CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIO

[0001] This application claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 63/323,789, filed on March 25, 2022, the entire contents of each of which are hereby incorporated by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0002] Embodiments of the present invention relates to merchandise security, and, more particularly, to systems and methods for protecting retail display merchandise from theft.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0003] Displays for retail merchandise utilize different types of theft deterrent security systems and methods to discourage shoplifters. Many of these systems and methods include sensors and alarms that are mechanically attached, or are mechanically attached and electrically connected, to the item of merchandise to be protected. When the integrity of the display is compromised, such as by cutting or removing (i.e., unplugging) a cable that extends between the security system and the item of merchandise, or by separating (i.e., detaching) the item of merchandise from the security system, an alarm is activated to alert store personnel of a potential theft situation. Thus, conventional security systems having mechanical or electro-mechanical cables tethered to an item of merchandise, and other security systems that are physically attached to an item of merchandise, provide visual security at the expense of restricting a potential purchaser’s ability to interact freely with the merchandise. Consequently, conventional tethered security systems suffer from the disadvantage of providing a reduced “customer experience” for a potential purchaser of the merchandise.

BRIEF SUMMARY

[0004] Embodiments of the present invention are directed towards a security system for retail display. The security system includes a plurality of electronic devices on display for sale in a retail store, and each of the electronic devices comprises a memory storing computer-executable instructions, a controller, wireless communications ci renitry . and an output device. The computer-executable instructions of each of the electronic devices are configured to cause the wireless communications circuitry to transmit a beacon signal, and to disable operation of any one of the electronic devices based on a failure by any one of the electronic devices to receive the beacon signal from another one of the electronic devices.

[0005] In another embodiment, a method for protecting electronic devices on display for sale in a retail store from theft is provided. Each of the electronic devices comprises a controller, wireless communications circuitry, and an output device. The method includes wirelessly communicating between each of the electronic devices using a beacon signal transmitted by the wireless communications ci rcui try of each of the electronic devices and disabling operation of any one of the electronic devices based on a failure by one of the electronic devices to receive the beacon signal from another one of the electronic devices.

[0006] In another embodiment, a security system includes a plurality of electronic devices with each of the electronic devices comprising a memory storing computer-executable instructions, a controller, wireless communications circuitry, and an output device. The computer-executable instructions of each of the electronic devices are configured to cause the wireless communications circuitry to transmit a beacon signal, and to disable operation of any one of the electronic devices based on a failure by any one of the electronic devices to receive the beacon signal from another one of the electronic devices.

[0007] In another embodiment, a method for protecting electronic devices from unauthorized use. Each of the electronic devices comprises a controller, wireless communications circuitry, and an output device. The method includes wirelessly communicating between each of the electronic devices using a beacon signal transmitted by the wireless communications circuitry of each of the electronic devices and disabling operation of any one of the electronic devices based on a failure by one of the electronic devices to receive the beacon signal from another one of the electronic devices.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] FIG. 1 is a schematic view depicting an embodiment of a security system in accordance with the present invention for protecting retail display merchandise from theft.

[0009] FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view of an item of electronic merchandise configured for operation with the security system of FIG. 1.

[0010] FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a system and method in accordance with the present invention for operating the security system of FIG. 1 with the item of electronic merchandise of FIG. 2.

[0011] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a security system in accordance with the present invention for protecting retail display merchandise from theft configured for operation with an item of electronic merchandise.

[0012] FIG. 5 is an elevation view of the security system and the item of electronic merchandise of FIG.

4.

[0013] FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating another embodiment of a system and method in accordance with the present invention for operating the security system of FIG. 4 with the item of electronic merchandise. [0014] FIG. 7 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a security system in accordance with the present invention for protecting retail display merchandise from theft configured for operation with an item of electronic merchandise.

[0015] FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating another embodiment of a system and method in accordance with the present invention for operating the security system of FIG. 7 with the item of electronic merchandise. [0016] FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating another embodiment of a system and method in accordance with the present invention for operating one or more of the security systems of FIG. 7 with a security monitoring device.

[0017] FIG. 10 is a schematic view depicting an embodiment of a security system in accordance with the present invention for protecting retail display merchandise from theft.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0018] The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which embodiments of the invention are shown. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be constmed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout, and prime notation and multiple prime notations are used to indicate similar elements in alternative embodiments.

[0019] Referring initially to FIGS. 1-3, in one embodiment a retail display security system 10 according to the invention is configured for operation with an item of electronic merchandise 20 (or any like portable electronic device), which is illustratively shown herein as a mobile wireless communications device, and more specifically, a cellular telephone. The item of electronic merchandise 20 includes a portable (i.e. movable) housing 21 and a substrate 22, for example, a printed circuit board (PCB) comprising wireless communications circuitry that is carried by the housing. The substrate 22 may be a rigid PCB, or alternatively, may be a flexible substrate or flexible PCB. In some embodiments, the PCB may be replaced by or used in conjunction with a metal chassis or other structural substrate, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. Although reference is made to use of the security system 10 in a retail store, it is understood that embodiments of the present invention may be applicable to various other uses outside of retail to prevent theft or unauthorized use of electronic devices or to otherwise track, locate, or manage various portable electronic devices within an environment (e g., retail, government, hospitals, restaurants, etc.).

