Description of the Prior Art Electric rotary equipment constructions known until now. whether generators or direct-current or alternating-current electric motors are built-up especially so that a rotor consists of an electromagnet, to which an electric current is supplied through sliding contacts, mainly of carbon, and a stator of an electric motor consists of an even number of magnetic poles having a time constant polarity. The main drawbacks of these constructions are especially a rubbing contact of a rotor, causing losses due to a mechanical friction, formation of undesirable dust particles from an abrasion and a frequent wear of carbon contacts, resulting in their increased failure rate and shortened durability. The drawbacks of electric motor stators are particularly in that they do not sufficiently ensure a start up and a stop of a rotor in the same position. unsufficiently fulfil the requirement for a very precise number of rotor revolutions and with these constructions it is practically impossible to reach a synchronization of rotor revolutions of several electric motors at the same time.

Known are also constructions of induction electric motors without rubbing contacts with a short-circuit armature, their drawback being a great weight and dimensions in comparison with their capacity, high frequency of repairs due to an overload and a limited utilization in portable electric equipment.

Summary of the Invention The drawbacks mentioned above are to a large extent removed by an electric rotary equipment serving for the conversion of a mechanical energy into an electric energy-an alternator, or of an electric energy into a mechanical energy-an electric motor, consisting of a stator and a rotor according to this invention, the subject-matter of which consists in that the rotor in form of a hollow cylinder is formed of the first and the second system of segments, made out of a magnetic material. These systems are separated from one another by a non-magnetic insulating layer or medium. A two-member stator of such an equipment is formed of an internal member consisting of an electromagnet situated in a cavity of a rotor cylinder and of an external member, consisting of a set of electric windings, either of an alternator or an electric motor. The windings are situated symmetrically on an internal circumference of a stator casing. The electric motor can also advantageously contain an electronic control system to control the magnetic polarity of magnetic stator poles. The inter- connection of the stator with the rotor is ensured by means of rotary transition elements, particularly bearings.

Lamella segments of the first system and of the second system of the rotor segments are made out in the form of comb-like projectures, alternately, symmetrically arranged over the casing of a cylinder rotor and their number is always even and uniformly divided between both segment systems.

The electric inlets of a stator electromagnet are advantageously led out through a cavity of a hollow shaft.

To each individual electric winding of an electric motor, being always in odd number. is advantageously connected an external electronic power switch of the electric polarity of windings so that a magnetic influence of force of magnetic stator poles on magnetic rotor poles created in each position of the rotor torsional moments of forces with an identical orientation influencing this rotor.

The electronic power switches are operated by contactless switches responding to a magnetic field of two pairs of magnetic winged lamellas, attached facing to one

another on a non-magnetic case, slid coaxially on a solid shaft of the rotor so that the gaps between winged lamellas are directed vertically towards the axis of the rotor rotation. The contactless switches are uniformly arranged on an inner edge of a stator holder so as to engage into the gaps between two side by side situated. identically directed and magnetically oppositely poled magnetic winged lamella. The number of contactless switches corresponds with the number of individual electric windings of an electric motor with poles.

Description of the Drawings The invention is explained more in detail in the enclosed drawings, where : Fig. 1 shows an arrangement of the main parts of an electric motor in a taken apart state Fig. 2 shows an arrangement of the main parts of an alternator in a taken apart state Fig. 3 shows a system of rotor lamella segments in a taken apart state Fig. 4 shows a partial arrangement of a taken apart state of a rotor construction with an electromagnet of a stator Fig. 5 shows a taken apart rotor system with a situated electromagnet and a stator with windings for an alternator Fig. 6 shows a taken apart rotor arrangement with a situated electromagnet and of a stator with separated windings for an electric motor also with a situated magnetic control system of an electronic control unit Fig. 7 shows a block diagram of all mechanical, electro-mechanical and electrical parts arrangement of an electric motor Fig. 8a represents schematically the mechanical influence of a magnetic control system Fig. 8b represents schematically the influence of force of magnetic stator poles on magnetic rotor poles in an electric motor Fig. 9 represents schematically forces influencing a rotor of an electric motor in one rotation cycle

Description of the Preferred Embodiment Example No. 1 As the first example, the solution of an electric rotary equipment serving for the conversion of a mechanical energy into an electric energy, that is an alternator is introduced.

The arrangement of the main parts of such an alternatior (Fig. 2) consists of a rotor 1 made out of the first system of segments 11 and the second system of segments 12 (Fig. 3) where each of these systems 11, 12 has two segments of a rectangular snape made out of a magnetic material, which are alternately symmetrically arranged on a casing of a cylinder rotor. One base of the hollow cylinder with a solid shaft 14 is firmly connected with the first system of segments 11 and the second base is formed of a flange 121 of the rotor 1 (Fig. 4) screwed to the second system of segments 12, whereby in the flange 121 is situated a rotary transition element 16 in the form of a ball bearing. Both bases are also made out of a magnetic material.

The first system of segments 11 and the second system of segments 12 are firmly connected one to another with a non-magnetic insulating layer 13, an aluminium.

On the solid shaft 14 is fixedly situated a driving pulley 17 to a rotational external mechanism. In the rotor 1 cavity is coaxially situated an electromagnet 21 of a cylindrical shape, which electric inlets 211 from an accumulator (not shown) are led through the cavity of a hollow shaft 22 interconnected with the rotor 1 by means of the rotary transition element 16, of a bearing. This electromagnet 21 is an internal member of a two-member stator 2. The external member of the stator 2 consists of a set of electric windings of an alternator 23, composed of interconnected coils with cores, situated on the internal circumference of a casing 27. Electric outlets 231 of the electric winding of the alternator 23 are led out to a rectifier (not shown). The external and internal members of the stator 2 (Fig. 5) are fixedly connected one to another by screwing of a right cover 28 and the connection is fixed by a nut 221.

