ULTRA- SUPER SOLAR ABSORBER ELEMENT TECHNOLOGIES

SPECIFICATION

Field of the Invention

The invention relates to an ultra-super solar absorber element which can be used to implement an ultra-super solar absorber technology. More particularly, the invention relates to an ultra-super solar absorber element which can be used as a cladding for wall surfaces, in particular for solar-active heat-collecting energy facades and solar roof absorber technologies, freestanding walls, noise

barrier/privacy protecting/safety walls, large solar energy power plants, decentralized small solar energy plants.

Background of the Invention

In order to achieve a good heat-cold insulation effect, in particular facade surfaces are usually equipped with a legally prescribed, non-economical insulation layer, in conventional manner. The insulation layer consists of a material exhibiting low heat conductivity, in particular of a foam of various fire classes, or of mineral wool. Thermal barrier coatings may in fact achieve high passive thermal insulation. At the same time, however, thermal barrier coatings reduce the cost-effective and environmentally friendly high heat input into the building that could be possible due to solar irradiation.

The Isomax/Terrasol® technologies patent document

EP 1 062 463 B1 (inventor: physicist Dipl.-Ing. Edmond Dominique Krecke) , by contrast, contemplates to provide the outer skin of a building with one or two and/or a plurality of thermal barriers/layers of fluid-carrying conduits. This makes it possible to use an underground cold reservoir in summer, for cooling in environmentally friendly manner, and to use an underground heat reservoir for heating,

especially in winter, and to recharge it with the solar energy introduced into the facades, while exploiting the near-surface existing gigantic endless geothermal energy.

In winter, this thermal energy can be used to achieve an almost uniform climate in the building throughout the year, through the temperature barriers. With the underground cold reservoir around the building, the building is cooled in summer through the one or more temperature barriers .

This technology makes it in particular possible to avoid large non-economical , space-consuming thicknesses of insulation material, and with little effort it is possible to provide a building which is extremely cost-effective and environmentally friendly, designed as a passive house, zero-energy house, or even as a plus-energy house.

Already in 1956, the inventor participated in the planning and construction of the then new capital of Brazil,

Brasilia, and implemented even plans that where fictive at that time: inter alia junction-free traffic routes,

residential buildings on "pilotis" (pillars) for optimal air circulation in the city with free shady ground floors. The inventor was honored for his merits in this regard by Dr. Ing. Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira, the then

president of Brazil (government information brochure 1955 "Historia de Brasilia" ). The Isomax® low-energy buildings and the internationally renowned Terrasol® zero-energy buildings with an energy requirement of less than 3 kWh/m ² /a have become lighthouses for today's economical and environmentally friendly solutions.

Object of the Invention

Starting from the prior art described above, the present invention is based on the object to further improve or even avoid the currently still required thermal insulation in a simple, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly way, and/or to provide improved absorption of sunlight for the required exploitable solar heat for air conditioning of buildings and/or other benefits.

Summary of the Invention

The object of the invention is already achieved by a solar absorber element according to claim 1, hereinafter and in the claims referred to as ultra-super solar absorber element, and by a wall or roof surface comprising at least one solar absorber element or ultra-super solar absorber element, and by a heat exchanger.

Preferred embodiments and further refinements of the invention will be apparent from the subject-matter of the dependent claims, the description, and the drawings. The invention is based on decades of international

scientific research by the inventor and on the development of various new building technologies in all climate zones since 1956, and the planning and construction of Brazil - under Oscar Niemeyer.

The invention permits to provide a transparent ultra-super solar absorber element with significant thermal insulation, if required, and with optimal cost-effective heat gain from sunlight for facades of old and new buildings, as well as for walls, acoustic/noise barrier walls, privacy protection walls, in particular for railway lines, highways, and roads as well as border walls.

The invention relates to an ultra-super solar absorber element for walls, in particular masonry walls,

acoustic/noise barrier walls, privacy protection walls, and/or roof surfaces. In particular, it is a panel-like element, preferably of rectangular shape, which can be mounted in free-standing manner or can else be mounted on a facade, roof surface, or on foundations. The mounting may be achieved by gluing, screwing, and/or doweling, for example .

The ultra-super solar absorber element comprises an outer panel which is transparent at least in sections thereof.

The term outer panel refers to that side of the ultra-super solar absorber element which is arranged on the side of the ultra-super solar absorber element facing away from the wall when the ultra-super solar absorber element is used as intended . The outer panel is provided with a light-focusing and/or light-deflecting structure, in particular a loupe-/triplet- /burning glass- and/or converging lens-type structure.

With such a structure featuring the optimal energy- efficient shapes and sizes as necessary for the climatic differences of the different regions, a maximum number of solar hours per year is achieved.

