A SUBSOIL HEATING SYSTEM

Technical field

The present invention refers to the technical field relative to the production of heat.

In particular, the invention refers to an innovative system that allows the heating of the subsoil through a liquid circulation system.

Background art

A recent cosmological-physics theory is well-known that includes among its own direct consequences the possibility of using a new source of energy, i.e. the so- called "Byuon" theory. This theory is substantially based on the observation of a marginal anisotropy of the physical space, to which a cosmological vector potential Ag is associated having the dimensions of the vector potential of a magnetic field.

Such a theory is, for example, explained in the publication "La Trama Svelata", Ed. Polistampa, Firenze, 2009, for example in chapter 1 in "Postulati fondamentali della Teoria Byuon" and in many other publications indicated below. Among these publications we can cite the following:

MccJieflOBaHMe pai e THbix flBwraTejiew Ha XH^ OM TonjiMBe nep. c aHrji., Hon pefl. B.A. MjibMHCKoro / M., Mwp, 1964) .

2. AcTpoHaB MKa n paKe OflHHaMMKa, 3Kcnpecc-MH<i>opMauMH // BMHMTM, M . , 1981, » 39, c. 22-24).

3. BaypoB K ⁾ . A, OrapKOB B.M. CnocoS nepeiviemeHMH o6¾eK a B npocTpaHCTBe / / naTeH N'2082900 οτ 27.06.97r . BaypoB KD.A. «CTpyKTypa ΦΜ3Μ¾ΘΟ ΟΓΟ npocTpaHCTBa n

HOBbIM CnOCOS nOJiyyeHMH ΘΗθρΓΜΜ ( τθθρΚΙΗ , ΘΚΟΠθρΜΜβΗ , npM JiaflHbie Bonpocbi) » M., "Κρβ¾βτ", 1998, 240c.

Baurov Yu.A. «On the structure of physical vacuum and a new interaction in Nature (Theory, Experiment and Applications ) » Nova Science, NY, 2000, 217p.

Baurov Yu.A. Global Anisotropy of Physical Space. Experimental and Theoretical Basis. Nova Science, NY, 2004.

Baurov Yu.A. «Structure of physical space and nature of electromagnetic field» in coll. Work. PHOTON: Old problems in light of new ideas, Nova Science, NY, 2000, p. 259-269

Baurov Yu.A. «Structure of physical space and new interaction in nature (theory and experiment) » in Proceedings of conf. Lorentz group, CPT and Neutrinos, World Scientific, 2000, p. 342-352.

Baurov Yu.A. «Structure of Physical Space and Nature of de Broglie Waves (Theory and Experiment) » Journal "Annales de Fondation de Broglie" "Contemporary Electrodynamics", 2002, p. 443.

BaypoB KD.A. "HOBUM K Ba H O BHM MH( opMauMOHHbii¾ KaHaji M npwpoita rpaBMTauMn"-, Κ00Μ00*ΒΡΕΜΗ*3ΗΕΡΓΜΗ . C6. CTaTeft nocBH¾eHHbix lOO-JieTMio fl . fl . ΜΒ3ΗΘΗ Ο . M3fl. "BejiKa", 2004r.

BaypoB KD.A., Orap OB B.M. «Cnoco6 nepeMeiiieHHH o6¾eKTa B npocTpaHCTBe M ycTpoftcTBO flJiH ero ocy¾ecT BJieHMH» , na eHT ΡΦ N' 2 023 203 οτ 15.11.94r.

BaypoB KD.A. w pp. «Cnoco6 nojiy¾eHMH enjiOBow 3Heprwn M yc aHOBKa RJIH ero ocy¾ecTBJieHMH», na eHT ΡΦ W 2251629 O 10.05.2005r.

BaypoB KD.A., Be^a Γ.Α., flaHMJieHKO Μ.Π., OrapKOB B.M. «Cnoco6 nojiy¾eHM« SHeprnn M ycTpowcTBO ΛΛΗ ero o cyinecTBJi6HMH» , naTeHT ΡΦ N' 2 147 696 οτ 20.04.00r BaypoB KD.A., BaypoB A.K). «Cnoco6 nepe emeH H o6¾eKTa B KocMHiec OM npocTp3HCTB6» , na eHT ΡΦ W 2338669 c npnopnreTO OT 25.01.2007.

BaypoB 10. A. , Κ ΙΜΜΘΗΚΟ E.KD., HOBM OB CM. «3 cnepnMeH ajibHoe HaSjiKmeHite MarHM Hoii aHM30Tponnw npocTpaHCTBa» flAH CCCP, 1990, τ.315, N'5, c.1116.

Yu.A.Baurov, E . Yu . Klimenko, S.I.Novikov «Experimental observation of Space magnetic anisotropy" Phys . Lett. A v.162, 1992, p.32.

Yu.A.Baurov "Space magnetic anisotropy and a new interaction in nature" Phys. Lett. A v.181, (1993) p.283.

lO.A.BaypoB, B.Jl.IUyTOB «0 BJTMHHMM ΒβκτορΗθΓθ Μ3ΓΗΜΤΗΟΓΟ noTeHunajra 3eMjin M CoJiHua Ha CKopocTb β-pacnafla», npnKJiaiiHaH φΜ3ΜΚ3, 1995, N'l, p.40.

