Description

Title of Invention: Thrust Vectoring Multi Exit Nozzle for Thrust Vectoring Ignition Chamber

Engine for Improved Torque and Power Boost

Field of Invention

[01] The present disclosure relates generally to engine which can use petrol, diesel, compressed natural gas etc as fuel.

Background of Invention

[02] In my patent applications numbered 201821027864, 201821027865, 201821027866, 201821027867 and 201821027868 thrust vectoring engine consists of ignition chamber which is a pair of coaxial annular cylinders connected by coaxial rings. Further annular cylinder have a pair of nozzles with one being oppositely bent with respect to other mounted diametrically opposite side in the middle portion of ignition chamber. During fuel suction/compression phase they are sealed and during ignition of fuel they are unsealed so that hot jets of ignited fuel escaping through nozzles cause coupled rotatory motion on the ignition chamber.

[03] In the above mentioned patent application, two types of nozzle have been provided. One is straight conical tube and other is curved conical tube. While the straight conical tube may provide easier passage of hot gas, curved conical tube will help provide higher angular speed to the ignition chamber.

Technical Problem

[04] In my patent applications numbered 201821027864, 201821027865, 201821027866, 201821027867 and 201821027868 each nozzle mounted in the ignition chamber is a single exit nozzle which may not allow power boost beyond certain limit.

[05] In order to increase power boost or torque to be provided by the engine, we can increase the number of nozzles along the circular section from two to three or more but this will not help to spread out the load on the ignition chamber along the longitudinal direction.

[06] In order to spread out load on the ignition chamber along the longitudinal direction we may increase the number of nozzles along longitudinal direction but this may require more number of exit holes in the inner side of the of ignition chamber which will decrease the compression that can be allowed for combustion. Summary of Invention

[07] Nozzle, according to this invention, serves the purpose of providing more number of outer side exit holes spread out longitudinally while keeping the exit hole in the inner side of the ignition chamber limited to one.

[08] Thrust is provided by the different exit holes of the nozzle at different points on the outer annular cylinder and spreads along a longitudinal stretch on the inner annular cylinder via thrust spreader. Thrust provided by different exit holes of the nozzle further spreads out via coaxial rings.

[09] Nozzle, according to this invention, is different in design from the two types of nozzle provided in my aforementioned patent applications.

[10] Nozzle, according to this invention, also has a butterfly valve which can prevent

compressed air-fuel mixture from entering outward part of the nozzle. This valve is special type of lever mechanism to operate the disk inside the valve body. We described four different types of such lever. We have also described flapper valve based system for multi exit nozzle.

[11] Nozzle, according to this invention, can alternatively have pressure relief valve mounted on the inward side exit hole rather than above mention valve.

Brief Description of Drawings

[12] Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 Ignition chamber of thrust vectoring ignition chamber engine with first model of multi exit nozzle with gas exiting valve in open and closed state respectively.

[13] Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 Top and bottom view of first model of multi exit nozzle without thrust spreader.

[14] Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 Ignition chamber of thrust vectoring ignition chamber engine with second model of multi exit nozzle with gas exiting valve in open and closed state respectively.

[15] Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 Top and bottom view of second model of multi exit nozzle without thrust spreader.

[16] Fig. 9 and Fig. 10 Ignition chamber of thrust vectoring ignition chamber engine with third model of multi exit nozzle. [17] Fig. 11 and Fig. 12 Top and bottom view of third model of multi exit nozzle without thrust spreader.

[18] Fig. 13 Ignition chamber of thrust vectoring ignition chamber engine with fourth model of multi exit nozzle.

[19] Fig. 14 and Fig. 15 Top and bottom view of fourth model of multi exit nozzle without thrust spreader.

[20] Fig. 16 Inner view of ignition chamber of thrust vectoring ignition chamber engine with first to fourth multi exit nozzle without thrust spreader and coaxial rings.

[21] Fig. 17 and Fig. 18 Ignition chamber of thrust vectoring ignition chamber engine with fifth model of multi exit nozzle showing back side and front side respectively of flapper valve.

[22] Fig. 19 Inner view of ignition chamber of thrust vectoring ignition chamber engine with fifth multi exit nozzle without thrust spreader and coaxial rings.

[23] Fig. 20, Fig. 2 land Fig. 22 Ignition chamber of thrust vectoring ignition chamber engine with straight nozzle according my previous patent application.

[24] Fig. 23 Ignition chamber of thrust vectoring ignition chamber engine with curved conical nozzle according my previous patent application.

[25] Fig. 24Inner view of Ignition chamber of thrust vectoring ignition chamber engine with curved conical nozzle according my previous patent application.