[0020] The wireless communications circuitry 23 carried by the housing 21 may include, for example, one or more wireless transceivers for transmitting and receiving cellular, WiFi, and/or Bluetooth communications. In some cases explained in further detail below, the wireless communications circuitry 23 may allow the item of electronic merchandise to operate as a beacon. The item of electronic merchandise 20 also illustratively includes a satellite positioning signal receiver 43, for example, a Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite receiver, as is known in the art. The item of electronic merchandise 20 further includes a display 24, and a plurality of input devices 25, illustratively keys, for accepting user inputs, as will also be appreciated by those skilled in the art. Input devices 25 may also be buttons or the like, or may be embodied by a touch screen, as is known in the art.

[0021] The item of electronic merchandise 20 also includes an orientation sensor 26 carried by the housing 21. The orientation sensor 26 may be a gyroscope, for example, and more particularly, may be a 3 -axis gyroscope. The orientation sensor 26 may also be embodied by a digital compass, for example, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.

[0022] The item of electronic merchandise 20 also includes an output device 27. In particular embodiments, the output device 27 is an audio output transducer, or speaker. The output device 27 may be another type of audio output device and other output devices may also be used, for example, a haptic output device or a visual output device, alone or in combination with an audio output device.

[0023] In the illustrated embodiments, the item of electronic merchandise 20 also includes an accelerometer 31 carried by the housing 21. The accelerometer 31 may be a multi -axis accelerometer, or alternatively, the item of electronic merchandise 20 may include multiple directional accelerometers.

[0024] The item of electronic merchandise 20 also includes a battery pack 32 that is likewise carried by the housing 21. The battery pack 32 includes battery management circuitry 33, such as power management circuitry, and one or more battery cells 34 operably coupled to the power management circuitry. Tire battery cells 34 may be rechargeable battery cells, such as a nickel-metal hydride or lithium ion battery cells. In some embodiments, the battery cells 34 may be replaced by or used in conjunction with another power source, such as a fuel cell, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. When not operating in conjunction with the retail display security' system 10 of the present invention, the item of electronic merchandise 20 may be powered by an external power source through a conventional power cord or charger.

[0025] The item of electronic merchandise 20 also includes a controller 35 carried by the housing 21 and operably coupled to the wireless communications circuitry 23, the accelerometer 31, the orientation sensor 26, and the output device 27. The controller 35 advantageously cooperates with the wireless communications circuitry 23 to coordinate and control operations of the item of electronic merchandise 20, namely wireless communications functions and capabilities of the cellular telephone. Operations may include mobile voice and data operations, including email and Internet data, for example. [0026] The controller 35 cooperates with the orientation sensor 26 to determine a reference direction of the item of electronic merchandise 20. For example, when the electronic merchandise 20 is held by a potential purchaser 36 in an operational position with the display 24 and input devices 25 facing the customer, the orientation sensor 26 may cooperate with the controller 35 to determine the direction that the customer and the electronic merchandise are facing, for example, North (FIG. 1). The controller 35 also cooperates with the accelerometer 31 to measure and monitor an acceleration of the item of electronic merchandise 20.

[0027] Based upon the orientation and measured accelerations of the item of electronic merchandise 20, as well as the elapsed time of any movements of the electronic merchandise, the controller 35 determines a distance from a given location, such as a designated retail display “home” position. The “home” position may, for example, be established by the item of electronic merchandise 20 being in contact with or in close proximity to a holder, platform or the like, generically referred to herein as a cradle 37. Cradle 37 may stand alone, or alternatively, may be permanently attached to, removably attached to, or otherwise operably coupled with a display stand, alarm module, base or the like 38. More particularly, the controller 35 may be programmed directly, for example, via the input devices 25, or alternatively, may be programmed indirectly by an external system or device, so that tire location of the cradle 37 is tire “home” position of the item of electronic merchandise 20. The controller 35 advantageously determines the distance the item of electronic merchandise 20 is moved from the “home” position (e.g. cradle 37), when the item of merchandise is removed from the “home” position by a customer considering whether to purchase the merchandise. As used herein, the term “distance traveled” refers to the absolute value of the radial distance that the item of electronic merchandise 20 is moved away from the “home” position. In particular examples, the controller 35 utilizes conventional motion processing algorithms to determine the distance traveled by the item of electronic merchandise 20 away from the “home” position.

[0028] It should be noted that the “home” position need not be the same location each time. Additionally, or alternatively, there may be more than one “home” position. For example a “home” position may be a battery charging station or any number of a plurality of “power hotspots,” such as inductive power transfer charging stations. Alternatively, or additionally, the “home” position may be a location at which the item of electronic merchandise 20 remains motionless for a period of time and the wireless communications circuitry 23 indicates a minimum threshold power signal. In other words, a “home” position may be established when the item of electronic merchandise is motionless and charging for a predetermined period of time. Alternatively, or in conjunction with establishing one or more “home” positions, the controller 35 may use one or more motion sensors and motion processing algorithms to establish (i.c. map) a “safe” zone (also boundary, perimeter or area) with or without reference to one or more “home” positions. The controller can then determine, based on subsequent motion processing, whether an item of merchandise is moved from a location within the “safe” zone to a location outside or beyond the established “safe” zone. In still other embodiments, the “home” position or location may simply be the display location of the item of electronic merchandise 20.