Baurov Yu.A., Konradov A. A., Kuznetsov E.A., Kushniruk V.F., Ryabov Y.B., Senkevich A. P., Sobolev Yu.G., Zadorozsny S. "Experimental Investigations of Changes in β-Decay rate of ⁶⁰ Co and ¹³⁷ Cs" Mod. Phys. Lett A. V.16, N 32 (2001) , p.2089

KD.A BaypoB, ). Γ . CoSojieB, KD.B. ΡίΐδθΒ, Β.Φ. KyiuHMpy , «3Kcnepj MeHTajibHbie wconejioBaHHH Μ3ΜΘΗΘΗΗ¾ cKopocTM β- pacnafla paflMoaKTHBH ix ojieMeH OB . », HflepHan Μ3ΜΚ3, 70, 1875, (2007) .

BaypoB KD.A. «AHM30TponHoe ΗΒΛΘΗΗΘ B 6eTa-pacna,ne pa^MoaKTMBHbix sjieMeH OB M B npyvnx npoueccax πρκιρο,ΚΜ», M3Bec MH PAH, Cepwn $M3vmecKan, 2012, TOM 76, N ^? 4 , οτρ. 549-553.

Yu.A.Baurov, I . B . Timofeev, V. A. Chernikov, S.F.Chalkin, A. A. Konradov . , Experimental Investigation of the Distribution of Pulsed-plasma-generator at its Various Spatial Orientation and Global Anisotropy of Space. Phys. Lett. A, V.311, (2003), p.512.

Yu. A. Baurov, A.G. Znak, and V.G. Farafonov, "Experimental Investigation of Heat Content in the Jet of Magnetoplasmadynamic Accelerator in accordance with its Spatial Orientation" , Advances in Plasma Physics Research, 5, 179, N.Y. Nova Science, (2007) .

24. Baurov Yu.A., Shpitalnaya A. A. and Malov I.F. Global Anisotropy of Physical Space and Velocities of Pulsars. International Journal of Pure & Applied

Physics, V.l, N'l, (2005), pp. 71-82.

25. Μ.Φ. MajiOB , K3.A. BaypoB , Ac poHOMM¾ecKM¾ ¾cypHaji, «0 pacnpeaejieHMM npocTpaHCTBem-ibix CKopocTew paflMonyjib capoB» , 84, 920, (2007) .

26. Baurov Yu.A., Malov I.F. "On the Nature of Dark Matter and Dark Energy" Journal of Modern Physics, 2010, vol .1, No 1, pp (17-30) .

27. JI.B. OKVHb . JlenTOHbi M KBapKM. M. "HayKa", 1990.

As for example described in chapter 3 in the same publication, "La Trama Svelata", it is possible to obtain the generation of energy, in particular heat, under certain conditions precisely by taking advantage of the principles of such a theory.

The basis of Byuon theory is constituted by the assumption, confirmed by experimental observations, of a global marginal anisotropy of the physical space, in turn connected to a new fundamental vectorial constant, the cosmological vector potential Ag. Said cosmological vector A _g has the dimensions of the vector potential of a magnetic field and the following coordinates in the second equatorial system: right ascension « 293° ± 10°, declination » 36° ± 10°, which in turn leads to the prediction of a new anisotropic interaction of nature, also called "the new force".

The new force acts when the two conditions described below are verified.

First condition: the module of the vector potential summation Αχ, resulting from the vector sum of A _g and of the vector potentials associated with all the force fields known - electromagnetic, gravitational, strong nuclear and weak nuclear - becomes reduced because a pre-determined vector potential among those indicated above assumes, in a pre-determined instant, a sufficiently high value, a collinear direction and a direction naturally opposed with respect to the cosmological vector A _g . In this way, an algebraic reduction of the vector summation A _∑ takes place that leads to a significant variation value ΔΑ _∑ , i.e. to a sensitive variation of the vector summation A _∑ . As better clarified below, what is intended by "sufficiently high value" is that the intensity of said variation has to be of the same order of magnitude of the intensity of the cosmological vector A _g itself and that obviously depends on the conditions that are created so that it can occur, in a natural or artificial way.

Second condition: there has to exist a non null spatial gradient of the same quantity ΔΑ _∑ , i.e. dAA _∑ /dx, with x that indicates the generic coordinate in the space

R ³ , and this has to be sufficiently high.

If the two conditions exposed above are satisfied, the new force F, expressed (in terms of the single first term of its expansion in series) such as F~AA _x —^ _f acts with the maximum intensity along the generators of a cone whose axis corresponds with the vector A _g and whose angular opening is of 90°-100°. Evidently, being the variation factor of the potential summation quantity ΔΑ _∑ the same, the intensity of the force F will be proportional to the spatial gradient <3ΔΑ _∑ /3χ of said variation. As said new force acts on each elementary particle in which said two conditions are verified, its overall intensity will be proportional to the number of particles involved in the process that leads to the emersion of the new force.

