ENERGY PUMP INSTALLATION - MOTOSYNTHESIS

The invention is related to a technique and a low temperature energy pump installation - evolution from the environmental temperature downwards, which accumulates mechanically in an efficient way, matter with indirect solar energy, from the outside of the system, from the conditions of the environment, air ... it synthesizes: it transforms it into potential primary pressure energy - it completes the motosynthesis phenomenon and the primary potential energy body is obtained efficiently - A U, for ... the secondary-subunit transformation, classically known, into usable mechanical work, back to the outside of the system.

Motosynthesis - fluid motor synthesis, a denomination similar to that of photosynthesis - photon synthesis.

In order to achieve the usable mechanical work, the technique and installation of the present high temperature thermal machines are known, which evolve from the environmental temperature upwards, by burning fuels, from the straw fire, to the nuclear fission and the hope for fusion - to obtain the speed increase of the elementary particles -to temperature, in order to achieve the pressure and the transformation into usable mechanical work outside of the system.

But: the high temperature technique is achieved by the expansion-burning of the primary energy potentials,— already accumulated by photosynthesis, from the direct solar energy-radiation, by the energy correlation between the front and the back of the leave, where the energy potential difference is derived - the cold source, the reverse way in respect to the Carnot cycle - the accumulation.

Biomass, and by mineral conservation, oil, coal, natural gas, U235 are obtained.

These energy potentials have the disadvantage that they are accumulated-achieved in a dispersed manner on Terra, over the course of about one to four hundred million years.

With the high temperature technique (steam engine) the thermodynamics as a science began, but: the second part, the second principle of thermodynamics - the expansion of the already accumulated primary energy potential and the secondary subunit transformation into usable mechanical work, from order to ... disorder, in the exterior of the system. The naturally accumulated primary energy potential, from the exterior of the system, from disorder to order, by the photosynthesis system - efficient (h>1) one seed - seeded grain = more grains. The principle of Carnot - Clausius is also known, with the two thermal machines M and M’, with the high temperature technique, with the help of which it is demonstrated that the energy-heat of the environment is impossible to operate-be transformed into usable mechanical work, with only one source of energy - without energy potential difference, which contravenes to the second principle of thermodynamics.

The present machines with the high temperature technique and installation complete only the expansion cycle of the primary energy potential, already accumulated by ... photosynthesis.

It results that: the high temperature thermal mechanical (and biological) machine works with two energy cycles - the primary cycle:— the efficient accumulation of the potential energy body, by the natural photosynthesis system, from the outside of the system from disorder to order, and the secondary cycle - the expansion of the accumulated primary energy potential and the subunit transformation into usable mechanical work back to the exterior of the system to ... disorder.

With a view to the mechanical accumulation of the energy from the exterior of the system, from the environmental conditions, from disorder to order, the heat pump is known, which is efficient (h>1), working in the reverse way in respect to the Carnot’s cycle, by achieving the second thermal source - the cold source in the system. But it has the disadvantage that, using the lamination of the refrigerating fluid, it is transformed into kinetic energy - internal mechanical work with itself, and the reduction of the molecular average speed - the cooling is obtained in this way, accumulating only the thermal energy from the outside of the system, at low thermal potential - the measure-effect of the movement inside the closed circuit of the matter - specific: refrigerating, calorific. The mechanical work of the detent is not used for accumulating matter, too, from the exterior of the system in order to achieve pressure-energy potential, transformable into usable mechanical work, in order to become autonomous from the energy point of view. The operation of the installation is performed with energy consumption, from the exterior of the system, with a succession of efficiencies.