[0029] In particular embodiments, the controller 35 determines the distance traveled from the “home” position based upon inertial navigation system (INS) techniques, for example, dead reckoning, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. As such, in some embodiments no external references, for example, a GPS determined position or RF communication, are required to determine the distance traveled by the item of electronic merchandise 20 from the “home” position. As a result, the security system 10 configured for operation with an item of electronic merchandise 20 in accordance with this embodiment of the invention is particularly advantageous for use in an indoor environment, for example, a display area of a retail store, where a GPS position cannot always be determined and where RF communications can be obstructed.

[0030] As used herein, the term “inertial navigation system (INS)” means a navigation aid that uses a computer, motion sensors (e.g. accelerometers) and rotation sensors (e.g. gyroscopes) for processing motion without external references. The inertial navigation system (INS) advantageously determines, for example via dead reckoning, tire position, orientation, and velocity (direction and speed of movement) of a moving object without reliance on external references. Indeed, one particularly advantageous embodiment of the present invention is a security system including an inertial navigation system (INS) in the form of a software application and associated hardware, or a security system configured for operation with such an item of merchandise, that does not rely on an external reference for determining the position of the item of merchandise relative to a predetermined “home” position.

[0031] Tire item of electronic merchandise 20 illustratively includes a memory 41 for storing computerexecutable instructions and data for processing. The controller 35 may cooperate with the computerexecutable instructions in the memory 41, for example, an algorithm embodied in a software application, to perform the functions described herein. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the controller 35 may be embodied as a hardware component or as a combination of hardware and application software. [0032] Based upon the distance traveled by the item of electronic merchandise 20 from the cradle 37, the controller 35 determines whether the distance traveled exceeds at least one threshold distance. For example, the controller 35 may determine whether the item of electronic merchandise 20 has been moved more than ten feet in any radial direction from the cradle 37. Of course, the threshold distance may be set to any desired distance, or alternatively, to another variable, such as time, acceleration, orientation, etc. In particular, the threshold variable may be set to any desired value of any suitable variable via programming using the input devices 25, or wirelessly via the wireless communications circuitry 23. Alternatively, the memory 41 of the item of merchandise 20 may be pre-programmed with one or more predetermined threshold variables and/or values.

[0033] Regardless, when the threshold distance has been exceeded the controller 35 activates the output device 27 with a visual, an audible or haptic alarm. For example, the alarm may be an audible voice message requesting that the item of electronic merchandise 20 be returned to the cradle 37 within a limited period of time. The voice message may be customizable in that it may be set to be a male or female voice, and/or may be set to speak in a predetermined language or to speak in one or more of multiple languages. The controller 35 alternatively or additionally may activate other output devices 27, for example, a haptic (e.g. vibration) device or a visual (e.g. flashing LED) device.

[0034] In particular embodiments, there may be more than one threshold, for example a first threshold and a second threshold. When the controller 35 determines that a first threshold distance has been exceeded, the controller may activate an initial “warning” via the output device 27. The warning may be a voice, as noted above, and may indicate for example that unless the item of electronic merchandise 20 is returned to the “home” position or is brought back within the first threshold distance, an alarm will be activated.

[0035] If the item of electronic merchandise 20 is not timely returned to the “home” location or to a location within the first threshold distance, and instead, the second threshold distance is exceeded, the controller 35 may activate a subsequent alarm, such as an audible siren, via the output device 27. As previously mentioned, a time-based threshold may also be used alone or in combination with one or more distance-based thresholds. If the controller 35 activates an alarm indication, the controller may advantageously cooperate with the wireless communications circuitry 23 to transmit the location of the item of electronic merchandise 20 to another component of the security system or device. For example, if the item of electronic merchandise 20 is removed from the display area of the retail store to a location where GPS reception is possible, the controller 35 may transmit GPS coordinates via the wireless communication circuitry 23 to a remote server or central monitoring station based upon the satellite positioning signal receiver 43. The controller 35 may also cooperate with the wireless communications circuitry 23 to call a telephone number and/or send an email or text message to security or “loss prevention” personnel. In particular embodiments, if the item of electronic merchandise 20 includes a camera or camcorder, the controller 35 may activate the camera to take still photographs and/or activate the camcorder to record video footage. Regardless, the controller 35 may then further cooperate with the wireless communications circuitry 23 to transmit the video data to security or “loss prevention” personnel to be used to identify an alleged shoplifter.

[0036] Still further, the controller 35 may cooperate with the wireless communications circuitry 23 to wirelessly transmit instructions to activate another output device 27, such as a store alarm remote from the item of electronic merchandise 20 and the display area. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the controller 35 may cooperate with the wireless communications circuitry 23 to likewise communicate instructions to other security systems and/or devices to perform additional operations. In one advantageous example, the controller 35 may cooperate with the wireless communications ci rcnitry 23 to instruct adjacent cradles 37 supporting other items of merchandise to enter a “lockdown mode” so that the other items of merchandise supported thereon cannot be removed and stolen. Lockdown may be achieved by mechanical, magnetic, electrical, electromechanical or electromagnetic locks, as will be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0037] Moreover, in some embodiments, the controller 35 may determine whether the location of the item of electronic merchandise 20 is within a given geographical area based upon the distance traveled as determined by the movements of the merchandise. The controller 35 may cooperate with the wireless communications circuitry 23 to wirelessly transmit instructions to perform a further function based upon this distance. For example, the controller 35 may cooperate with the wireless communications circuitry 23 to send instructions to activate a remote audio and/or video presentation terminal when the user is adjacent the remote terminal. The remote terminal may provide sales or technical product information to the user related to the item of electronic merchandise 20, for example. Tire controller 35 may cooperate with the wireless communications circuitry 23 to transmit other instructions based upon a position, location, orientation or distance from a reference location of the merchandise 20, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.