It is to be noted that the force fields at the root of the two factors constituting the new force can be totally different between them: usually, the variation in time of the potential summation, ΔΑ _∑ , is generated by fields on a large scale having very high values, such as the Earth's gravitational field, whose intensity varies, for example, along a vertical path, or the geomagnetic field, variable in the south-north direction. The spatial gradient dAA _∑ /dx can however emerge from force fields at local scale, such as magnetic fields originated from variable local electric currents and having absolute intensities much inferior with respect to the first ones but subject to very intense spatial variations and, as such, capable of acting as "amplifiers" of the effects of the fields on a large scale with respect to the local intensity of the new force.

This means that, by finding the way, simultaneously, to diminish the module of A ₂ and to render said diminution rapidly variable in space, therefore giving place at the same time to relevant values both of ΔΑ _∑ and of the relative gradient 5ΔΑ _∑ /θχ, any body situated in the region in which the module of A _E is diminished will suffer the action of the new force, capable of expelling matter, and therefore mass, from the region with said weakened module of A _E .

Therefore, the following will occur:

The matter placed in the region where the variation indicated as ΔΑ _∑ takes place and the gradient indicated as <3ΔΑ _∑ /3χ will be expelled from said region as a consequence of the action of the force F AA _∑ ·"—ax—; in the case of liquids or gases, a fraction of the elementary particles will lose a part of their own rest mass (~33 eV) and, in accordance with the known correspondence between mass and energy ΔΕ = Am-c ² , the decrement of the mass in said region of the physical space will be transformed in heat.

Therefore, in accordance with the known correspondence between mass and energy ΔΕ = Am-c ² , the expulsion of the matter and the consequent decrement of the mass in said region of the physical space will be transformed in heat.

Different experimentation for the verification of the new force has been carried out with reference to the publications indicated above. For example, in the experiments [15-17], carried out at the Institute of Atomic Energy (IAE) I.V. Kurchatov, a superconducting solenoid with induction of 15 T was used, and at IOFRAN Institute a Bitter resistive magnet provided with the same field was used. For the measures a special vacuum torsion spring was used. The set of experiments at IAE and IOFRAN showed that the value of the new force in the solenoid with magnetic field ~ (10-15) T is ~ 0.01-0.07 g, with body mass of test ~ 30 g.

A wide series of studies has been carried out on the effect of the new force on the decay speed β of radioactive elements [6, 18-21], which confirmed the existence of the new force of nature.

In the works [6, 21-23] experimental studies of the new force with the help of plasma apparatus are illustrated, carried out by different research teams at different institutes. These studies have proved that the matter is "pushed" outside the region with weakened potential summation (diminished) by means of the vector potential of the magnetic field associated with the jet of plasma, along a cone with an opening of around 90°- 110°. At the same time, it has also been shown that in the second equatorial coordinate system, the vector Ag, directed along the axis of said cone, assumes the following coordinates: right ascension a = 293°+10°, declination δ = 36°±10°.

In [6] the results of the experimental researches of the characteristics of the new force with the help of two different systems are illustrated - the first system making use of one and two high-precision quartz gravimeters "Sodin" (at Institute SSAI MSU, Russia) and the second system including two quartz resonators (Institute FSUE TsNIIMASH, Russia) . The anisotropic effects resulting from these experiments are also consistent with the action of the new force of nature and cannot be explained in the context of traditional physical representations.

Still in [6], on the basis of the new force of physics, the nature of the seismic activity of the Earth is illustrated, and the results of the statistical analysis made on the geo-referenced database of ~ 1500 earthquakes having over 6-7 degrees in the Richter scale (i.e. generally catastrophic). It emerges that in the north hemisphere such earthquakes form a direction markedly anisotropic perpendicularly to the vector Ag, which is consistent with the prediction of the dependence of the mass of the particles from the module of the potential summation .

Thus, by appropriately taking advantage of the magnetic fields together with the Earth' s gravitational field, it is possible to produce the new force, and therefore energy in the form of heat.

To that aim, international patent application WO2006/009484 has been filed and is already well known, which precisely takes advantage of this theory for the production of heat through magnetic fields and the gravitational field.

In fact, a closed circuit is used wherein the change of the module of A _E is due to the gravitational field, and the gradient in space of such a diminution dAA _∑ /dx is due to intense magnetic fields at a microscopic scale, and this generates a new force F that determines the production of heat.

The circuit, as shown in figure 1 of the present international patent application, is therefore formed by one or more centrifugal pumps (element indicated with number 2 always in figure 1 of said publication) . The pumps are connected to a closed circuit 5 that develops in height starting from the pumps, to re-close itself on the pumps themselves. The pumps are necessary for pushing the fluid along the circulation path, and therefore they cause the potential variation. The rapid variation of the potential of the gravitational field, due to the closed circuit that develops in height, causes a sudden change of the gravitational potential, producing the variation of the module of the vector potential summation, i.e. the first factor constituting the new force (ΔΑ _Σ ) on all the particles of the fluid in movement along the vertical circuit. As described in the international application in question, the ascent height, in this particular case study, in order to cause a significant variation of ΔΑ∑ has to be of about 2.6 metres.

