TECHNICAL FIELD

Aspects of the present disclosure relate to systems and methods for selectively generating and applying specific types of low amplitude, typically extremely low frequency (ELF) pulsed magnetic fields (PMF) or pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) to a set of targeted regions of a human or animal subject in accordance with particular types of PMF/PEMF generation signal parameters, PMF/PEMF device designs, and/or PMF/PEMF generating coil configurations, in order to enhance or optimise PMF/PEMF signal effects in subject tissue(s), e.g., in a manner that can improve subject health and/or wellbeing.

BACKGROUND

The delivery of magnetic or electromagnetic signal therapy by way of the application of pulsed magnetic fields (PMFs) or pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) to subject tissues (e.g., the tissues of a mammalian subject, such as a human subject or patient) is known. In conventional PMF/PEMF systems, a pulsed electrical signal is applied to a coil, which generates a PMF/PEMF in a spatial volume corresponding to the coil.

Unfortunately, existing PMF/PEMF systems are undesirably limited with respect to the tissue types they can effectively accommodate or target. Moreover, because of the limitations of existing PMF/PEMF system coil configurations, PMF/PEMF signals are typically indiscriminately and/or simultaneously applied to multiple different tissue types without appropriate consideration of the responses that these different tissue types may have to PMF/PEMF signals, and/or without adequate consideration of the manner(s) in which the responses of one or more tissue types to PMF/PEMF signals can be enhanced or optimized.

A need exists for improved PMF/PEMF systems, apparatuses, and devices, including improved PMF/PEMF signal generation coil configurations; and improved manners of applying PMF/PEMF signals to different tissues.

SUMMARY

In accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure, a system for selectively or preferentially applying pulsed magnetic fields (PMFs) to tissues of a human or animal subject at and/or above the subject’s neck includes at least one of: (a) (i) a first set of PMF generating coils coupled to a first PMF signal generator and a first controller, wherein the first set of PMF generating coils is positionable or positioned proximate to, over, or at an external target neck and/or head location of the subject for exposure of target neck and/or head tissue of the subject corresponding to the external target neck and/or head location to PMF signals generated by the first set of PMF generating coils; and (ii) a set of magnetic field shielding components disposed around and outside of borders or boundaries of the external target neck and/or head location, and configured for at least partially shielding neck and/or head tissue other than the target neck and/or head tissue from PMF signals generated by the first set of PMF generating coils, wherein portions of the subject’s neck and/or head within the borders or boundaries of the external target neck and/or head location remain unshielded, and wherein unshielded portions of the subject’s neck and/or head within the borders or boundaries of the external target neck and/or head location relative to shielded portions of the subject’s neck and/or head around and outside of the borders or boundaries of the external target neck and/or head location correspond to a PMF signal exposure aperture or window relative to or formed by boundaries of the set of shielding components, through which the target neck and/or head tissue can be exposed to PMF signals generated by the first set of PMF generating coils; and (b) (i) a second set of PMF generating coils coupled to each of the first or a second PMF signal generator and the first or a second controller; and (ii) a housing or support structure having portions thereof configured for carrying the second set of PMF generating coils, wherein the second set of PMF generating coils and the portions of the housing or support structure that carry the second set of PMF generating coils are configured for insertion into and withdrawal from the subject’s mouth.

The PMF signal generator and the set of PMF generating coils are typically configured for generating quasi-static magnetic fields.

The set of magnetic field shielding components typically includes or is formed of one or more sheets, layers, or pieces of mu-metal and/or Giron.

The external target head location of the subject can correspond to or define at least one subject target eye location, wherein the first set of PMF generating coils is positionable or positioned proximate to or over the subject target eye region for exposing target subject eye tissues to PMF signals generated by the first set of PMF generating coils, and wherein the set of shielding components includes one or more shielding components disposed over external portions of the subject’s head behind and below the at least one subject target eye location.

The external target head location of the subject can correspond to or define at least one subject jaw or oral cavity location, wherein the first set of PMF generating coils is positionable or positioned proximate to or over the subject target jaw or oral cavity region for exposing target subject jaw or oral cavity tissues to PMF signals generated by the first set of PMF generating coils, and wherein the set of shielding components includes one or more shielding components disposed over external portions of the subject’s head behind and above the at least one subject target jaw or oral cavity location. The housing or support structure typically includes a generally U-shaped recess having a first wall in or on which at least one PMF generating coil of the second set of PMF generating coils is carried, and an opposing second wall in or on which at least one other PMF generating coils of the second set of PMF generating coils is carried, and wherein the generally U-shaped recess is configured for fitting over particular tooth, gum, and/or jaw areas within the subject’s mouth.

In accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure, a system for selectively or preferentially applying pulsed magnetic fields (PMFs) to target tissues of a human or animal subject other than or below the subject’s head includes: (i) a plurality of PMF generating coils sequentially or serially spatially disposed relative to each other, including PMF generating coils configured for at least partially enclosing or at least partially circumferentially surrounding, substantially circumferentially surrounding, and/or entirely circumferentially surrounding portions of the subject’s neck, torso, and/or one or more subject body appendages; (ii) a PMF signal generator couplable to each of the plurality of PMF generating coils; and (iii) a controller configured for selectably or programmably electrically coupling individual PMF generating coils and/or groups of PMF generating coils within the plurality of PMF generating coils to the PMF signal generator while other coils within the plurality of PMF generating coils are not electrically coupled to the PMF signal generator, such that individual PMF generating coils and/or groups of PMF generating coils within the plurality of PMF generating coils which are coupled to the PMF signal generator can be selectively driven by the PMF signal generator to generate PMF signals while the other PMF generating coils within the plurality of PMF generating coils remain inactive.

The PMF signal generator and the plurality of PMF generating coils are typically configured for generating quasi-static magnetic fields.

The plurality of PMF generating coils can be configured for at least partially circumferentially surrounding, substantially circumferentially surrounding, and/or entirely surrounding one or more portions the subject’s neck and/or torso when the subject is in a standing or sitting position

The plurality of PMF generating coils can include a set of PMF generating coils positionable or positioned for selectively exposing subject target tissues corresponding to particular vertebral regions of the subject to PMF signals.

The set of PMF generating coils can include a first subset of PMF generating coils configured for selectively exposing subject target tissues corresponding to cervical spinal tissue to PMF signals, a second subset of PMF generating coils configured for selectively exposing subject target tissues corresponding to thoracic spinal tissue to PMF signals, and a third subset of PMF generating coils configured for selectively exposing subject target tissues to lumbar spinal tissue to PMF signals.

The plurality of PMF generating coils can include a set of PMF generating coils configured for selectively exposing portions of subject thoracic cavity target tissues to PMF signals.

The plurality of PMF generating coils can include a set of PMF generating coils configured for selectively exposing the subject’s thymus to PMF signals.

In such a system, subject non-target tissues can be defined as subject tissues for which exposure to PMF signals is to be minimized or avoided, and the system can further include a set of PMF signal shielding components maintainable or maintained in position between subject non-target tissues and particular portions of PMF generating coils within the plurality of PMF generating coils in a manner that at least partially shields the non-target subject body tissues from PMF signals generated by PMF coils that are electrically coupled to and are being actively driven by the PMF signal generator.

The plurality of PMF generating coils can be carried by a subject donnable and subject doffable apparatus configured for fitting over or overlaying portions of a limb of the subject, wherein each of the plurality of PMF generating coils at least partially surrounds, substantially surrounds, or entirely surrounds portions of the subject limb, and wherein multiple sets of PMF generating coils within the plurality of PMF generating coils are spaced apart from each other by a separation distance expected to minimize, reduce, or prevent exposure of at least one tissue type corresponding to the subject limb to PMF signals generated by the plurality of PMF generating coils.

A PMF/PEMF signal applicator can alternatively include: a first panel carrying a first plurality of selectively activatable coils including a first coil of radius R1 and a second coil of radius R2, wherein R2 is at least 20% larger than Rl; and a second panel carrying a second plurality of selectively activatable coils including a third coil of radius Rl and a fourth coil of radius R4, wherein the first and second panels are disposed parallel to each other such that the centers of each coil reside along a common axis, wherein the first coil and the third coil are pairwise simultaneously activatable while the second coil and the fourth coil remain inactive, wherein the second coil and the fourth coil are pairwise simultaneously activatable while the first coil and the third coil remain inactive, and wherein a separation distance between the first panel and the second panel is adjustable or selectable.

In accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure, a system for generating a combined or composite PMF signal waveform comprising at least a first PMF signal waveform and a second PMF signal waveform during a single PMF therapy session includes: a set of PMF generating coils; a PMF signal generator electrically couplable or coupled to the set of PMF generating coils; and a controller electrically coupled to the PMF signal generator, the controller comprising a processing unit and a memory storing at least one set of composite PMF signal waveform generation program instructions as well as data including a plurality of individual PMF signal waveform definitions, wherein each PMF signal waveform definition establishes PMF signal parameters corresponding to a PMF pulse train, and wherein by way of execution of the at least one set of composite PMF signal waveform generation program instructions, the controller controls the PMF signal generator to generate a combined or composite PMF signal waveform comprising (a) a first PMF signal waveform characterized by a first set of PMF signal parameters, temporally interleaved with (b) a second PMF signal waveform characterized by a different second set of PMF signal parameters.

Within the combined or composite PMF signal waveform, a temporal separation between a PMF pulse corresponding to the first PMF signal waveform and a directly successive PMF pulse corresponding to the second PMF signal waveform is at least approximately 125 - 175 microseconds.

For instance, within the combined or composite PMF signal waveform, the temporal separation between any given PMF pulse corresponding to the first PMF signal waveform and a directly successive PMF pulse corresponding to the second PMF signal waveform is at least approximately 150 microseconds.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a representative Pulsed Magnetic Field (PMF) / Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) system (e.g., for one or more types of PMF/PEMF treatment applications) in accordance with particular embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a representative PMF/PEMF treatment flow diagram for one or more types of PMF/PEMF treatment applications in accordance with particular embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 A - 3G illustrate aspects of portions of PMF/PEMF signal generating systems or apparatuses in which particular subsets or pairs of PMF/PEMF generating coils can be selectively or preferentially powered or driven for generating PMF/PEMF signals with different or varied spatial location(s) and volume(s) (e.g., with respect to tissues and with reference to an intended set of target tissues) in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4A and 4B illustrate aspects of portions of PMF/PEMF signal generating systems or apparatuses configurable or configured for PMF/PEMF treatment applications directable or directed to subject eye regions in accordance with particular embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 5A - 5E illustrate aspects of portions of PMF/PEMF signal generating systems or apparatuses configurable or configured for PMF/PEMF treatment applications directable or directed to subject oral cavity regions in accordance with particular embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6A and 6B illustrate aspects of providing PMF/PEMF signals corresponding to different PMF/PEMF signal profiles during a single treatment session, using a PMF/PEMF coil configuration in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Herein, reference to one or more embodiments, e.g., as various embodiments, many embodiments, several embodiments, multiple embodiments, some embodiments, certain embodiments, particular embodiments, specific embodiments, or a number of embodiments, means at least one embodiment, and need not or does not mean or imply all embodiments.

Each FIG. included herewith shows particular aspects of one or more non-limiting representative embodiments in accordance with the present disclosure, and features or elements shown may not be shown to scale or precisely to scale relative to each other. The depiction of a given element or consideration or use of a particular element number in a particular FIG. or a reference thereto in corresponding descriptive material can encompass the same, an equivalent, an analogous, categorically analogous, or similar element or element number identified in another FIG. or descriptive material associated herewith. The presence of “/” in a FIG. or text herein is understood to mean “and/or” unless otherwise indicated.

Particular non-limiting representative embodiments in accordance with the present disclosure will be further described in conjunction with each accompanying FIG. It should be noted that, without conflict, one or more aspects of the embodiments described below may be combined to form a different or new embodiment.

The reference in this specification to any prior publication (or information derived from it), or to any matter which is known, is not and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or admission or any form of suggestion that such prior publication (or information derived from it) or known matter forms part of the common general knowledge in the field of endeavor to which this specification relates.

As used herein, the term “set” corresponds to or is defined as a non-empty finite organization of elements that mathematically exhibits a cardinality of at least 1 (i.e., a set as defined herein can correspond to a unit, singlet or single element set, or a multiple element set), in accordance with known mathematical definitions (for instance in a manner corresponding to that described in An Introduction to Mathematical Reasoning: Numbers, Sets, and Functions, “Chapter 11: Properties of Finite Sets” (e.g., as indicated on p.140) by Peter J. Eccles, Cambridge University Press (1998)). Thus, a set includes at least one element. In general, an element of a set can include or be one or more portions of a system, an apparatus, a device, a structure, an object, a process, a physical parameter, or a value depending upon the type of set under consideration.

Overview

Embodiments in accordance with the present disclosure are directed to systems, apparatus, processes and procedures for applying low amplitude, extremely low frequency (ELF) pulsed magnetic fields (PMFs) and/or pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) to one or more target tissue types, tissues, and/or cell populations of subjects (humans or animals). More particularly, in various embodiments of the present disclosure, time varying or pulsed electrical signals (e.g., which are produced by an electrical signal generator, such as a programmable electrical signal or electrical waveform generator) are applied to or used to activate or drive a set of magnetic flux generating structures, elements, or components such as a set of electrical coils (e.g., PMF/PEMF signal generation coils, which are coupled to an electrical signal waveform generator), in response to which the set of magnetic flux generating components (e.g., the set of coils) produces a time-variant or pulsed magnetic flux (e.g., within or corresponding to a particular or target spatial volume), in a manner that individuals having ordinary skill in the relevant art will readily comprehend in view of the description herein. Moreover, in various embodiments the time varying or pulsed electrical signals are applied to the set of magnetic flux generating components (e.g., the set of coils) in a manner or within a frequency range that generates quasi-static magnetic fields. Thus, the PMF/PEMF signals (which can also be referred to as PMFs/PEMFs) can include or be quasi-static magnetic fields. In various embodiments, the set of magnetic flux generating components (e.g., the set of coils) is configurable or configured for preferentially, selectively, or primarily producing the quasi-static magnetic fields within a particular or target set of spatial volumes, and correspondingly exposing or delivering the quasi-static magnetic fields produced thereby to particular, intended, or target subject tissue types, tissues, and/or cell populations that reside within the target spatial volume(s), while intentionally limiting, reducing, avoiding, substantially avoiding, or generally avoiding the exposure (e.g., simultaneous exposure) of other or nontargeted subject tissues types to the quasi-static magnetic fields (e.g., that could be or which are generatable or generated by the set of magnetic flux generating components).

Previously filed patent applications and publications have demonstrated how specific profiles of low frequency (0.5Hz to 10kHz) PMF/PEMF signals (e.g., low frequency magnetic fields such as quasi- static magnetic fields produced by way of the coil(s)) having low magnetic field strengths (0.5mT to 5mT) are able to elicit a mitochondria-related or mitochondria response within the cell(s) that are exposed to the magnetic fields produced by the coil(s) (e.g.., the activation of mitochondria, mitochondrial biogenesis, metabolic profile changes, and/or other related cell pathway and epigenetic changes). Researchers have shown that varying levels of mitochondria activation leads to different types of tissue level responses / adaptation (e.g. improvements in subject or tissue energetics, endurance, performance, recovery or even cell or tissue death). Various target tissue types, tissues, or cell populations (including muscle, smooth muscle, bone cells, neurons, stem cells and even cancer cells) respond to PMF/PEMF signals; however due to their innate biological make-up, different tissue types, tissues, or cell populations have varying sensitivities to magnetic fields and produce different responses to signals of varying magnetic field / signal strengths. Each tissue type hence has a particular, preferred, or specific magnetic field / signal response profile and more importantly a unique “magnetic mitohormesis window” where the intended, most significant, or beneficial mitochondria adaptations can be effected by the PMF/PEMF signal(s) with appropriate magnetic field strengths, frequencies, and frequency profiles (e.g., magnetic pulse rise and/or fall time(s)).

PMF/PEMF therapy has been shown to promote muscle health and anticipate shorter recovery / healing and rehabilitation time for various types of physiological conditions. Typically, an electrical signal or electrical waveform generator is used to provide a desired or intended electrical waveform having a desired or intended level of electrical power to the set of magnetic flux generating components, which correspondingly or responsively produces the time-variant magnetic flux. The characteristics or parameters of the time- variant magnetic flux can be selected or specified (e.g., programmably selected) in accordance with a type of signal application context (e.g., a therapy or treatment context) under consideration. Current PMF/PEMF systems neglect the need that in certain circumstances, the PMF/PEMF signals (e.g., the time-varying quasi-static magnetic fields produced by the magnetic flux generating component(s)) are desired, preferred, or required only at a selected or preferential set or subset of subject body or body part treatment regions (e.g., to limit, reduce, or avoid unnecessarily exposing certain tissue types, tissues, or cell populations to the PMF/PEMF signals, or possibly potential complications). Embodiments in accordance with the present disclosure are directed to systems, methods, and processes for generating and preferentially or selectively exposing, delivering, or applying PMF/PEMF signals to particular intended subject target tissue types, tissues, or cell populations, such as but not limited to those mentioned above.

