| JPH04183284A | 1992-06-30 | |||
| JPS60226765A | 1985-11-12 | |||
| JP3139037U | 2008-01-31 |
| SCALABLE FREE ENERGY MOTOR UTILIZING PERMANENT MAGNETS IN COUNTER- ROTATING FERROMAGNETIC SHIELD CLAIM 1 This invention utilizes the repelling forces of strong permanent magnets to produce usable rotary force in a configuration comprising three 90-degree permanent magnet rotor segments, three pairs of 90-degree permanent magnet stator segments, a cylindrical ferromagnetic shield, crown gears with spur gears, track gears and spur gear for stators, control lever and track gear, linear guides and rollers, a drive shaft with aluminum supports and bearings where the desired repelling force between magnets on the rotor and the stator magnets are harnessed at appropriate positions of the ferromagnetic shield. CLAIM 2 The permanent magnet rotor segment recited in claim 1 is a 90-degree permanent magnet segment magnetized through its thickness that is mounted on a ferromagnetic case on all sides except the outer side, and this case is in turn mounted on an aluminum rotor segment form. Three of these combined segments are mounted on the drive shaft at 120-degrees from each other. That is, the second segment is 120-degrees clockwise from the first segment, and the third segment is 120- degrees clockwise from the second segment. CLAIM 3 The permanent magnet stator segment recited in claim 1 is a 90-degree permanent magnet segment magnetized through its thickness that is mounted on a ferromagnetic case on all sides except the inner side, and three of these magnets-in-cases are in turn mounted on an aluminum support. Two of these assemblies are mounted opposite each other on linear guides and rollers. CLAIM 4 The cylindrical ferromagnetic shield recited in claim 1 is made of laminated, insulated ferromagnetic material such as MuMetal®. The cylinder has three slots cut where the width of the each slot is slightly larger than the width of the rotor segment recited in claim 2. The dimension of the slot measured along the circumference of the cylinder spans an angle of 140-degrees (or any angle between 110 and 170) measured at the cylinder's geometric center. There will be three of such slots, with the second slot positioned 120-degrees anti-clockwise from the first, and the third slot positioned 120-degrees anti-clockwise from the second. Axially, the first slot aligns with the first rotor segment, the second slot aligns with the second rotor segment and the third slot aligns with the third rotor segment. At each end of the cylinder is a ferromagnetic disc fitted to the cylinder with screws, with roller bearings at the disc's center through which the drive shaft will go. The cylinder will turn about freely about the drive shaft. CLAIM 5 The magnets of the rotor segments as recited in claim 2 are oriented to oppose the magnets of the stator segments as recited in claim 3. CLAIM 6 The crown gears with spur gears as recited in claim 1 are used to make the cylindrical ferromagnetic shield rotate in the opposite direction when the drive shaft rotates. Two crown gears are fixed on the end discs of the cylindrical ferromagnetic shield with the gear teeth facing out. Two crown gears are fixed on the drive shaft with the gear teeth facing in such that together with the spur gears, the drive shaft's rotation will always produce an identical opposite rotation of the cylindrical ferromagnetic shield. CLAIM 7 The track gears and spur gear for stators as recited in claim 1 are used to make the stator assemblies as recited in claim 2 travel simultaneously in opposing directions. One track gear is fixed underneath one stator assembly with its free end extending beneath the other stator assembly. Likewise for the other track gear, with the teeth sides of both track gears facing each other. A spur gear is fixed midway and engaging both track gears so that moving one stator assembly along the linear guides will cause the other stator assembly to move equal amounts but in the opposite direction. Moving the stator assemblies apart serves to 'turn off the device. CLAIM 8 The control lever and track gear as recited in claim 1 provides a simple means of holding the permanent magnet stator assemblies in place after moving them. The spring-loaded control lever is fixed on the side of one permanent magnet stator assembly and the track gear is fixed to the device base beneath the control lever. One end of the lever has a tapered tooth that engages on the track gear below by the force of the spring. By depressing the other end of the control lever, the tapered tooth end will lift up and disengage from the track gear below. After moving the permanent magnet stator assemblies to the desired position, release the lever and the tapered tooth will engage with the track gear and hold the permanent magnet stator assemblies in place. CLAIM 9 The drive shaft with aluminum supports as recited in claim 1 holds the three permanent magnet rotors as recited in claim 2 and the two crown gears as recited in claim 6 and is held in place on the aluminum supports with bearings. CLAIM 10 This invention is designed to utilize the force of repelling magnetic fields by exposing repelling regions that are needed to