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Title:
REPELLING MAGNETIC INSTRUMENT
Document Type and Number:
WIPO Patent Application WO/2023/139380
Kind Code:
A1
Abstract:
The present invention provides a repelling magnetic instrument (RMI) comprising a pair of spaced apart side supports, each side support having a first end and an opposed second end. The RMI comprises a first magnetic component comprising a first magnetic source suspended from each of the pair of the side supports and positioned therebetween; and at least one second magnetic component comprising a second magnetic source. The or each second magnetic component is suspended from each of the pair of the side supports to be positioned therebetween and spaced apart at a predetermined distance from the or each adjacent first and/or further second magnetic component(s). The first and second magnetic components are substantially aligned along a first axis extending parallel to an axis extending between the first and second ends of each side support. Each magnetic component is configured to repel the or each adjacent magnetic component to provide oscillation movement of the first and at least one second magnetic components along the first axis.

Inventors:
KARIM ARIF ANDREW (GB)
Application Number:
PCT/GB2023/050111
Publication Date:
July 27, 2023
Filing Date:
January 20, 2023
Export Citation:
Click for automatic bibliography generation   Help
Assignee:
KARIM ARIF ANDREW (GB)
International Classes:
G09B23/18; H01F7/02
Foreign References:
US5026314A1991-06-25
CN203838921U2014-09-17
CN107146504A2017-09-08
CN111681507A2020-09-18
Attorney, Agent or Firm:
SIRIUS IP (GB)
Download PDF:
Claims:
CLAIMS 1. A repelling magnetic instrument (RMI) comprising: a pair of spaced apart side supports, each side support having a first end and an opposed second end; a first magnetic component comprising a first magnetic source suspended from each of the pair of the side supports and positioned therebetween; and at least one second magnetic component comprising a second magnetic source, the or each second magnetic component being suspended from each of the pair of the side supports to be positioned therebetween and spaced apart at a predetermined distance from the or each adjacent first and/or further second magnetic component(s), in which the first and second magnetic components are substantially aligned along a first axis extending parallel to an axis extending between the first and second ends of each side support, in which each magnetic component is configured to repel the or each adjacent magnetic component to provide oscillation movement of the first and at least one second magnetic components along the first axis, in which each of the first and at least one second magnetic components are suspended frof the side supports by a pair of spaced apart pendulum lines, each pendulum line within each pair of spaced apart pendulum lines extending between the corresponding magnetic component and the side supports. 2. A repelling magnetic instrument as claimed in claim 1, in which the instrument is non- collisional. 3. A repelling magnetic instrument as claimed in either of claims 1 and 2, in which the pair of spaced apart side supports extend substantially parallel to each other. 4. A repelling magnetic instrument as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, in which the first and second magnetic components are aligned to provide a chain of magnetic components exerting inversely opposing magnetic forces between pairs of adjacent magnetic components to provide oscillation movement.

5. A repelling magnetic instrument as claimed in any preceding claim, further comprising a base having a first end, a second opposed end, and a pair of opposed side portions extending therebetween, and in which each side support upstands from and extends along or adjacent at least a portion of a corresponding side portion of the base. 6. A repelling magnetic instrument as claimed in claim 5, in which the instrument comprises an oscillation unit comprising the base and the pair of spaced apart side supports upstanding therefrom and defining a cavity extending therebetween, in which the oscillation unit is open ended at the first and second opposed ends of the base to allow movement of the first and/or second magnetic components therethrough. 7. A repelling magnetic instrument as claimed in any preceding claim, in which the first magnetic component is located at or towards a first end of the side supports. 8. A repelling magnetic instrument as claimed in any preceding claim, in which the first axis is located substantially centrally between the pair of spaced apart side supports. 9. A repelling magnetic instrument as claimed in any preceding claim, further comprising an arm member comprising a first free end providing a third magnetic component comprising a third magnetic source, in which the third magnetic component is configured in use to be positioned in alignment with the first axis and to repel an adjacent first or a second magnetic component. 10. A repelling magnetic instrument as claimed in claim 9, in which the first free end of the arm member providing the third magnetic component is positioned at or adjacent the first ends of, and between, the spaced apart side supports. 11. A repelling magnetic instrument as claimed in either of claims 9 and 10, in which the arm member is detachable from the instrument and/or configured for adjustable positioning relative to the side portions and/or base of the instrument.

