This invention is related to pumps and motors.

State of the Art

Hydraulic pumps and motors are used in many fields today. There are many types of hydraulic pumps and motors, the most common being gear pumps. State of art pumps and motors are not suitable for use in areas that require high fluid and rotational speed. Because hydraulic pumps and motors overheat at high revs. More precisely, the liquid fluid, which is the power transmission element of pumps and motors, heats up. The main reason for this heating problem is the inconvenient fluid paths of the pumps and motors. Fluid paths with discontinuous cross sections and sharp curves create intense turbulence. Even in some devices such as piston and gear pumps and motors, the fluid is split and then merged. Splitting and merging fluids at high speed would create inefficiencies and losses due to turbulence.

In order to explain more clearly the problematic structure of the state of art pumps and motors, it is necessary to look at the device inlet and outlet fittings. The inefficiencies start with the inlet fittings and continues through outlet. In a standard hydraulic pump, the inlet fitting hydraulic hose diameter of 19 mm decreases to 14mm at the inlet. In other words, the hole size of the hose is 283 mm ² , the hole size of the fittings is 153 mm ² . That means, the cross sections area is halved and therefore partially blocked. Considering that turbulence as a factor of inefficiency in gas state fluids, this problem will grow exponentially in liquid fluids with higher specific gravity. Since turbulence occurs less at low speeds and revolutions, hydraulic pumps and motors cannot find a place at high speed and rotation applications. Objective of the Invention

The objective of this invention is to solve turbulence problem in hydraulic pumps and motors. This invention will provide uninterrupted, linear flow within the device with no discontinuity through the flow channel, as if it flows smoothly through a hose. Then, it makes a large-scale maneuver on its way and leaves the device without any turbulence. The only change in flow path is a transition from a circular fluid hole to a rectangular fluid tunnel when it enters the device. Thus, a high-speed and efficient pump and motor will be possible, and this device can be used in areas that require speed.

Description of Figures

The Turbulence-Free Pump and Motor as described in objective is shown in attached figures.

Figure 1: Side view of the Turbulence-Free Pump and Motor.

Figure 2: Perspective view of the invention.

Figure S: Inside view of the invention with the lid open.

Figure 4: Stator part view. Figure 5: Rotor part view.

Figure 6: Pallet part view.

Figure 7: The inner surface view of the shaft outlet cover.

Figure 8: The inner surface view of the closed cover.

Figure 9: The surface view of the fluid adapter with circular opening. Figure 10: The surface view of the fluid adapter with rectangular opening.

Figure 11: Detailed drawing of the fluid tunnel.

Figure 12: Detailed drawing of closed cover, pallet positioning guide channel.

Figure 13: Single-center application drawing with 180° loading zone.

Figure 14: Four-center application drawing with 120° loading zone. Explanation of References in Figures

1: Upstream inlet-outlet port 2: Downstream inlet-outlet port 3: Rotor 4: Stator 5: Fluid tunnel 6: Pallet

7: Pallet cam bearing

8: Closed cover

9: Shaft outlet cover

10: Pallet positioning guide channel

11: Fluid adapter

12: Fluid guiding port

13: Pallet slot

14: Fluid tunnel stator surface

15: Fluid tunnel rotor surface

16: Rotor main shaft slot

17: Closed cover main shaft slot

18: Shaft output cover main shaft slot

19: Support legs

20: Pallet tail positioning ring

21: Fluid adapter slot

22: Fluid adapter conversion line

23: Fluid adapter rectangular port

24: Fluid adapter circular port

25: Main shaft

26: Fluid tunnel stator edge

27: Fluid tunnel rotor edge

28: Load zone

29: Pallet tip tracking line with elliptical form 30: Load zone boundary 31: Pallet tip

32: Dashed horizontal line

33: Common center of circular drawing and elliptical drawing 36: The unused lower part of the circular line that is the load zone 37: Load zone drawing center