The outer collecting panel featuring such structure can be connected to a heat exchanger, through optional spacers, in particular to a plate heat exchanger, also for high

temperatures. In this way, a perfect and optimal energy effect is achieved.

Furthermore it is possible that, as needed, instead of or in addition to the heat exchanger of the ultra-super solar absorber elements, an inner panel is disposed on the wall side when used as intended, and that a core is provided which is disposed between the inner and outer panels, in particular a honeycomb core, which is preferably thicker than the inner and/or outer panels.

The core comprises a hollow structure, which is configured in particular in the form of light-transmissive tubes extending from the outer panel to the inner panel.

The tubes in particular have a honeycomb-like shape, where honeycombs in the sense of the invention do not only refer to hexagonal interlocking structures, but e.g. also to other tubes of circular, rectangular, and triangular shape, inter alia.

The light-focusing or light-deflecting structure provides for multiple reflection in the core, especially in the honeycomb core, for example, whereby a large part of the light is converted into exploitable heat energy.

According to another embodiment, light guides extending parallel to the surface are also possible, in addition to the ultra-super solar absorber element tubes extending perpendicular to the surface.

The core may in particular be configured as a honeycomb panel or as a capillary panel.

According to one embodiment, the core is made of a

transparent material. However, according to another

embodiment it is also possible to make the core of another material, for example of cellulose cardboard or of waste paper. Furthermore, the core may include, for example, resin impregnated paper, fiber composites, and/or

reflective metal, in particular fire-retardant aluminum, or metal-coated plastic material. Polycarbonate,

polypropylene, and/or an aramid are in particular suitable as a plastic material for the core.

Furthermore, an air gap may be provided between the core and the outer panel for a possibly necessary shade

providing device. The light-focusing and/or light-collecting and/or

deflecting structure may in particular comprise an array of prisms, triplets, loupes, burning glasses, and/or else lenses, in particular triplet prisms, so-called

catadioptric or triplet mirrors.

This is in particular a regular pattern which is, for example, embossed into or applied onto the front panel of the ultra-super solar absorber element.

A light-collecting structure may in particular be focused onto another panel. In one embodiment of the invention, the further panel is configured as a heat exchanger, in

particular a plate heat exchanger.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the prisms, mirrors, or lenses are arranged so as to be tilted relative to the panel plane of the outer panel.

This means that in particular an optical axis of the structure is not exactly perpendicular to the main

extension direction of the panel, but rather is tilted by an angle, in particular by an angle of at least 5°, preferably at least 10° or more.

This makes it possible to provide an ultra-super solar absorber element which exhibits improved energy absorption efficiency and/or injection efficiency at low sun position compared to higher sun position. Thus, especially in temperate climatic regions, in periods with a long low- lying sun, for example in winter, the sunlight is absorbed with improved high efficiency, so that a maximum, higher energy input is achieved.

It is furthermore possible to tilt the optical axis of the structure of different elements differently on the panel.

In particular, it may be contemplated that, line-wise, the optical axis of the elements is aligned differently to the optical axis of the elements of another line. In this way, depending on the position of the sun, light can be

optimally captured via at least one line of optical elements that is optimized for the respective current position of the sun.

In one embodiment of the invention, the ultra-super solar absorber element is mirrored at its edges. Such a mirroring can in particular be provided by a circumferential metal strip. In particular if a transparent core is provided, it is thus possible for the light to be reflected back from the edges and to be ultimately at least partially converted into economically exploitable and environmentally friendly heat .

At least the outer panel, preferably also the inner panel of the ultra-super solar absorber element may consist of glass or acrylic.

A panel that is used as a core and which comprises tubes, especially honeycombs, may for example be produced by heating a plastic panel so that it begins to melt. Then, a tool with a structured surface can be used to draw the plastic panel so as to form a panel comprising tubes, which is used as a core. In this manner, even a large element can be provided inexpensively, compared to a fabrication by injection molding.

The inner panel or wall/masonry wall may be light

absorbing, for example dark, in particular black.

However, it is likewise possible to make the inner panel transparent, in which case, preferably, the facade, wall/masonry wall, or the rear panel on which the ultra- super solar absorber element is applied, is dark colored, especially black.

The invention allows sunlight to be irradiated with additional reflection through the transparent areas, which implies time-delayed heat emission inwards.

The ultra-super solar absorber elements may as well be designed in multiple colors and can provide energy/heat gains both in the case of facades of new buildings and refurbishment of old buildings and in other ways.

It is also conceivable to form the ultra-super solar absorber elements with a curved shape to allow for curved structures .

Preferably, an ultra-super solar absorber element has a thickness between 2.5 and 20.0 cm. The ultra-super solar absorber elements according to the invention can be used universally. Even freestanding ultra-super solar absorber elements with horizontally and/or vertically perforated - and thus interconnecting - highly efficient metal

honeycombs from 5 cm to 20 cm, depending on the height and location, are feasible for heat generation and heat input into the various possible storages. Also conceivable are in particular transparent and partially opaque absorber elements, for example for bathrooms or security areas.