12. A repelling magnetic instrument as claimed in claim 10, in which the arm member is detachably connected to the base. 13. A repelling magnetic instrument as claimed in any preceding claim, in which the pendulum lines are V-shaped pendulum lines. 14. A repelling magnetic instrument as claimed in any preceding claim, in which each pendulum line within a pair of pendulum lines is secured to the corresponding magnetic component along the centre of gravity. 17. A repelling magnetic instrument as claimed in any preceding claim, in which the predetermined distance between the or each adjacent first and/or further second magnetic component(s) is selected to provide a predetermined oscillation movement. 18. A repelling magnetic instrument as claimed in any preceding claim, in which the first and/or second magnetic components are configured to repel adjacent magnetic components at 0 net G force. 19. A method of manufacturing a repelling magnetic instrument (RMI) comprising: obtaining a pair of spaced apart side supports, each side support having a first end and an opposed second end; suspending a first magnetic component comprising a first magnetic source from each of the pair of the side supports so as to be positioned therebetween; suspending at least one second magnetic component comprising a second magnetic source from each of the pair of the side supports so as to be positioned therebetween, positioning each second magnetic component at a predetermined distance apart from the or each adjacent first and/or further second magnetic component(s); aligning the first and second magnetic components along a first axis extending parallel to an axis extending between the first and second ends of each side support; and arranging each magnetic component to repel the or each adjacent magnetic component so as to provide oscillation movement of the first and at least one second magnetic components along the first axis. 20. A repelling magnetic system (RMS) comprising a plurality of repelling magnetic instruments as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 19.

Description:
REPELLING MAGNETIC INSTRUMENT The present invention provides a repelling magnetic instrument (RMI) for conservation of momentum, motion and energy. In particular, the present invention provides a low frictional, non-collisional, repelling magnetic instrument (RMI) with reduced mechanical impedance. BACKGROUND OF INVENTION There are many scientific apparatus for conservation of momentum, motion and energy. However, there are various issues relating to mechanical impedance which impact the conservation of momentum, motion and energy in these instruments that are well-known in the art. In 17th century, Edme Mariotte designed the invention commonly know as the Newtons cradle attributed to Newtons laws of physics regarding the conservation of momentum, motion and energy. The Newtons cradle has found itself used as a relaxing executive desktop toy through to scientists laboratory demonstrations to suit a variety of conditions. It has probably been one of the most successfully sold apparatus commercially sold as a desktop toy since 1960’s worldwide. In the classroom, this device can be used by educators to demonstrate the principles behind momentum and the conservation of energy. Traditionally, a user pulls back one of the metal spheres to a desired height before releasing it. As the sphere swings back to its starting position, it impacts the row of spheres creating a shockwave of elastic collisions, conserving and transferring a shockwave of vibrational energy through the group of spheres and sending almost the exact energy and force to the opposite row end causing the last sphere to absorb the shockwave of energy containing velocity and mass. The last sphere has no end mass force pushing against it, so the velocity carries the mass to swing upwards almost matching the starting height where the original sphere was released. While useful in demonstrating these principles, most Newton’s Cradle type instruments allow the effects of mechanical impedance to violate conservation of momentum and energy. Accordingly, there is a need in the art for an apparatus with improved conservation of momentum, motion and energy. SUMMARY OF INVENTION According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a repelling magnetic instrument (RMI) comprising: a pair of spaced apart side supports, each side support having a first end and an opposed second end; a first magnetic component comprising a magnetic source suspended from each of the pair of the side supports and positioned therebetween; and at least one second magnetic component comprising a magnetic source, the or each second magnetic component being suspended from each of the pair of the side supports to be positioned therebetween and spaced apart at a predetermined distance from the or each adjacent first and/or further second magnetic component(s), in which the first and second magnetic components are substantially aligned along a first axis extending parallel to an axis extending between the first and second ends of each side support, in which each magnetic component is configured to repel the or each adjacent magnetic component to provide oscillation movement in one plane of free motion of the first and at least one second magnetic components along the first axis, wherein each of the first and/or second magnetic components are suspended from the side supports by two pairs of pendulum lines, each pendulum line within each pair of pendulum lines extending between the magnetic component and a corresponding side support. According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a repelling magnetic instrument (RMI) as herein described, comprising: obtaining a pair of spaced apart side supports, each side support having a first end and an opposed second end; suspending a first magnetic component comprising a magnetic source from each of the pair of the side supports so as to be positioned therebetween; suspending at least one second magnetic component comprising a magnetic source from each of the pair of the side supports so as to be positioned therebetween, positioning each second magnetic component at a predetermined distance apart from the or each adjacent first and/or further