The operation is initiated by connecting of a direct-current voltage of an accumulator via electric inlets 211 into a coil of the electromagnet 21 of the stator 2, whereby a magnetic field is formed which is suitably controlled by an external speed controller 32 (shown in Fig. 7). As the rotor 1 is situated in this magnetic field. a magnetizing of the first system of segments 11 into the south magnetic poles J1, J2 (shown in Fig. 5) and of the second system of segments 12 into the north magnetic poles S1, S2 or vice versa takes place. The mechanical energy supplied via the driving pulley 17 starts rotating the rotor 1 and its alternately arranged magnetic poles J1, S1, J2, S2, due to a motion alongside the cores I and electric windings of the alternator 23 induce an electromotive force therein. The electric energy generated in this way is drawn from the stator 2 via electric outlets 231, suitably rectified by an external rectifier and is ready to use.

Example No. 2 As the second example the solution of an electric rotary equipment serving for the conversion of an electric energy into the mechanic energy, that is an electric motor is introduced.

The arrangement of the main parts of such an electric motor (Fig. 1) consists of the rotor 1 (marked with an arrow for the rotation) and of the stator 2. described in the example 1, with the difference in that the external member of the stator 2 IS not composed of the set of electric windings of the alternator 23. but of the set of separated electric windings of the electric motor 24, 25, 26 having separated electric outlets 241, 251, 261, connected to the external electronic power switches of the polarity of magnetic stator poles A, B, C operated by contacless switches 292. 293.

294 symmetrically arranged on the internal part of an annular holder 291. fixed in a left cover 29 of an electric motor. On the solid shaft 14 of the rotor 1 also situated is a magnetic control system 15 (Fig. 6) of the contactless switches 292, 293, 294. Its construction is set up of two pairs of magnetic winged lamellas 142, made out of a magnetic material, fixed from the opposite sides of a non-magnetic case 141 in a vertical direction towards the solid shaft 14.

The case 141 is interconnected with the external member of the stator 2 by means of the rotary transition element 16 being a ball bearing situated in the left cover 29 The arrangement of an electric motor is completed (Fig. 7) with a speed reverser 33. speed controller 32 and electronic power switches 30 of the electric polarity of electric windings of the electric motor 24, 25, 26 and thus also of the magnetic polarity of magnetic stator poles A, B, C of an electromotor. As electric energy sources are used voltage sources Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4 and a regulated source 31.

The operation of an electric motor is initiated by magnetizing of the first system of segments 11 and correspondingly of the second system of segments 12. as described in the example No. 1. into the magnetic poles J1, J2, S1, S2. The contactless switches 292, 293. 294 respond to the presence of a magnetic field so that they form on their outlets either a logic zero-without an impulse, or a logic one-a length impulse dependent on a width of magnetic winged lamellas 142, led out into the electronic power switches 30, changing over the excitation power current in electric windings of the electric motor 24, 25, 26 in such a way that the magnetic stator poles A. B C exercise an influence by means of repulsive (in Fig. 8 and 9 shown by intermittent arrows) and attractive (in Fig. 8 and 9 shown by full arrows) magnetic forces upon magnetic rotor poles J1, J2, S1, S2 in each position of the rotor 1 with equally directed torsional moments of forces influencing the rotor 1. The reversal of poles of the magnetic stator poles A, B, C takes place in the position X (marked in Fig. 8 and 9) Six positions of the rotor 1, creating in this case one cycle are shown in six situations (Fig. 9), whereby the reversal of poles of the magnetic stator poles A. B, C occurs always in that moment when the centre thereof coincides with the centre of an analogous magnetic rotor pole J1, J2, S1, S2. In the following table to the Figure No. 9 are shown the magnetic polarity of stator poles A, B, C, the application of stator poles A, B, C force upon the rotor poles J1, J2, S1, S2 and a logic combination in individual six positions of the rotor 1. The logic one"I"in the table corresponds with the south pole of the stator-J and the logic zero, 0" corresponds to the north pole of the stator-S. The abbreviation"OD"means the repulsion of magnetic poles and the abbreviation"PR"means the attractive interaction of magnetic poles.

Table to the Fig. 9 Position Stator poles Rotor pole Rotor pole Rotor pole Rotor pole Logic ombination Su y A S ! OD ! PR 0 1 B S PR OD O C J PR OD I A S OD PR O 2 J # B J PR OD C J PR OD A S OD PR O 3 B J PR OO I X C PR OD OD 0 X A J OD PR OD B J PR OD C S PR OD O PR OD I 5 # B S OD OD PR O C S PR OD O A J PR OD I 6 B S OD PR O X C J PR OD # A S PR OD O 7 B S OD PR O C J PR CD !

As follows from the table and the Fig. 9, there is not any so-called dead point in the construction of an electric motor according to this invention ; it is efficient. with the possibility to keep a mathematically exact number of revolutions controllable in a full extent ; its weight and dimensions with respect to the capacity are moderate ; and in case of the two-pole rotor, it is able to keep precisely the optionally selected initial and final position of the rotor.

The solution of the electric motor construction can be carried out with various even numbers of the rotor poles and odd numbers of the stator poles according to the technical requirements to be fulfilled by an electric motor.

The mentioned two examples are only characteristic examples of the use of this invention and do not exclude its use in other solutions or the utilization of partial elements and combinations thereof, proposed by the invention for further new arrangements of the construction, whether with the contemporary state of the art or other suitable constructions.