turn the rotor and block regions that would go against the rotation. A strong rotary force will be produced. As the rotor turns, a small force is expended in turning the ferromagnetic shield in the opposite direction. The combined movement ensures that the interactions of the magnetic fields are always in favor of producing the desired net rotary force. CLAIM 1 1 This invention is designed for scalability. As a standalone device, the size can be increased to incorporate the use of bigger, more powerful magnets to deliver a greater rotary force. Greater rotary force can also be provided by increasing the permanent magnet rotor segments by multiples of three with corresponding increase in the permanent magnet stator segment pairs and appropriate changes to the cylindrical ferromagnetic shield. To maintain the rigidity of the cylindrical ferromagnetic shield as it gets longer in this scale-up, ferromagnetic discs identical to that used at the cylinder's ends can be added between every three permanent magnet rotor segments. For a six- segment device, the angle of 120-degrees as recited in claims 2 and 4 will have to be changed to 60- degrees. As a rule of thumb, this angle is equal to 360 divided by the total number of segments. This will improve the uniformity of the rotary force as compared to using 120-degrees for all number of segments. Use of a flywheel for certain applications will then not be necessary. CLAIM 12 The angle 90-degrees as recited in claims 1, 2 and 3, and the angle 120-degrees as recited in claims 2, 4 and 1 1, and the angle 140-degrees as recited in claim 4 are angles suitable for use. They are by no means the only angles that can be used. A change in the angular dimension of one component must be matched by corresponding changes in the other components so that a strong net rotary force is continuously produced. Certain angles may make it advantageous to increase the minimum number of rotor segments to more than three. CLAIM 13 The components crown gears with spur gears, track gears and spur gear for stators, control lever and track gear, linear guides and rollers as recited in claim 1 are used in achieving the desired outcome in this invention. Other types of components may be used as long as they have the same functions as these components. |
DESCRIPTION
This invention harnesses the repelling forces of strong permanent magnets to produce useful rotary force. The device consists of a rotor with a minimum of three magnet segments mounted on a drive shaft in interaction with stationary magnets which movement is facilitated by a counter-rotating cylindrical ferromagnetic shield. Any strong permanent magnets can be used. Magnet segments on the rotor are positioned such that at least one magnet segment will always be experiencing strong angular force in the interaction with the magnet segment fixed on the stator frame. As the rotor turns, the ferromagnetic shield turns in the opposite direction and before one repelling region closes another region will be opened up, thus providing continuous angular motion.
It is worth noting that in nature, there are now only two physical properties where energy is not needed to produce a change in momentum: one is the force of attraction between matter with mass, and the other is magnetic force. The former is clearly seen in the alteration of path of movement of celestial bodies in interaction with other bodies, a property commonly known as gravity. NASA used this property to 'sling-shot' spacecrafts to increase the velocity, and hence momentum of the crafts without using additional fuel. Overall, there is conservation of momentum but the result is that one can make use of this gravity property to increase the momentum of an object. Likewise, this invention made use of magnetic force and through this unique design the angular momentum of the rotor is produced.
This device requires a minimum of three magnet segments, each a 90-degree segment, and the three segments are positioned 120 degrees apart on the rotor drive shaft. To scale up, one way is by size. That is, increase the size of the components, magnets, etc. Another way is to increase the number of magnet segments by multiples of three. For a device with six segments, the segments are positioned 60 degrees apart on the rotor drive shaft. Each segment need to remain a 90-degree segment. Naturally, each segment of magnet works with a pair of stator magnets and a
corresponding opening in the ferromagnetic shield, details of which will be covered in the construction below.
CONSTRUCTION
In Fig. 1, RM1, RM2, RM3 are the three rotor segments. Each is a 90-degree segment and consists of three parts - a permanent magnet segment inserted into a ferromagnetic case that is shaped to cover 5 sides of the magnet leaving the out- facing surface open; this ferromagnetic case is then mounted on an aluminum rotor segment which is then fixed on the drive shaft SH. The three rotor segments are mounted on the drive shaft at 120-degrees from each other. The drive shaft SH rotates freely on the rotor supports RSI and RS2 through the use of bearings BR1 and BR2. The magnet segments are magnetized through its thickness with the North pole open and facing outwards.