second magnetic component(s); aligning the first and second magnetic components along a first axis extending parallel to an axis extending between the first and second ends of each side support; and arranging each magnetic component to repel the or each adjacent magnetic component so as to provide oscillation movement in one plane of free motion of the first and at least one second magnetic components along the first axis, wherein each of the first and/or second magnetic components are suspended from the side supports by two pairs of pendulum lines, each pendulum line within each pair of pendulum lines extending between the magnetic component and a corresponding side support. According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a repelling magnetic system (RMS) comprising a plurality of repelling magnetic systems as herein described. The oscillation movement may result from exertion of an external force applied to the instrument. The external force may for example be applied by force applied to one or more magnetic components of the instrument, and one by an external magnetic force. The oscillation movement may include movement towards a base or contact surface located between the side supports, such as for example a table or ground surface. Oscillation may be initiated on application of an external force to the instrument, for example to one or more magnetic components. The external force may be applied for example by a contact force, or by a non-contact force such as for example by a magnetic force. The repelling magnetic instrument (RMI) of the present invention uses an entanglement of repelling magnetic forces between magnetic components to provide the oscillation movement. The magnetic components are preferably suspended from the side supports in stable equilibrium. The repelling magnetic forces between adjacent magnetic components create an unstable equilibrium causing the oscillation movement whilst the magnetic components are trying to rebalance the forces to 0 net G force. The imbalance of the unstable equilibrium creates a complex pattern of movement thus conserving motion, momentum and energy. The movement of the magnetic components continues for over a much increased time period when compared to the conventional Newtons Cradle due to the increased conservation in energy provided. The repelling magnetic instrument (RMI) is preferably non-collisional. The term “non- collisional” is used herein to refer to the magnetic components being free to move along the first axis without contact with adjacent magnetic components. The repelling magnetic instrument, and in particular the predetermined distances between adjacent magnetic components, is configured to prevent contact between adjacent magnetic components during the oscillation movement along the first axis. The present invention provides a repelling magnetic instrument (RMI) for conservation of momentum, motion and energy. In particular, the present invention provides a low frictional, non-collisional, repelling magnetic instrument (RMI) with reduced mechanical impedance. The pair of spaced apart side supports preferably extend substantially parallel to each other. The side supports are preferably composed of non-magnetic material. The or each side support may comprise tubular frame members. The or each side support may comprise planar members. The magnetic components and/or magnetic source may be composed of magnetic material, such as for example neodymium. The magnetic components may be permanent magnets. The magnetic components may be temporary magnets, such as for example electromagnets. The magnetic components and/or magnetic source may have any suitable magnetic field strength. The first and second magnetic components are preferably aligned to provide a chain of magnetic components exerting inversely opposing magnetic forces between pairs of adjacent magnetic components to provide oscillation movement. A first surface of a magnetic component has a first magnetic pole and/or provides a first magnetic force. The adjacent second surface of an adjacent second magnetic component has a second magnetic pole and/or provides a second magnetic force which is opposed to the first magnetic pole and/or first magnetic force, to provide repulsion between the adjacent magnetic components. The oscillation movement is preferably provided by swinging motions of the magnetic components. The oscillation movement preferably includes movement towards the base or towards a contact surface located between the side supports, such as for example a table or ground surface. The repelling magnetic instrument preferably further comprises a base having a first end, a second opposed end, and a pair of opposed side portions extending therebetween. Each side support preferably upstands from and extends along or adjacent at least a portion of a corresponding side portion of the base. In one embodiment, the base and the pair of spaced apart side supports upstanding therefrom provide an oscillation unit defining a cavity extending therebetween. The oscillation unit may be open ended at the first and second opposed ends of the base to allow movement of the first and/or second magnetic components therethrough. For example, the first and/or second magnetic components preferably move or oscillate in a direction along the first axis, with one plane, through the cavity and through an open end of the oscillation unit prior to returning to the cavity, and repeating the movement or oscillation. In one embodiment, the first magnetic component is located at or towards a first end of the side supports. The first axis is preferably located substantially centrally between the pair of spaced apart side supports. The repelling magnetic instrument may further comprise an arm member comprising a first free end providing a third magnetic component comprising a third magnetic source. . The third magnetic component is preferably configured in use to be positioned in alignment with the first axis and to repel an adjacent first or a second magnetic component. The third magnetic component and/or third magnetic source may be composed of magnetic material, such as for example neodymium. The third magnetic component and/or third magnetic source may be permanent magnets. The