[26] Fig. 25 Schematic diagram of curved conical tube as nozzle.

Description of Embodiments

[27] Referring to Fig. 1, the preferred embodiment of an ignition chamber of thrust vectoring ignition chamber engine, according to my patent applications numbered 201821027864, 201821027865, 201821027866, 201821027867 and 201821027868 is shown to comprise a pair of coaxial annular cylinders, an inner annular cylinder (ICL1) and an outer annular cylinder (ICL2), connected coaxially via coaxial rings (IR), coupled thrust vectored gas exiting system (NZL) and nozzle seal wherein

inner annular cylinder (ICL1) is coaxially fixedly caped at its front side by ignition chamber seal (ICS), which is a circular disk;

fuel supply system is mounted on rear side of the ignition chamber; [28] Coupled thrust vectored gas exiting system consists of a pair of hand gardening rake tool shaped multi exit nozzles, (NZL1) adjoined with gas exiting valve (GEV1) and (NZL2) adjoined with gas exiting valve (GEV2), mounted like lawn rotating sprinkler nozzle, at diametrically opposite points on the right circular section on the middle part of ignition chamber.

[29] There are five different models of gas exiting valve, with each of first four being butterfly valve with different lever mechanism to put the valve disk in closed and open state wherein all the models have valve body (VB) housing a valve disk;

valve body (VB) which is an annular cylindrical tube mounted transversely perpendicularly on the inner annular cylinder (ICL1) of ignition chamber.

[30] Each nozzle, as shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, consists of distribution junction (DJ), three distributary tubes, namely front distributary tube (FDT), middle distributary tube (MDT) and rear distributary tube (RDT) and thrust spreader (TS) wherein

distribution junction (DJ) is tube with one end being of circular shape and attached coaxially to outward end of valve body of gas exiting valve and other end being shaped like rectangle with semicircular shaped rear and front boundary with length of rectangle little greater than (4/V3) of radius of valve body (VB) and width little greater than ( 1 Nl) of radius of valve body (VB) of gas exiting valve so that surface area of outward end is approximately equal to surface area of inward end;

distribution junction (DJ) has a cap with three holes on its outward end along a line from front to rear side;

middle distributary tube (MDT) is a L-shaped cylindrical tube emanating from middle hole on cap of distribution junction;

front distributary tube (FDT) and rear distributary tube (RDT) are L-shaped tube on outward side and bent towards middle distributary tube on their inward side and emanate from front and rear holes respectively on the cap of distribution junction;

front distributary tube (FDT), middle distributary tube (MDT) and rear distributary tube (RDT) open outside the outer annular cylinder of ignition chamber and face away from the bonnet tube (VBN) of the respective gas exiting valve (GEV);

thrust spreader (TS) is a rectangular slab whose one half is attached to back side three distributary tubes and other half is cut in middle portion such that it can be attached to junction tube and main tube at its inner portion and is attached at its inward edge to the inner annular cylinder (ICL1); surface of the nozzles on the outer side of ignition chamber are cut to take the shape of outer surface of the outer annular cylinder (ICL2) so that (if required according to a model) ignition chamber can glide inside the nozzle seal cylinder smoothly and surface of the nozzles on the inner side of ignition chamber are cut to take the shape of inner surface of the inner annular cylinder (ICL1).

[31] According to the first model, gas exit valve (GEV), as shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, is a butterfly valve operated by a special arrangement consists of a valve body (VBD), bonnet tube (VBN), stem rod (VSR), valve disk (VD), valve coupling gear (VCG) and actuator (ACT) wherein

valve body (VBD), which is an annular cylindrical tube mounted transversely

perpendicularly on the inner annular cylinder (ICL1) of ignition chamber

bonnet tube (VBN), extending from valve body is transversely tangential and fixedly attached to the outer surface of inner annular cylinder (ICL1);

stem rod (VSR), which is a rod attached at one end to the valve disk, extends out of bonnet tube and coaxially attached at other end to a valve coupling gear (VCG) which is a bevel gear;

bonnet tube (VBN) and stem rod is of dimension such that they along with valve coupling gear (VCG) lie inside the spacing between the inner annular cylinder and outer annular cylinder;

actuator (ACT) consists of an actuator rod (ACT1), actuator coupling gear (ACT2) and at other end to a actuator lever (ACT3), a spiral spring (ACT4) and nozzle seal (NSL);

actuator rod (ACT1) is straight cylindrical rod aligned along the radius of the annular cylinder is coaxially attached at one end to actuator coupling gear (ACT2) which is a bevel gear which in turn is meshingly engaged to valve coupling gear (VCG) with an appropriate shaft angle;