We also know the injector installation and technique with steam engine fluid, which accumulates matter-water with energy from the exterior of the system, from the environmental conditions-disorder and introduces it to order under pressure in the steam tanks (engines). Because of the speed-physical detent- dynamic pressure surge in the continuous flow of the steam-water mix achieved in the clearance of the specific convergent divergent sections, after priming, at the exit of the injector, the steam water mix achieves a pressure surge, higher than the high pressure from the same steam tank, it opens the valve and they are introduced in the same steam tank, in closed circuit, by their own physical force, in continuous flow. Therefore: the system is achieving its primary mechanical work, accumulating energy matter, from disorder from the outside of the system to order in the efficient potential system. But: the steam injector cannot become autonomous from the energy point of view because the motor-steam fluid is achieved at high temperature with continuous energy consumption from the outside of the system-fuel burning for the transformation of water into steam and maintenance of the pressure. It is known that the injectors have an efficiency of only 15 - 30%, but: when achieving secondary usable mechanical work, from the system back to the exterior of the system.

The technique of wind, hydro, solar cell energy accumulation is also known, but it has the disadvantage of the accumulation of primary energy in a dispersed way, in the exterior of the system.

The high temperature machine installations and technique have in general the disadvantage that the photosynthesis - the accumulation of the primary energy potential U is completed statically, chemically, in a dispersed way on Terra, over a long period of time, the products polluting the environment.

The low temperature energy technique, according to this invention, eliminates the disadvantages of the high temperature technique, namely, in order to obtain the primary energy potential body - AU, mechanically and efficiently (h>1) from the exterior of the system, from the environmental conditions, for the secondary transformation, classically known, into usable mechanical work, it uses the supersonic injector installation in two stages, which works with motor fluid corresponding to ... compressed air in a high pressure container pi.

In operation, in the first supersonic stage, the throat of the injector communicates freely and permanently with the atmosphere by action nozzles, in order for the fluid to expand laterally for a short time, it attains supersonic-detent speed in continuous flow, great pressure surge onward dynamics on the direction of the force - the energy formula, so that the static pressure of the motor fluid decreases under the atmospheric pressure Po, thermal correlation and the second thermal source To is derived - the cold source in the system, the reverse way in respect to Carnot’s cycle - the second principle of thermodynamics. The energy difference between the system and the exterior of the system is created, which completes the motor fluid - synthesis, with matter and indirect solar energy from the exterior of the system air ... The fluidic mix in the direction of the force, the great dynamic pressure surge on the surface unit of the section, higher than the pressure in the container, gets in the second subsonic stage, by the small divergent section of the injector, where it is transformed into pressure energy, it returns to the initial temperature through the mixing up and compression, and at the limit of the divergence region, a pressure surge is derived, corresponding to the dynamic pressure surge at the divergent entrance, higher than the initial pressure in the container, p2 ^> pi. The pressure surge that has been attained pushes the valve and penetrates back into the container, it closes the circuit - cycle in continuous flow, and the accumulation occurs - the achievement of the primary energy potential body - AU, at high pressure, from the exterior of the system in continuous flow - the first principle of thermodynamics.

Due to the section clearance, in the two supersonic and subsonic stages, the physical phenomenon of discontinuity occurs, in the fluid flow sudden variations of the speed take place, density and pressure surges occur. At the same time, if in the final divergent part, the fluid speed decreases, the pressure p rises, the specific volume v decreases correspondingly. The variation of the critical speed w of the fluid at the limit of the divergence region - '·¾ - from where the pressure surge is resulted:

Ol ~ ^W 2.)

^Pl

The possibility demonstrated in the theoretical dynamics of the gases if: the critical speed w^c* and w ₂ < c* and ¾^si _, it results that p ₂ > pi in the relation indicated above c*= the speed of the sound, s = entropy - the amount of movement, the mass or speed mv - the fluid comes out from the injector at a lower speed compressed-the pressure surge.

The supersonic injector installation, according to the invention, is powered by - works form the energy point of view from its own circuit, becoming autonomous from the energy point of view, similarly, like the motor-heart in the animal regnum, with closed blood circuit, which takes over energy matter from the open digestive circuit - motosynthesis - the tree of the mechanical life - cold food for the mechanical horse power.