Furthermore, some embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to systems, methods and processes for (a) during a given PMF/PEMF treatment session, generating PMF/PEMF signals (e.g., tuneable PMF/PEMF signals) at or within a particular spatial zone or region, such as a spatial region at which a particular set or subset of subject target tissues is expected to reside during a subject’s PMF/PEMF session during which the set of subject target tissues is exposed to the PMF/PEMF signals, while limiting, reducing, or at least substantially avoiding / eliminating or essentially entirely avoiding / eliminating the delivery of PMF/PEMF signals to other spatial zones or regions at which PMF/PEMF signals could be delivered to additional or other subject target tissues depending upon PMF/PEMF system configuration; and/or (b) simultaneously generating a combined or composite PMF/PEMF signal waveform, pattern, or profile that includes multiple distinct or different PMF/PEMF signal waveforms, profiles, or patterns (e.g., each with its own PMF/PEMF signal or pulse parameters, such as pulse amplitude(s) / duration(s)) to create intended effects in one or more subject tissue types, in a manner that minimizes or avoids unintended or unwanted PMF/PEMF signal overlap / interference and which maintains intended, enhanced, or optimum therapeutic effects for each distinct subject tissue type under consideration.

For a given PMF/PEMF system configuration or setup associated with a particular type of PMF/PEMF treatment or therapy session (e.g., which itself is typically associated with one or more target tissue types, tissues, or cell populations), the system can be adjustable or customizable in terms of at least subject target region(s), treatment duration(s), and/or PMF/PEMF signal parameters including PMF/PEMF signal intensity /intensities.

Need For and Application of Targeted PMF/PEMF Fields

To elicit effects or benefits such as those indicated above in an enhanced or optimum way, one would need to increase or maximize the likelihood of the delivery of the appropriate, most suitable, or right PMF/PEMF signals to the appropriate, most suitable, or right subject tissue type(s) (e.g., at the right time(s)). This can be complicated by the anatomy of a subject, where different tissue types may be found in close-proximity. Various embodiments in accordance with the present disclosure are directed to systems that are configurable (e.g., programmable) or configured for generating magnetic signal pulse trains, containing bursts of magnetic pulses at a very low or extremely low frequency and low amplitude, typically of a pulse frequency of less than 10k Hz, and pulse amplitude of less than 5mT, over a short or relatively short time period of between at least approximately 3 to a maximum of approximately 20 minutes per PMF/PEMF session (e.g., each of which is intentionally time-limited to a maximum PMF/PEMF signal exposure time window, such as 5 - 20 minutes (e.g., at least 5 minutes but less than 15 - 20 minutes, such as approximately 7.5 - 12.5 minutes or approximately 10 minutes); a total number of PMF/PEMF treatment sessions per week such as 1, 2, or possibly 3 sessions per week (e.g., 2 sessions per week directed to the same subject first target tissue(s), and possibly one or more additional sessions per week directed to other target tissue(s)); and/or a minimum rest / recovery time interval between sessions directed to the same subject target tissue(s), for instance, at least 36 - 84 hours, or approximately 48 - 72 hours) corresponding to or dependent upon a set of subject target tissues to elicit certain types of biological responses (e.g., on an immediate, near-immediate, and/or time-delayed basis relative to PMF/PEMF signal delivery to the target tissue(s)). Embodiments in accordance with the present disclosure are also directed to PMF/PEMF signal application techniques / methods and signal optimisation techniques / methods for creating improved, enhanced, or optimised effects across tissue types in complex, nonuniform, or variable subject anatomies.

Mitochondria dysfunction has been implicated in the progression and pathology of various chronic and age-related diseases (e.g. Heart Failure, Alzheimer’s, Dementia, Diabetes, and Glaucoma). Magnetic mitohormesis in dysfunctional tissue through the use of a non-invasive, external device presents a viable option to treat, manage, and/or even prevent further progression of or effectively / entirely prevent such diseases. Magnetic mitohormesis leads to the activation of mitochondria, improvements in the energy available for tissue repair and recovery, and even the biogenesis of more mitochondria. The appropriate application of the most appropriate, correct, or right PMFs/PEMFs, with appropriate pulse parameters including appropriate frequencies and magnetic strengths, that fall within the magnetic mitohormesis window of each tissue type under consideration can help to manage and treat these chronic diseases.

Further to the foregoing in relation to various embodiments of the present disclosure, to better manage various conditions or diseases, adjacent or interacting tissue types can be exposed to PMFs/PEMFs differently. For patients recovering from knee surgery, for example: selectively or preferentially activating and/or encouraging mitochondria activity in the muscles surrounding the joint by way of the application of PMFs/PEMFs to such muscles, so as to reduce deconditioning and encourage recovery; while at the same time limiting or avoiding the application of PMFs/PEMFs directly to or at the joint thereby limiting, discouraging, or avoiding mitochondria activity at the joint or points of joint repair, so as to moderate the inflammatory response and encourage better joint healing. In this case, selective or preferential spatial control or application of magnetic fields can provide sufficient control and unique coil designs and application can selectively or preferentially control where the PMF/PEMF signals are generated / produced or directed and where they are not, thereby eliciting improved, enhanced, or optimal effects where tissue(s) at the site of the joint is not significantly affected or not affected, but the surrounding muscles are. Various PMF/PEMF systems, PMF/PEMF signal application apparatuses / devices and coil structural configurations thereof, and PMF/PEMF signal application techniques are described below, including (but not limited to) the following:

Selectively Activatable PMF/PEMF Coils; and Subject-Donnable/Doffable PEMF Devices

For example, as further detailed below and as illustrated in FIG. 3A and 3B, and also FIG. 3C, by selecting and turning on a particular set or subset of PMF/PEMF generating coils (e.g., a particular pair or particular pairs of coils) in a magnetic signal applicator apparatus in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure, PMF/PEMF signals can be selectively or preferentially generated at or within an intended or desired target spatial region (e.g., within the overall set of coils, and within which particular subject tissue / tissues are positionable or positioned), while other PMF/PEMF generating coils can remain off such that PMR/PEMF signals are not generated in non- target spatial regions associated with such other PMF/PEMF generating coils. PMF/PEMF generating coils can also be referred to herein PMF/PEMF signal generating coils, PMF/PEMF coils, or coils.

As another or additional related example which is further detailed below, FIG. 3D illustrates a subjectwearable or donnable apparatus configurable or configured for selectively or preferentially generating PMF/PEMF signals in at least one of multiple target spatial regions, and correspondingly generating and delivering the PMF/PEMF signals to particular target subject tissues thereat (e.g., in a manner similar or analogous to that shown in FIGs. 3A, 3B, and 3C). FIG. 3D illustrates a representative lower limb sleeve apparatus that can be configured for selectively or preferentially applying PMF/PEMF signals to particular subject lower limb tissues (e.g., one or multiple lower limb tissues, at the same time or different times), and which can meet the requirement of providing PMF/PEMF signal exposure or therapy to muscle tissues surrounding a joint while the tissue at the site of the joint is not affected or exposed to the PMF/PEMF signals. An upper limb sleeve apparatus, or a torso sleeve apparatus, can be configured in a similar or analogous manner.

PMF/PEMF Therapy for the Eye(s), and Relevant Coil Setup

Consider also the eye, where two manners in which the application of magnetic fields by way of PMF/PEMF signals can modulate visual function or vision are (a) affecting the muscles that control the mechanical aspects of vision; as well as (b) affecting the Retinal Pigment Epithelial (RPE) cells which convert light into electrical signals that transfer to the brain. As we age, a reduction in the muscle tone of ciliary bodies affects the range of plasticity of the lens that leads to loss in visual acuity. Few strategies are currently able to improve the performance of muscles in the eye. Non-invasive PMF/PEMF signals can provide a manner to improve ocular muscle tone, leading to better lens plasticity and better eyesight. Similarly, by improving the performance of the pupil by way of the application of PMF/PEMF signals to pupil control tissues, we can create a more focused image in the retina and hence improve visual acuity.