The same international patent application WO2006/009484 presents also two particularly limitative realization constraints: the first one, according to which, as admitted, although there exists the possibility of generating cavitation in the circulating fluid in the region around the rotor of a centrifugal pump, this has to be increased through the use of a complex ultrasound system so that the local variation of dAA _∑ /dx, obtained through the magnetic fields present in the plasma of the cavitation bubbles, is significant; the pumps are therefore not dimensioned for the generation of a sufficient cavitation, the whole with an increase in the realization complexity. The second one, on the basis of which, in order that the new force can act, the vertical section of the hydraulic circuit has to rest on the level of the meridian of the Earth's magnetic field. Obviously, said both realization constraints limit in a particularly pressing way the cheapness, the energy balance and the practical productibility of the systems itself.

The phenomenon of cavitation, as it is known, consists in the formation of microscopic vapour bubbles in a fluid that rapidly implode, developing very high pressures and significant thermal power capable of creating a plasma zone, i.e. a zone of free loads.

The development of a significant cavitation is therefore necessary for the production of microscopic but intense electric currents due to the rapid movement of the plasma, and therefore of very intense local magnetic fields. To each of such magnetic fields is associated a vector potential whose direction coincides with that of the electric current at the root of the magnetic field; it has been discovered -which constitutes an original inventive contribution- that the directions of said magnetic potentials cover the whole spectrum of the possible directions in the physical space since each cavitation bubble assumes spontaneously a geometric form of the toroidal type in relation to the fact that in correspondence of its collapse the lines of magnetic field of the geomagnetic field B ₀ have to be closed. This situation is shown in figure 1A of the Prior Art, in which a cavitation toroidal bubble is shown in section. The shaded area corresponds to the portion of the bubble in which the vector potential A is directed in the opposite direction to the cosmological vector Ag (area of action of the new force) .

As illustrated in [28], for example, the speed of collapse of the cavitation bubbles and, consequently, the relative ionization degree (formation of the plasma) are strongly dependent on the external pressure P.

28. Knapp, R. ; Daily, . ; Hammitt, F. , 1970. Cavitation.

McGraw - Hill. 578 p.

In the case of said international patent application WO2006/009484, due to the inefficiency of the cavitation process produced via ultrasound, the quantities of heat at stake are however not significant. This system, currently, therefore results hardly applicable to specific technical sectors for the production of heat.

That being said, such a theory has never been used and, above all, adapted structurally and optimized in the technical field relative to the heating of the soil.

According to the background art, the heating of the subsoil is useful for multiple applications, such as road and railroad safety to melt ice that can form during hard winters. Other applications can concern the heating of the soil for the cultivation purposes, either in the open or, above all, in closed agricultural greenhouses, and even the heating of areas for practising sports, for example football fields, as well as the furnishing of heat to particular industrial processes, such as in production lines of concrete.

In all cases, currently, the heating technique foresees the use of electrical resistances, for example a thick network of electrical resistances, which produce heat as a consequence of the passage of current. Alternatively, the circulation of fluid, for example water, is adopted, heated through combustion of liquid, gas or solid fuels in appropriate boilers.

It is clear that, in all cases, such solutions require a large use of energy and therefore high consumption. In the case of electrical resistances, for example, there exists a limit superior and anyway that does not reach the 100% for the efficiency of thermal conversion of the energy furnished to the system, therefore demanding very high consumption of electricity and of primary energy in order to produce the necessary quantity of heat.

In the case of heating with gas, liquid or solid fuels, such as gas or diesel, the energetic efficiencies often result inferior to the 80%, determining a significant waste of the fuels themselves, in addition to environmental pollution.

Disclosure of invention

It is therefore the aim of the present invention to provide an innovative device for heating the subsoil that solves at least in part said technical inconveniences.

In particular, it is the aim of the present invention to provide a subsoil heating device that is efficient, structurally simple and that, at the same time, results of reduced energy consumption.

These and other aims are reached with the present subsoil heating device (1), according to claim -1.

The device (1) for heating the soil comprising:

- A circulation path (3, 4, 5, 6) for a liquid, that can be at least partially lain underground;

- Heating means (2, hi) to raise the temperature of the circulating liquid.

- The path (3, 4, 5, 6) is also a closed-ring one and is configured in such a way as to realize a predetermined height difference (hi) for the circulating liquid, said heating means comprising at least one pump (2) interposed between a feed pipe (3, 5, 5', 4, 4') and a return pipe (6), said circuitation being arranged in such a way as to realize, immediately downstream of the pump, a height difference hi for the circulating liquid not inferior to 2,4 m, preferably superior to 2,5 m.

According to the invention, the pump is centrifugal (2) and is configured in such a way that the combination of the difference in gravitational potential for the circulating liquid and the generation of magnetic fields and relative vector potentials due to the cavitation generated by the centrifugal pump (2), cause a variation (ΔΑ _∑ ) of the vector A _∑ and a spatial gradient (δΔΑ _∑ /3χ) such as to produce heat and wherein the feed section (5) in exit from the centrifugal pump (2) is preceded by a throttling (3) whose diameter (d) is in relation to the diameter (D) of the subsequent feed section (5, 5'), according to a ratio 1 < (D ² /d ² ) <100, preferably between 10 < (D ² /d ² ) < 100.