With the low temperature technique according to this invention, the first part of thermodynamics - principle one AU = AE, which at present represents only - the energy-measure-the effect of matter movement,— is completed with the cycle of the accumulation of energy matter, from the exterior of the system from ... disorder AUo, to order in systems, primary bodies, as nature works. The genesis-synthesis- creation of the systems, primary bodies efficiently (h>1) - from where AU results, and achieves-introduces a

new state variable the efficiently potential accumulation aep the internal energy D of the

ύϋ—Dϋo

systems, primarily accumulated bodies in general, from the sub-quantum quantum state, to the state of the universe. The source of the second principle of thermodynamics, of detent and reversibility - entropy S - from order to disorder... back to the exterior of the system - the source of accumulation - the first principle of thermodynamics.

— Nothing can ever expand unless it has accumulated first.

The sun as a system, accumulated-compressed by gravitational attraction - the electrostatic gravific whirlwind, at present and never - will it stop its gravitational attraction, and it attracts-accumulates energy matter, as it was actually formed form the exterior of the system, in continuous flow, it synthesizes and expands in the exterior of the energy matter system in continuous flow by ... fusion, fission-mass defect, in the state of radiations ... about 4 mil. t/s One kg of matter = 25· 10 ⁹ kwh.

It all starts from the sub-quantum quantum endowment - with the initial impulse of the matter, protons, neutrons, electrons ... with the two electrostatic charges, plus and minus, which achieve the gravitational attraction - the gravific whirlwind, from where the systems, bodies come, physically, chemically, biologically, in various states, shapes, without which the universe would be a nebula of elementary particles.

The low temperature energy pump installation according to this invention, eliminates the disadvantages described above in the following manner: aiming to mechanically accumulate-obtain the primary energy potential body AU, from the environmental conditions, it is made up of: a compressor-starter, which starts from its own switch-pressure switch the compressor through a pipe fitted with a one-way valve, is connected to a high pressure buffer container, the container is connected to a supersonic injector in the supersonic stage through a pipe fitted with a closing/opening valve, the injector outlet in the subsonic stage is connected through a pipe fitted with a one-way valve back to the high pressure container, the same container is connected to an adjustable pressure switch, with an output connection when using-harnessing the fluidic mix accumulated in continuous flow at high pressure.

Next, we give an example of the invention achievement in relation to the pictures:

— picture 1 a, the general diagram of the energy pump installation, low temperature approach, b, the general diagram of the supersonic injector and the transformations.

— picture 2, the diagram of the comparison between the high temperature technique A, low temperature B .

— picture 3, the diagram-demonstration of the impossibility of a thermal machine working with a source of energy, without energy potential - the Camot-Clausius high temperature approach.

— picture 4, the diagram-demonstration of the possibility of efficient accumulation (h>1) of matter with indirect solar energy form the environmental conditions air ... in the primary energy potential body under pressure - AU, with an energy pump-supersonic injector installation in two stages, the supersonic stage - accumulation, and the subsonic stage - compression, low temperature approach - for the classical transformation into usable mechanical work h < 1 , evolution from the environmental temperature downward.

