All of the comprehension of molding aim to produce the produce by the plastic material , which they may be used daily in our life . According to the logical steps , which any rate can't be got out of any stag , which is started by studying the type of product , that is required to produce it , then the plastic material and the way of manufacture are selected . Industry with it's different branches go deeply , daily into demands of the life to exploit natural sources of different materials to make products , which can be used by human being in the different ways of life .

Mineral industries and woody ones before began to develop responding To human needs till it included (because of its development ) plastic industries associated with industrial plastic , which became the most importance .

According to that principle and the comprehension of needed quality to all industrial product and through our long job in the different cookies mould ways and through our long experience in that way . Due to individual and citizen need to be better product , less coast and easy to use .

Our experiments started associating with the thought (idea) of producing plastic cookies mould instead of famous woody one . At this point , and this is the beginning to appearance the idea of invention For the following properties .

1- the plastic material is cheap readily extracted .

2- all the surfaces and materials are impervious .

3- it need less volume

4- the plastic material can resist chemical compounds . 5- the plastic material can resist impacts .

6- the plastic material is unconductor of electric current and heat .

7- industrial security in all uses depending on previous item .

8- the surfaces are smooth and they can be colored as we want , according to the good appearance and another characteristics . Also , the wooden mould has the following disadvantage .

1- it costs more than plastic mould and it has more element .

2- the paste pastes on the internal surfaces because it is rough especially after long uses .

3- exposure to high temperature will cause the mould to be burn, that witch

is seen at houses and workshops , it is known that the inhabitants of middle east especially Arabian and Islamic world like to cook candy and sweets with several forms , smells, tastes, and method . 4- spreading the fat substances into wooden mould , so it is spreading microbes and bacteria , transfer diseases which the client doesn't know it's sources . The most important of these candies are maamol , pressed dates , ....which it's quality demands especial moulds with several volume and shapes . Neighbor always asked his neighbor to give him cookies mould of specific kind and shape , to make candies at home , and woody moulds always crashed in workshops and it was consumed , so as we mentioned we began producing specific plastic mould for cookies mould , but the need is always the cause of invention , for the long practice in that way , so after producing general mould as usual in making woody mould and every mould has own shape .

Suggested idea appeared in the suggested subject , this idea is to make plastic material with variable head and its remove_and fusion is easy , that enables one mould to have one steady arm while the head and its design , shape is variable due to need . So we shall over come disadvantages that mentioned before.

It is known that all markets in the middle east have only woody cookies mould , and we mentioned its disadvantages suggested plastic mould to make candies is new as a type because its idea and the principle of its making . The beginning was to make specific mould for producing cookies mould made of plastic , that mould has tow shapes or more to reduce the numbers of moulds and cost especially for owners of ferment consumption workshops. After making the mould followed by its figure number 1 thoughts is performed on the principle of di or tri molds or even tetra . It is explained by shape (2,3,4) , but thought had another direction which is variable heads with several shapes to one mould.

In order to achieve this thought , it was necessary to have the benefit of CNC machines which are specific for industry by using Computer to reach required accuracy in production .

This machine give us

1- increasing the production , modifying at desirable time .

2- improvement the equality of product .

3- alternating; of ideas .

In regard to increasing of experiments , the following way was set up

1-get a logical design for mould and premier pattern (CAD design) .

2- strength of mould and product are tasted CAE

3-it is tasted after analyzing ( it is software belong machine)

4- supplying substances .

5-process of manufacture .

6- geometric evaluation .

7- assemblage of product .

The diagram (1) clears this manner .

By this way , process began to produce the first mould , which is steady as the arm of cookies mould , as a pattern .

It is known , that mould has a hole and performance shapes are inside this hole . We produced those holes as several and different shapes by making moulds.

Shapes (5,6,7) show some of shapes used for making the mould , and shapes performed on CNC machines .

These moulds are prepared with shapes and designs , to be produced as a partial part separated from the total mould . By this way , that part is able to be separated from the mould and substituting that part by another , which its shape and design is new .

Figure (7) shows the ability of making (tow heads ) .

Figure (5) demonstrates the ability of making (five heads included by one mould ) . Figure (6) demonstrates the ability of making heads included by bi , tri or tetra mould .

These heads shapes explained by shapes mentioned before are marked on the posterior side by groove or it may be an external tooth below .

On the other hand , there is an internal tooth or a groove opposite of the head in the hole and on the mould's arm .

So the grooves or teeth can be fused together , the same , head can be separated and replaced by another .

Types and suggested shapes are new by the volume and shape .

Making moulds , also by the same thought , we can put one basic mould with one hole , then we put separating and making up heads with it to produce steady moulds without changing the head .

Figure (8) demonstrates thought or the way of making mould with several types and shapes .

Though , we had tow basic ways to produce new plastic cookies moulds . 1- several heads mould (several shapes).

2 - bi or tri molds , its basis is steady , but its internal head is variable due to needed type . So , we would have products that suit consumer need such as shape

..moulds , high quality . different colors , different shapes , various volume

Detailed study of mould :

The basic way to design and calculate the mold is used for all molds , it differs due to volume of mold , there are one equation . We may not forget function of molds is to molding plastic material then it seems the final product , which may be fastened on the basic arm and unfasten by consumer .

The general equation

The first step to design and calculate .

The mold is to get the weight of plastic material which inject into the mold , time of injection and final compression (opposite compression ) . BF : factor of weight or proportion of compression .

BF = volume of powder before molding volume of powder after molding

It's taken from the table of poly ethylene which it is low density BF =( 1.8 ÷ 3.6)

The amount of contraction (MS)

(MS) is the amount of contraction when the size of product is changed after it is cooled or heated .

Calculation the weight of plastic material depending on the volume of product .

W _t = V _t . γ W _t : The total weight of injectable plastic material in the mould .

V _t : The sum total four products , stream of feeding and the end ( carrot)

[cm ³ ] . γ : gravity weight of plastic material such as poly ethylene 0.94[g/cm ] .

V ₁ : The premier volume of product [cm ^J ] , V ₂ : volume of steams [cm ³ ].

V ₃ : Volume of end ( carrot) [cm ³ ] , n : number of products in one injection term .

BF : Factor of bulk or percentage of compression , L : Volume of resulting losses of transfer and reserving .

Definition of the thickness walls product

We have poly ethylene with low density S = ( 1.57÷ 6.35) mm and the thickness S= 2mm .

Definition of the stream diameter (streams of feeding)

We have poly ethylene with low density Φ = ( 1.59 ÷9.53) mm and the stream diameter Φ =2mm

Calculation the volume of product , stream of feeding and the end .

V ₁ Volume of one product = 1250[mm ³ ] = 1.25[cm ³ ]

W ₁ = Vi - Y W ₁ Weight of one product = 1.25 .0.94 = 1.2 [g]

W, =1.2[g]