In accordance with Byuon theory, as already said, during the circulation there is a reduction of the module of the vector potential summation A _E (AA _S ) together with a gradient in space of the mentioned variation, i.e. (5ΔΑ _Ε /3χ) , and obtained with the cavitation of the fluid through the centrifugal pump, capable of generating the new force and therefore the production of heat.

In order to optimize the performance, in terms of ratio between thermal energy (heat) yielded to the circulating liquid and electric energy furnished to the centrifugal pumps, the feed section (5) in exit from the centrifugal pump (2) is preceded by a throttling (3) whose diameter (d) is in relation to the diameter (D) of the subsequent feed sections (5, 5') according to a ratio 1< (D ² /d ² ) <100, preferably reduced to the following: 10< (D ² /d ² ) <100, and wherein, further, said diameter (D) is at the same time comprised within a range of values from 7 , 9 cm to 11 cm.

According to the invention, the substitution of complex ultrasound systems with an appropriately dimensioned simple centrifugal pump allows, in an economical and simple way, to obtain an efficient cavitation, which is absolutely necessary to obtain a sufficient value for the quantity (dAA _∑ /dx) . Moreover, it has been surprisingly discovered that, with said ratio between the diameters of the feed sections (5, 5') and of the throttling (3) , the electric power absorbed by the centrifugal pump diminishes significantly with respect to the situation of absence of the throttling, though obtaining an optimal cavitation around the blades of its rotor. The additional loss of load introduced in the hydraulic circuit, due to said throttling, does not prejudice the circulation of the liquid for any usable centrifugal pump that allows the activation of the cavitation process. As a result, being the additional thermal power developed the same, the electric power absorbed will be definitely inferior, leading to a substantial increase in the energy balance of the system.

Last, as regards the diameter ( D ) of the feed sections (5, 5'), to be applied, preferably but not necessarily, also to the subsequent feed sections (4, 4') and return sections (6, 6'), it has been surprisingly discovered that the range of admissible values further optimizes the performance and the production of heat. This is due to an observation of the "quantum information channel". The elementary particles (electrons, in this case) "remember" the preceding physical state of plasma and allow the action of the new force in the vertical section of the feed circuit, downstream of the active cavitation zone (which, it is here remembered, is limited to the external peripheral area of the rotor of the centrifugal pump) , precisely in case the transversal linear dimension of the circuit is comprised within a range of values indicated with "D" .

In this way, the production of usable heat is significantly increased in various technical fields and, with said dimensioning, it is therefore possible to arrange said device at least partially in the subsoil in such a way that the production of heat, through the heating of the circulating liquid, causes the heating of the soil or of a substrate placed in the soil.

Further advantages can be deduced from the dependent claims .

Brief description of drawings

Further characteristics and advantages of the present device, according to the invention, will result clearer with the description that follows of some embodiments, made to illustrate but not to limit, with reference to the annexed drawings, wherein:

- figure 1A describes a cavitation bubble cut in section, wherein A _g indicates the cosmological vector potential; B ₀ the geomagnetic field; B _b the magnetic field in the bubble; P the pressure; A the vector potential of the magnetic field and the dotted area highlights the action of the new force;

- figure 1 shows in vertical section a heating device partially inserted in the soil and shows the ground level or surface 100 of the soil;

- figure 2 shows a detail of the throttling 3 in exit from the pump 2;

- figure 3 shows the heating device itself in horizontal section (or top view) , the portions of the circuit inserted in the soil in dotted line;

- figure 4 shows a constructive variant of the invention with two pumps;

- figures 5 and 6 show two constructive examples of the invention; - figure 7 summarizes the physical principles described and applied to the present invention.

Description of some preferred embodiments

Figure 1 describes a device 1 for heating the subsoil according to the present invention.

The device foresees a circuitation (4, 5, 6) formed by a pipeline that generates a closed circulation path for a liquid, for example water. Figure 1 in fact shows, for clarity purposes, the arrows that indicate a possible direction of circulation of the water inside the pipeline.

It is anyway clear that, according to the present invention, other types of liquid can be used, without for this moving apart from the present inventive concept.

In accordance with a first possible embodiment of the invention, the pipeline is bent in such a way as to form a closed circuitation which, as shown in figure 1, is arranged at least in part in the subsoil.

Figure 1 in fact shows a first horizontal section (4, 4') lain underground at a certain depth. As better described in detail below, the water that runs in this section has already been heated and therefore releases heat to the soil. The return (6, 6') pipes the water to the centrifugal pump 2, which is arranged on the surface at the level of the ground level 100, although it may be indifferently placed just below the ground level.

Always figure 1 shows a layer of insulating material 7 that delimits the entire volume of space into which the pipeline lain underground (4, 4', 6) is contained. The insulating material 7 therefore avoids excessive dispersions of heat downwards, creating the conditions to heat the surface 100 in the volumetric space where the entire device is placed. The depth of application of the pipeline is variable on the basis of the needs and it can be around values comprised, for example, between 5 cm and 60 cm. Other values can be considered on the basis of the use applications .

In this sense, figure 1 shows, for example, a thermal-insulating layer 7 arranged at the depth h ₂ equal to about 40 cm.