actuator rod (ACT1) is free to rotate little more than 90 degree is mounted to the outer annular cylinder (ICL2) via ball bearing and attached to inner end of spiral spring (ACT4) which in turn is attached at its outer end to the outer annular cylinder (ICL2);

actuator lever (ACT3) which is a rectangular slab of length equal to the span of outward part of the nozzle and width equal to half of the span of outward part of the nozzle is attached at its left rear corner to the outward end of the actuator rod (ACT1);

actuator (ACT) is a spring return lever, of length equal to span of the outward exit holes of the nozzle width more than half of and less than the span of the outward exit holes of the nozzle, which when released gets oriented along longitudinal direction of outer annular cylinder (ICL2) and puts the disk of the Gas exit valve (GEV) to a open position and when constrained to orient along transversely tangential direction of the outer annular cylinder (ICL2) by the nozzle seal puts the disk in close position;

nozzle seal (NSL) is a pair of annular cylinder front nozzle seal (NSL1) and rear nozzle seal (NSL2) coaxially mounted on the outer annular cylinder (ICL2) on front and rear side of nozzle respectively;

nozzle seal (NSL1) is flanged at two diametrically opposite points, each making sector angle of 90 degree (can be different according to requirement);

actuator (ACT) is arranged such that it’s motion is restricted to quarter turn and in closed state its one edge grazes the rectangular slab lever constrainer of nozzle seal;

gas exit valve (GEV) functions to seal the nozzle during suction/compression phase and opens its during combustion phase;

[32] According to second model, as shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, gas exiting valve have almost all the parts same as the first model with the variation that actuator lever (ACT3), is a rod of length equal to half the span of outward part of the nozzle and Nozzle seal (NSL), as shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 5, which dynamically puts gas exiting valve (GEV) into closed or open phase, consists of three annular cylinders, namely shutter cavity (SHC), shutter (SH) and shutter stopper (SHS), coaxially mounted on outer side of outer cylinder of ignition chamber near nozzle (NZL) and a push-pull solenoid actuator (SND), wherein

shutter cavity (SHC) is a special type of annular cylinder, whose front portion coaxially holds the outer annular cylinder of ignition chamber (ICL2) with the help of a ball bearing but the rear portion (which is facing nozzle) forms an annular cylindrical cavity with outer annular cylinder of ignition chamber (ICL2) which can house shutter (SH);

shutter (SH) is a set of four adjacent flanged annular sector plates of inner radius equal to that of shutter cavity (SHC) coaxially mounted to the rear portion of the shutter cavity (SHC) such that shutter (SH) can be operated by solenoid actuator (SND) to slide in and out of cylindrical annular cavity on the rear portion of shutter cavity (SHC) to

constrain/release the lever of the gas exiting valve (GEV) respectively;

solenoid actuator (SND) is equipped with a sensor to the location of lever of the gas exiting valve (GEV) so as to push out the annular sector plates of shutter (SH) in appropriate order;

shutter stopper (SHS) is an annular cylinder located on the rear side of nozzles (NZL), which coaxially holds the outer annular cylinder of ignition chamber (ICL2), via one or more coaxial ball bearings and to helps to stop shutter (SH) from sliding away; push-pull actuator (SND) consists of three-four solenoid coils mounted on the outer side shutter cavity (SHC), which operates the shutter (SH) and works to push and pull the shutter (SH) to slide in and slide out of the cylindrical annular cavity on the rear portion of shutter cavity (SHC);

shutter cavity (SHC), and shutter stopper (SHS) are secured to enclosure (ENC) by rectangular slabs.

[33] According to third model, as shown in Fig. 11 and Fig. 12, gas exiting valve have almost all the parts same as the first model with the variation that actuator lever (ACT3), is a ratchet pawl mechanism and nozzle seal (NSL), is a pair of annular cylinder front nozzle seal (NSL1) and rear nozzle seal (NSL2) coaxially mounted on the outer annular cylinder (ICL2) on front and rear side of nozzle respectively wherein

actuator lever (ACT3), consists of a ratchet (VRT) and pawl (VPL) with ratchet being of radius equal to the half the span of outward part of nozzle (NZL), tooth of ratchet appropriately oriented according to the allowed direction of rotation coaxially attached to actuator rod (ACT1) and pawl (VPL) having toothed circular base is journalled at its center to the outer surface of outer annular cylinder (ICL2) via ball bearing at an appropriate distance from ratchet (VRT) along the direction of rotation of outer annular cylinder and tensioned by a spiral spring (ACT5) by attaching its inner end to the pawl and outer end to the outer annular cylinder (ICL2);