[0038] The controller 35 may deactivate the output device 27 upon the item of electronic merchandise 20 being returned (i.e. moved back) within the first or second threshold distance, for example. Alternatively or additionally, the controller 35 may disable the output device 27 based upon an input from the input devices 25, for example, a security code entered via a keypad. The controller 35 may also deactivate the output device 27 wirelessly via the wireless communications circuitry 23, or via a key, such as a mechanical, magnetic, electrical, optical or infrared key fob device. Of course, the controller 35 may perform additional and/or other communications functions upon an alarm condition, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, including for example, disabling one or more functions, capabilities or operations of the merchandise 20.

[0039] A further sensor 42 may be carried by the housing 21 adjacent the battery packs 32 and coupled to the controller 35. The controller 35, based upon an unauthorized entry into the housing 21, such as an attempted access to the battery pack 32 through the battery door, may activate an alarm from the output device 27. The further sensor 42 may be any type of sensor, for example, a magnetic sensor, an optical sensor, a pressure or limit switch, or a contact switch. Activation of the alarm may advantageously indicate an unauthorized attempt to remove the battery pack 32 in an effort to disable the security system 10, and thereby provide an increased time for a response from security personnel. The controller 35 may perform other actions, for example, communications via the wireless communications circuitry 23 as previously described, based upon input from the further sensor 42.

[0040] The security system 10 configured for operation with the item of electronic merchandise 20 may advantageously be calibrated when it is placed on the cradle 37 at the “home” position in the display area. More particularly, the controller 35 of the item of electronic merchandise 20 may receive a wireless signal or other signal from the cradle 37 indicating that the location of the cradle is the desired “home” position. Since position errors may accumulate each time the item of electronic merchandise 20 is moved, the security system 10 and/or the cradle 37 may be equipped with a suitable sensor and associated circuitry to reset the “home” position when the item of electronic merchandise 20 is supported on the cradle. In a particular embodiment, the cradle 37 is a charging station and the controller 35 resets the “home” position of the item of electronic merchandise 20 based upon the merchandise being in a motionless state for a predetermined period of time and/or being charged by the charging station. Alternatively, or in addition, other continuous or periodic calibration techniques applicable to inertial navigation systems, inertial guidance units and the like may be used.

[0041] As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the security system 10 configured for operation with the item of electronic merchandise 20 advantageously allows a potential purchaser 36 to direct his or her attention on the electronic merchandise 20 instead of being annoy ed or distracted with a cumbersome tethered security system or device. The security system 10 similarly allows retailers to likewise focus attention on the display merchandise and not a tethered security system or device. As a result, the security system 10 provides for an improved or increased “customer experience,” and thereby increases the likelihood of making a sale, while reducing merchandise losses due to theft. In particular, mechanical and electromechanical tethered security devices that include cords, cables, etc. may interfere with the customer experience by restricting the ability of the potential purchaser to freely interact with the item of electronic merchandise 20.

[0042] In tethered and/or wired security systems and devices, the cables or cords may be become worn over repeated use, and as a result, may cause false alarms. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, a false alarm may be embarrassing to a potential purchaser and may deter the customer from purchasing the item of merchandise 20. Accordingly, the cables and/or cords often need to be replaced, which leads to increased maintenance and additional security costs to the retailer. Still further, in the case of a retail display for displaying electronic merchandise such as described herein, an additional cable may be required to supply power to the merchandise, as the batery cells 34 may be capable of supplying power to the electronic item of merchandise 20 for only a limited amount of time, especially when the merchandise is operated repeatedly by potential purchasers while the store is open. [0043] Referring now to FIGS. 4-6, another embodiment of a security system 10’ according to the present invention is configured for operation with an item of merchandise 20’ that includes a housing 21’ having a display 24’ and input devices 25’ carried by the housing. In addition, an externally mounted security module 50’ is secured to the item of merchandise 20’. The security module 50’ includes its own housing 51’ that carries an orientation sensor 26’ and accelerometer 31’. The security module 50’ also includes an output device 27’, and may optionally include wireless communications circuitry 23’, for example, Bluetooth or other protocol communications circuitry. A power source 32’, for example an internal battery pack, is also carried by the housing 51’ to provide power to a controller 35’ and related circuitry, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. In some cases, the security module 50’ may be configured to pass power to the item of merchandise, such as for example, when the security module is resting on the cradle 37.

[0044] An adhesive layer 44’ (FIG. 5) may be used to mount or attach the housing 51’ of the security module 50’ to the housing 21’ of the item of merchandise 20’. For example, the adhesive layer 44’ may be a pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA). Other types of adhesives may be used, and other mounting or attachment elements may be used, such as interlocking features, magnetically attractive strips, etc. as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. Tire temporary (i.e. releasable) coupling pennits the security module 50’ to be installed for retail display and subsequently removed upon sale of the item of merchandise 20’ or in order to reuse the security module 50’ with a different item of merchandise.

