustic insulation and/or anti-seismic works on buildings. Thermal insulation on the outside or inside of a building has the main purpose of reducing the heat exchange between the inside and the outside of the building, encouraging savings from an energy point of view. The invention proposed herein can be used in anti-seismic renovation, breakout resistance and lightning protection works.

Background art

“Cage” constructions are already known, which can be used in the renovation of existing buildings.

The Applicant has already developed a construction method and a“cage” structure formed by a plurality of horizontal modular panels each of which has at one end a cavity adapted to house an iron rebar into which hardening material is cast to create a column or pillar.

The horizontal panels can then be arranged in at least two configurations:

- a first configuration in which the panels are alongside one another so as to have the two iron rebars adjacent to obtain two adjacent load- bearing columns or a column with a double dimension;

- a second configuration in which the panels are alongside one another so that each iron rebar is never adjacent to the iron rebar of the panel next to it.

This solution is described in Italian patent 1402792.

The main seismic adaptation solutions known to date envisage intervening with excavations and masonry made of reinforced concrete or with the provision of screwed iron beams and insulated modules (the so-called“dry method”). However, these are laborious solutions and are marked by long implementation times.

In practice, the various known solutions do not completely tackle the many requirements of renovation.

Disclosure of the invention

In this context, the object of the present invention is to make available a prefabricated system of the beam-pillar type which overcomes the problems of the prior art cited above.

In particular, the object of the present invention is to propose a prefabricated system of the beam-pillar type which satisfies the requirements of a complete renovation.

Another object of the present invention is to make available a prefabricated system of the beam-pillar type which is easy to install.

A further object of the present invention is to propose a prefabricated system of the beam-pillar type which at the same time guarantees for the building on which it is installed rigidity, thermal insulation and seismic containment.

The defined technical task and the specified aims are substantially achieved by a prefabricated system of the beam-pillar type comprising the technical characteristics set forth in one or more of the appended claims.

Brief description of drawings

Further characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the approximate and thus non-limiting description of a preferred, but not exclusive, embodiment of a prefabricated system of the beam-pillar type, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

- figure 1 schematically illustrates a prefabricated system of the beam- pillar type, according to the present invention, in a partially exploded perspective view;

- figure 2 schematically illustrates a perspective view of an embodiment of the prefabricated system of figure 1 ;

- figure 3 schematically illustrates a partially sectional perspective view of an enlargement of an embodiment of the prefabricated system of figure 1 ;

figure 4 schematically illustrates a partially sectional view of the embodiment of figure 3.

Detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention

With reference to figure 1 , the number 1 indicates a prefabricated system of the beam-pillar type to be poured in-situ, simply indicated below as a “prefabricated system”.

The prefabricated system 1 comprises a first substantially vertical panel 2, which in turn comprises:

• a zinc-coated rebar 3 defining a plurality of compartments 4 filled with insulating material, thus obtaining a layer 14 of insulating material;

• a first iron rebar 5 having a substantially vertical extension, which is arranged at an end of the zinc-coated rebar 3 and defines a first niche 6 that is substantially vertical and is filled with hardening material to obtain a pillar 17.

In particular, the zinc-coated rebar 3 comprises a first net 3a, a second net 3b parallel to the first net 3a and a third net 3c orthogonal to the first two nets 3a, 3b, to join them. In this way, the zinc-coated rebar 3 defines a cage.

The first net 3a can also be identified as an internal net as on the site such first net 3a is at a wall 50 of a building. The second net 3b, instead, can be identified as the external net in opposition to the first net 3a.

The third net 3c is preferably welded to the first two nets 3a, 3b. Preferably, each of the wires that constitute the third net 3c has the ends bent to reinforce the welds.

The advantage of such bending is to make the entire cage stronger.

The layer 14 of insulating material has an inner surface 140 at the first net 3a and an outer surface 141 at the second net 3b.

Preferably, the outer surface 141 has a trend defining a plurality of first recesses 142. In particular, at each of the first recesses 142 one of the wires of the second net 3b is housed.

In the embodiment described and illustrated herein, the first recesses 142 have a rounded profile so as to define an undulated trend.

Preferably, the inner surface 140 has a trend defining a plurality of second recesses 143 for housing the first net 3a. In particular, at each of the second recesses 143 one of the wires of the first net 3a is housed.