38: Circular drawing center of pallet retraction zone lower section 39: Circular drawing center of pallet retraction zone left section 40: Circular drawing center of pallet retraction zone right section 41: Load zone line

42: Pallet retraction zone lower section

43: Pallet retraction zone left section

44: Pallet retraction zone right section

45: Unused continuation of the load zone drawing line

46: Pallet retraction distance

47: Pallet tail

49: Main shaft slot

50: Pallet retraction zone

51: Units of measurement for scaling purposes

54: Cam bearing shaft slot

Description of the Invention

The invention, titled Turbulence-Free Pump and Motor is a mechanism for converting linear motion into rotational motion and rotational motion into linear motion. Linear motion is produced through the fluids (liquid, air, steam, hot gas, etc.) entering or leaving the device (hereinafter referred to as "Turbulence-Free Pump and Motor", "Device"), and rotational motion is produced over the main shaft (25) of the device.

Description of the working system of the invention:

To operate the invention as a motor, a hose supplying pressurized fluid is connected to the upstream fluid inlet-outlet port (1). The inner diameter of this hose is equal to the diameter of the upstream fluid inlet-outlet port (1). This is important for turbulence- free operation, which is one of the purposes of the invention. After the pressurized fluid enters the device (Figure 2), the first application encountered in the device is the fluid path form transformation application in the fluid adapter (11). The fluid entering the fluid adapter circular port (24) of the fluid adapter (11) moves along the fluid adapter conversion line (22) and exits in a rectangular form from the fluid adapter rectangular port (23), which is the other mouth of the fluid adapter (11). The form of the fluid adapter rectangular port (23) from which the fluid exits is the same as the form of the fluid tunnel (5) inside the device. The area of this rectangle is equal to the area of the fluid adapter circular port (24) and the cross-sectional area of the hose carrying the fluid to the device. The flow path cross-sectional area size remains the same at each step along the fluid adapter conversion line (22) inside the fluid adapter

(11). It is important for the stability of the fluid velocity that this magnitude is always the same throughout the entire path.

The fluid continues its way out of the fluid adapter (11), encounters the fluid guiding port (12) as a second step. The fluid is directed to the right by the fluid guiding port

(12) according to the point of view of the drawing in Figure 11 and enters into the long fluid tunnel (5) where it makes a circular maneuver in the device. From the beginning of this road to the load zone boundary (30), along the tunnel, there are pallets (6) that move outward from the rotor (3). However, the pallets (6) have not yet blocked the road. Pallet tips (31) follow the pallet tip tracking line with elliptical form (29) outward from the rotor (3) and approach the stator (4). The fluid makes a counterclockwise rotation according to the drawing in Figure 11. When the fluid reaches the load zone boundary (30), the pallets (6) close the fluid tunnel (5) at this boundary. In this case, the pressurized fluid presses on the pallets (6) to move forward. The pallets (6) also put pressure on the rotor (3), forcing it to rotate. The fluid, which progresses with the rotation of the rotor (3) and completes its journey in the 180° load zone (28), follows the same steps in reverse order at the inlets and outlets through the mouth next section of the path it enters. The rotor (3) turns the main shaft (25). Thus, we obtain the linear motion of the fluid as the rotational motion from the main shaft (25). This is the motor application of the device. Different applications are made by changing the size of the load zone (28) which is a part of the fluid tunnel (5). In the application with 180° load zones (28) (figure 13), 4 pallets (6) enter the closed position momentarily during rotation. But continuously 3 pallets always stay in the loaded state, doing work by keeping the road closed. In the application with 120° load zone (28) (Figure 14), at least 2 pallets (6) are in the loading position continuously. Various application types can be obtained by changing load zone size (28). Different results are obtained with applications made by changing the number of pallets (6) on the rotor (3).