Furthermore, use thereof for decorative or bulletproof glass is conceivable. For example, the ultra-super solar absorber element may as well be part of a display. In particular hologram effects and integrated light or

advertising stripes are possible.

Furthermore, the inventive ultra-super solar absorber element can be equipped with a floodlight in the outer panel and/or with a circumferential LED light ribbon.

Also, the ultra-super solar absorber element itself may include light sources between the panels.

The ultra-super solar absorber element is in particular used for a wall or roof surface. Applications for masonry walls, protection devices with advertising or hints etc. are conceivable as well.

The wall or roof surface is in particular part of a

building, and below the ultra-super solar absorber elements there are fluid conduits or gaps in the honeycomb

structures which are connected to a thermal energy storage or geothermal storage. In this way it is in particular possible to improve the efficiency of the temperature barrier layer or layers.

Use thereof for generating warm/hot water is also envisaged according to a further embodiment of the invention.

Sunlight absorption can be controlled through the diameter of the tubes, various widths of the gaps, depending on the position of the sun, angle of incidence, and solar

absorption efficiency.

The tubes in particular have a diameter from 0.8 to 18 mm, preferably 1 to 25 mm, and in mats of in particular thin metallic capillary tubes from 1.0 to 5.0 mm.

The core is therefore in particular configured as a

capillary tube mat or as a water-carrying honeycomb

element .

The inventive ultra-super solar absorber elements can also be used for producing warm water or even hot water.

It is also possible that the tubes themselves are filled with a liquid for heat transport.

The tube-comprising core, in particular the honeycomb core, permits to warm up a dark surface of the wall unhamperedly .

Furthermore, at least the core, in particular the honeycomb core, may be provided with an inert gas filling, for example krypton, in order to provide a so-called super-warm glass .

Depending on the compass direction and the position of the sun, a k-value of less than 0.1 W/m ² K can be achieved, taking into account the energy introduced by the sunlight. It is even possible to obtain outer walls with less than 0.05 W/m ² K.

The ultra-super solar absorber element can also be provided as a fire-retardant or even fire-resistant element when inorganic materials such as glass and metal are used.

In one embodiment of the invention, the surface of the outer panel is implemented so as to be hydrophobic. In particular, the surface of the outer panel is provided with a coating. A hydrophobic implementation is understood to mean a surface on which demineralized water makes a contact angle greater than 90°, more preferably greater than 120°, and most preferably greater than 150°.

In particular a nanoscale coating, for example a sol-gel coating, can be used as the hydrophobic coating. Water drops roll off due to the so-called "lotus effect".

It has been found that at about 80 % absorption,

temperatures of 40 to 60 °C can be achieved by the ultra- super solar absorber elements according to the invention for air conditioning of buildings. With significantly higher temperatures from +180 °C to more than +350 °C, large solar power plants and also

decentralized small solar power plants can enable cost- effective and environmentally friendly operation.

Energy obtained by the ultra-super solar absorber element technologies may be transmitted over long distances, e.g. with a laser.

The ultra-super solar absorber element technologies can be used to warm up underground thermal energy storages, in particular with the additional use of near-surface

geothermal energy, for example in disused collieries, pits, and mines.

In one embodiment of the invention, the ultra-super solar absorber element comprises metal tube mats, in particular made of copper or stainless steel or aluminum honeycombs. These mats may be filled, for example, with an antifreeze agent and may serve to directly discharge heat from the ultra-super solar absorber element. For example, the metal tube mats or aluminum honeycombs may be part of the inner panel or of a panel adjoining the inner panel.

Improved absorption of sunlight and simultaneously

conversion into highly efficient, environmentally friendly and cost-effective, gigantic and endless solar heat may be provided by seasonal automatic tracking of the anterior triple/loupe panel and/or by an externally mounted

additional focusing of a central lens bar. Diffuse sunlight can be converted into heat and stored even in the dead of winter.

The system according to the invention is by far the most cost-effective, environmentally friendly, energy-efficient, architecture-friendly facade and/or masonry wall element or wall element for energy production.

Furthermore, filling of the core, in particular honeycomb core, with an aerogel or with a filling of latent heat storage materials is possible as well.

Finally, it is also conceivable to provide the ultra-super solar absorber element, in particular the light-focusing and/or light-deflecting structure of the prisms, by a printing process, in particular by screen printing or by 3D printing .

