Technical field

This invention relates to the production of bio-nano polymer material comprising green synthesized nanoparticles (silver nanoparticles) and herbal extracts for healthcare field. The present invention comprises the production of thin polymer materials as A coating material for metals used in dentistry, considering the production of green composites. In order for these materials to be named in the green composite class, the matrix material will be doped with herbal extracts (hemp, hypericum perforatum, rosemary, cherry laurel leaves). Thus, green composites produced using herbal extracts and green nanoparticles will gain antimicrobial properties. Solvent casting method used for polymer materials as the method of invention.

Herbal extracts have very important properties for health. Many herbal extracts are rich in vitamins A, B1 , B2, B3, B6, C, E and folic acid (B9). They also contain the minerals Calcium, iron, magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, potassium, sodium and zinc. For example, hemp seeds contain a fatty acid called GLA (gamma linolenic acid), which helps to maintain the hormone balance in the body. It is very rich in omega fatty acids, thus supporting brain health. It also protects cardiovascular health by helping to lower cholesterol. It is beneficial for hair and skin health. When consumed regularly, it helps hair and skin look brighter and more vibrant. It helps to prevent various problems that can be experienced during the menstrual period. While the gamma linolenic acid it comprises supports the hormone balance, it prevents problems such as premenstrual syndrome and excessively painful menstruation due to hormonal problems. By means of its high magnesium content, it is also very useful for sleep problems. It strengthens the bones. By means of the vitamins and especially iron it comprises, it helps to prevent anemia and complaints such as fatigue, headache and weakness that can be experienced due to anemia. By using the plants with the abovementioned properties in biopolymer nano-composite materials, it will be possible to gain antimicrobial properties, prevent infections and improve intra-body osseointegration. Products with more natural content and low toxicity will be obtained compared to the existing produced and used samples.

State of the Art

When we look at the polymer coating materials of metallic parts used in the field of health, it is known that the nanoparticles used in their contents show toxic properties. In addition, it has been determined as a result of patent and literature research that the herbal extracts used in the coatings do not contain the herb varieties (hemp, hypericum perforatum, rosemary, laurel leaves) and nanoparticles produced by green synthesis.

When the patent number EP2529763B1 is examined, a patch-like coating was made on a part of the surface of the medical instruments by leaving gaps on the cover layer with an osteoinductive and/or osteoconductive cover layer based on calcium phosphate and/or calcium carbonate. Similarly, in the invention with patent number EP1937328B1 , activatable coatings were realised by covalently attaching a silane derivative to the metal surface, covalently attaching a lactone polymer to the silane derivative by in situ ring-opening polymerization, and depositing at least one layer of a poly(lactide-co-caprolactone) copolymer onto the bound lactone. Similarly, in another patented invention (EP1492581 B1 ), by covalently attaching a silane derivative is to the metal surface, by covalently attaching a lactone polymer to the silane derivative by in situ ring-opening polymerization and by precipitating at least one polyester layer onto the bound lactone, coatings with activated surfaces are provided.

In the invention with patent number CN111471363A, the coating material was created by using titanium dioxide, nano zinc oxide and camphor leaves, bark powder and ginkgo leaves extract. In our invention, hemp, hypericum perforatum, rosemary and laurel leaves are used.

In the publication of A. Gudimalla et al., only silver nanoparticles were produced from herbal extracts and chemically DOPED into the polymer structure. In our invention, a polymer nano-composite thin film is produced. The herbs used are also different types. Our invention differs from the work done in this publication. Green synthesis is the general name of the method. The herb variety used in the synthesis affects the size and quality of the nanoparticles produced. For example, Hemp used in the invention enables nanoparticles to be produced in smaller sizes and increases the strength of the composite. In addition, the herbs used in the invention are different from those used in the publication, which ensures that the produced composite has different properties than the metallic materials used in the tooth will have. In addition, there are polymer bonds and a chemical biofilm production in the mentioned publication. The production of composite material in the form of thin films includes many different elements.

Materials are examined in 5 classes. Metals, ceramics, polymers, composites and semiconductors. In terms of materials, polymers and composites represent different material groups on their own. Our invention comprises the production of polymer nano composite material. In this invention, composite films comprising green synthesized nano silver and herbal extract will be coated with spray methods to produced implants.

When the patent application number W02009140694A2 is examined, it is seen that said patent is only related to the production of metal nanoparticles from herbal extracts. Our invention relates to the production of polymer nano-composite coating material produced with using green synthesized nanoparticles and herbal extract. In our invention, polymer-composite thin film will be coated on metal dental implants. Not only the antimicrobial effect, but also the strength and weight/strength ratio of thin films are important. The material must be suitable for the jaw and implant structure and resistant to stresses caused by chewing. It is also expected to protect the metal implant against intraoral corrosion, abrasion and hardness forces.