The mechanism that opens and closes the fluid tunnel (5) with the reciprocating movement of the pallets (6) in the pallet slots (13) on the rotor (3), is the pallet positioning guide channels (10) located on the inner surface of the closed cover (8) and the shaft output cover (9). Some of these channels are the load zone (28), and some of them are the pallet retraction zone (50). Pallet cam bearing (7) on the pallets (6) travel inside these channels and determine the position of the pallets (6). The pallets (6) move smoothly in the pallet slots (13) until they enter the load zone (28). When pallets (6) enter the load zone (28), it becomes difficult for them to move due to the fluid pressure formed on their side surfaces. At this point, the special structure of the pallet positioning guide channel (10) as an anchor for the pallets (6) and restricts motion. After leaving the load zone (28), the pallets (6) are back into motion.

Two different versions of the pallet positioning guide channel (10) are shown in drawings. First drawing is the application with 180° load zone (28), as shown in Figure 13. Figure 13 shows the load zone (28) as 180° and is a circular line concentric with the main shaft (25). The other 180° pallet retraction zone (50) on the side of the fluid guiding port (12) is in elliptical form and concentric with the main shaft (25). The second version is the 4-center drawing described in figure 14. In the 4-center version, the length of the load zone (28) can be adjusted to the desired extent. The example shown in Figure 14 is the application drawing with 120° load zone (28). In this drawing, only the center (37) of the load zone (28) is at the center of the main shaft (25). The centers (38, 39, 40) of the other three parts (42, 43, 44) of this oval circle drawing, which consists of four separate circle segments, are at different points. An external motor generating rotational motion is connected to the main shaft (25) to operate the device as a pump. Since the device can operate in two different directions of rotation as a motor or a pump, one port of the device will be vacuum and the other will be compression. Pressure increase will be obtained in between inlet-outlet connection port (1,2) by means of the pallets (6) inside the device. With this pump application of the device, the rotational motion of the motor applied to the main shaft (25) is converted into linear motion over the fluid.

In addition, the device can be used as a steam turbine, hydraulic turbine, hot gas turbine. For this, without a fluid adapter (11), the inlets can be directly connected to the device in a suitable form to its fluid tunnel.

Important features of the invention

A. Rectangular fluid tunnel (5): The most important feature of the invention is the fluid tunnel (5). The fluid tunnel (5), unlike state of art pumps and motors; It is a rectangular fluid tunnel (5), which has a linear path and remains between the stator (4), rotor (3) and two covers (8,9), without making expansion, contraction and hard turns. The cross-sectional area remains constant in each phase of the fluid tunnel from inlet to outlet. After the fluid enters the device, it always proceeds at the same speed and reaches the exit by making a circular tour. In a way, it enters and exits the device as if traveling in a hose or pipe through which it passes. The only change is that if the fluid comes to the device with a circular perforated carrier, it undergoes a smooth form transformation in the fluid adapter (11) in order to transition into the rectangular fluid tunnel (5) in the device without turbulence.

B. Pallet positioning guide channel (10): One part of the fluid tunnel (5) is the load zone (28), and the other part is the pallet retraction zone (50). When the pallets (6) enter the load zone (28), they complete their outward movement from the rotor (3) to the stator (4). In the load zone (28) the pallet tips (31) are in contact position with the stator (4). Until the pallets (6) pass the load zone (28), they close the fluid tunnel (5) and remain motionless. After leaving the load zone (28), the mechanism that positions the pallets (6) starts to retract the pallets (6) into the rotor (3). The pallets (6) remaining inside the rotor (3) while the fluid passes the fluid guiding port (12) begin to protrude outward again after the passage. It is an important feature of the invention that the fluid tunnel (5) is divided into two as the load zone (28) and the pallet retraction zone (50). Thanks to this feature, the movement of the pallets (6) in the pallet slots (13) takes place without friction. The reciprocating movement is completed in the region where fluid pressure does not occur on the side surfaces of the pallet (6). In the region where the pallets (6) close the fluid tunnel (5), the mechanism fixes the pallets (6) as soon as the fluid pressure starts. This sectional operation, in which the pallets (6) stop at the load zone (28) and move again after passing through this area, is an important feature of the invention. It is the two elements of the mechanism that make the pallet (6) move and stops. One of them is the pallet positioning guide channels (10) on the inner surface of the closed cover (8) and the shaft output cover (9), and the other is the pallet cam bearings (7). With the rotation of the rotor (3), the pallet cam bearings (7) inside the pallet positioning guide channel (10) move and position the pallets (6).