The ultra-super solar absorber elements according to the invention can be used in cost-effective and environmentally friendly manner in particular for walls made of Bio-Por- Beton®, a lightweight concrete to which organic

constituents are added.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the ultra-super solar absorber elements are fabricated as injection-molded elements from a polymer, in particular acrylic glass or cast glass, preferably with an edge length from 2 cm to 100 cm. In particular, these may be converging lenses. In this way, particularly cost-efficient

fabrication is ensured. All lens/loupe elements can be convex and/or concave.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the ultra-super solar absorber element and/or the light

collecting elements themselves are configured so as to be tiltable. In this way they can follow the position of the sun, especially automatically. By an "inclined position" (tilted position) it is in particular possible to

significantly optimize energy input and thus solar absorber efficiency, by automatically tracking the respective position of the sun over the day/year.

In order for the ultra-super solar absorber element to be tiltable, it may be mounted in a stand in

pivotable/tiltable manner, in particular in a frame

comprising a plurality of stands, preferably made of metal.

The invention allows to exploit solar thermal energy as a low-cost energy source with a multiplicity of possible uses, which has hitherto rather been neglected in politics.

Significant, efficient, economical, and absolutely

environmentally friendly optimal future energy technologies based on terrestrial and extraterrestrial astrophysical alternative energies will save a lot of energy for our planet, compared to today's still numerous laborious, lengthy, and partly non-economical "quantum leaps".

The invention can in particular be used as a bridge

technology until it is possible to use the energy of neutrinos as an extra-terrestrial energy source. However, to provide such energies for terrestrial use will still take the time of many generations and cost many billions of euros.

Until then, the ultra-super solar absorber element

technologies of the invention can be used.

The technology of the invention is the significant

pioneering and optimal quantum leap to extra-terrestrial gigantic energy sources of very high energy of about 290 teraelectronvolts of high-energy neutrinos from the depths of the universe.

Already around 1963/1965 scientific, albeit at that time still utopian expert discussions took place, inter alia with the astrophysicist Stephen Hawking, professor at the University of Cambridge.

After the phase of oscillation, the centripetal forces in quasars possibly combine, rendering the neutron star too heavy for the space-time surrounding it, under branching off of a fraction of the electromagnetic energy.

In a distant galaxy at a distance of about 4 billion light- years from the earth, the origin of the neutrinos was now confirmed .

Neutrinos travel billions of light-years through the universe, full of energy, and penetrate galaxies, stars, and planets almost without a trace. Just recently, the world's largest particle detector, the "IceCube Neutrino Observatory" at the South Pole, which costs about 250 million euros, succeeded in proving the existence of the neutrinos. On September 22, 2017,

neutrinos were detected directly from the "radiation cannon" of a supernova.

It is estimated that approximately 60 to 100 billion neutrinos per square centimeter per second crackle down on earth with their enormous energy.

Only recently, the existence of the neutrinos was confirmed scientifically, by the research project "IceCube", by way of a "supernova" 4 billion light-years away from Earth.

It may still require generations of research & development, costing many millions of euros, to bundle these incredibly high energy radiations from the universe for our planet to be able to use it in an cost-effective, environmentally friendly way.

The ultra-super solar absorber element is a possible forerunner of coming, today still fictitious technologies, also from the universe, it does not need useless non- economical and space-consuming legally prescribed high thermal insulation anymore, such as, i.a., Styrofoam or mineral wool, but only the first temperature barrier of 3 cm insulating basic plaster to the second temperature barrier on the outer skin of buildings and the ultra-super solar absorber elements on the sunny sides of the building. The ultra-super solar absorber elements are also suitable as an insulation, both for new buildings and for existing buildings .

Sunlight can be absorbed without photocells that are manufactured in a very energy-consuming way. The generated heat can be used for heating and for hot water generation.

Also, the harvested energy can be used for cooling, e.g. by operating an absorption chiller.

The ultra-super solar absorber elements of the invention may, for example, also be used for walls and masonry walls on borders, especially on border protection walls, roads, for the bundling of beams and for laser application, etc.

The achievable high temperatures open up new application possibilities in which the energy can also be used to operate machinery and equipment. The sunlight can be easily converted into energy, which is usable until the sun dies out .

Based on the inventor's many years of research and

development, the Solar-Forschungshaus I, built in 1987 in Luxembourg, Schouweiler, paced the way to the construction of low-energy buildings and for translucent thermal insulation .

In 1987, the usable energy production of the translucent thermal insulation was around 120 kWh/m ² per year for the south facade and max. 40 kWh/m ² per year for the northern facade .

The ultra-super solar absorber elements of the invention enable to achieve significantly higher energy gains.

In particular, they have the following advantages:

• large thicknesses of insulation material can be dispensed with;

• significant thermal insulation with optimum cost- effective heat gain;

• improved high absorption of sunlight, conversion into solar heat;

• surplus heat can be conducted into underground storages via one or two temperature barriers;

• the multiple catadioptric effect of the aluminum

honeycombs converts light into heat;

• the hydrophobic glass or acryl absorber panel with a loupe-like structure;

• the endless gigantic sunlight is stored in the form of exploitable solar heat;

• in combination with a passive or active ventilation technology, the cost-effective, environmentally and architecturally friendly ultra-super solar absorber element can be a "quantum leap" in significant cost- effective, environmentally friendly air conditioning.