front nozzle seal (NSL1) is toothed for small portion at two diametrically opposite points, each toothed portion making sector angle of 5-10 degree (can be different according to requirement);

rear nozzle seal (NSL2) is toothed for small portion at two diametrically opposite points, each toothed portion making sector angle of 5-10 degree (can be different according to requirement) is coaxially mounted on outer annular cylinder at appropriate distance from the rear end of the outward part of the nozzle (NZL);

each toothed portion of rear nozzle seal (NSL2) is at an appropriate angular distance from the toothed portion of front nozzle seal (NSL1) according to the time for which gas exiting valve needs to be at closed state;

rear end of the base of the pawl (VPL) lies rearwardly beyond the rear end of the outward part of the nozzle (NZL) (and hence of the ratchet (VRT)) such that tooth at the base of the pawl (VPL) (and never the tooth of ratchet (VRT)) can get meshingly engaged with tooth of rear nozzle seal (NSL2) at appropriate time of rotation of outer annular cylinder (ICL2). [34] According to fourth model, as shown in Fig. 14 and Fig. 15, gas exiting valve have almost all the parts same as the first model with the variation that actuator lever (ACT3), is a ratchet pawl mechanism and nozzle seal (NSL), is a pair of annular cylinder front nozzle seal (NSL1) and rear nozzle seal (NSL2) coaxially mounted on the outer annular cylinder (ICL2) on front and rear side of nozzle respectively wherein

actuator lever (ACT3), consists of a ratchet (VRT) and pawl (VPL) with ratchet being of radius equal to the half the span of outward part of nozzle (NZL), tooth of ratchet appropriately oriented according to the allowed direction of rotation coaxially attached to actuator rod (ACT1) and pawl (VPL) having toothed circular base is journalled at its center to the outer surface of outer annular cylinder (ICL2) via ball bearing at an appropriate distance from ratchet wheel (VRT) between the ratchet wheel (VRT) and exit holes of the nozzle and tensioned by a helical spring (ACT5) by attaching its one end to the hood of pawl (VPL) and other end to the outer annular cylinder (ICL2);

front nozzle seal (NSL1) is toothed for small portion at two diametrically opposite points, each toothed portion making sector angle of 5-10 degree (can be different according to requirement);

rear nozzle seal (NSL2) is coaxially mounted on outer annular cylinder near the rear end of the outward part of the nozzle (NZL);

front end of the base of the pawl (VPL) lies close to the front nozzle seal such that tooth at the base of the pawl (VPL) can get meshingly engaged with tooth of front nozzle seal (NSL2) at appropriate time of rotation of outer annular cylinder (ICL2) after the ratchet gets rotated by tooth of front nozzle seal (NSL1);

hood of the pawl (VPL) is of appropriate length according to the time for which gas exiting valve needs to remain in closed state.

[35] According to fifth model, as shown in Fig. 17 and Fig. 18, gas exiting valve consists of a set (FV) of three spring loaded curved flapper valves, and a nozzle seal (NSL) wherein

each flapper valve is appropriately oriented and hinged on the outer surface of outer annular cylinder towards the backside of the nozzle near one of nozzle’s exit hole such that it closes along the circle traversed by the exit hole;

nozzle seal (NSL) is same as in second model of gas exiting valve except that annular sector plates of shutter (SH) need not be flanged. [36] In my aforementioned patent applications, two types of nozzle have been provided, namely straight nozzle (SNZL) which is a straight conical tube and curved nozzle (CNZL) which is as curved conical tube.

[37] Straight nozzle (SNZL), as shown in Fig. 20, Fig. 21 and Fig. 22, according to

aforementioned patent applications, is a straight conical tube and is mounted on the ignition chamber making an acute angle with the radial direction.

[38] Curved nozzle (CNZL), as shown in Fig. 23, Fig. 24 and Fig. 25, according to

aforementioned patent applications which is a conical tube which is bent along a circular arc of radius r’ = (0.5)(R - (r ^A 2/R)) and central angle theta = 180 - acos( (R - (r ^A 2/R))/( R + (r ^A 2/R)) ), where R is radius of outer annular cylinder and r is radius of inner annular cylinder, is mounted on the ignition chamber so that nozzle is along the radial direction at it inward end at its joining point with inner annular cylinder and tangential at outward end at it exit point outside the outer annular cylinder.

[39] Flywheel (FW), as shown in Fig. 1, is an externally teethed circular annular gear that functions as output of the engine and is mounted coaxially to the front side extension of outer cylinder of ignition chamber.