third magnetic component and/or third magnetic source may be temporary magnets, such as for example electromagnets. The first free end of the arm member providing the third magnetic component may be positioned at or adjacent the first ends of, and between, the spaced apart side supports. The first free end of the arm member providing the third magnetic component may be positioned at or adjacent the first end of the base. It is to be understood that the repelling magnetic instrument may comprise a pair of arm members. Each arm member comprising a first free end providing a third magnetic component composed of magnetic material. The third magnetic component of each arm member is preferably configured in use to be positioned in alignment with the first axis and to repel an adjacent first or a second magnetic component. For example, a first arm member may be positioned at or adjacent the first end of, and between, the spaced apart side supports. A second arm member may be positioned at or adjacent the second end of, and between, the spaced apart side supports. The first arm member may be positioned at or adjacent the first end of the base, and the second arm member may be positioned at or adjacent the second end of the base. The arm member(s) may be configured for releasable or detachable engagement with the instrument. For example, the arm member may be configured for releasable or detachable engagement with one or both spaced apart side supports and/or the base of the instrument. The arm member(s) may be configured for adjustable positioning relative to the side portions and/or base and/or adjacent magnetic component of the instrument. The location of the arm member(s) relative to the side portions and/or base and/or adjacent magnetic component of the instrument may be adjustable in order to provide a predetermined repulsion force between the third magnetic member and adjacent magnetic component and/or predetermined oscillation movement. For example, the adjustable arm member(s) may be moved closer to or further away from the adjacent magnetic component to create the required repulsion force between the third magnetic member and adjacent magnetic component and/or predetermined oscillation movement. Oscillation movement of the magnetic components is preferably restricted to within a single plane. Each of the first and/or second magnetic components are preferably suspended from of the side supports by two pairs of pendulum lines. Each pendulum line within each pair of pendulum lines extends between the magnetic component and a corresponding side support. The two pairs of pendulum lines are preferably spaced apart from each other. For example a first pair of pendulum lines is located at or adjacent a first end of the magnetic component, and a second pair of pendulum lines is located at or adjacent a second end of the magnetic component. The pendulum lines are preferably non-elastic. Preferably, each pendulum line within each pair of pendulum lines extends between the magnetic component and the corresponding side support. The pendulum lines are preferably V-shaped pendulum lines. In one embodiment, each pendulum line within a pair of pendulum lines extends from opposing sides of the corresponding magnetic component. Each pendulum line within a pair of pendulum lines is preferably secured to the corresponding magnetic component along the centre of gravity of the magnetic component. The pendulum lines may be attached to the corresponding magnetic component by any suitable form of attachment. The pendulum lines may be attached to the side support by any suitable form of attachment. For example, the pendulum lines may be attached to the corresponding magnetic component or side support by an attachment feature. The attachment feature preferable comprises one or more of: plastic, metal (magnetic metal or non-magnetic metal), silica, magnetic component, or any combination thereof. The predetermined distance between the or each adjacent first and/or further second magnetic component(s) is preferably selected to provide a predetermined oscillation movement. The first and/or second magnetic components are preferably configured to repel adjacent magnetic components within the instrument at 0 net G force. The magnetic components may have any suitable shape and dimensions. In one embodiment, the magnetic components are all identical in shape and dimensions. Preferably, the magnetic components are all substantially identical in dimensions. Preferably, the magnetic components are all substantially identical in shape. In one embodiment, the one or more of the magnetic components have a different shape and/or dimensions to other magnetic components within the instrument. In one embodiment, the magnetic components are all substantially spherical in shape. In one embodiment, the magnetic components are all substantially cuboid in shape. In one embodiment, the magnetic components are each individually selected from: spherical, hemi-spherical, cuboid, cube, prismoidal, polyhedral, cylindrical, or any combination thereof. The magnetic components may each have two poles (i.e. a north pole and a south pole). The magnetic components may have multiple polarities (for example north/south/south or north/south/north) provided on any face of the magnetic component. The multiple polarites provided on a face of a first magnetic component may be arranged to attract or repel corresponding multiple polarities provided on an adjacent face of a second magnetic component. In one embodiment, the instrument comprises a single RMI unit comprising a single magnetic component suspended by two pairs of spaced apart pendulum lines (preferably located at or adjacent opposing ends of the magnetic component), optionally together with one or more fixed arm member(s). In one embodiment, the instrument comprises three magnetic components, each magnetic component being suspended from the supports by two pairs of spaced apart pendulum lines (preferably located at or adjacent opposing ends of the corresponding magnetic component), optionally together with one or more fixed arm member(s). In one embodiment, the instrument comprises one or more additional magnetic components located at any suitable location configured to provide a predetermined