Ultra-super solar absorber elements with the front side light-focusing panel and with a 40 mm or more fire- resistant honeycomb element made of stainless steel or aluminum are capable of achieving significant improvement, if necessary optimum, improved, more cost-effective thermal insulation than the previously known translucent thermal insulation .

When utilizing ultra-super solar absorber technologies (even when only minimal triplet glass efficiencies are used) and two temperature barriers (especially both

separated by 2 to 3 cm of fiber-reinforced insulating primer coat plaster) on the outer skin of buildings, the hitherto legally prescribed non-economical , space

consuming, enormous insulation thicknesses of up to

impossible 65 cm, inter alia made of flammable styrofoam, mineral wool etc., will be dispensed with in the future.

Two temperature barriers of a building can replace the previous thermal insulations of the outer skin of

buildings, by the physical effect of temperature from the natural cold reservoir plus gains, with up to max. +17 °C for the second temperature barrier, and the warm reservoir plus gain and the gain from geothermal energy, with max.

+24 °C for the first temperature barrier.

Moreover, supply air from the heat reservoir per room is made possible with an optional temporarily usable,

integrated, thermostatically controlled hot air register, e.g. of about 200 watts.

One square meter may be equipped with about 10,000 light collecting elements (e.g. 10 mm in diameter) . The horizontal light-collecting elements will successively and efficiently absorb the solar beams over 8 to 10 possible hours of sunlight.

The technologies according to the invention of the ultra- super solar absorber elements will find application not only for decentralized small solar power plants (a la Desertec) , but will also bring economic, environmentally friendly, and significant environmental improvements to the people of all climatic regions.

The elements serve to modernize the outdated, partly inhumane infrastructures of large cities with their known huge environmental problems, i.a. air pollution, traffic problems, safety and security, etc.

In the planning of future settlements and large cities, the inventive technologies of the ultra-super solar absorber elements will find application inter alia in the

infrastructure, such as in hot/cold air supply

networks/pipelines, as well as in hot/cold water supply, in the modern building technologies with the world-wide proven Isomax® - Terrasol® building temperature barrier

technologies, and in decentralized small solar power plants .

The invention furthermore relates to a system for air conditioning of buildings, in particular using an ultra- super solar absorber element as described above. According to the invention, the system comprises a solar absorber, in particular an ultra-super solar absorber element, which is connected to light-conducting fibers through which the light is fed into a heat storage in which it is absorbed and converted into heat.

The absorption of solar energy and conversion to

temperatures of more than +70 °C for industrial use is thus easily possible.

For storage purposes, for example in pits/mines, the solar energy thus obtained may be routed, via glass fiber bundles of hundreds or even thousands of fiber strands, from the absorber point on the earth's surface down to the brine of the underground storages.

The glass fiber bundles may be laid within protective tubes. The underground storage may contain brine, for example .

Lenses may be provided at the lower ends of the glass fibers, in particular lenses of a diameter from 10 mm to 12 mm. However, such lenses will only be provided in locations where there is no risk of fire in the underground heat storage. Therefore, the use of converging lenses at the end of the glass fibers will be dispensed with in former coal seams in which coal remains are still existing.

The glass fibers, distributed over the underground heat storage, especially the brine, will transfer the extremely high temperatures to the gigantic storage mass of the pits in depths of 800 meters and more.

Due to the enormous storage mass and the possible higher temperatures, solar feed-in hours of about 6 to 8 hours per day are sufficient to load the underground heat storage.

In order to avoid damage caused by overheating, inter alia of the glass fiber, thermostat regulators may be provided at the level of the underground heat storage.

Instead of the conventional tracking of the sun at the upper absorber point of the fiber optic bundles, it is also possible to provide a single lens which injects light into the light-conducting fibers in a focused manner.

A long time ago, many generations of millions of our ancestors have sacrificed their health or even their lives in mines, pits, and collieries, for their meager

subsistence. Thousands of people have loosed their lives worldwide each year in hard and dangerous underground mining at depths up to 3, 900 meters and high temperatures up to +65 °C.

With the invention, the now abandoned pits, which were used in particular for coal mining, can be used as an ideal energy storage.

What was overlooked in the totally unprofitable coal mining is that our ancestors have created gigantic underground storages worldwide, for centuries, and probably

unconsciously.

These storages in the created depths are heated up by sunlight, via fiber optic cables that are provided with small loupes.