In the patent application number US9491947B1 , synthesis of nanoparticle and nanoparticle-polymer using only herbal extracts are disclosed. Our invention comprises the production of coating material. It is not enough for our invention to produce nano-composite materials alone. Turning a material into a thin film and especially coating it on metal material requires different methods and techniques. In addition, functional properties that are not found in bulk materials can be obtained when we turn the material into a thin film. Our invention points out to the production of more durable, antimicrobial, anti-infection composites using hemp. The composite material produced will be used in coating applications of intraoral metals, which will make metal parts more biocompatible and wear resistant. In addition, hemp, hypericum perforatum, rosemary and cherry laurel leaf extracts in the coating have effects on increasing the compatibility with the gingiva in the mouth and reducing infection. The herbal extracts increase the quality of the nano metals produced. This causes the technical effects and properties of the produced coating material to be different. Looking at the compilation study by G. Ong et al., it is seen that only the literature study on the use of herbal extracts as additives in coating applications is mentioned. The diversity of herbal ingredients used and the production of a material to be used for coating make our invention unique. As a result of these articles, a product has not always been revealed. Apart from these, the herb varieties and coating technique used in the invention are not available for coating dental implants and metal materials used in dentistry.

The Technical Problem The Invention Aims to Solve

Metallic materials used in the field of health are coated to gain antibacterial properties and to be more biocompatible. Infection or unsuccessful osseointegration, which occurs as a result of the excess of toxic contents in the production of metallic nanoparticles doped to give antibacterial properties to the coating material, and the insufficient biocompatibility of the polymer materials used are the failures and deficiencies of the existing products. Ensuring the antibacterial properties of metallic materials used in the field of healthcare, increasing their resistance to abrasion and corrosion, and reducing infection and wound-like irritations can be achieved with the produced green bio-nano polymer material. With the nanoparticles to be produced by green synthesis, coating material with low toxic properties will be produced. In addition, a more natural and antibacterial polymer material will be produced by using herbal extracts in the same way.

On the other hand, actions to be implemented in order to achieve the comprehensive changes envisaged by the European Green Deal and the targets set under the headings of 1 ) border carbon regulations, 2) a green and circular economy, 3) green finance, 4) clean, affordable and secure energy supply, 5) sustainable agriculture, 6) sustainable smart transportation, 7) tackling climate change, in the green agreement 2021 Action Plan, in order to ensure the harmonization in a way that will preserve and further the integration provided within the scope of the Turkey-Ell Customs Union, are included. In addition, according to the green agreement 2021 action plan, it is emphasized that the European Commission will encourage applications to provide all kinds of packaging and packing from biodegradable and plant-based plastics by 2030 and will impose sanctions on single-use plastics. Exporters may also need to change their packaging and packing policies. In line with this, herbal-based polymer nanocomposites produced by green synthesis will also be used in the field of packaging to produce healthier, environmentally friendly and antibacterial products.

Considering the methods and materials used, it will be ensured that green and sustainable products are obtained in accordance with the green agreement, climate change action plan, Paris climate agreement and Kyoto agreement.

As a result of the production of natural metallic nanoparticles through green synthesis, the consumption of natural raw material resources will also be reduced. By using hemp as a herbal extract, the application areas of hemp will increase and hemp cultivation will develop. According to statistics, one hectare of hemp, which is also a carbon negative plant, absorbs 22 tons of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere during the harvest period. With this property, it will provide positive benefits to environmental conditions such as carbon footprint and greenhouse gas emissions.

The present invention develops coatings for polymer composite thin film metal dental implants. Not only the antimicrobial effect, but also the strength and weight/strength ratio of thin films are important, which are also different in our invention. The material must be suitable for the jaw and implant structure and resistant to stresses caused by chewing. It is also expected to protect the metal implant against the effects of intraoral corrosion. The mechanical effects and health effects provided by the herbs used in the invention are more successful and effective.