As shown in figure 1, the thermal-insulating layer is then provided with appropriate openings or holes that allow the passage of water flown into the soil for irrigation or also simply rainwater and anyway such as to maintain the drainage capacity of the soil, so as to limit the heat dispersion downwards and laterally and therefore to optimize the heating of the portion of subsoil of interest .

The possibilities are clear both for placing the thermal-insulating layer 7 at different depths in the soil, also considering eventual needs, for example, connected to eventual agricultural cultivations to bed out in the overlying soil and/or particular technical needs also connected to different portions of the circuit, so as not to realize at all the thermal-insulting layer 7 itself.

Going on with the structural description of the invention, figure 1 shows a centrifugal pump 2 placed on the surface 100. The centrifugal pump is therefore inserted in said circulation circuit and serves therefore as a thrusting motor for the fluid. The pump thus connects the inlet of the fluid (through the return section 6, 6' ) with its outlet through the throttled section 3.

The use and the selection of the centrifugal pump is essential for the present invention, according to Byuon theory, . so that the cavitation process of the circulating, liquid is verified and concerns at the same time the maximum volume of the liquid itself, thus giving place to the maximum number of magnetic fields and relative vector potentials. Figure 1 in fact shows with numbers 5, 5' a pipeline section, in particular the vertical section, into which the cavitation bubbles of the liquid generated thanks to the centrifugal action of the pump propagate, or at least the elementary particles carrying the perturbation of the potential summation A _∑ propagate.

As already said, thanks to the cavitation a local intense gradient of the variation of the potential summation is generated, this last variation in turn generated by means of the difference in the potential of the Earth' s gravitational field and therefore the action of the new force F emerges. The whole is therefore at the root of the production of heat. To that aim, it is therefore necessary that, as better described in detail below, the pipeline causes a difference in potential, i.e. it includes a section that develops vertically.

The section 3, better described in detail below, then connects with the vertical portion 5 that rises upwards. The rise upwards, as said, is essential to create a difference in altitude hi and therefore a variation of gravitational potential energy for the circulating fluid.

As shown in figure 1, an inverted "U" connection is foreseen that connects the section 5 with a section 5' of drop and therefore connected to the horizontal section that is lain underground 4, 4'.

It is essential that the value of hi , and therefore the difference in potential, is at least equal or superior to about 2,4 metres and preferably at least equal or superior to 2,5 metres. It has been in fact experimentally verified that such a difference allows a strong variation of ΔΑ _ε and therefore a significant increase in the new force F.

Although figure 1 shows the two portions (4, 4') and (6) lain underground configured in such a way as to result parallel to the level 100 (therefore horizontal) , from what has been said it is clear that they can anyway be of different forms (for example, forming also non horizontal sections), provided that, as said, they form, altogether with said portion (5, 5' ) and obviously with the centrifugal pump 2, a closed circuit.

Also technical variants that foresee the use of thermal exchangers are admissible, said exchangers being both external and partially internal to the closed circuit fed by the pump (2), of any type, shape and material, destined to draw only heat and not fluid from said hydraulic circuit and to deliver said heat to a secondary closed circuit, of any type, material and shape, which develops in the subsoil and yields heat to said subsoil.

The centrifugal pump 2 is arranged, in order to optimize the effect, preferably at the foot of the portion 5 of the circuit. The fluid is therefore pushed along the closed circuitation 5 - 4 - 6 thanks to the centrifugal pump .

Figure 3 represents the same realization solution of the invention already described in figure 1 but in a top view. The figure shows both the feed section 5 wherein the heat is generated, and a path, preferably but not necessarily, with a serpentine-like shape of the section lain underground 4, 4'. The serpentine-like shaped path allows to maximize and render the most homogeneous possible the release of heat in the soil.

Always as shown in figure 1, in exit from the pump 2, in order to connect said pump -where the cavitation takes place- to the pipeline section 5' -where the production of heat takes place-, a restricted section 3 is foreseen, which presents a diameter d of passage of the fluid that is restricted with respect to the diameter D of the rest of the pipeline and in particular of the subsequent portion 5. It is essential that, for the optimization both of the production of heat and of the overall energy balance, both D and d have such values that their ratio is comprised within a pre-determined range. Such a reduced section, in the correct ratio with respect to the section D, in particular, has the function of reducing the capacity of the circulating liquid and therefore the electrical absorption of the centrifugal pump, while the dimension itself of D has the function of allowing, thanks to the quantum information channel, the action of the new force along the vertical section 5, 5' of the circuit that is placed downstream of the active area for the cavitation process, allowing, therefore, at the same time, the maximum possible production of heat and the minimum energy consumption of the system.

In particular, as better shown in figure 2, by indicating the diameter of the restricted portion 3 with d and the diameter of the pipeline in the section 5 with D , the ratio between the square of D and the square d has to be comprised between 1 and 100, eventually comprising also the end 100 but excluding the value 1. A further optimization for values comprised between 10 and 100, extremes included, has been surprisingly discovered.

At the same time, it is essential that D results comprised between 7,9 cm and 11 cm, as it will be better specified below.