The fiber optic cables can be laid through the still existing conduits formerly intended for ventilation, and electric power, waste and fresh water to the numerous "longwall" cavities of the mine. Households and industry will be supplied with heat energy in an almost unlimited manner using heat exchangers in the supply and return lines. Industrially useful temperatures that can be used by humanity will be reached worldwide in a highly energy- efficient, environmentally friendly and economical manner.

Profitability or primary and operating costs outperform the market prices by far.

The invention allows to solve many problems in a

synergistic way.

Germany and most countries in Europe are at the end of a pointless coal mining policy.

What is remaining are abandoned mines with all their incalculable problems.

Mine dumps spoil the landscape and consume space which is urgently needed for housing construction. After reuse of the mines as an underground heat storage, the existing mine dumps may be used for filling the mines. Gigantic economically unreasonable mining damage can be largely avoided in this way.

Lifelong extensive and costly monitoring and maintenance of the mines will no longer be required. Ongoing disputes between politicians and citizens are avoided, as well as the high ongoing annual costs for expert opinions and other evaluations of standing still collieries.

Otherwise, in many cases the old pits currently merely constitute useless and expensive alleged "monuments" of past times.

The so-called monuments provided for at the highest

political level means a passing on of gigantic costs for the disposal of the current industrial wastelands to the next generations and this benefits only local politicians and burdens taxpayers .

Humanity does not need hundreds of costly, useless mine monuments .

The invention enables the fastest possible and rapid complete disposal of the old industrial wastelands and a renaturation into local recreation areas, creation of needed building sites with permanent, extremely economical and environmentally friendly energy supply. A single monument, such as a mining museum, is sufficient in Germany for documenting the past.

People need a future of flourishing landscapes and no poison-contaminated lake district in the Ruhr area with thousands of tons of highly dangerous toxins stored in the mines with the approval of the current decision-makers.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The subject-matter of the invention will now be discussed in more detail with reference to the drawings of FIGS. 1 to 10, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an exemplary embodiment of an ultra-super solar absorber element

according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is a detail view;

FIG. 3 is a perspective, partly broken away view of an ultra-super solar absorber element mounted to a wall ;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the ultra-super solar

absorber element mounted to a wall;

FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of a building that has its wall and/or roof surfaces equipped with the ultra-super solar absorber elements

according to the invention;

FIG. 6 shows a honeycomb panel;

FIGS. 7a 7c show a heat exchanger as it may be part of an ultra-super solar absorber element according to the invention; FIG. 8 is a schematic side view showing how the heat exchanger illustrated in FIGS. 7a to 7c is part of an ultra-super solar absorber element

according to the invention, also for high temperatures ;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing an ultra-super solar absorber element with tiltable converging lenses ;

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a heat generation system according to the invention.

Detailed Description of the Drawings

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an ultra-super solar absorber element 1 according to the invention.

In this view, only the transparent outer panel 2 of the ultra-super solar absorber element or solar absorber element 1 can be seen, which is in particular made of acrylic or of glass.

It is easy to see that the transparent outer panel 2 has a pattern consisting of a multitude of triplet prisms 3 in this exemplary embodiment. The triplet prisms 3 are

distributed throughout the outer panel 2 according to the principle of hexagonal closest packing.

The triplet prisms focus incident light into the underlying tubes of a core. FIG. 2 is a detailed perspective view of a portion

including triplet prisms 3 of the outer panel 2.

It can be seen that the triplet prisms 3 are arranged so as to be tilted relative to the surface of the outer panel 2.

When installed, the triplet prisms 3 can be aligned so that the injection/absorption of light is optimized at low sun position .

FIG. 3 is a cutaway perspective view of an ultra-super solar absorber element 1 mounted to a wall 4.

Below the outer panel comprising the triplet prisms 3, the ultra-super solar absorber element 1 comprises a core 5 in the form of a capillary panel, that means which comprises a multitude of capillary tubes 6.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the inner or outer diameter of the capillary tubes 6 substantially corresponds to the diameter of the triplet prisms 3.

The triplet prisms 3 focus light into the core 5.

The capillary tubes 6 conduct light. This can be achieved either by total reflection on the transparent material of the light-conducting tubes and/or by a mirroring coating.

A large part of the incident light is quasi captured by multiple reflections, in order to pass through the inner panel 7 to the wall 4 and to be available there as thermal energy .

Furthermore, the ultra-super solar absorber element 1 is provided with a reflective border 8. The reflective border 8 may in particular be provided as a metal strip.

Even when transparent capillary tubes 6 are used, for example, it is ensured in this way that no light will escape from the edge of the ultra-super solar absorber element 1.

Furthermore, a gap may be provided between the outer panel 2 and the core 5.

Moreover, spacers may be provided between the

prism/loupe/lens/burning glass panel and the heat

exchanger .

FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of an ultra-super solar absorber element 1 mounted to a wall.