[0045] The above-noted components are operably coupled to the controller 35’ that is carried within the housing 51’. The controller 35’ is advantageously configured to operate similarly to the embodiment of the security system 10 configured for operation with the item of electronic merchandise 20 described above with respect to FIGS. 1-3. In other words, the security module 50’ with controller 35’ is a standalone security system 10’ that may be externally mounted or attached to a housing 21’ of the item of merchandise 20’, or to any other high value merchandise. It should be noted that since the security module 50’ is a stand-alone security system, the item of merchandise 20’ need not be an electronic item of merchandise. For example, the item of merchandise 20’ may be an article of jewelry , an article of clothing, an item of pre-recorded media (e.g. CD, DVD, etc.) or the like. Alternatively or additionally, the item of merchandise 20’ may include electronics, such as the cellular telephone illustratively shown herein with respect to the embodiments of the invention.

[0046] The security module 50’ may also include a further sensor 42’, for example, a mechanical limit or pressure sensor, that may be operably coupled to the controller 35’. The further sensor 42’ may be configured to sense a separation between the housing 51’ and the housing 21’ that would occur if the security module 50’ is removed (detached) from the item of merchandise 20’. Other sensors may cooperate with the controller 35’ to sense tampering with the security module 50’, for example, an electrical sensor, optical (i.e. light) sensor, or a magnetic sensor. Regardless, the controller 35’ may be operable to activate an alarm based on an indicated state of the further sensor 42’, as previously described.

[0047] The security module 50’ is particularly advantageous for protecting an item of merchandise 20’ that does not include wireless communications circuitry, an accelerometer, and/or a gyroscope, for example, a stand-alone camera or a stand-alone portable media player, electronic reader or the like. In other words, the security module 50’ may be considered an “add-on” to the item of merchandise 20’. However, if the item of merchandise 20’ includes wireless communications circuitry, the wireless communications circuitry 23’ of the security module 50’ may communicate with the wireless communications circuitry of the item of merchandise to control operation thereof, such as to shut off the item of merchandise or to restrict (disable) its operation. At least some of the above-noted components, for example, the output device 27’ may be carried by the housing 21’ of the item of merchandise 20’ in further embodiments.

[0048] In an advantageous embodiment, the security module 50’ is an external sensor that is temporarily attached, for example via a pressure sensate adhesive (PSA), to an item of merchandise 20’ and is removably positioned or supported on a display stand, alarm module, base or the like 38 having battery charging capability. Both the sensor 50’ and the base 38 may have wireless “qi” compliant battery charging capability that incorporates magnetic inductive coils to transfer electrical power from the base to the sensor in a known manner. Furthermore, the base 38 and/or the sensor 50’ include voltage regulator electronics and circuitry for providing a proper charging and/or operating voltage to an electronic item of merchandise 20’ attached to the sensor. For example, the base 38 and/or the sensor 50’ may include electronics and circuitry for identifying an electronic item of merchandise 20’ and its charging and operating power requirements. Consequently, the base 38 is operable to provide electrical power to the sensor 50’ and/or an electronic item of merchandise 20’ attached to the sensor when the sensor is positioned or supported on the base.

[0049] Regardless, the sensor 50’ operates in the manner previously described to determine a distance travelled by the item of merchandise 20’ away from a retail display “home” position 37’ (i.e. base 38) and to activate an output device 27’ in the event that the distance travelled from the base 38 exceeds a threshold distance. In a particular embodiment, the wireless communications circuitry 23’ of the sensor 50’ communicates with wireless communications circuitry disposed within the base 38 to activate an additional output device, such as a visual indicator (e g. LED) or an audio alarm, at the “home” location and/or a remote location. As such, the orientation sensor 26’ and the accelerometer 31’ previously described may be carried by the base 38 instead of the sensor 50’. Furthermore, the sensor 50’ and/or the base 38 may be provided with a communications port for programming as well as for enabling and subsequently disabling the security system 10’. In still other embodiments, the base 38 may be configured via the wireless “qi” compliant battery charging capability to automatically determine the charging and/or operating power requirements for another electronic item of merchandise 20’ attached to a different sensor 50’ in the event that the different sensor is inadvertently positioned or supported on the base.

[0050] Referring now to FIGS. 7-8, yet another embodiment of a security system 10” according to the present invention is configured for operation with an item of electronic merchandise 20”. The security system 10” is embodied in the form of a display battery pack 55”. The display battery pack 55” includes a housing 56” that is sized to be disposed within the housing 21” of the item of electronic merchandise 20” in place of the service battery pack. In other words, the display battery pack 55” has the same size and shape (planform) as the service battery pack normally provided for the item of electronic merchandise 20”. As such, the display battery pack 55” may be inserted into the battery compartment of the item of electronic merchandise 20” to temporarily replace the standard service battery pack.

[0051] Similar to the embodiments of the security system described above with respect to FIGS. 1-3 and FIGS. 4-6, the display battery pack 55” also includes an orientation sensor 26” carried by the housing 56” and an accelerometer 31” also carried by the housing 56”. Tire display battery pack 55” also includes an output device 27”, and may also optionally include wireless communications circuitry 23”, for example, Bluetooth or other protocol communications circuitry. A reduced power source 32” (e.g. battery cell 34”) and related battery' circuitry 33”, is also carried by the housing 56” to power the controller 35” and other components of the display battery pack 55”, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. However, the configuration of the battery cell 34” is physically more compact than a standard-sized battery cell typically provided with tire service battery pack for tire item of electronic merchandise 20”, since the above-noted electronic components of the display battery pack 55” also require space within the housing 56”.