It has in fact been surprisingly discovered that the combination of these two structural factors, other conditions being equal, is able to amplify the effects of the cavitation process, which optimizes the production of heat and the overall energy balance. This is not obvious in the light of the Prior art international filing, which does not individuate in the centrifugal pump the structural element dedicated to the generation of the cavitation process, but resorts instead to a complex ultrasound system. Moreover, said geometric parameters are correlated both with the electrical absorption of the pumps and to the effects of the cavitation, and are therefore not obvious from the Prior art which, as already said, does not use centrifugal pumps for cavitation purposes.

Moreover, the same increase in cavitation is not indeed ordinarily obtainable by selecting a centrifugal pump of larger dimensions since, as it will be better illustrated below, there subsists a limit superior to the capacity of the pump in relation to the volume of circulating liquid, and the choice of greater power and eventually dimension of the pump is linked only to the need of circulating a larger quantity of liquid.

In particular, the figure 2 in question shows the liquid fluid that, entering in the rotor of the pump 2 through the connection with the circuit 6, proceeds to the first section (d) 3 of a length of about 150-200 mm and of which 100-150 mm outside of the circuit 5. The diameter "d", as indicated in figure 2, has values comprised within a range between 13-15 mm and therefore flows into the "final" section 5 of diameter "D", preferably of 10 cm (100 mm) .

The final section 5 (i.e. D) can anyway have values comprised within a range between 7,9 cm and 11 cm, so that the ratio between said diameters (D ² /d ² ) answers the following relation: 1 < (D ² /d ² ) < 100.

In a possible dimensional example D=100 and d=15 can be selected in such a way that their square ratio ( 100 ^Λ 2 ) / ( 15 ^Λ 2 ) results equal to 44 and therefore comprised between 1 and 100.

As said, although D must be preferably comprised between 7,9 cm and 11 cm and at the same time d comprised between 13 and 15, other values could anyway be selected provided that the condition of 1 < (D ² /d ² ) < 100 and, preferably, the condition of 10 < (D ² /d ² ) < 100, is respected.

Said ratio (D ² /d ² ) and, above all, the dimension of the diameter "D" of the "final" pipe, are such as to maximize the perturbative effects on the potential summation A _∑ originally due to the cavitation, thanks to the "quantum information channel", a direct consequence of Byuon theory, as can be understood, for example, from "La Trama Svelata", Ed. Polistampa, Firenze, 2009, for instance in chapter 2 of "Nuovo canale quantistico di informazione (QIC) . La comunicazione nel XXI secolo", which allows the elementary particles (electrons, in this case) to "remember" the own state acquired in the bubbles of plasma originated by the cavitation in the specific dimension indicated with "D".

A further variant that optimizes the performance concerns the length of the restricted section 3, which is preferably comprised between 15 cm and 30 cm. This length in said range allows to minimize the electric power absorbed by the centrifugal pump in view of the introduction of a further loss of load that, however, does not prejudice the circulation of the liquid, always the additional thermal power developed being the same, allowing to improve the overall energy balance of the system.

Going on with the structural description of the invention, figure 4 represents a variant of the invention wherein two pumps 2 and 2' are foreseen, arranged in parallel between them, wherein the fluid liquid always flows into from the return section 6 of the pipeline, and said pumps provided with as many fittings 3 and 3' of connection to the single portion 5 of circuit realized in the shape of an inverted "U" which, as already illustrated, develops mainly vertically and realizes the necessary height difference hi in the order of at least 2,4 m, preferably superior to 2,5 m.

The advantage of said embodiment is that of further optimizing the production of heat since said embodiment, foreseeing two cavitation sources in correspondence of the two centrifugal pumps 2 and 2', increases the volume of liquid which is at the same time subject to the cavitation process and, therefore, the speed of generation of the cavitation bubbles.

Also the use of a specific centrifugal pump is capable of further optimizing the heating effect obtained. In particular, it has been discovered that the pump used has to be preferably a single-stage centrifugal pump characterized by a unitary absorption of electric power U (expressed in Watt/litre) , which is in a ratio 0<U<39-3X with X the number of stages of the centrifugal pump, thus forming a flow downstream of the pump that satisfies the following ratio:

(Vo/w)> or = 0,003 hours;

wherein Vo is the volume of the liquid in the circuit and w is the capacity of the pump in cubic metres/hour, this last ratio inferred from the ratios between power and capacity of the centrifugal pumps usable for the purposes of the cavitation process.

Obviously, said ratio therefore imposes a limit superior to the capacity of the pump, w, with respect to the volume of the circulating liquid, Vo limiting the choice of type and dimension of the pump. It is clear from this that the choice of said sections D and d results inventive for maximizing the cavitation effects and for reducing the capacity itself of the pump.

For the activation of the additional heating process in question, it is necessary that the hydrodynamic regime allows the development and the collapse of the cavitation bubbles; for identifying said regime it is convenient to refer to the known cavitation number, illustrated in [28], for example, wherein P ₂ is the working pressure

of the circuit downstream of the active area for the cavitation process, in turn corresponding to the flow zone of the liquid around the rotor of the centrifugal pumps; P _v is the vapour pressure of the liquid (generally much lower than P ₂ and dependent on the temperature of the liquid) ; p is the density of the liquid and v ₀ is the speed of the liquid in the active area for the cavitation and corresponding to the linear speed of the blades of the rotor of the centrifugal pump in the external periphery of said blades.