The ultra-super solar absorber element which may in

particular correspond to the exemplary embodiment

illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3, is connected to the wall by a connecting layer 9, for example by a contact adhesive layer, dowels and/or screw connection.

Between the actual wall 4 made of stone or Bio-Por-Beton® and the ultra-super solar absorber element 1, there are one or more fluid-carrying layers 10 serving as temperature barrier layers, via which heat can be supplied to a heat storage at the same time.

Between the fluid-carrying layers 10 and the wall 4, an insulating layer 11 is arranged.

FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of a building 12 that has its facade and optionally also its roof surface

equipped with the ultra-super solar absorber elements according to the invention.

The view is partially cut away, and it can be seen that ultra-super solar absorber elements 1 are mounted to a wall, in this exemplary embodiment comprising the two fluid-carrying layers 10a and 10b of the two temperature barriers for the basement B and the ground floor GF, in particular configured according to the Isomax/Terrasol® technologies .

Depending on the position of the sun, energy will be introduced into the ultra-super solar absorber element 1 with different efficiency, and the latter is preferably designed such that injection/absorption is optimized for a low position of the sun.

It will be understood that when the wall is heated by the ultra-super solar absorber element, at least in summer, the outer fluid-carrying layer 10a will be heated more than the inner fluid-carrying layer 10b. Furthermore, the building 1 comprises an underground thermal energy storage 14 which, in this exemplary

embodiment, is subdivided into a warm zone 15 with

additional near-surface geothermal energy, and a cold zone 16, also with additional near-surface geothermal energy.

The warm zone 15 can be heated up in the summer, for example, during high energy input, and can use this heat in the winter in an extremely cost-effective way to feed heat into the inner fluid-carrying layer 10b.

The heat also stored in the cold zone 16 surrounds the warm zone 15 in an energy-efficient protective manner.

In dependence on the internal temperature, outside

temperature, and thermal energy input via the ultra-super solar absorber elements 1, the warm zone 15 and the cold zone 16 can be charged and discharged and the temperature carrying layers 10a, 10b serving as a temperature barrier layer and absorber layer can be tempered differently.

In this exemplary embodiment, the fluid-carrying layers 10a, 10b, which serve as temperature barrier layers, extend into the region of the cellar/basement 17.

In this way, even the cellar or the basement 17 can be tempered by the Underground thermal energy storage 14.

It will be understood that the facade is provided with the ultra-super solar absorber elements 1 at most until the ground is reached. FIG. 6 shows that a honeycomb panel can be used as a core 5, which preferably consists of metal, in particular of aluminum.

An ultra-super solar absorber element according to the invention may in particular be configured as follows.

An outer Plexiglas or polycarbonate panel of preferably 0.3 to 2 mm thickness (preferably a UV-resistant transparent polycarbonate panel of a fire protection class according to EN 13501-1) with triplets/lenses is provided on the front side .

A capillary tube mat, preferably with conduits of 3 to 4 mm inner diameter, is firmly connected to the outer Plexiglas or polycarbonate panel.

The circumferential gap between the capillary tubes may be filled with acrylic resin or a similar filler, for example. The filler material enclosing the capillary tubes has the additional function of connecting the first and second panels, to further stabilize and strengthen the capillary tubes and to discharge the high temperature of the conduits to the hot circuit of the all-around insulated heat

storage .

Alternatively, the honeycomb panel shown in FIG. 6 may be used . As a result, a thin but resistant sandwich panel of

preferably 5 to 20 mm thickness can be obtained in any desired size, in particular 0.5 to 3 m in height and/or width .

An additional honeycomb element of preferably about 8 to 12 cm thickness can be arranged behind the sandwich panel, on the preferably black building wall, in order to serve as an insulating element.

With highly efficient positive solar irradiation and absorption of the front panel comprising the lenses, the high temperature of up to 300 °C achieved in this way can be discharged into an underground storage in

thermostatically controlled manner, using water or oil as a heat transfer medium, for example.

For this purpose, a temperature-controlled DC circulation pump is preferably used. It operates when solar energy is provided and heat is discharged via the heat storage circuit .

In case of no solar energy absorption, no heat is to be discharged and the pump shuts down.

FIGS. 7a to 7c show a heat exchanger 18 as it may be part of the ultra-super solar absorber element according to the invention .

The heat exchanger 18 is preferably part of an ultra-super solar absorber element which is configured as follows. A front side solar absorber panel comprising prisms is transparent and in particular made of glass, acrylic, or polycarbonate .

Arranged therebehind is an aluminum sandwich panel of preferably 4 to 6 mm thickness with fluid-carrying

capillary tube-like, preferably oval or semicircular recesses, which serves as a heat exchanger 18, with

connections 19.