At the back of the eye, RPE cells are specialised neurons that are highly active. Every moment, light gets converted into electrical signals that get sent to the brain for visual processing. Mitochondria dysfunction has been implicated in the reduction of the sensitivity of the RPE cells, leading to longer term age loss in diseases like glaucoma. Magnetic mitohormesis within RPE cells by way of the application or delivery of PMF/PEMF signals to the RPE cells can provide a manner of improving RPE cell performance and limiting, reducing, or even reversing age-related loss of vision.

FIG. 4A and 4B illustrate representative systems or apparatuses that can be configured for delivering or preferentially delivering PMF/PEMF signals to a subject’s eye region or eye(s), as further detailed below. The subject can be provided with sufficient PMF/PEMF treatment signals at their eye region, while most of the regions above the subject’s shoulder other than the subject’s eye region are not affected due to the presence of at least one shielding component (e.g., at least one magnetic signal shielding component).

PMF/PEMF Therapy for the Oral Cavity Region / Tissues Therein, and Relevant Coil Setup

FIG. 5A as well as FIG. 5B - 5D illustrate representative systems or apparatuses that can be configured for delivering or preferentially delivering PMF/PEMF signals to portions of a subject’s oral cavity, for instance, in a manner that targets particular teeth / tooth and/or gum regions. As further elaborated upon below, the apparatus shown in FIG. 5A includes PMF/PEMF coils that are disposable / disposed outside of the subject’s head, on left and right sides thereof corresponding to the subject’s oral cavity; and the apparatus shown in FIG. 5B - 5D is insertable into and removable from the subject’s oral cavity or mouth, and includes PMF/PEMF coils that are disposable / disposed within the subject’s oral cavity or mouth, for instance, across tooth and/or gum areas.

Providing Multiple / Various Different PEMF Signal Profiles During a Single Treatment Session

In yet another example, using PMF/PEMF signals to improve subject outcomes (e.g., stroke outcomes) can involve the activation and proliferation of two (or more) distinct or different types of tissue, for instance, skeletal muscle as well as nerves. These two tissue types have differing magnetic mitohormesis windows due to their differing sensitivities to magnetic fields (as an example, muscle cells respond better to a 2mT signal, while neurons respond better to a 3mT signal).

To elicit improved, enhanced, or optimized magnetic mitohormesis benefits, one solution is to apply 2mT signals for 10 minutes to the subject during a first PMF/PEMF session, followed by a further 10 minutes of 3mT signals in a subsequent second PMF/PEMF session, e.g., in a manner indicated in FIG. 6A. A further improved / enhanced or more efficient or optimal PMF/PEMF signal application or treatment process or regime can instead involve combining the PMF/PEMF signal waveforms, patterns, or profiles associated with the first and second PMF/PEMF sessions, where the two individual different PMF/PEMF signal waveforms, patterns, or profiles are combined or generated in a non-interfering and/or non-disruptive manner, such as by way of temporal interleaving, with respect to the different PMF/PEMF signal waveforms, patterns, or profiles themselves and with respect to their intended effects in the tissue types under consideration, such as indicated in FIG. 6B. This allows simultaneous treatment of different tissues having their own distinct, preferred, enhanced, or optimized magnetic mitohormesis windows within a single PMF/PEMF session, thereby improving treatment efficiency and/or efficacy, as further elaborated upon below.

For instance, with respect to some embodiments in accordance with the present disclosure, it can be noted that higher magnetic field strength time-varying magnetic fields or PMF/PEMF signals over a longer duration have been shown to cause apoptosis of cancer cell lines, while these same magnetic fields exhibit no detrimental effects on non-cancerous cells. Additionally, muscle-activated myokines have also been shown to reduce cancer cell proliferation. Employing a combined or composite PMF/PEMF signal waveform, pattern or profile generated as a temporally interleaved combination of individual different PMF/PEMF signal waveforms, patterns, or profiles selected for killing cancer along with PMF/PEMF signals that cause healthy muscle to proliferate and produce beneficial or good myokines can result in a greater combined or synergistic cancer killing effect.

A wide variety of embodiments in accordance with the present disclosure (e.g., essentially any type of PMF/PEMF system described herein) can be configurable or configured for generating combined PMF/PEMF signal waveforms, patterns, or profiles, where any given combined PMF/PEMF signal waveform, pattern, or profile includes multiple distinct or different PMF/PEMF signal waveforms, patterns, or profiles that are generated in a temporally interleaved yet non-interfering manner relative to each other. Thus, during a single PMF/PEMF treatment session that produces, generates, or outputs a combined PMF/PEMF signal waveform, pattern, or profile, a PMF/PEMF pulse corresponding a given PMF/PEMF signal pattern or profile is temporally separated from next PMF/PEMF pulse corresponding to a different PMF/PEMF signal pattern or profile within the combined PMF/PEMF signal sequence. Such temporal separation can be at least approximately 100 - 200 microseconds (e.g., approximately 120 - 180 or 125 - 175 microseconds), and is typically at least approximately 150 microseconds (e.g., typically established as 150 microseconds, possibly as a recommended or default value). This temporal separation can be programmably or selectably determined, or predetermined (e.g., as a minimum separation time interval), depending upon embodiment details.

Aspects of Representative PMF/PEMF Systems and Coil Configurations

FIG. 1 illustrates a representative PMF/PEMF therapy system 100 including a plurality of PMF/PEMF coils. Such a PMF/PEMF system 100 can be at least partially used for at least some PMF/PEMF treatment applications in accordance with at least some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 1, the system 100 includes: a drive / activation signal generating module 110; a control module 120; a magnetic signal generating module, treatment chamber, or PMF/PEMF signal applicator 130; and optionally or typically a signal measurement and/or sensing module 140 plus an associated signal processing module 150. More particularly, with respect to FIG. 1:

Drive / activation signal generator, generating unit / generating module 110 includes or is an electrical signal or electrical waveform generator providing a time-variant current to control module. The drive signal parameters, including the amount of drive current, are determined by the control module based on a selected type of subject treatment region, and/or a selected type of subject tissue to be treated. Control module, control unit, or controller 120 includes a processing unit (e.g., a signal / data processing unit such as at least one microprocessor or microcontroller), a memory in which program instructions executable by the processing unit and data are stored, and a user interface (e.g., a touch screen display) having a selection interface configured for receiving user input. The control module 120 can be programmable or pre-programmed for multiple treatment options corresponding to PMF/PEMF signal treatments given by way of the magnetic signal generating module or PMF/PEMF signal applicator 130. Based on the selected treatment region and/or tissue type, the control module 120 can request appropriate, suitable, or matching time-variant electrical current from the drive signal generator 110, and delivers the electrical current to a pair or pairs of PMF/PEMF coils in the magnetic signal generating module 130. The control module 120 can calibrate the current delivered to the drive signal generating module 130, typically by way of processing feedback information from the signal processing module 150.

Magnetic signal generating module 130 includes or is a magnetic field generating structure, device, or chamber, which can be referred to as a PMF/PEMF treatment chamber, treatment chamber module, or PMF/PEMF signal applicator 130, relative to, where, or within which the subject’s target tissue(s) can be positioned. In some embodiments, by way of selectively activating, driving, or powering up a specific pair or pairs of magnetic field generating coils C (e.g., particular coils or a particular (sub)set of coils within a plurality of coils C 1 to Cn), magnetic signals can be generated (e.g., preferentially or selectively generated) at or within intended or required regions of the magnetic signal generating module / treatment chamber / PMF/PEMF signal applicator 130 without generating magnetic fields at or within other or non-intended regions of the magnetic signal generating module / treatment chamber / PMF/PEMF signal applicator 130 by way of other magnetic coils within the plurality of coils that remain inactive, non-driven, or powered-down. In multiple embodiments, the magnetic signals generated can provide magnetic therapy to intended portions of a subject’s body by way of the activation of certain PMF/PEMF signal coils, and limit or avoid the provision of magnetic therapy to other or unintended portions of the subject’s body by way of (a) keeping other PMF/PEMF signal coils inactive, and/or (b) at least partially shielding other or unintended portions of the subject’s body from magnetic signal exposure using suitably-positioned magnetic shielding components configured for at least partially shielding magnetic signals (e.g., such that the other or unintended portions of the subject’s body are shielded from PMF/PEMF signal exposure).