We will further give an example of the invention achievement in relation to the pictures 1 a and b, which represent the general diagram of the energy pump installation, which works with the low temperature technique - evolution from the environmental temperature downward. The low temperature technique, according to this invention, for the accumulation of the primary energy potential body AU, from the environmental conditions is achieved with a compressor-starter 1 picture 1 a, turned on from its own switch-pressure switch. The compressor compresses atmospheric air ... in the connecting pipe by the one-way valve 2, in the high pressure container 3, at a pressure pi, of about 3-5 at. which is necessary only for the priming-starting of the installation. In order to start up the installation, the valve 4 is opened, which is connected through a pipe to the container 3 and to the supersonic injector 5. In the first supersonic stage the fluid-air ... penetrates with pressure into the nozzle 7, picture 1 b, it makes the detent-high dynamic pressure surge in the direction of the force-forward through the convergent nozzle 8, which communicates laterally permanently and freely in the injector throat with the atmosphere, where the fluid expands for a short period of time through one or more action nozzles 9 - experimentally corresponding nozzles, having the effect of increasing the force on the direction of the force (like the effect on the Pelton turbine bucket) by fine adjustment: distances, diameters, angles, discharges, so that the fluid can flow freely, in order to attain a supersonic speed-detent-high dynamic pressure surge in the direction of the force - the energy formula. The fluid with small section, but: with a dynamic pressure higher than the pressure in the container becomes motor-fluid - the motor of the system. At the same time, the static pressure of the motor fluid decreases under the atmospheric pressure Po, thermal correlation and the second thermal source To is derived - cold source in the system, the reverse way in comparison to the Carnot style - the second principle of thermodynamics. Because of the energy difference that is created, the exterior of the system completes the motor fluid with matter and indirect solar energy air ... (or other corresponding matters). The fluidic mix, with high dynamic pressure, with small section, by fine adjustment (like the ignition on internal burning) penetrates in the second stage - divergent, into the small section of the divergent nozzle 10, at the end of which, the speed turns into pressure, corresponding to the high dynamic pressure at the entrance into the divergent small section, and thus a pressure surge P2 > pi _, higher than the pressure in the container 3, occurs, which pushes-opens the valve 6, penetrates back into the container 3, and the circuit- cycle in continuous flow is thus closed. The following is achieved: efficient accumulation (h>1) the genesis- creation of the primary energy potential body AU - the first principle of thermodynamics, from the exterior of the system, from the environmental conditions at the adjustable operating pressure at the pressure switch 11, in continuous flow of about 5-30...at., for the continuation of the primary accumulation cycle in continuous flow, and at the connection 12, for classical secondary hamessing-transformation h>1 in continuous flow, in the: turbine, piston, reaction... The compressor-starter 1 is turned off from its own pressure switch, over the starting pressure. According to this invention (pictures 1 a and b ), the installation is made up of: a compressor-starter 1 , which compresses atmospheric air through a pipe fitted with a one-way valve 2, which is connected to the container 3, where air is compressed at about 3-5 at. In the supersonic stage, the container 3 is connected through a pipe fitted with a closing-opening valve opening 4 to the supersonic injector 5, which communicates with the supersonic nozzle 7, picture 1 b, which in its turn communicates inside the convergent nozzle 8, which communicates laterally with the atmosphere through the active nozzles 9 and on the same direction of the force with the divergent nozzle 10, which communicates with the valve 6, which is connected back to the container 3, which is connected to the adjustable pressure switch 11, with the connection 12.

The invention has the following advantages:

— the mechanical achievement of this invention, with the low temperature approach, gets rid of the scientific and technical barrier in thermodynamics, from the environmental conditions in systems, primary bodies - from where AU is derived, and it creates-introduces a new state variable - the efficient potential accumulation aep, of the energy matter, from the sub-quantum quantum state to the state of the universe.

— it creates the possibility of the primary accumulation of matter-air... (or another corresponding matter) with indirect solar energy, from the environmental conditions, efficiently (h > 1) of the primary energy potential body A U, by attaining the second thermal source - cold source in the system, the reverse way in comparison to the Carnot’s cycle, for the secondary transformation of the energy potential thus obtained, into usable mechanical work h > 1 , evolution from the environmental temperature downward.

— the accumulation of the primary energy potential body AU is achieved in a small space, in second fractions, irrespective of the time, season, night or day, in an efficient manner, without pollution.

— motosynthesis - the tree of the mechanical life, which works from its own circuit from the energy point of view, similar with the heart of the animal regnum, with close blood circuit, which takes over energy matter from the open digestive circuit - autonomous from the energy point of view - cold food for the mechanical horse power.

— we have refrigerating, calorific efficiency - the potential efficiency is next.