The object of invention is commonly used in drive systems of machines.

Mechanical transmissions transferring movement and torque from shaft in various technical facilities have been known for hundreds of years. Structural solutions applied in these transmissions can be divided into toothed, friction and belt gears. The history of transmission begins at the moment of the first engine construction, which was water-wheel. The first mentions (the Code of Hammurabi in Babylonia) tell about use of water- wheel already in 2000 B.C..

Mechanical transmission development accelerated especially at the moment of invention of steam or combustio or electric engines. Ever since that moment the useful force transferred onto the blades on the common rigid shaft of water-wheel, and presently typically, similarly onto the arms of the common rigid drive shaft, and especially crankshaft in combustion engine, is transmitted from the drive engine to the operating part of the machine. The presently used typical solutions of combining engines, and especially drive sections of the engine on one shaft is possible thanks to work synchronization of drive sections in the engine, the whole drive system and motor assembly. As a result we obtain summation of moments of forces and power.

We know epicyclic gears, popularly called planetary, characterized usually by a greater number of degrees of freedom, and especially those which allow to sum up torques and powers originating from several drives - summing transmissions and especially those which enable distribution of torques and powers to several receivers - differential gears. These transmissions are typically applied as the elements of gear boxes and differential mechanisms. Their typical task is to exchange speed and torque at the transmission input and to sum up moments of forces.

The notion of mechanical summing presently means summing up of moments of forces. Summing of forces on the common drive shaft or wheel has been known and applied invariably since the ancient times up till now.

A stepless friction planetary gear known from PL 151534 patent description, is intended for various machines and equipped with central shaft with spring tensioned stationary and sliding plates, body-fixed stationary and sliding ring as well as conical planet wheels.

From US 5358458 patent description we know planetary gear including many interconnected, coaxial, three-element planetary gear systems, with each of them having central gear wheel, planetary cage and internal gear wheel.

PL 163929 patent describes planetary gear with internal coupling including central wheel, out of which one is stationary and the second driven, as well as planet wheels; each of them consists of two wheels with equal number of teeth mounted on the bearing supported shaft, with the cage connected to drive engine.

PL 207399 patent description mentions planetary gear including central wheel and driving pinion mounted on the same rotation axis as well as numerous small gear wheels located peripherally between the central wheel and driving pinion; small gear wheels are rotary mounted to a nonrotary cage and contain a push-pull wheel located eccentrically with regard to central wheel and driving pinion to transfer moment from the central wheel, driving pinion and cage onto the pull-push toothed wheel. The described solutions as well as the so far known kinds of mechanisms do not allow to add rotational speeds.

Summing mechanism which is a mechanical transmission for change of parameters of rotary movement consisting, according to description, of two shafts and three wheels divided into three sections is free from the above described inconvenience.

The objective of invention was to develop structure of mechanical transmission capable of summing of rotary speeds and simplified in comparison to the present solutions as well as universal; capable of fulfilling function of differential system, rotation duplication mechanism and rotation reducer. The invention should allow to combine various types of engines, drive systems, including hybrid ones, and especially to combine individual internal engine sections.

The embodiment of the subject of invention is presented in drawings, out of which fig. 1, fig.2 and fig. 3 demonstrate diagrammatically typical solutions.

The structure of summing mechanism A, B and C as the embodiment shown, respectively, in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, is a combination of several elements of the known transmission mechanisms constituting sections of this mechanism joined with properly located connecting elements, which are the substance of this invention.

The object of invention presented in fig.1, fig. 2 and fig. 3 has a three- section transmission structure, specifically three-section planetary gear. Section one in fig.l, fig. 2 and fig. 3 is a section of jointed shaft I, which is bearing-supported with bearing 1 and, at the length of the section, coaxial with this bearing. It should be stressed that, according to the idea of the invention in fig.l, fig. 2 and fig. 3, it is advantageous that a jointed shaft I is coaxial with bearing 1 and the jointed shaft I with bearing 1 are coaxial with regard to section one with a toothed wheel 2, belonging to section two. Bearing 1 is seated in the mechanism supporting structure. Section two in fig.l, fig. 2 and fig. 3, is a toothed wheel 2, bearing-supported on shaft II. Section three in fig.l, fig. 2 and fig. 3, is a toothed wheel 3, toothed wheel 4 and shaft II. In fig.l, fig. 2 and fig. 3, the toothed wheel 3 is a sun wheel, while the toothed wheel 4 is a planetary wheel. According to the invention idea, toothed wheel 3 and shaft II of section three in fig.l, fig. 2 and fig. 3, are coaxial with the toothed wheel 2 of section two. Shaft Π is bearing- supported in the mechanism supporting structure. Fig. fig. 2 and fig. 3 show additional cage 6, constituting the element of section three, whose task is the additional support of the jointed shaft I with the toothed wheel 4 seated on it.