magnetic field for interaction with one or more of the first and/or second magnetic components (and optionally third magnetic component) to effect a predetermined oscillation of the magnetic components. The repelling magnetic system (RMS) may comprise any suitable number of RMIs. For example, the RMS may comprise a pair of RMIs, or three RMIs or more than three RMIs. The RMIs may be provided in any suitable configuration with any suitable alignment. In one embodiment, the first axis of a first RMI may be aligned with the first axis of a second (or further) RMI (for example in a series arrangement). In one embodiment, the first axis of a first RMI may extend parallel to and be spaced apart from the first axis of a second (or further RMI) (for example in a parallel arrangement). In one embodiment, the first axis of a first RMI may extend at an angle (for example perpendicular) to the first axis of the a second (or further RMI). The repelling system may comprise a plurality of layers of RMIs, each layer comprising one or more RMIs. The RMS may comprise a plurality of RMIs provided in a single layer array, for example a 2 x 2, 2 x 3, 3 x 3 array of RMIs. In one embodiment, the RMS may comprise a plurality of layers array, such as for example a 2 x 2 x 2, 2 x 2 x 3, 2 x 3 x 3 , 3 x 3 x 3 array of RMIs. The array may comprise any suitable number of RMIs provided in the or each layer in any suitable configuration. The RMIs within a RMS may be provided in any suitable configuration. For example, the RMIs within a RMS may sit side by side with other RMIs. The RMIs may be staggered in position relative to adjacent RMIs. The RMIs may be stacked relative to adjacent RMIs. The RMIs may be arranged in a perpendicular orientation relative to adjacent RMIs. One or more of the RMIs within the RMS may be circular, star-shaped, cuboid, rectangular in shape. Each RMI within an RMS may be identical to each other. In one embodiment, the RMS may comprise RMIs with varying features, such as for example varying numbers of magnetic components and/or varying shapes of magnetic components and/or varying separation between adjacent magnetic components and/or varying magnetic field strengths of the magnetic components. The magnetic forces experienced and created by the magnetic components within a first RMI may also interfere with the magnetic forces experienced and created by magnetic components within an adjacent second RMI, and vice versa, resulting in complex oscillations. The separation between adjacent RMIs within a system may be adjustable in order to vary the oscillation movement of the magnetic components. The magnetic forces experienced and created by the magnetic components (also referred to as the magnetic interference) within a first RMI on adjacent RMIs within the RMS may depend on the distance from and strength of the magnetic source. In some configurations of the RMS, the magnetic forces of a first RMI may not interfere with one or more neighbouring or adjacent RMIs. In some configurations of the RMS, the magnetic forces of a first RMI interfere with one or more adjacent or neighbouring RMIs. The repelling magnetic instrument (RMI) of the present invention uses an entanglement of repelling magnetic forces between magnetic components to provide the oscillation movement. The magnetic components are suspended from the side supports in stable equilibrium. The repelling magnetic forces between adjacent magnetic components create an unstable equilibrium causing the oscillation movement whilst the magnetic components are trying to rebalance the forces to 0 net G force. The imbalance of the unstable equilibrium creates a complex pattern of movement thus conserving motion, momentum and energy. The movement of the magnetic components continues for over a much increased time period due to the increased conservation in energy provided. The RMI may be configured in use to activate one or more of: ferromagnetic source(s); static magnetic source(s); electromagnetic source(s); and/oror any quantum magnetic moment, or any combination thereof. The RMI may be configured in use to activate movement of one or more: variable mobile magnetic source(s); static magnetic source(s); electromagnetic source(s); and/or quantum magnetic moment, or any combination thereof. The RMI may be configured in use to operate in connection with one or more of the following: rotational energy (the energy an object possesses due to its rotation); orbital energy (the energy an object possesses due to its orbital motion around another object); coriolis energy (the energy an object possesses due to the rotation of the Earth); centrifugal energy (the energy an object possesses due to its motion away from the center of rotation); inertial energy (the energy an object possesses due to its resistance to changes in motion); translational energy (the energy an object possesses due to its motion in a straight line); rotational-translational energy (the energy of an object that is both rotating and moving in a straight line); non-conservative energy (the energy that is not conserved due to the presence of non-conservative forces); non-mechanical energy (the energy that is not associated with motion in a mechanical system); non-electromechanical energy (the energy that is not associated with motion in an electromechanical system); non-thermodynamic energy (the energy that is not associated with motion in a thermal system); non-optical energy (the energy that is not associated with motion in an optical system); non-quantum energy (the energy that is not associated with motion at the atomic and subatomic level); kinetic energy (the energy an object possesses due to its motion); thermal energy (the energy associated with the random motion of particles in a substance); elastic potential energy (the energy an object possesses due to its position within a spring or other elastic material); sound energy (the energy associated with the vibrations that travel through a medium, such as air or water, to create sound waves); gravitational potential energy (the energy an object possesses due to its position within a gravitational field); chemical energy (the energy stored within the bonds of atoms and molecules); nuclear energy (the energy stored within the nuclei of