As shown in the schematic sectional view of FIG. 7b, this sandwich panel may preferably consist of an aluminum panel 20 of 1 to 5 mm thickness featuring a meandering recess 21, which is joined to a flat aluminum panel 22 of in

particular 0.3 to 2.0 mm thickness, in particular glued and/or screwed thereto.

In this way, an efficient heat exchanger 18 is provided for conducting the absorbed heat to the geothermal storage, via a fluid.

The honeycomb element illustrated in FIG. 6, which

preferably has a thickness of approximately 40 to 60 mm and is made of aluminum, can serve as an additional thermal insulation behind the heat exchanger.

Thus, an ultra-super solar absorber element with fire- resistant thermal insulation for building facades is provided . For more efficient solar absorption, the heat exchanger made of aluminum may have a black coating on the front side, behind the solar absorber panel.

The solar absorber panel provided with prisms requires only a few lenses/triplet mirrors to transfer the solar heat to the well conducting black colored aluminum heat exchanger.

FIG. 8 is a schematic side view showing how the heat exchanger 18 illustrated in FIGS. 7a to 7c now forms part of an ultra-super solar absorber element according to the invention .

In this exemplary embodiment, the heat exchanger 18 is connected to the outer panel 2 which comprises light collecting structures such as prisms (not shown) , through spacers 23.

Preferably, the spacing is dimensioned approximately such that the light-collecting structures are focused onto the adjacent surface of the heat exchanger 18.

In this way, high temperatures can be achieved in the heat exchanger 18.

On the side facing away from the outer panel 2, the heat exchanger 18 is joined to the core 5 which is in the form of a honeycomb panel in this exemplary embodiment, in particular a honeycomb panel with metal honeycombs. The ultra-super solar absorber element illustrated here can be used in particular as a wall or facade element, in particular as wall or facade glazing.

In this way, temperatures of 60 to 80 °C can be achieved for air conditioning of buildings, for example.

In order to limit energy input, the outer panel 2 may be partially provided with an opaque coating, in particular with an opaque facade paint. In this way, gas formation in the cooling medium can be avoided.

The ultra-super solar absorber element is also suitable for large-scale installations for solar power plants which may also be installed in temperate latitudes, thanks to the high efficiency of the solar absorber elements.

Also conceivable are decentralized minor solar power plants which provide for environmentally friendly cost-effective all-round use, both in buildings and in vehicles such as ships or aircraft. At the same time, the front panel 2 may be configured as a safety glass acryl glass panel or laminated glass panel.

The outer panel allows for an energy gain of 500 to

650 kWh/m ² per year, in particular if it is configured as a solar absorber loupe panel.

Such panels may in particular comprise 1000 to 2000 light collecting features per m ² , in particular triplets or lenses. In underground thermal energy storages, temperatures of up to 60 °C can be reached and can thus be used for building heating as well as for warm/hot water.

If a suitable heat-resistant medium is used, high

temperatures of even 80 °C or more can be achieved, so that it is possible to provide cost-effective, environmentally friendly, decentralized small, medium, and large solar power plants in a simple way.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing an ultra-super solar absorber element 1 with tiltable converging lenses 24.

In this exemplary embodiment, the converging lenses 24 are in the form of cylindrical lenses disposed in a frame 25 so as to be tiltable, and arranged in front of a heat

exchanger 18. Furthermore, two columns of converging lenses 24 are arranged side by side, offset in height level.

In this way, the converging lenses 24 can be caused to track the position of the sun, in order to optimize heat input into the heat exchanger 18 which is arranged adjacent to the frame 25.

According to another embodiment, the entire ultra-super solar absorber element is arranged on a stand (not shown) in tiltable manner.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a system 29 for heat

generation according to the invention. The system comprises at least one ultra-super solar

absorber element 1 which may in particular be arranged on a building . The ultra-super solar absorber element 1 which comprises lenses 24 injects light into fiber optic cables 25. The individual fiber optic cables 25 are combined into a protective tube 26. The protective tube 26 extends to an abandoned mine 28 in the underground. There, the light from fiber optic cables 25 is emitted via lenses 27, and is absorbed, for example in brine, and so converted into heat. In this way, heat energy can be stored in a very effective manner almost indefinitely, and can be used as a heat source for industry and homes, via heat exchangers (not shown) .

List of Reference Numerals

1 Ultra-super solar absorber element

2 Outer panel

3 Triplet prism

4 Wall

5 Core

6 Capillary tubes

7 Inner panel

8 Border

9 Connecting layer

10 Fluid-carrying layer

11 Insulating layer

12 Building

13 Roof surface

14 Underground thermal energy storage

15 Hot zone

16 Warm zone

17 Cellar/basement

18 Heat exchanger

19 Connection

20 Panel

21 Recess

22 Panel

23 Spacer

24 Lens

25 Fiber optic cable

26 Protective tube

27 Lens

28 Mine

29 System for heat generation