Signal measurement module(s) or sensing module(s) 140 can include or is at least one sensor array that can be associated with, coupled to, or attached to the PMF/PEMF treatment chamber 130. The sensor array(s) can measure a set of PMF/PEMF signal parameters (e.g., magnetic field strengths and possibly one or more other parameters) generated in the target treatment chamber region, and the measured set of PMF/PEMF signal parameters is provided as feedback to a signal processing module in real-time.

Signal processing module 150 includes or is signal / data processing elements and/or circuitry configurable or configured for processing the sensor data collected from signal measurement module 140, and verifying the correct PMF/PEMF mode with corresponding treatment intensity, spatial volume, duration and other treatment parameters corresponding to the PMF/PEMF signals being generated. The signal processing module 150 provides feedback to the control module and forms a closed-loop system, which enhances the reliability of the entire PMF/PEMF signal generating system or setup 100.

FIG. 2 illustrates a representative operational flow diagram or workflow for a system 100 configured for generating PMF/PEMF signals signal during PMF/PEMF treatment or therapy sessions or applications in accordance with particular embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, prior to PMF/PEMF signal generation corresponding to a given PMF/PEMF treatment session, a system user selects an intended, desired, or required PMF/PEMF signal profile and a treatment mode. Based on the system user’s inputs, the PMF/PEMF system (e.g., by way of the controller 120) determines, selects, establishes, defines PMF/PEMF signal amplitude(s), intensity/intensities, treatment duration(s), and the particular PMF/PEMF coil configuration(s) at or within the magnetic signal generating module / treatment chamber module / PMF/PEMF signal applicator 130 for the PMF/PEMF treatment session. During the PMF/PEMF treatment session, the sensor module(s) 140 associated with, coupled to, or embedded within the treatment chamber 130 monitor the PMF/PEMF signals being generated at a target treatment region corresponding to a currently specified or selected PMF/PEMF coil configuration in real-time, and the measured signals are used as feedback to the controller 120 by the signal processing module 150. This ensures that the correct PMF/PEMF signal profile is being generated at or within the magnetic signal generating module / treatment chamber / PMF/PEMF signal applicator 130 at the appropriate time(s) throughout the entire PMF/PEMF treatment session.

Aspects of preferentially exposing target regions to PMF/PEMF signals with particular systems Some embodiments described herein are configurable or configured for delivering PMF/PEMF signals to or within spatial volumes primarily, overwhelmingly, or essentially entirely below a subject’s head and/or jaw, at and/or below portions of a subject’s neck, e.g., to or within one or more portions of a subject’s neck region, torso region, waist region, and/or limb regions. Other embodiments described herein are configurable or configured for delivering PMF/PEMF signals to or within spatial volumes primarily, overwhelmingly, or essentially entirely above the subject’s neck, e.g., at and/or above the subject’s jaw, to one or more portions of the subject’s head, such as (but not limited to) the subject’s eye region(s), oral cavity, nasal / sinus cavities, and/or head-resident neuronal populations, for instance, portions of the subject’s brain.

FIG. 3A and 3B illustrate a representative magnetic signal generating module 130a including a PMF/PEMF generating coil configuration configurable or configured for preferentially generating PMF/PEMF signals within a particular or intended target spatial region or volume by way of the selection or activation of a certain set or subset of PMF/PEMF generating coils within a plurality of coils Cl to Cn, while simultaneously intentionally avoiding the generation of PMF/PEMF signals within other target spatial regions or volumes by way of keeping other PMF/PEMF generating coils in the coil configuration inactive (or selectively preventing their activation) in accordance with particular embodiments of present disclosure. With reference to representative system components above, to generate magnetic fields at or within a selected spatial region or volume, the control module 120 can be configured for select a specific pair or pairs of magnetic field generating coils to be activated or powered by the drive signal generator 110, while keeping other magnetic field generating coils inactive. To provide PMF/PEMF signals to a spatial treatment region or volume such as in FIG. 3A, PMF/PEMF generating coils C3 and C5, which form a Helmholtz configuration, are coupled (e.g., electronically coupled) to the drive signal generator 110 while other coils remain inactive or decoupled from the drive signal generator 110, for instance, such that a spatially uniform or generally spatially uniform magnetic signal can be generated (e.g., at a given instant with respect to an electrical signal pulse or electrical waveform pulse applied to coils C3 and C5) in most of the volume between C3 and C5. To provide PMF/PEMF signals to a treatment region such as shown in FIG. 3B, PMF/PEMF generating coils C2, C3, C4 and C5 are coupled (e.g., electronically coupled) to the PMF/PEMF signal generator 110 while other coils remain inactive or decoupled from the drive signal generator 110, and electrical currents delivered to each individual activated coil are controlled such that a spatially uniform or generally spatially uniform magnetic signal (e.g., at a given instant with respect to an electrical signal pulse or electrical waveform pulse applied to coils C3 and C5) in most of the region between C2 and C5. As individuals having ordinary skill in the relevant art will understand, other PMF/PEMF, e.g., essentially any combination of PMF/PEMF generating coils between C 1 and Cn, inclusive, can be selected for activation, for instance, in a programmable manner.

FIG. 3C illustrates a magnetic signal generating module 130b configurable or configured for selectively exposing different portions of a subject’s body to PMF/PEMF signals in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. More particularly, FIG. 3C illustrates an extension of concepts associated with FIGs. 3A and 3B, in which a particular set or sets (e.g., a selected pair or specific pairs) of PMF/PEMF generating coil sets or coils Cl to Ck in a treatment chamber module 130b can be preferentially selected or activated to expose a specific region of the subject’s body to PMF/PEMF signals, while keeping other different PMF/PEMF generating coil sets or coils (e.g., unselected coil sets or coils) of the treatment chamber module 130b inactive thereby avoiding exposure of other regions of the subject’s body to the PMF/PEMF signals that could or would otherwise be exposed by way of the selection of a different set or sets (e.g., pair or pairs) of PMF/PEMF generating coils. Particular PMF/PEMF treatment coil sets or coils among coils Cl to Ck can entirely circumferentially surround, substantially circumferentially surround, or partially circumferentially surround portions of the subject’s body.

As a representative example, in such an embodiment a given or selected subset (e.g., pair) of PMF/PEMF generating coils can be driven or switched on to generate a uniform or generally uniform PMF/PEMF signal spatial treatment volume in which specific portions of the subject’s body such as the subject’s heart and surrounding tissues reside, while other PMF/PEMF generating coils remain inactive or switched off. The selection of particular PMF/PEMF generating coils can be varied according to the subject’s height, standing or sitting posture, and also an intended or desired PMF/PEMF signal spatial treatment volume corresponding to target portions or tissues of the subject’ s body that are to be exposed to PMF/PEMF signals (and non-target subject body portions or tissues for which PMF/PEMF signal exposure is to be minimized, avoided, or prevented).

Depending upon embodiment details, such a treatment chamber 130b can be configured to selectively or preferentially provide PMF/PEMF therapy for the neck region, subject’ s shoulder region, lower back region, thigh region, and/or possibly lower limb region based on which PMF/PEMF generating coils C 1 -Ck are selected for activation and which PMF/PEMF generating coils are selected for remaining inactive during a PMF/PEMF therapy session for one or more particular subject tissue regions under consideration at a given time.

Further to the foregoing, in some representative embodiments the magnetic signal generating module 130b includes distinct sets of coils configured for selectively or selectably / programmably applying PMF/PEMF signals to different subject body regions, for instance: a first set of coils configurable or configured for selectively exposing subject neck regions to PMF/PEMF signals; a second set of coils configurable or configured for exposing subject shoulder / upper chest regions to PMF/PEMF signals; a third set of coils configurable or configured for exposing subject lower chest / upper abdominal regions to PMF/PEMF signals; a fourth set of coils configurable or configured for exposing subject abdominal / lower abdominal regions to PMF/PEMF signals; and a fifth set of coils configurable or configured for exposing subject pelvic regions to PMF/PEMF signals. Such sets of coils can be vertically arranged relative to each other, and can be height-adjustable (e.g., by way of a vertical track or rack mechanism to which the coils are structurally coupled) to accommodate subjects of different body heights. In embodiments such as shown in FIG. 3A - 3C, particular PMF/PEMF generating coils, coil pairs, and/or coil groups from among a plurality of PMF/PEMF generating coils can be selectively electrically coupled to the drive signal generator 110 (e.g., under the direction or the controller 120) and driven for selectively generating PMF/PEMF signals and preferentially exposing particular target body regions or tissues thereto, for instance, based upon a subject’ s health condition/ s) and/or expected treatment needs.