[0052] The display battery pack 55” may be configured to be charged inductively or capacitively from a charging station (not shown), which may be the “home” position, as previously described. For example, the display battery' pack 55” may include the standardized Wireless Power Consortium’s “qi” compliant charging capabilities. Alternatively, the display battery' pack 55” may be compliant with other charging standards or may be operable for charging via a proprietary charging protocol. Advantageously, the display battery pack 55” being “qi” compliant does not require the item of electronic merchandise 20” itself to be “qi” compliant, and further, requires no additional hardware on the item of electronic merchandise 20” for charging in the retail display environment (e.g. a power adapter cable). Of course, the display battery' pack 55” may be charged using any other charging method without departing for the intended scope of the security systems and methods of the present invention. Regardless, the above mentioned components are operably coupled to the controller 35” that is carried within the housing 56”. The controller 35” is advantageously configured to operate similarly to the embodiments described above with respect to FIGS. 1-3 and FIGS. 4-6.

[0053] The display battery pack 55” is also particularly advantageous for protecting an item of electronic merchandise 20” that does not include wireless communications circuitry, an accelerometer, and/or a gyroscope, for example a conventional camera, portable media player, electronic reader or the like. Advantageously, the display batteiy pack 55” does not increase the size or footprint of the item of electronic merchandise 20”, and furthermore, does not protrude or extend outwardly from the housing 21” of the electronic merchandise.

[0054] Moreover, if the item of electronic merchandise 20” includes wireless communications circuitry, the wireless communications circuitry 23” of the display battery pack 55” may communicate with the wireless communications circuitry of the electronic merchandise to control operation thereof, for example, to shut-off the item of electronic merchandise or to restrict (i.e. disable) its operation. At least some of the above-noted components, for example, the output device 27” may be carried by the housing 21” of the item of electronic merchandise 20”.

[0055] A further sensor 42”, such as, for example, a mechanical limit or pressure sensor, or other sensor or sensors (e.g. electrical, magnetic, optical, etc.) may cooperate with the controller 35” to determine when the battery compartment door of the housing 21” is being opened. This may be indicative of tampering, or more particularly, an attempt to remove the display battery pack 55”. Based upon the sensor detecting an unsecured state or condition, the controller 35” may activate an alarm and/or communicate, via the wireless communications circuitry 23”, to control or disable the item of electronic merchandise 20”. In addition, the display battery pack 55” may be more securely retained within tire battery compartment of the housing 21” of the item of electronic merchandise 20” with an attachment element, such as an adhesive, anchors or functionally similar hardware, or a press fit. Securely retaining the display battery pack 55” may advantageously increase the amount of time required for a potential thief to remove the display battery pack from the item of electronic merchandise 20”.

[0056] While the security system described above with respect to FIGS. 7-8 may be in the form of a display battery pack 55”, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the same functionality and components of the display battery pack may be embodied in any form factor. For example, the security system may be embodied in the form of a secure-digital (SD) memory card or subscriber identity module (SIM) card that is coupled with a camcorder, camera, electronic reader, personal computer, tablet or other item of electronic merchandise. Furthermore, the security system may take other forms where it is embodied in a replacement module or component for an existing module or component of an item of merchandise. [0057] FIG. 9 illustrates an embodiment of a system and method 100” according to the present invention for operating one or more of the display battery packs 55a”-55d” with a security monitoring device 60”. As shown, the security monitoring device 60” includes a controller 61” and wireless communications circuitry 62” coupled to the controller 61” of the security monitoring device. Advantageously, the security monitoring device 60” is paired, for example, by wireless communication (e.g. Bluetooth, RF, etc.), with each of the display battery packs 55a”-55d”. As such, each display battery pack 55a”-55d” communicates, via its respective wireless communications circuitry 23”, with the security monitoring device 60” via its wireless communications circuitry 62”. In other words, each display battery pack 55a”-55d” is paired with the security monitoring device 60” by way of wireless communications. The security monitoring device 60”, via its controller 61”, monitors communications to each of the display battery packs 55a”-55d”, for example, for an indication that each security system 10” is active.

[0058] The security monitoring device 60” may be conceptually thought of as a “watch tower.” If the security monitoring device 60” detects, for example, via a received “distress” signal from a display battery pack 55a”-55d”, or determines that communication with a security system has been lost (i.e. decoupled or de-linked), the security monitoring device’s controller 61” may activate an output device 63” indicative of an unsecured state or condition, for example, an audio, visual, and/or haptic alarm. Hie controller 61” may also communicate, via the wireless communications circuitry 62”, to each display battery pack 55a”-55d” to activate a respective output device 27” of each display battery pack security system (i.e. a dual alarm condition) so that security personnel are able to identify the display battery pack 55” of a particular item of electronic merchandise 20” communicating a distress signal. The security monitoring device 60” may also be activated based upon any of the further sensors described above, or manually, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. Moreover, the security monitoring device 60” may also include charging ci rcuitry 64” coupled to the controller 61” and configured to function as a charger for the display battery packs 55a”-55d”, and may be “qi” compliant as described above.

[0059] While the display battery pack 55” has been described as being used with the security monitoring device 60”, it will be appreciated that the security monitoring device 60” may be used in conjunction with any of the above embodiments of security systems according to the present invention. In particular, the security monitoring device 60” may be used in conjunction with a retail display cradle 37”, as previously described, and may likewise define a “home” position for an item of electronic merchandise 20”. In another embodiment, the security monitoring device 60” is paired to a security system according to the present invention by a wireless communication link (e g. Bluetooth; RF; etc.) and acts as a “watch tower” with a “dead man’s switch” to activate an alarm at the security monitoring device based upon a failure to receive a return signal from the security system. Alternatively or additionally, the security monitoring device 60” may activate an alarm at a remote location or transmit a security signal (e.g. send a text or email notification) to security personnel, as previously described.