atoms); electrostatic energy (the energy associated with the positions and motions of electric charges); magnetic energy (the energy associated with the positions and motions of magnetic fields); radiant energy (the energy associated with electromagnetic waves, such as light and radio waves); gravitational waves (the energy associated with the warping of spacetime caused by massive objects); tidal energy (the energy associated with the gravitational pull of celestial bodies such as the moon and sun); nuclear fusion energy (the energy that released when atomic nuclei are fused together, as in the sun); nuclear fission energy (the energy that is released when atomic nuclei are split apart, as in a nuclear reactor); hydro kinetic energy (the energy of motion in water, such as in waves, currents, and tides); wind energy (the energy of motion in the atmosphere, such as in winds); geothermal energy (the energy of motion in the Earth, such as in heat from the Earth's core); bio kinetic energy (the energy of motion in living organisms); solar energy (the energy of motion in the form of light and heat from the sun); nuclear energy (the energy of motion in the form of particles and waves emitted by atomic nuclei); mechanical energy (the energy of motion in machines and other mechanical systems); electromechanical energy (the energy of motion in electrical and mechanical systems); acoustic energy (the energy of motion in sound waves); thermodynamic energy (the energy of motion in thermal systems); optical energy (the energy of motion in light waves); quantum energy (the energy of motion at the atomic and subatomic level); electric fields; magnetic fields; electromagnetic radiation (such as radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays, and gamma rays); electric current; electric discharge (such as lightning); electromagnetic waves in plasmas; electromagnetic waves in metamaterials; electromagnetic waves in photonic crystals; electromagnetic waves in graphene; electromagnetic waves in superconductors; electromagnetic waves in left-handed materials; electromagnetic waves in quantum vacuum; electromagnetic waves in cosmology; electromagnetic waves in quantum field theory; electromagnetic waves in quantum electrodynamics; electromagnetic waves in quantum optics; electromagnetic waves in quantum information science; electromagnetic waves in quantum computing; electromagnetic waves in quantum cryptography; electromagnetic waves in quantum entanglement; electromagnetic waves in quantum teleportation; electromagnetic waves in quantum error correction; electromagnetic waves in quantum simulation; electromagnetic waves in quantum metrology; electromagnetic waves in quantum imaging; electromagnetic waves in quantum sensing; electromagnetic waves in quantum lithography; electromagnetic waves in quantum lithography; electromagnetic waves in quantum dot; electromagnetic waves in quantum well; electromagnetic waves in quantum wire; electromagnetic waves in quantum nanostructure; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-optics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-electronics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-photonics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-plasmonics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-spintronics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-mechanics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-thermodynamics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-fluidics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-photonics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-electronics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-plasmonics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-spintronics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-mechanics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-thermodynamics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-fluidics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-optics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-sensing; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-imaging; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-medicine; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-engineering; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-technology; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-science; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-physics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-chemistry; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-materials; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-nanotechnology; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio- nanoscience; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-nanophysics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-nanochemistry; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio- nanomaterials; electric current in a wire; electric discharge (such as lightning); electromagnetic waves in plasmas; electromagnetic waves in metamaterials; electromagnetic waves in photonic crystals; electromagnetic waves in graphene; electromagnetic waves in superconductors; electromagnetic waves in left-handed materials; electromagnetic waves in quantum vacuum; electromagnetic waves in cosmology; electromagnetic waves in quantum field theory; electromagnetic waves in quantum electrodynamics; electromagnetic waves in quantum optics; electromagnetic waves in quantum information science; electromagnetic waves in quantum computing; electromagnetic waves in quantum cryptography; electromagnetic waves in quantum entanglement; electromagnetic waves in quantum teleportation; electromagnetic waves in quantum error correction; electromagnetic waves in quantum simulation; electromagnetic waves in quantum metrology; electromagnetic waves in quantum imaging; electromagnetic waves in quantum sensing; electromagnetic waves in quantum lithography; electromagnetic waves in quantum dot; electromagnetic waves in quantum well; electromagnetic waves in quantum wire; electromagnetic waves in quantum