With the use of hemp as a herbal extract, coating material containing vitamins A, B1 , B2, B3, B6, C, E and folic acid (B9), calcium, iron, magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, potassium, sodium and zinc minerals, which hemp and other herbal extracts also have, can be produced. Also, hemp seeds contain a fatty acid called GLA (gamma linolenic acid), which helps to maintain the hormone balance in the body. It is very rich in omega fatty acids, thus supporting brain health. It also protects cardiovascular health by helping to lower cholesterol. While the gamma linolenic acid it comprises supports the hormone balance, it prevents problems such as premenstrual syndrome and excessively painful menstruation due to hormonal problems. By means of its high magnesium content, it is also very useful for sleep problems. It strengthens the bones. By means of the vitamins and especially iron it comprises, it helps to prevent anemia and complaints such as fatigue, headache and weakness that can be experienced due to anemia. Apart from these properties of hemp, it enables the particles to be produced in smaller sizes in the production of nanoparticles by green synthesis. When Figure 1 is examined, it is seen that nano silver produced with hemp can be produced in smaller sizes. Apart from that, the shore hardness values of the films produced with hemp are higher. In other words, high hardness, wear resistant film is produced.

Table 1. Percentages showing the shore hardness of films produced with hemp and other herbal extracts

Description of the drawings

Figure-1 : Nano silver particles produced using hemp extract

Figure-2: Production process of green polymer nano composite materials

Description of Parts Shown with Reference Numbers in Figure-2

1. Polymer solution.

2. Obtaining hemp seeds, hypericum perforatum, rosemary and cherry laurel leaf extracts by boiling them in water.

3. Preparation of 0.1 M silver nitrate solution.

4. Obtaining nano silver from silver nitrate with herbal extract (Green Synthesis).

5. Combination of polymer solution, herbal extract and nano silver. 6. Pouring the obtained polymer solution mixture into moulds for material production.

7. Keeping the solution poured into the moulds in an oven.

8. Obtaining polymer nano composite material.

Description of the Invention

The invention relates to the coating and production of metallic parts used in the field of health with polymeric materials (8) with green content. The invention ensures that the herbal extracts (2) to be included in the coating material and the parts such as metallic implants, crochets, wires and hooks can minimize infections and wounds that may occur in the body. In this invention, green nano-composite polymeric material production for coating, packaging and medical parts is provided by using green synthesis(4) and silver nanoparticle production. The present invention comprises the process steps of Production of the polymer solution (1 ) extraction of herbal extracts of hemp, hypericum perforatum, rosemary and laurel leaves (2), preparation of 0.1 M silver nitrate solution (3), obtaining nano silver from silver nitrate with herbal extract (4), forming a mixture solution by combining polymer solution, nano silver and herbal extracts (5), pouring the mixture into moulds to shape the material (6), drying the moulds by placing it in an oven at 40°C for 24 hours (7) and finally obtaining the dried green polymer nano-composite materials by removing them from the moulds (8). The invention relates to the production of biopolymer nanocomposite material containing herbal extracts (hemp, hypericum perforatum, rosemary and laurel leaves) and green synthesized nano silver.

The solvent casting method is the method to be used for the production of composite films. Green synthesis method is the general name used for the production of nano metal particles using herbal extracts. With the films produced by the solvent casting method, lower cost, high durability films can be produced. Nano metals produced by the green synthesis method are more natural and cleaner. In addition, the type of herbs used in the green synthesis method is very important. The size of the metal nanoparticle produced according to the type of plant can be smaller, making the produced composite film more durable and with higher properties. Both methods have different technical effects and both methods will be used in the production of composite films.

The present invention relates to the production of polymer-composite thin films and their coating on metal dental implants. Not only the antimicrobial effect, but also the strength and weight/strength ratio of thin films are important. The material must be suitable for the jaw and implant structure and resistant to stresses caused by chewing. It is also expected to protect the metal implant against the effects of intraoral corrosion. Composite films comprising green synthesized nano silver and herbal extract will be coated with spray methods to produce implants. Hemp, hypericum perforatum, rosemary and cherry laurel leaf extracts in the coating have effects on increasing the compatibility with the gingiva in the mouth and reducing infection. The herbal extracts used increase the quality of the nano metals produced. The use of natural ingredients is the most important element of the invention. In addition, the produced polymer nanocomposite has not been applied as a coating to the metals used in the teeth before.

Application of the Invention to the Industry

The produced green polymer nano-composite materials can be used in the coating of metallic (implants, crochets , hooks, stents, braces, etc.) parts used in the field of healthcare. In addition, the green nanoparticles and herbal extracts produced can be used in dental prosthetic acrylics and dental plaques. Produced green nanoparticles and herbal extracts can be used in polymeric parts used in the field of health.

Considering the existing companies and considering the R&D studies to be carried out according to the green agreement action plan, it will be inevitable for companies producing implants and dental materials to enter this market. As a result of the patenting of this invention, this can be prevented and P&D and R&D studies can be carried out with companies. Thus, the product range will be expanded, a domestic production can be made in Turkey, and taking into account the Samsun Medikum cluster, it will be able to take place in the commercial market on a regional and global basis.