[0060] Additionally, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that any of the above-described embodiments may be used either alone or in conjunction with one another to provide a “multi-layered” security system that provides increased overall security. For example, as a “first layer,” the controller of an item of electronic merchandise may cooperate with the memory of the merchandise to provide increased security as described above with respect to FIGS. 1-3. The same item of electronic merchandise may also include, as a “second layer,” a display battery pack, as described with respect to FIGS. 7-8. As a “third layer,” the security monitoring device, (i.e. watch tower), may also be used with wireless communications circuitry in the manner described with respect to FIG. 9.

[0061] A related method according to the present invention is provided for protecting a retail display item of electronic merchandise to be evaluated and operated by a customer when considering whether to purchase the merchandise. As described above, the item of electronic merchandise includes a portable housing, at least one sensor carried by the portable housing, at least one output device carried by the portable housing, and a controller carried by the portable housing and coupled to the at least one sensor and to the at least one output device. Tire method may include determining a distance, for example an absolute radial distance, traveled by the item of electronic merchandise from a retail display “home” position using the controller and the at least one sensor. The method may further include using the controller to activate the at least one output device based upon the distance traveled by the item of electronic merchandise from the “home” position exceeding at least one threshold distance.

[0062] As used herein, the term “motion processing” refers to analysis of motion behavior based upon sensor inputs to determine a potentially unsecured state or condition. Although tire primary parameter for determining an unsecured state or condition is the absolute radial distance that the item of merchandise has been moved from a “home” position, other parameters, such as direction of travel, rate of travel, acceleration, orientation, etc., may also determine an unsecured state or condition. In some embodiments, the security system including an inertial navigation system (INS) is a self-contained “add-on” security module that is affixed to an item of merchandise, for example, a retail display item of merchandise being displayed for sale in a display area of a retail store.

[0063] In other embodiments, the security system is advantageously incorporated into the form factor, i.e., size, shape, and volume, for example, of a display battery pack for an item of electronic merchandise. While the display battery pack necessarily reduces the stored energy capacity of the retail display merchandise, it provides the required components (including, for example, application software, sensors, and audio/spcakcr) for increased security and docs not rely on the intrinsic components and capabilities of the item of electronic merchandise being displayed. [0064] In yet further embodiments, an item of electronic merchandise may include a software application for “smart” electronic merchandise functionality that is capable of executing a software application. In this manner, the security system leverages the sensors, controller, audio components and capabilities of the item of electronic merchandise, in particular, the host “smart” consumer electronics device. Thus, in some cases, battery packs and other external modules may be unnecessary. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the term “smart” consumer electronics device as used herein refers to any device that is capable of executing a software application, for example, a cellular telephone, tablet computer, tablet device, laptop computer, notebook computer, digital camera, SLR, media (audio/video) player, or other electronics device including processing capability and an executable memory.

[0065] In other embodiments, the item of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20” may include a software application that operates in conjunction with a “watch tower” in the way of a beacon 100, such as a Bluetooth beacon, that is configured to transmit a beacon signal (see, e.g., FIG. 10). In some examples, the beacon 100 may be configured to only transmit a detectable signal, i.e., not receive a signal. Any number of beacons 100 may be employed depending on the number of items of merchandise, zones, type of environment (single story vs. multi-story buildings), and/or redundancy desired. In some cases, the software application may be used to continuously scan for a beacon signal with a certain code (e.g., a Bluetooth beacon signal including the UUID or the MFG ID or any other signal present in a Bluetooth beacon). When the beacon signal is present or otherwise detectable by the item of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20” (e.g., within a defined area or range), the item will remain in a normal operation mode. When the signal disappears or is otherwise undetectable by the item for a predetermined period of time (e.g., greater than 2 seconds, greater than 5 seconds, greater than 10 seconds, etc.), the software application may cause the item to be disabled. For instance, the item of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20” may enter a lock-down mode. The lock-down mode may disable the item of electronic merchandise such that it is incapable of being used. In some cases, this may be referred to as “bricking” the item. In the lock-down mode, a display of the item of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20” may inform the user to return the item to its designated home location or display area. The item of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20” may be configured in such a way that the user is incapable of navigating away from the current display while the item is out of range of the beacon signal. Once the item of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20” is returned to an area in which communication is restored with the beacon, the item of electronic merchandise may be configured to reenter a normal operation state. In some cases, the item of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20” may also be configured to generate an audible alarm with an output device based on a failure to receive the beacon signal. Of course, embodiments of the present invention contemplate that the beacons 100 may be alternatively configured to communication with items of merchandise when the item of merchandise is within a defined distance or zone, i.e., the item of merchandise 20, 20’, 20” will only “brick” when communication is established (e.g., at an exit of a retail store). In some embodiments, the beacon may be configured to operate using magnetic signals for various types of inclusion or exclusion zones, such as that disclosed in U.S. Publication No. 2021/0264754, entitled Merchandise Display Security Systems and Methods, or in combination with other types of wireless signals (e.g., Bluetooth).