nanostructure; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-optics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-electronics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-photonics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-plasmonics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-spintronics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-mechanics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-thermodynamics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-fluidics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-photonics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-electronics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-plasmonics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-spintronics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-mechanics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-thermodynamics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-fluidics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-optics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-sensing; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-imaging; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-medicine; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-engineering; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-technology; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-science; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-physics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-chemistry; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-materials; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-nanotechnology; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio- nanoscience; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-nanophysics; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio-nanochemistry; electromagnetic waves in quantum nano-bio- nanomaterials; vibration energy, or any combination thereof. Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in more detail in relation to the accompanying Figures: BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a perspective view of the repelling magnetic instrument according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic illustration of a view from a first end of the repelling magnetic instrument of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of a view from above of the repelling magnetic instrument of Figure 1; Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of a side view of the repelling magnetic instrument of Figure 1. Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of a perspective view of the repelling magnetic instrument according to a further embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic illustration of a view from a first end of the repelling magnetic instrument of Figure 5; Figure 7 is a schematic illustration of a view from above of the repelling magnetic instrument of Figure 5; Figure 8 is a schematic illustration of a side view of the repelling magnetic instrument of Figure 5; and Figure 9 is a schematic illustration from above comparing a conventional repelling magnetic instrument comprising magnetic components suspended on a single pair of pendulum lines and the repelling magnetic instrument according to one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION With reference to the Figures, the repelling magnetic instrument (RMI) 1, 1’ comprises a pair of spaced apart side supports 2a, 2b, 2a’, 2b’. Each side support 2a, 2b, 2a’, 2b’ has a first end 4a, 4b, 4a’, 4b’ and an opposed second end 6a, 6b. In the illustrated embodiment, the side supports 2a, 2b, 2a’, 2b’ are provided by tubular frame members. It is however to be understood that one or more, for example each, side support may be provided as a planar member and is not to be limited to tubular frame members. The side supports 2a, 2b, 2a’, 2b’ extend substantially parallel to each other. The side supports 2a, 2b, 2a’, 2b’ may be composed of any suitable non-magnetic material, such as for example plastic or metal (or a combination thereof). The instrument 1 further comprises a first magnetic component 8, 8’ composed of magnetic material suspended from each of the pair of the side supports 2a, 2b, 2a’, 2b’ and positioned therebetween. The instrument 1, 1’ further comprises four second magnetic components 10, 10’, 12, 12’, 14, 14’, 16, 16’. It is to be understood that the instrument 1, 1’ may comprise any suitable number of second magnetic components, and is not to be limited to four second magnetic components. Each second magnetic component is suspended from each of the pair of the side supports 2a, 2b, 2a’, 2b’ to be positioned therebetween. The first 8 and second magnetic components 10, 10’, 12, 12’, 14, 14’, 16, 16’ are substantially aligned along a first axis A-A’ extending parallel to an axis extending between the first 4a, 4b, 4a’, 4b’ and second ends 6a, 6b, 6a’, 6b’ of each side support 2a, 2b, 2a’, 2b’. The first 8, 8’ and second magnetic components 10, 10’, 12, 12’, 14, 14’, 16, 16’ are substantially centrally aligned between the side support 2a, 2b, 2a’, 2b’. The first 8, 8’ and second magnetic components 10, 10’, 12, 12’, 14, 14’, 16, 16’ are composed of neodymium. It is however to be understood that the first and second magnetic components may be composed of any suitable magnetic material, and is not to be limited to neodymium. The magnetic components may be permanent magnets. The magnetic components may be temporary magnets, such as for example electromagnets. The first 8, 8’ and second magnetic components 10-16, 10’-16’ are substantially cuboid in shape having substantially identical dimensions. It is however to be understood that the magnetic components may have any suitable shape and/or dimensions. The first 8, 8’ and second magnetic components 10-16, 10’-16’ are aligned to provide a chain of magnetic components exerting inversely opposing magnetic forces between pairs of adjacent magnetic components to provide oscillation movement. Each magnetic component 8-16, 8’-16’ is configured to repel the or each adjacent magnetic component 8-16, 8’-16’ to provide oscillation movement of the first and at least one second magnetic components 8- 16, 8’-16’ along the first axis. For example, the south pole of a first magnetic component 8, 8’ is located adjacent the south pole of an adjacent second magnetic component 10, 10’. The north pole