For instance, PMF/PEMF generating coils positioned around or approximately around the subject’s cervical vertebrae can be selectively activated (while other coils remain inactive) for exposing cervical portions of the subject’s spinal column to PMF/PEMF signals, e.g., for subjects whose spinal column has been injured at or near one or more cervical vertebral levels. Such PMF/PEMF signals can aid or augment neurofunctional rehabilitation / neurofunctional recovery following spinal cord injury, e.g., by way of aiding or enhancing the proliferation of stem cells. Similarly or analogously, PMF/PEMF generating coils positioned around or approximately around some or all of the subject’s thoracic and/or lumbar vertebrae can be activated for preferentially exposing thoracic and/or lumbar portions of the subject’s spinal column, respectively, to PMF/PEMF signals, e.g., for subjects whose spinal column has been injured at or near one or more of such vertebral levels. A particular set of PMF/PEMF generating coils positioned around or approximately around the subject’s sacrum can also be selected to preferentially expose portions of the subject’s sacrum to PMF/PEMF signals, e.g., while other coils remain inactive.

As another example PMF/PEMF generating coils positioned around or approximately around or encompassing the subject’s thorax or thoracic cage can be selectively activated (e.g., while other coils remain inactive) for applying PMF/PEMF signals to subject thoracic or thoracic cage regions, for instance, to aid subject function during or recovery from respiratory dysfunction, conditions, or disease (e.g., viral or viral-associated infection / disease), and/or to increase subject blood oxygenation levels (e.g., which is associated with or which arises from or is caused by respiratory dysfunction, conditions, or disease; viral or viral associated infection / disease; and/or blood oxygen exchange / transport dysfunction).

As a further example, PMF/PEMF generating coils positioned around or approximately around or encompassing the subject’s thymus can be selectively activated (e.g., while other coils remain inactive) for exposing the subject’s thymus to PMF/PEMF signals, which can aid or enhance aspects of subject immune function / response(s).

It can be noted that in some embodiments, one or more magnetic field shielding components 135 can be selectively and/or adjustably positioned between portions of particular PMF/PEMF generating coil sets / coils Cl - Ck in order to at least partially shield subject body tissues from PMF/PEMF signals generated by such PMF/PEMF generating coils. Such shielding components 135 can be maintained in position close or adjacent to non-target body tissues of the subject, and can be made of a material such as one or more sheets, layers, and/or pieces of mu-metal (e.g., a nickel-iron alloy having high magnetic permeability) and/or Giron (a woven, laminated flexible magnetic shielding material that can be cut and shaped in custom manners, e.g., subject body region specific, subject-type specific, and/or subject specific manners), which can reduce or block exposure of non-target tissues to PMF/PEMF signals generated by one or more PMF/PEMF generating coils Cl - Ck or portions thereof. Depending upon embodiment details, one or more shielding components 135 can be positioned, and maintained in position by way of a set of adjustable mechanical arm structures (e.g., which can be made of a durable polymer / plastic material) that carry the shielding component(s), and/or subject- worn devices that carry the shielding component(s), such as a subject-wom pouch or belt.

Aspects of Representative Coil Configurations for Subject Limb (e.g.. Lower Limb) Target Tissues FIG. 3D illustrates portions of a subject-wearable or subject-donnable (and doffable) magnetic signal generating module 130c configurable or configured for applying PMF/PEMF signals to particular limb target tissues, for instance lower limb target tissues, of a subject in a selectable or preferential manner in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. In FIG. 3D, one or more sets of PMF/PEMF generating coils, e.g., a plurality of PMF/PEMF generating coils in separate coil sets or groups such as Cl, C2, and C3 as shown in FIG. 3D, are carried by, embedded in, or couplable to a flexible pull-on sleeve (e.g., a fabric sleeve) designed for subject lower limbs, thereby forming a lower limb PMF/PEMF sleeve apparatus. A PMF/PEMF treatment system can include different magnetic signal generating modules 130c providing differently sized flexible pull-on sleeve apparatuses / sleeves or portions thereof, each having a set of PMF/PEMF generating coils, to accommodate subject size variations (e.g., an adult male sleeve, an adult female sleeve, and an adolescent sleeve, and a child sleeve can be provided). Once the subject has donned the appropriate PMF/PEMF sleeve apparatus 130c, different pairs of PMF/PEMF generating coils of the PMF/PEMF sleeve apparatus 130c can be selected or deselected for activation (e.g., on a programmable basis, such as under the direction of a controller 120 by way of the execution of software or program instructions by the controller’s processing unit, such as a microprocessor or microcontroller) to provide PMF/PEMF therapy to a specific target lower limb muscle group. In multiple embodiments, the lower limb sleeve apparatus coils are configured, positioned, or designed to avoid the application of PMF/PEMF signals to the subject’s knee joint, thereby at least substantially avoiding knee joint exposure to the time varying magnetic fields generated by the coils, while simultaneously preferentially or selectively exposing target lower limb muscles or muscle groups to these magnetic fields. By selecting or shifting the coil pairs (e.g., the particular coil(s) that will be active / driven, relative to other coils that will remain inactive), and/or adjusting the PMF/PEMF sleeve pull-on position, a PMF/PEMF exposure region or volume can be selectively controlled to only expose particular muscles or muscle groups to the PMF/PEMF signals (e.g., based on subject condition or need). In a manner analogous to the foregoing, an upper limb PMF/PEMF sleeve apparatus configured for selectively or preferentially applying PMF/PEMF signals to particular subject arm tissues can additionally or alternatively be provided, in a manner readily understood by individuals having ordinary skill in the prior art in view of the description herein. Similarly, a jacket or coat type apparatus can carry a plurality of PMF/PEMF generating coils, some of which can be selectively activated while the other(s) remain inactive, for delivering PMF/PEMF signals to particular or target subject torso or chest cavity tissues.

FIG. 3E to 3G illustrate an alternative type of magnetic signal generating module 130d providing alternative PMF/PEMF generating coil configurations, which can be used for particular types of PMF/PEMF treatment applications such as described in the present disclosure. In FIG. 3E, the magnetic signal generating module 130d is based on a plurality of panels P, each of which carries multiple PMF/PEMF generating coils C, such as a pair of PMF/PEMF generating coil sets or coils Cl, C2. Various embodiments provide a PMF/PEMF generating coil configuration 130d having two parallel panels Pl, P2, where each panel Pl, P2 is typically at least generally planar, and each individual panel Pl, P2 carries or is embedded with multiple selectively-activatable or selectively-drivable PMF/PEMF coil sets or coils, such as a first elliptical or circular coil set or coil Cl a, Clb carried each of the first and second panels Pl, P2 and having a first axial extent or radius Rl; and a second elliptical or circular coil set or coil C2a, C2b carried by each of the first and second panels Pl, P2 and having a second axial extent or radius R2.

The centroid or center of each PMF/PEMF generating coil set or coil Cla,b, C2a,b can be disposed on its respective panel Pl, P2 at a predetermined location relative to the largest or maximum planar cross- sectional area of the panel P. Moreover, when individual panels Pl, P2 are positioned parallel to each other in a properly-aligned manner, the centroids or centers of the first and second coil sets or coils Cla,b, C2a,b of each panel Pl, P2 reside or approximately reside along a common axis, e.g., a spatial axis that is perpendicular to the largest or maximum cross-sectional areas of each of the first and second panels Pl, P2.

The first radius Rl and the second radius R2 are typically non-equal, where R2 is usually larger or significantly larger than the first radius Rl (e.g., at least 20 - 80% larger than Rl, for instance, approximately 40 - 60% larger than Rl). Thus, as indicated in FIG. 3G and 3H, the spatial volume between each first coil set or coil Cla.b carried by the panels Pl, P2 corresponds to or provides a first spatial PMF/PEMF signal therapy or treatment volume; and the spatial volume between the second coil set or coil C2a.b carried by the panels Pl, P2 corresponds to or provides a second PMF/PEMF signal treatment volume, which is typically larger or significantly larger than the first spatial PMF/PEMF signal treatment volume. The panels Pl, P2 and the coils carried thereby Cla,b, C2a,b are configured to at least partially encompass or enclose a subject body part, such as portions of a subject limb / appendage.