C. Pallet cam bearings (7): Pallet cam bearings (7) are attached to the cam bearing shaft slot (54) on both sides of the pallets (6). It is important for a balanced grip that the pallet cam bearings (7) are on both sides. These pallet cam bearings (7) enter the pallet positioning guide channels (10) in the closed cover (8) and the shaft output cover (9), where they move frictionlessly, while also performing the reciprocating movement of the pallets (6).

D. Fluid guiding port (12): The fluid guided by the fluid guiding port (12) enters the fluid tunnel (5). When the fluid completes its journey in the fluid tunnel (5), it is again directed to the outlet by the fluid guiding port (12). While the special form of the fluid guiding port (12) does not allow the fluid to return a second time in the fluid tunnel (5), it retracts the pallets (6) into the rotor (3) and sends them back to the fluid tunnel (5).

E. Fluid adapters (11): The claim of the device subject to the invention is to provide a turbulence-free flow. Therefore, while the fluid coming to the device from a circular hole with a hose or pipe is sent to the fluid tunnel (5), which is a rectangular hole in the device, the fluid adapter (11) transforms the fluid from one form to another in a controlled manner. The fluid adapter (11), one of its mouths in a circular form and the other in a rectangular form, transforms the form of the fluid with a smooth transition, while ensuring the continuity of the flow without changing its velocity. Just as the area size of both mouths of the fluid adapter (11) is the same, the cross-sectional area size at each stage along the fluid adapter conversion line (22) in the fluid adapter (11) remains the same.

F. Ellipse-shaped application: There are two different drawings of the pallet positioning guide channel (10) on the inner surface of the closed cover (8) and the shaft output cover (9). In one of these applications, the elliptical form and the 180° load zone (28) application (Figure 13), the pallet retraction zone (50) is in elliptical form, and the load zone (28) is in circular form. The centers (33) of both drawings are at the same point and at the center of the main shaft (25). Both regions have 180° turns. The short radius direction of the ellipse plot is on the fluid guiding port (12) side.

G. Application with four-center oval-circle design (fig. 14): In applications where the load zone (28) in the fluid tunnel (5) is kept smaller than 180°, an oval consisting of four separate circle segments (41,42,43,44) drawn using four different drawing centers (37,38,39,40) is used. To provide continuity through each other, it is important that the selected drawing centers are at the intersections of the horizontal, vertical and angle lines. Only the load zone line (41) drawing center (37) is also at the drawing center of the main shaft (25). The drawing centers (38,39,40) of the three circles (42,43,44) in the pallet retraction zone (50) are at different points as shown in Figure 14.

H. Pallet tail positioning ring (20): Two pallet tail positioning rings (20) are used to prevent the pallets tails (47) from moving out of the pallet slot (13) in the axial direction relative to the rotor (3).

I. Fluid adapter slots (21): On the stator (4), near the fluid inlet-outlet ports (1,2), there are fluid adapter slots (21) compatible with the outer form of the fluid adapters (11). In the direction of the fluid inlet-outlet ports (1,2) of the fluid adapter slot (21) the circular inlet is concentric with the fluid adapter circular port (24) of the fluid adapter (11). On the other side, there is a similar rectangular port concentric with the rectangular fluid tunnel (5) form of the device.

J. Cam bearing shaft slot (54): In order to assemble the pallet cam bearings (7) to the pallets (6), the middle section of the pallets (6) have a circular shape, and the cam bearing shaft slot (54) are created in the middle of this section on both sides.

Industrial Application of the Invention

Turbulence-Free Pump and Motor is suitable for use in all areas where pumps and motors are used.