In the embodiment illustrated in figures 3 and 4, the second recesses 143 have a squared profile so as to define a corrugated trend.

In an alternative embodiment (not illustrated), the second recesses 143 have a rounded profile like the first recesses 142.

In this way, part of the inner surface 140 of the layer 14 of insulating material is in direct contact with the wall 50 of the building.

Preferably, the insulating material inserted into the compartments 4 is high density polystyrene. In particular, the density of the polystyrene can have values comprised between 10 kg/m ³ and 80 kg/m ³ . Alternatively, synthetic or natural, expanded or non-expanded, polymers can be used.

The thickness of the insulating material goes from about 10 cm to about 100 cm, as a function of the structural requirements for calculating the rebars and the thermal/acoustic insulation required.

Advantageously, the prefabricated system 1 further comprises at least one structural anchoring element 30 by means of which it is anchored to the building. In the sector, such anchoring element 30 is known by the name of anchor or plug.

In the embodiment described and illustrated herein in figure 4, such anchoring element 30 is of the mechanical expansion type.

Alternatively, the anchoring element 30 is of the chemical type.

Advantageously, the prefabricated system 1 also comprises a beam 7 that is substantially horizontal and comprises a second iron rebar 8 defining a second niche 9 that is substantially horizontal and is filled with hardening material.

Advantageously, the first niche 6 has a substantially cylindrical extension so that the pillar 17 obtained therein by pouring hardening material is substantially cylindrical.

In the embodiment described and illustrated herein, the second niche 9 has a parallelepiped shape so that the beam 7 has a rectangular or squared section.

The hardening material used for filling the pillar 17 and the beam 7 is cement or concrete. Alternatively, it is possible to use facade plaster with basalt fibre reinforcement.

The provision of more adjacent systems can take place with similar methods to those of Italian patent no. 1402792, i.e. following

- a first configuration in which the first panels 2 are alongside one another so as to have the two iron rebars 5 adjacent to obtain two pillars or adjacent load-bearing columns or a pillar with a double dimension;

- a second configuration in which the first panels 2 are alongside one another so that each first iron rebar 5 is never adjacent to the iron rebar 5 of the panel next to it.

In other words, the invention relates to a prefabricated system 1 poured in- situ, comprising a horizontal beam 7 and a vertical pillar 17, with a double net joined by welded and bent crossbars, for ensuring the mechanical hold of the rebar.

The horizontal beam 7 constitutes a continuous block that couples all the vertical pillars 17.

In particular, in a standard situation the height of the first panel 2 defines the height of the interfloor gap. The horizontal beam 7 marks the start of another interfloor gap.

From the description provided the characteristics of the prefabricated system of the beam-pillar type, according to the present invention are clear, as are the advantages.

In particular, the system is easy and quick to install. On the site, it is sufficient to cut the horizontal panel (e.g. using a portable pantograph) to adapt it to the desired measurement.

Furthermore, thanks to the use of an insulating material the prefabricated system offers high thermal insulation.

Furthermore, the direct contact between the polystyrene layer and the wall of the building allows the prefabricated system to absorb the vibrations in the event of an earthquake. In other words, the prefabricated system dissipates the energy resulting from seismic motion thanks to the notable elastic deformation offered by the polystyrene. In this way, the prefabricated system always tends to reposition the structure in direct contact therewith. In fact, polystyrene is composed of a plurality of cells made of 98% air. These cells are presented in the spherical form and have a high elastic coefficient, which is variable with reference to the density used. These cells or particles, if compressed, become oval shaped and tend to return to the original position.

Furthermore, the direct contact between the layer of polystyrene and the wall of the building, along with the anchoring offered by the anchoring element, ensures a rigid and monolithic zinc-coated rebar.

In other words, the prefabricated system has the function of a monolithic containment cage for the existing structure, thermal insulation and dissipation of seismic energy with repositioning of the structure.

In other words, the prefabricated system is externally rigid, whereas internally there is insulating material such as polystyrene, in contact with the wall of the building, thus ensuring excellent thermal insulation and above all seismic containment with repositioning of the building.

The provision of a cylindrical pillar also improves the capacity or containment in the event of seismic events.