[0066] While a hardware beacon 100 can be used in some embodiments, in another embodiment, the software application executed by the item of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20” may allow for the item to act as a transmitter of the beacon signal. Thus, in some cases, a separate beacon 100 may be unnecessary. In this example, each item of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20” on display in a retail store may be configured to provide a beacon signal that is detectable by other items within communication range. Thus, each of the items of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20” are configured to transmit and receive detectable signals. This may provide advantages as it creates a natural security area around the item of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20” without having to use a separate hardware component, thereby eliminating the need to determine where to mount and provide power to the beacon. It may also provide redundancy in the case where a plurality of items of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20” act as beacons, such as reducing tire risk of lost beacon packets accidentally causing an item to enter a lockdown mode. In some cases, the wireless communications circuitry of each item of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20” may be configured to transmit and receive beacon signals.

[0067] In some cases, using the item of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20” as its own beacon may create a security risk in that a thief could steal multiple items that would never go into a lock-down mode because each one is communicating with one other via beacon signals. In retail establishments, the items of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20” are usually being powered. In order to solve the aforementioned issue, the software application may be configured to cause the item of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20” to monitor the power input to the item. For example, in some embodiments, the electronic item of merchandise 20, 20’, 20” may be coupled to a security module 50’ that includes a power cable connected to the input of the item of merchandise for providing power. Thus, no alarm occurs so long as the item of merchandise 20, 20’, 20” is receiving power. If the power input disappears, this is an indication that the power cable has been unplugged or the item of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20” has been picked up off a charging base. The software application may then be configured to cause the item of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20” to cease transmission of its beacon signal until it determines that its power has been restored. Thus, any two items of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20” may be configured to enter a lock-down mode if they fail to receive a beacon signal from one another and power is not restored within a predetermined period of time. Of course, other triggers for bricking the item of merchandise 20, 20’, 20” may be employed, such as in response to the item of merchandise establishing cellular connectivity, e.g., when a potential thief attempts to activate an item.

[0068] In other embodiments, the item of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20” may be capable of providing a programmable beacon code (e.g., UUID code). For example, the software application running on the item of merchandise may be configured to automatically configure the UUID and transmit it to the beacon. It may be disadvantageous to use the same beacon code for all items of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20”, as that would make it easy for a thief to hack the system by bringing in a programmable beacon. Thus, in some cases, the item of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20” may be configured to allow a user to input a security code using the software application. Thus, the code may be manually entered or otherwise customizable. Thus, in some cases, the unique code is unique to the retail store such that no other retail store has the same unique code. The security code need not be a full UUID, but could be, for example, just the first four digits of the UUID code. In other cases, the security code could be a combination of a customer ID and a zone ID. The software application may then cause the item of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20” to both listen for and transmit the beacon signal with that security code embedded. In this embodiment, all items of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20” containing the same security code would be communicating with and protecting each other. Therefore, a retail store at a different location would have a different security code, so if a thief managed to obtain that security code, it would be unusable in any store other than the one it originated in. Another advantage of this system is that it may allow retailers to set up multiple zones. For example, a display for one type of item of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20” (e.g., mobile phones) could use one security code, and a display for a different type of item of electronic merchandise (e.g., tablets) may use a different security code.

[0069] Note that in each of the embodiments discussed above where the item of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20” is capable of transmitting a beacon signal, a hardware beacon 100 could also be added to enhance the system. For example, hardware beacons 100 may be used in cases where only one item of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20” is being displayed at a particular location since there would not be a network of items of electronic merchandise transmitting the beacon signal. In other cases, a separate hardware beacon 100 may be used for redundancy and/or to enhance security in that multiple beacon signals are present. For instance, items of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20” may be configured to enter a lock-down mode or be “bricked” if a beacon signal is received by another item or a hardware beacon 100. In other cases, a hardware beacon 100 could be used for back-up and/or to determine whether to cause an item of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20” to enter a lock-down mode if an item fails to receive a beacon signal from another item, e.g., if the item also fails to receive the beacon signal from the hardware beacon. [0070] In some embodiments, a method for disabling and uninstalling the software application used to enter a lock-down mode may be provided. In one example, the security code and a password may be used to disable the software application or to unlock or otherwise “unbrick” the item of merchandise 20, 20’, 20”. This is a simple method and works well, but the security code could be shared with other that have nefarious intentions. One way around this is to have a second beacon - a disable beacon - that has uses a unique UUID or MFG ID. The software application may cause the item of electronic merchandise 20, 20’, 20” to listen for the unique code and only disable when it the unique code is present. The disable beacon may be stored in a secure location that is only accessible by authorized users, such as in a locked cabinet that is only accessible by a manager when needed.

[0071] In some embodiments, the software application may facilitate programming the time period in which the electronic item of merchandise 20, 20’, 20” may be bricked or not bricked. For instance, in a retail environment, the retailer may be able to configure the store hours in the application to thereby only allow the item of merchandise 20, 20’, 20” to alarm during store hours but not alarm after hours. However, the item of merchandise 20, 20’, 20” may be able to be bricked regardless of the time of day.

[0072] It should be noted that the operations in instructions executed by the controller for any of the embodiments disclosed herein may be provided by a computer-readable medium, memory, or other storage medium. Many modifications and other embodiments of the invention will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art having the benefit of the teachings presented in the foregoing descriptions and the associated drawings. Therefore, it is understood and appreciated that the invention is not to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and that modifications to the disclosed embodiments and other undisclosed embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.