of the second magnetic component 10, 10’ is located adjacent the north pole of an adjacent second magnetic component 12, 12’. This magnetic alignment extends along the first axis of the first and second magnetic components 8-16, 8’-16’. The first 8 and second magnetic components 10-16, 10’-16’ are each suspended on two pairs of non-elastic pendulum lines 34a-b, 34a’-b’, 36a-b, 36a’-b’, 38a-b, 38a’-b’, 40a-b, 40a’-b’, 42a-b, 42a’-b’ to provide oscillation motion, for example swinging motion. The pendulum lines are V-shaped. Each pendulum line within a pair of pendulum lines 34a-b, 34a’-b’, 36a- b, 36a’-b’, 38a-b, 38a’-b’, 40a-b, 40a’-b’, 42a-b, 42a’-b’ extends from opposing sides of the corresponding magnetic component 8-16, 8’-16’. Each pendulum line within a pair of pendulum lines 34a-b, 34a’-b’, 36a-b, 36a’-b’, 38a-b, 38a’-b’, 40a-b, 40a’-b’, 42a-b, 42a’-b’ is secured to the corresponding magnetic component 8-16, 8’-16’ along the centre of gravity. The two pairs of non-elastic pendulum lines 34a-b, 34a’-b’, 36a-b, 36a’-b’, 38a-b, 38a’-b’, 40a- b, 40a’-b’, 42a-b, 42a’-b’ are spaced apart from each other along the corresponding magnetic component 8-16, 8’-16’. The two pairs of non-elastic pendulum lines 34a-b, 34a’-b’, 36a-b, 36a’-b’, 38a-b, 38a’-b’, 40a-b, 40a’-b’, 42a-b, 42a’-b’ extend substantially parallel to each other. Each second magnetic component is spaced apart at a predetermined distance from the or each adjacent first 8, 8’ and/or further second magnetic component(s) 10, 10’, 12, 12’, 14, 14’, 16, 16’. The distance between the adjacent magnetic components may be selected to determine the spring constant and standing equilibrium force. The instrument 1, 1’ further comprises a base 18, 18’ having a first end 20, 20’, a second opposed end 22, 22’ and a pair of opposed side portions 24a, 24a’, 24b, 24b’ extending therebetween. Each side support 2a, 2a’, 2b, 2b’ upstands from and extends along or adjacent at least a portion of a corresponding side portion 24a, 24a’, 24b, 24b’ of the base 18, 18’. The base 18, 18’ and the side portions 2a, 2a’, 2b, 2b’ define an oscillation unity defining a cavity 26, 26’. The oscillation unit is open ended at the first and second opposed ends 20, 20’, 22, 22’ of the base 18, 18’ to allow movement of the first and/or second magnetic components 8-16, 8’-16’ therethrough. The instrument 1 as shown in Figures 1 to 4 further comprises an arm member 28 comprising a first free end 30 providing a third magnetic component 32 composed of magnetic material. The arm member 28 is located adjacent the first end 20 of the base 18 and is substantially centrally located between the side portions 2a, 2b. The third magnetic component 32 is aligned with the first axis A-A’ defined by the first 8 and second magnetic components 10-16 (i.e. is substantially centrally located between the side portions 2a, 2b). The third magnetic component 32 is configured to repel the adjacent first magnetic component 8. It is to be understood that the instrument may, in some embodiments (for example as shown in Figures 5 to 8), not contain an arm member. Furthermore, in one or more embodiments, the instrument may comprise a pair of arm members. Each arm member being located adjacent opposed ends of the side portions and/or base. In use, the magnetic components 8-16, 8’-16’ are spaced apart along the side portions at predetermined spacings dependent on the required standing equilibrium force and spring constant for conservation of energy and motion. The spring constant (k) and standing equilibrium force (F) for a system comprising two magnetic components may be calculated as follows: 1. r = suspended distance apart, 2. B = the magnetic flux and 3. H = magnetic field strength; Spring constant (k) = (B1H1r + B2H2r) - ∀>99.99% = k Standing equilibrium force, wherein m = said mass with magnetic properties. F = (µ 0 /4π) (m 1 m 2 /r 2 ) The oscillation movement may result from exertion of an external force applied to the instrument. The external force may for example be applied by force applied to one or more magnetic components of the instrument, and one by an external magnetic force. The oscillation movement may include movement towards a base or contact surface located between the side supports, such as for example a table or ground surface. Oscillation may be initiated on application of an external force to the instrument, for example to one or more magnetic components. The external force may be applied for example by a contact force, or by a non-contact force such as for example by a magnetic force. The movement of a magnetic component towards an adjacent magnetic component, whilst experiencing magnetic repulsion forces, provides complex oscillation movement (for example complex harmonic motion), of the magnetic components of the instrument along the first axis and within a single plane. The repelling magnetic instrument (RMI) of the present invention uses an entanglement of repelling magnetic forces between magnetic components to provide the oscillation movement. The magnetic components are suspended from the side supports in stable equilibrium. The repelling magnetic forces between adjacent magnetic components create an unstable equilibrium causing the oscillation movement whilst the magnetic components are trying to rebalance the forces to 0 net G force. The imbalance of the unstable equilibrium creates a complex pattern of movement thus conserving motion, momentum and energy. The movement of the magnetic components continues for over a much increased time period due to the increased conservation in energy provided. As shown in Figure 9, in use a repelling magnetic instrument 100 comprising magnetic components 108, 110 each suspended by a single pair of pendulum lines 134 from side supports gives rise to a spinning movement relative to the aligned first axis of the component. As such, the oscillation movement created is unstable. In comparison, in use the repelling magnetic instrument 101’ of the present invention comprises magnetic components 108’, 110’ each suspended by two pairs of spaced apart pendulum lines 134’a,b from sude supports. The oscillation of the magnetic components 108’, 110’ is therefore limited to one plane of free motion and provides a stable vertical equilibrium