According to the invention idea, the application of bearing 5 in fig.l, fig. 2 and fig. 3, which is located in section two on the toothed wheel 2, is very advantageous; bearing 5 is mounted in the toothed wheel 2 beyond the axis of rotation of the toothed wheel. The task of bearing 5 in this invention is to transfer on section two forces and rotations from section one onto section three, via the jointed shaft I, as shown in fig. 1, fig. and fig. 3, as well as to transmit onto the jointed shaft I the additional rotational speed in relation to the axis of rotation of the toothed wheel 3 in section three, originating from forces and rotational speeds transferred from the toothed wheel 2 of section two.

According to the invention idea, it is especially advantageous that the jointed shaft I (fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3) is imparted with torque and moves around its own axis of rotation in section one and the toothed wheel 2 of section two takes over forces and rotations of this wheel and transfers them onto the jointed shaft I in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, as well as imparts additional torque to the jointed shaft I, especially the additional rotational speed around no the axis of rotation of the toothed wheel 3 in section three, which at the same time is an additional velocity of the jointed shaft I.

According to the invention idea, it is especially advantageous that the jointed shaft I (fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3) connects all three sections.

According to the invention idea, it is especially advantageous that l is moments of force and rotational speeds as well as torques and angular velocities of the jointed shaft I are transmitted onto the planet wheel 4 of section three.

According to the invention idea, it is especially advantageous that transmission of forces and rotational as well as angular velocities from the 120 jointed shaft I in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, takes place via the toothed wheel 3 and shaft II.

According to the invention, transmission of forces and rotational speeds from the toothed wheel 3 and shaft II of section three in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3 and their distribution takes place through imparting of rotational 125 and angular velocity onto the jointed shaft I via the toothed wheel 4 of section three.

According to the invention in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, it is especially advantageous that the toothed wheel 2 is at the same time a movable connection for the toothed wheel 4, belonging to section three.

130 According to the invention in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig- 3, it is especially advantageous that the toothed wheel 2 and toothed wheel 3 are coaxial, and the toothed wheel 2 is coaxially bearing-supported with the shaft Π, while the toothed wheel 3 is mounted in the shaft II. According to the invention in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, it is especially advantageous that the jointed shaft I runs through all sections of the mechanism, partly coaxially and partly not coaxially with geometrical axis of the mechanism, which is determined by the axis of rotation of shaft II; the jointed shaft I connects all parts of mechanism.

The structure of summing mechanism A, B and C in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, is characterized by allowing to mechanically sum up rotational speeds supplied onto various sections of the mechanism through superimposition of rotational and angular velocities inside the mechanism. Section one serves to impart or receive rotational speed and moments of forces onto and from the jointed shaft I; section two serves to impart or receive rotational speed and moments of forces from the toothed wheel 2 and transmit or receive this speed and moments of force, in the form of additional angular velocity, onto or from the jointed shaft I, running through the toothed wheel 2. The jointed shaft I, apart from rotating around its own axis of rotation, rotates (spins) also around axis of rotation of the toothed wheel 3. Section 3 serves to receive or impart moments of forces, rotational speed and additional angular velocity from or onto the jointed shaft I via the toothed wheel 3, coupled with the toothed wheel 4 mounted on the jointed shaft I. This allows to add, subtract or distribute rotational speeds. In case when section one is locked, then by imparting rotary movement to section two, we obtain multiplication of rotational speed onto section three, and when we transfer rotary movement to section three, then we obtain reduction of rotational speed in section two. Therefore, it is an important characteristic of this invention, whose A, B and C summing mechanism structure shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, that the system input and output is interchangeable, depending on the required function. Although the invention has so far been described with regard to technical drawing, one should observe that it is not, in any way or by any means, limited to the embodiment shown in figures and drawings. The invention also includes optional versions, different from the embodiment shown in figures within the scope defined by patent reservations. For example, there are toothed wheels presented in the drawing but these can be substituted by drive sheave, pulley, and especially cylindrical, conical, curvilinear, flexible as well as other wheels, round or not, or for instance, wheels with magnetic meshing, where the role of teeth is played by the mounted magnets. The jointed shaft, which is presented in the drawing can be an elastic shaft, torsional-bent shaft or flexible shaft or other built-up shaft, for example, consisting of straight shafts with eccentric axes connected with articulated joints. Also the toothed wheel 2 can be externally bearing- supported and not resting on shaft II, while bearings, and especially bearings 1 and 5, can be any known parts of technical mechanism serving to support its parts in the way allowing for their relative rotational movement.