The trigger of the cavitation process takes place usually for C _v =l and its intensity, intended as the average amplitude of the pressure impulses when the bubbles collapse, increases for values inferior to the cavitation number until the so-called " supercavitation" , or massive vaporization and absence of collapse of the bubbles, manifests itself, for C„<0.1.

Although the cavitation has been observed also for values of C _v up to 4, due to dissolved gases or some impurities present in the liquid, as well as to particular geometries of the hydraulic circuits, the ideal hydrodynamic regime in the area destined to the activation of the cavitation process, identified in the flow zone of the liquid around the rotor of each centrifugal pump, is represented in terms of the cavitation number by the preferential interval 0.1<C _V <1 which, obviously, limits the possible choices of the centrifugal pumps in terms of angular speed, i.e. rotation speed, and of length of the blades of the relative rotors, as well as the choice of the most adequate hydraulic working pressures.

In particular, by neglecting the vapour pressure P _v , as it is usually much lower than any working pressure

P ₂ , in the field of the invention, only such centrifugal pumps can be selected so that the peripheral linear speed of the blades of the rotor respects the following relation, obviously function of the same pressure P ₂ :

2 -<ν <20

P P

In the field of said hydrodynamic regimes, and anyway of completely developed cavitation processes, in any instant there exist innumerable vector potentials of very intense local magnetic fields, collinear to the cosmological vector potential A _g and in the opposite direction, such as to determine a consistent spatial heterogeneity, therefore intense gradients, of the variation (diminution) along the path of the potential summation A _s determined in turn by the variation of the gravitational potential, thus constituting the second factor of the new force: dAA. _∑ /dx.

By using the extended form of the expression of the new force, retraceable in [5, 17], for example, it is possible to demonstrate that the degree of heating of the liquid due to the action of the new force can be very high: in case all the elementary particles of a mass of liquid equal to 250 kg were found simultaneously in the cavitation area, the thermal energy yielded to the liquid in the course of the lifting, along the hydraulic circuit, for 2,5 m would be two orders of magnitude superior with respect to the heat necessary for heating the same mass of liquid from 0°C to 100°C.

Figure 5 shows a further variant, realized in the form of a prototype (with the linear dimensions expressed in metres), which, the description above remaining the same, foresees the single circuitation that is connected to the pump. In this case, the working pressure P ₂ can be appropriately adjusted, just as a way of example but not limiting, through an expansion tank connected to an air compressor. The transfer in the subsoil of the heat obtained by the circuit (and optimized, as explained above, with appropriate throttlings and centrifugal pump) can be realized in this case either directly, through lying a part of the hydraulic circuit underground, or through inserting in the main circuit further derivation pipes, of reduced section, destined to the circulation of the liquid heated in the subsoil, or by means of coupling with a thermal exchanger of any type, shape and material, also placed partially inside the main circuit.

Figure 6 shows a further variant, realized in the form of a prototype and applied to the heating of the substrate realized in agriperlite of an agricultural greenhouse that, the description above remaining the same, foresees three centrifugal pumps installed in parallel, each of them provided with a restricted feed section (throttling) immediately downstream of the discharge mouth of the pump, an expansion tank for the adjustment of the hydraulic working pressure installed in the feed section downstream of the vertical section, said vertical section of a height equal to about 2,6 m, while the horizontal sections of the main feed and return pipes realized in varnished iron and of an internal diameter equal to about 11 cm, are realized as "blind" pipes, on which a series of pipes of polyethylene is inserted, of reduced diameter and equal to about 2, 6 cm, which draw the liquid -mixture of water and anti-freeze- from the feed section, circulate said heated liquid in the substrate in agriperlite placed on the pallets of the agricultural greenhouse, assuming a serpentine-like configuration and surmounting a thermal insulating layer of polystyrene suitable for limiting the transmission of the heat downwards, therefore returning said liquid cooled due to the yield of heat to said substrate, to the main return section and, therefore, to the sucking mouth of the centrifugal pumps.

It has been observed that the embodiment of the heating system described above and illustrated in figure 6 allows the saving of fuel, in this case diesel, being the performance the same, i.e. not inferior to 45%, an estimate confirmed by the comparative analysis of the performances of the apparatus, eliminating and reinserting the vertical section of the feed section, of a height of about 2,6 metres.

It is clear that, with respect to the solution adopted in the prototype of figure 6, it would be admissible to realize the main circuit in the form of a closed circuit, and to realize the yield of heat to the substrate of the pallets of the agricultural greenhouse through the use of thermal exchangers, either external or partially internal, to said closed circuit, that draw heat and not liquid from the main circuit and yield in turn the heat to a secondary circuit destined to heating said substrate .

In all the embodiments described, although the pump is placed on the surface, it could be lain underground exactly as the path sections (4, 6).

It is therefore clear that the invention here described is usable in different technical fields in which the heating of the subsoil is needed, such as in the agricultural field or in the road, railroad and aeronautical snowmelt field. Such a system can also be integrated with further superior and/or lateral coverings, either permanent or removable also seasonally.