A particular pair of PMF/PEMF generating coils Cla,b or C2a,b of the pair of panels Pl, P2 can be selected, activated, or driven for generating PMF/PEMF signals that produce a uniform or generally uniform PMF/PEMF signal spatial treatment volume correlated with or corresponding to the radius R1 or R2 of such coils Cla,b or C2a,b, respectively (e.g., where uniform or generally uniform can be construed in a manner indicated above), while the other, additional, or remaining coil sets or coils carried by the panels Pl, P2 remain inactive.

The distance D between individual panels P that are disposed in parallel is typically adjustable or selectable (e.g., slidably adjustable, or selectable in predetermined spatial increments, along a particular spatial axis) to at least some extent. Depending upon embodiment details, the distance D can be established, defined, or measured between outermost edges of the panels Pl, P2; innermost or facing edges of the panels Pl, P2; or centerlines / midlines of the panels Pl, P2, in a manner understood by individuals having ordinary skill in the relevant art. As indicated in FIG. 3F, two generally recommended or default PEMF therapy session distances can be established or defined, namely: a first recommended or default distance DI between each individual panel Pl, P2 can be approximately equal to the first radius Rl, with at least some additional inter-panel distance adjustability provided between the first and second panels Pl, P2 around DI; and a second recommended or default distance D2 between each individual panel Pl, P2 can be approximately equal to the second radius R2, with at least some additional inter-panel distance adjustability provided between the first and second panels Pl, P2 around D2. In a number of embodiments, the distance DI, D2 between individual panels Pl, P2 can be adjusted or selected based upon PMF/PEMF treatment application objectives, needs, or requirements. Inter-panel distance adjustability or selectability can be provided by way of a set of tracks or rails coupled to the panels Pl, P2, a set of linear actuators configured to establish / adjust inter-panel distances, a switch or other type of mechanism and/or a user interface configured for controlling the set of linear actuators.

Aspects of Representative Coil Configurations for Subject Eye Region Target Tissues

FIG. 4 A illustrates portion of a system providing a magnetic signal generating module 130e configurable or configured for selectively PMF/PEMF signals to target tissue(s) such as tissue(s) within and/or around one or each of the subject’s eyes (e.g., in a human subject), and/or other portions of the subject’s head. In FIG. 4A, a set of PMF/PEMF generating coils (e.g., at least two PMF/PEMF generating coils Cl, C2) can be carried by or embedded in a housing 132 of an elliptical or cylindrical treatment chamber 130e, and PMF/PEMF signals are produced or output in a direction from one PMF/PEMF generating coil C 1 toward the other C2. The treatment chamber can be positioned and/or rotated in relation to the subject to align the PMF/PEMF signal direction or distribution to a desired direction or distribution relative to the subject, so particular tissue(s) such as eye tissues and/or other portions of the subject’s head within an intended PMF/PEMF signal spatial treatment volume can be aligned with respect to an intended or desired angle to achieve an intended or improved biological outcome.

FIG. 4B illustrates portions of another system providing a magnetic signal generating module or PMF/PEMF signal applicator 130f configurable or configured for preferentially applying PMF/PEMF signals to the eye tissues of a subject (e.g., a human subject), and a manner of positioning at least one shielding component 135 to at least partially shield other body tissues of the subject from the PMF/PEMF signals directed to the subject’s eye tissues. The system includes a PMF/PEMF signal applicator 130f providing a set of PMF/PEMF generating coils C (e.g., a pair of coils such as a first coil disposable / disposable or disposed at an upper frontal first side such as the upper frontal right side of the subject’s head, proximate or corresponding to first eye tissue such as right eye tissue; and a second coil disposable or disposed on an opposite upper frontal second side such as the upper frontal left side of the subject’s head, proximate or corresponding to second eye tissue such as left eye tissue) which are coupled to the drive signal generator 110 (e.g., which operates under the direction of the control unit 120). The system also includes a set of shielding components 135. In some embodiments, one or more PMF/PEMF generating coils C can be positioned and maintained in position relative to the target eye tissues by way of an adjustable mechanical arm structures (e.g., which can be made of a durable polymer / plastic material) that carries the PMF/PEMF generating coil(s). The magnetic signal generating module 130f and the shielding component(s) 135 can be positioned and maintained in position by way of a stand structure 138, which can provide a chin rest 139 for the subject.

In this type of a system, the subject’s eyes and surrounding tissues can exposed sufficiently to PMF/PEMF signals by way of the coils C of the PMF/PEMF signal applicator 130f, while the rest of the subject’s body tissues that could or would be exposed to these PMF/PEMF signals are at least partially shielded or protected from significant exposure or exposure to these PMF/PEMF signals by the shielding component(s) 135. Thus, the coils C can be positioned relative to upper frontal portions of the subject’s head (e.g., for applying PMF/PEMF signals to at least one eye region of the subject), and the shielding component(s) 135 can be positioned relative to upper rearward (e.g., behind the subject’s eyes) as well as along lower frontal, middle, and rearward portions of the subject’s head. In various embodiments, the shielding component s) 135 can include or be made of one or more sheets, layers, and/or pieces of mu-metal and/or Giron. In view of the foregoing, a system for selectively exposing portions of a subject’s head to PMF/PEMF signals can provide a set of shielding components 135 positioned proximate to portions of the subject’s head for which PMF/PEMF signal exposure is to be reduced, minimized, avoided, substantially / essentially blocked; and at least one aperture or window within the set of shielding components 135 relative or proximate to or over or adjacent to which at least one set of PMF/PEMF generating coils are positionable or positioned, such that the set(s) of PMF/PEMF generating coils can be activated for exposing subject head tissues within or corresponding to the aperture or window, while simultaneously at least partially shielding, blocking, or preventing exposure of subject head tissues beneath or behind the set(s) of shielding components 135 from PMF/PEMF signals.

By selectively providing an unshielded PMF/PEMF signal exposure aperture or window proximate to or at target portions of the subject’s head relative to other portions of the subject’s head that are shielded from PMF/PEMF signals by way of one or more shielding components 135, particular target tissues of the subject’s head (e.g., specific portions of the subject’s brain, for instance, corresponding to the subject’s frontal cortex, or their occipital cortex) can be preferentially or selectively exposed to PMF/PEMF signals by way of the unshielded PMF/PEMF aperture or window, while concurrently reducing, minimizing, or avoiding exposure of those other portions of the subject’s head tissues (e.g., portions of the subject’s brain other than their frontal cortex or occipital cortex) that are located beneath or behind the shielding component(s) 135 to PMF/PEMF signals. Stated analogously, at least one set of shielding components 135 can be provided or configured for at least partially shielding or blocking portions of the subject’s head from PMF/PEMF signals; and a PMF/PEMF signal exposure aperture or window, corresponding to unshielded target portions of the subject’s head, can be formed or defined within and/or between one or more shielding components 135 such that one or more PMF/PEMF generating coils can be positioned proximate to or over the PMF/PEMF signal exposure window for preferentially or selectively exposing target head tissues of the subject to PMF/PEMF signals.

Aspects of Representative Coil Configurations for Subject Oral Cavity / Dental Target Tissues FIG. 5A illustrates portion of a system providing a magnetic signal generating module or PMF/PEMF signal applicator 130g configurable or configured for selectively PMF/PEMF signals to target tissue(s) corresponding to the subject’s jaw and/or oral cavity region(s). The magnetic signal generating module 130g shown in FIG. 5 A is similar or analogous to that shown in FIG. 4A; however, the magnetic signal generating module 130g shown in FIG. 5A provides a first PMF/PEMF generating coil C disposable / disposed at a lower frontal first side such as the lower frontal right side of the subject’s head, and a second PMF/PEMF generating coil disposable on an opposite lower frontal second side such as the lower frontal left side of the subject’s head), which are coupled to the drive signal generator 110 (e.g., which operates under the direction of the control unit 120). The shielding component(s) 135 are positioned relative to lower rearward as well as along upper frontal, middle, and rearward portions of the subject’s head, such that the shielding component(s) 135 at least partially shield body tissues of the subject from the PMF/PEMF signals directed to the subject’s jaw and/or oral cavity regions. Relative to such positioning of the shielding component(s) 135, the subject jaw and/or oral cavity regions correspond to or define a jaw and/or oral PMF/PEMF signal exposure window, as PMF/PEMF generating coils can be positioned proximate to or within this PMF/PEMF signal exposure window for exposing tissues therein to PMF/PEMF signals.