Fig. 2 shows the ferromagnetic shield. To prevent eddy currents, the shield is made of insulated, laminated ferromagnetic material as shown in the close-up section. The radial thickness and material of the shield should be thinnest possible to prevent field saturation. Laminated MuMetal® is one possible material. On the cylindrical surface of the shield, slots are cut as shown, with SLOT1 position axial- wise corresponding with rotor segment RM1, SLOT2 with RM2 and SLOT3 with RM3. Each slot opening made an angle of 140-degrees when measured from the center line of the cylinder. It is estimated at this time that the angle can be a value between 110 and 170 degrees. In all the diagrams, the value of 170 is used for illustration. The angular positions of the slots are also 120-degrees apart but in the opposite direction of the rotor segments. This is shown in Fig. 10 which shows the cross section of the three rotor segments and the corresponding positions of the slots in the shield MSB. In this figure Fig. 10, RM2 is 120-degrees clockwise from RM1, whereas the slot at RM2 is 120-degrees counter-clockwise from the slot at RM1. Likewise at RM3.
Looking at Fig. 2 again, the cylindrical shield MSB with slots are closed at both ends with ferromagnetic disks MSI and MS2, with bearings BS1 and BS2 at the discs' centers. The bearings allow the shield to rotate freely on the drive shaft SH. Specifically, the shield will turn in tandem with the rotor, but in the opposite direction. This is facilitated by counter-rotation crown gears as shown in Fig. 3.
In Fig. 3, CGRl and CGR2 will be fixed on the rotor drive shaft SH. CGSl and CGS2 will be fixed on the end discs MS land MS2 of the shield MSB. Spur gears SPl, SP2 (hidden), SP3 and SP4 are mounted on pairs of supports SGI and SG2. When CGRl and CGR2 turn, CGSl and CGS2 will turn an equal amount but in the opposite direction.
Fig. 4 shows the shield MSB and the counter-rotating crown gears together.
Fig. 5 shows the inclusion of the magnet rotor assembly. The magnet segment RM2 on the rotor can be seen through SLOT2. Bearings BS1 (hidden) and BS2 allow the shield MSB to turn freely independently of the drive shaft SH. CGRl and CGR2 are fixed on the drive shaft SH. CGSl and CGS2 (hidden) are fixed on the shield MSB. With spur gears SPl , SP2 (hidden), SP3 (hidden), SP4 (hidden) the shield MSB will always rotate in response to the drive shaft SH but in the opposite direction.
Fig. 6 shows the stator magnets and frame assembly. On aluminum frame MFl there are three magnet segments mounted, again, on ferromagnetic case that covers its five sides, leaving the inward surface open. Each segment also covers an angle of 90-degrees when measured at its imaginary center. The magnet segments are magnetized through its thickness with the North pole open and facing inwards. The three segments are positioned to align with the rotor magnets. Frame MF2 is identical to MFl with its magnet segments.
To control this device, MFl and MF2 must be able to be moved further apart or closer again. Fig. 7 shows the MFl and MF2 mounted on linear guides. These guides consist of two linear tracks LT1 and LT2, and 4 pairs of linear rollers LR1 , ... LR4. Two pairs of linear rollers are fixed at the bottom of MFl and another two pairs at MF2. To facilitate the simultaneous movement of both MFl and MF2, two track gears TGI, TG2 are used in conjunction with a spur gear SP5. TGI is fixed underneath MF2 with its free end extending beneath MFl . Conversely, TG2 is fixed underneath MFl with its free end extending beneath MF2. Spur gear SP5 is positioned exactly at the center between MFl and MF2 engaging both TGI and TG2. With this in place, moving MFl will cause an opposite corresponding movement of MF2.
To be able to keep MFl and MF2 in position after moving them, a control mechanism is needed and a simple one is proposed in Fig. 8. A control lever CL is attached to MFl above a control track gear CT. A spring CS in CL keeps the control lever CL engaged to the track gear CT. To move MFl and MF2, the control lever is depressed at CP to release the catch at the far end and then released when MFl and MF2 is at the desired position.
Fig. 9 shows the complete device.