[40] According to a variation to above description of multi exit nozzle, L-shaped tube of front distributary tube (FDT), middle distributary tube (MDT) and rear distributary tube (RDT) of thrust vectoring multi exit nozzle (NZL) is curved conical tubes of shape appropriately similar to that of curved conical nozzle as described above so that it outward end at outer surface of outer cylinder (ICL2) of ignition chamber can be closer to tangent of circle described by nozzles.

Nozzle operation

[41] It may be recalled that nozzle (NZL) along with all parts of gas exiting valve (GEV) except nozzle seal (NSL) is attached to ignition chamber (IC).

[42] In case of first model lever (ACT4) which is in the form of rectangular slab is initially oriented along longitude of the ignition chamber. When ignition chamber starts rotating lever comes in contact with flange plate of the front nozzle seal (NSL1) due to which it rotates 90 degree and is constrained to remain in that position till it crosses the flange plate and after which it again comes to original position due to spiral spring attached to its base. When the lever is constrained by flange plate of front nozzle seal it causes gas exiting valve to remain in closed state otherwise the gas exiting valve is in open state.

[43] In case of second model lever (ACT4) which is in the form of rod is initially oriented along longitude of the ignition chamber. When ignition chamber starts rotating and one or more sections of shutter (SH) is pushed towards rear side from the shutter cavity (SHC), lever comes in contact with flange plate of the shutter (SH) due to which it rotates 90 degree and is constrained to remain in that position till it crosses the flange plate or shutter (SH) is pulled back into the annular in the shutter cavity (SHC) and after which it again comes to original position due to spiral spring attached to its base. When the lever is constrained by flange plate of front nozzle seal it causes gas exiting valve to remain in closed state otherwise the gas exiting valve is in open state.

[44] In case of third model lever (ACT4) is in the form of ratchet and pawl mechanism and ratchet wheel is allowed to rotate 90-95 degree. Ratchet (VRT) which is attached to outer annular cylinder (ICL2) of ignition chamber with spiral spring is initially in the released position. Also pawl (VPL) which is free rotate is also attached to outer annular cylinder (ICL2) of ignition chamber with spiral spring (ACT5) is initially in the released position. When ignition chamber starts rotating ratchet wheel (VRT) comes in contact with toothed portion of front nozzle seal (NSL1) due to which ratchet wheel (VRT) rotates 90 degree and is

constrained to remain in that position till toothed circular base of corresponding pawl (VPL) comes in contact with toothed portion of rear nozzle seal (NSL2). When toothed circular base of corresponding pawl (VPL) comes in contact with toothed portion of rear nozzle seal (NSL2), then pawl (VPL) rotates and releases the ratchet wheel (VRT) and ratchet wheel comes back to initial state. Also after base of pawl (VPL) has crossed the said toothed portion it comes back to its initial state due to tension from spiral spring. Duration for which the ratchet wheel is in the rotated state (and therefore in tensioned state), gas exiting valve to remain in closed state otherwise the gas exiting valve is in open state.

[45] In case of fourth model lever (ACT4) is in the form of ratchet and pawl mechanism and ratchet wheel is allowed to rotate 90-95 degree. Ratchet (VRT) which is attached to outer annular cylinder (ICL2) of ignition chamber between ratchet wheel and exposed outward exit holes of the corresponding nozzle. Also pawl (VPL) which is rotatable is attached to outer annular cylinder (ICL2) of ignition chamber with helical spring (ACT5). When ignition chamber starts rotating ratchet wheel (VRT) comes in contact with toothed portion of front nozzle seal (NSL1) due to which ratchet wheel (VRT) rotates 90 degree and is constrained to remain in that position till toothed circular base of corresponding pawl (VPL) comes in contact with toothed portion of front nozzle seal (NSL1). When toothed circular base of corresponding pawl (VPL) comes in contact with toothed portion of front nozzle seal (NSL1), then pawl (VPL) rotates and releases the ratchet wheel (VRT) and ratchet wheel comes back to initial state and also after base of pawl (VPL) has crossed the said toothed portion it comes back to its initial state due to tension from helical spring. Duration for which the ratchet wheel is in the rotated state (and therefore in tensioned state), gas exiting valve remain in closed state otherwise the gas exiting valve is in open state.

[46] In case of fifth model all the flapper valves of the set (FV) which are hinged on to outer surface of the outer annular cylinder (ICL2) are initially open as all the sector plates of shutter (SH) are inside the annular cavity of shutter cavity (SHC). When the ignition chamber rotates and a sector plate of shutter (SH), behind the flapper valve is pushed out of annular cavity, the flapper valve, on coming in contact sector plate, is operated to come in closed state and remains in closed state until it is inside the said sector plate. Once the flapper valve comes out of said sector plate it comes in open state during spring loaded in it.