FIG. 5B - 5E illustrate aspects of portions of another PMF/PEMF signal applicator 130h configured for preferentially or selectively applying PMF/PEMF signals to target jaw and/or oral cavity tissues, such as one or more teeth, gum, and/or jawbone regions inside the subject’s mouth. This type of PMF/PEMF signal applicator 130h includes a housing, support structure, or support member 136 having portions thereof configured for fitting (e.g., generally comfortably fitting) inside the subject’s mouth, such that the housing 136 is insertable into and withdrawable from the subject’s mouth. The portions of the housing 136 that are insertable into the subject’s mouth include agenerally U-shaped recess 137 therein, which carries a first set of PMF/PEMF coils (e.g., one or more elliptical or circular coils C 1) on or along a first edge or wall, and a second set of PMF/PEMF coils (e.g., one or more elliptical or circular coils C2) on or along an opposing second edge or wall of the generally U-shaped recess 137.

The coils Cl, C2 are coupled to the drive signal generator 110 (e.g., which operates under the direction of the control unit 120), such that a PMF/PEMF spatial treatment volume can be generated between the coils Cl, C2, in a manner shown in FIG. 5C. The generally U-shaped recess 137 and the coils Cl, C2 carried thereby are configured for bridging or fitting over tooth / teeth, gum, and/or j awbone regions within the subject’s mouth, and thus the housing 136 and the coils Cl, C2 carried thereby can respectively be positioned over and across one or more target tooth / gum / jawbone regions inside the subject’s mouth, such that the coils Cl, C2 can deliver PMF/PEMF signals to the target tooth / gum / jawbone regions, for instance, in a manner indicated in FIG. 5D for a tooth / gum region in the subject’s lower mouth, or in a manner indicated in FIG. 5E for a tooth / gum / jawbone region in the subject’s upper mouth. The housing 136 can be made of a durable material, such as a durable dental polymer / plastic, that can retain its structural integrity when bitten down upon.

It can be noted that in certain embodiments, a combined or composite system or apparatus for applying PMF/PEMF signals to subject jaw and/or oral cavity tissues or regions can include a system or apparatus such as shown in FIG. 5A as well as a system or apparatus such as shown in FIG. 5B - 5E, under the direction or control of a single controller 120, and possibly utilizing the same PMF/PEMF signal generator 110.

Aspects of Combining Different PMF/PEMF Signal Profiles in a Single Combined Treatment Session FIGs. 6A and 6B illustrate manners in which, for a given PMF/PEMF generating coil configuration, arrangement, or setup, multiple different or various PMF/PEMF signal waveforms, patterns, or profiles can be applied to the subject (e.g., where a given PMF/PEMF signal waveform, pattern, or profile includes a plurality or sequence of PMF/PEMF pulses, typically as a pulse train).

In a representative example shown in FIG. 6A, a first PMF/PEMF therapy session is initially given with PMF/PEMF signals of a higher amplitude corresponding to a first PMF/PEMF signal waveform, pattern, or profile, followed by a separate second PMF/PEMF therapy session with PMF/PEMF signals of a lower amplitude corresponding to a second PMF/PEMF signal waveform, pattern, or profile.

In FIG. 6B, PMF/PEMF signals associated with the first and second PMF/PEMF therapy sessions of FIG. 6A are instead generated or provided as a combined or composite PMF/PEMF waveform, pattern, or profile during a single combined PMF/PEMF therapy session, with the aforementioned first and second PMF/PEMF signal waveforms, patterns, or profiles generated in a temporally interleaved manner. A PMF/PEMF signal rest time interval (e.g., typically 150 microseconds or longer) between the generation or application / delivery of a given or any PMF/PEMF pulse (or PMF/PEMF pulse packet) corresponding to the first PMF/PEMF signal waveform, pattern, or profile and a directly successive PMF/PEMF pulse (or PMF/PEMF pulse packet) corresponding to the second PMF/PEMF signal waveform, pattern, or profile is sufficiently long that the PMF/PEMF signals corresponding to each individual PMF/PEMF signal waveform, pattern, or profile are non-conflicting or non-disruptive with respect to each other, particularly with respect to their intended effects upon target body tissues of the subject.

In both scenarios shown in FIG. 6 A and 6B, a feedback loop can monitor the PMF/PEMF signals in real-time, ensuring that the PMF/PEMF signals generated are compliant with the intended treatment or therapy application and/or specifications. Further in relation to the foregoing, depending upon embodiment and/or treatment application details, particular pulse parameters (e.g., other than or in addition to amplitude, such as pulse frequency) can differ between the first and second PMF/PEMF signal waveforms, patters, or profiles.

It can be noted that the controller 120 can be configured (e.g., programmably configured) to manage or control (e.g., by way of the execution of stored program instructions by the controller’s processing unit) the generation of a combined PMF/PEMF waveform, pattern, or profile for essentially any type of magnetic signal generating module or PMF/PEMF signal applicator 130 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. It can be further noted that different combined PMF/PEMF waveforms, patterns, or profiles can be defined and stored corresponding to different subject body regions / tissue types, and subsequently selected for application to the subject, e.g., such that the controller 120 can manage the generation or application of a first combined PMF/PEMF waveform, pattern, or profile directed to a first target body region / tissue type of the subject, and can manage the generation or application of a different second combined PMF/PEMF waveform, pattern, or profile directed to a different second target body region / tissue type of the subject.

The above description details aspects of particular systems, apparatuses, devices, methods, processes, and procedures in accordance with particular non-limiting representative embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be readily understood by a person having ordinary skill in the relevant art that modifications can be made to one or more aspects or portions of these and related embodiments without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

For instance, in alternate embodiments, one or more portions of a PMF/PEMF signal applicator 130 can be similar, analogous, or essentially identical to embodiments described above with reference to FIG. 4A and/or FIG. 5A, wherein such alternate embodiments are specifically configured / structured for exposing the subject’s face and/or neck tissues, or particular portions thereof, to PMF/PEMF signals for subject cosmetic or visual appearance management, maintenance, or enhancement / restoration procedures in which PMF/PEMF signals can be applied to particular subject facial, neck, or other areas, e.g., for energizing facial muscles and/or enhancing collagen production / reducing skin sagging and/or wrinkles (e.g., around the subject’s forehead regions, eye regions, check regions, and/or neck regions). Such alternate embodiments can include a set of shielding components 135 configured for at least partially shielding non-target tissues from PMF/PEMF signals to which target face and/or neck tissues of the subject are intentionally exposed (e.g., thereby reducing, minimizing, or avoiding the unintentional exposure of subject non-target tissues to PMF/PEMF signals). As a representative example, a PMF/PEMF signal applicator 130 such as shown in FIG. 4A can include a set of shielding components 135 that reside and extend directly beyond or past the spatial outline borders of one or more subject facial and/or neck target areas, e.g., directly beyond and behind the entire spatial outline of the subject’s face; and the PMF/PEMF signal applicator 130 can include or consist essentially of an array of selectively activatable coils that are couplable or coupled to the drive signal generator 110 under the direction of the control unit 120, where such coils are configurable or configured to selectively expose subject target forehead region tissues, eye region tissues, cheek region tissues, upper and/or lower lip region tissues, and/or possibly neck region tissues to PMF/PEMF signals (e.g., in a selectable or programmable manner).

As another example, a PMF/PEMF applicator 130 such as described herein with reference to FIG. 3 A - 3C and/or possibly FIG. 3D can be utilized for health maintenance, health improvement, and/or cosmetic procedures by way of applying PMF/PEMF signals to fat(ty) tissues such as torso and/or lower body fat(ty) tissues, for instance, associated with subject abdominal, hip, buttock, and/or thigh regions to facilitate or drive the “browning” of adipose tissue, thereby facilitating metabolic enhancement and possibly at least some targeted fat removal.

It can also be noted that most of the embodiments shown include or utilize a Helmholz coil configuration or variants thereof for uniform or generally uniform magnetic field generation. However, PMF/PEMF signal applicators 130 in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited these types of coil configurations; rather, multiple embodiments in accordance with the present disclosure can include or utilize essentially any magnetic field generation device or configuration (e.g., coil configuration) that can expose subject target tissues to PMF/PEMF signals in an intended manner, while ideally or practically limiting, reducing, or minimizing subject non-target tissues to PMF/PEMF signal exposure (e.g., possibly in association or combination with one or more shielding components 135).

The foregoing and other modifications are encompassed by the scope of the following claims.