MAGNET INTERACTION DETAILS
Fig. 10 shows the end view of the drive shaft with the first rotor magnet segment RM1 shown on top, the second RM2 in the middle and the third rotor magnet segment RJVI3 at the bottom. This shows the three rotor magnet segments as they appear at that point in time. The stator magnet segments SMI and SM2 are on the left and right of the rotor magnet segments. The ferromagnetic shield MSB at the three rotor magnet segment positions is also shown. Note that the device need not be set to this position to start. However, during assembly, the components must be calibrated at this position. Thereafter, the relative positions will be consistent one with another and can be started from any of its 'rest' positions.
At RM1 , there is some attraction force experienced radially between RM1 and the shield, with almost zero angular force. At RM2, there is a strong angular fo r ce in counter-clockwise direction on the RM2 due to the repelling forces between RM2 and the stator magnet at SM2. At RM3, there is a small counter-clockwise force due to mutual attraction of RM3 and the shield if the slot here is at 170-degrees. If the slot here is 140-degrees, forces here will be radial and angular force will be almost zero. At this rotor position, there is a strong net counter-clockwise force provided largely by RM2.
As the rotor moves, the shield at RM1 moves away and the repelling force at RMl grows at the same time as the repelling force at RM2 reduces. Fig. 11 shows the positions after the rotor has rotated counter-clockwise 40-degrees. The counter-clockwise force at RMl is now very strong even as the force at RM2 diminishes. At RM3, the force is still largely radial and hence contribute very little to the rotation. Here it becomes apparent why the slot openings should be over an angle of between 110 and 170 degrees. At RM2, the shield would position itself early enough between RM2 and the stator magnet at SMI to minimize the repelling force between RM2 and the stator magnet at SMI as the leading edge of RM2 approaches the top end of the stator magnet at SMI . At this rotor position, there is a strong net counter-clockwise force provided largely by RMl .
As the rotor moves, the shield at RM3 moves away and the repelling force at RM3 grows at the same time as the repelling force at RMl reduces. Fig. 12 shows the positions after the rotor has rotated counter-clockwise another 40-degrees. The counter-clockwise force at RM3 is now very strong even as the force at RMl diminishes. At RM2, the force is largely radial and hence contribute very little to the rotation. At this rotor position, there is a strong net counter-clockwise force provided largely by both RMl and RM3.
As the rotor moves, the strong net counter-clockwise force will then be provided largely by RM3. After it has turned another 40-degrees, the positions (Fig. 13) then becomes identical to the 'initial' positions, except that now RM2, RM3 and RMl are similar in interactions as in the 'initial' positions RMl, RM2 and RM3 respectively. The interactions described above then repeat.
As long as the stator magnets are in position close to the shield, the rotor will continue to turn with a strong force. To 'turn off this device, depress the control lever CL at CP (Fig. 9), pull MFl away, then release the lever. This can reduce the field interactions enough to stop the rotor. To 'turn on', simply do the opposite.
SCALABILITY
One inherent feature of this design is in its scalability. The size of the device can be scaled up to use larger and/or stronger magnets to increase the power of the device. The number of magnet interaction regions can be increased. The basic device here has three magnet segments on the rotor, three pairs of stator magnet segments on the frame, and three slots cut in the ferromagnetic shield. To increase the interaction regions, increase the rotor segments by multiples of three. For example, we could have six magnet segments on the rotor, six pairs of stator magnet segments on the frame, and six slots cut in the ferromagnetic shield. In this six-segment-rotor device, it is recommended that the rotor magnet segments and the shield slots be spaced out by 60-degrees instead of 120- degrees. This will make the turning action smoother. Similarly, for a nine-segment-rotor device, the angular spacing should be 40-degrees. As a rule of thumb, the angular spacing should be 360 divided by the total number of rotor segments. Where more segments are used, the ferromagnetic shield cylinder may require additional intervening discs with corresponding bearings to ensure the shield cylinder remain rigid as it turns.
Through the use of non-rusting material and self-lubricating bearings and gears, the device can be housed in a dust-free environment and be virtually maintenance -free.
EFFICIENCY
This device is strong on conservation of momentum in that all movements are rotary and continuous. There is no unnecessary loss of momentum (and thus energy) in devices that have components that move up-down, in-out, swing back and forth, etc., such as found in devices using pistons and levers.
POSSIBLE APPLICATIONS
This design can be used in almost any applications that can benefit from the use of a free energy motor. It can be used in table and exhaust fans, vehicles, pumps, compressors, right up to power generators. As this device will be non-polluting and requires no air intake and produce no exhaust, it can be used to drive generators in submarines and even spacecrafts.
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