FALCH EBERHARD (DE)
JONGMANS ADRIANUS JOHANNES JAC (NL)
FALCH EBERHARD (DE)
EP0108496A1 | 1984-05-16 |
1. | An air pressurized toy water bow for firing water, which comprises: (a) a housing shaped generally like an archery bow; (b) a water storage reservoir attached to said housing and having an orifice through which liquids and gasses pass from said reservoir to said housing; (c) an attachment means located on said water bow for attaching said water storage reservoir to said water bow housing with a seal impervious to water; (d) a pressurizing means for pressurizing said water storage reservoir with air. said means being an integral part of said water bow housing; (e) an avenue of release for water displaced by said pressurized air, said avenue of release extending from said attachment means to a nozzle on said bow housing; (f) a water release means for regulating the fluid flow through said avenue of release, said water release means being attached to said housing and actuated by the movement of a pull mechanism; (g) a pull mechanism attached to said housing and functionally connected to said release means such that movement of said pull mechanism in a predetermined manner will actuate said water release means; and, (h) a nozzle located on said housing, said nozzle being connected to said avenue of release. |
2. | The bow of claim 1, wherein said water storage reservoir is adapted to hold at least 100 pounds per square inch of pressure. |
3. | The bow of claim 1, wherein said means for pressurizing said water storage reservoir is a hand operated air pump. |
4. | The bow of claim 1, further including a bow string, wherein said pull mechanism is attached to said bow string and said pull mechanism and bow string may be pulled and released together to actuate said water release means. |
5. | The bow of claim 1, wherein said nozzle is positioned on said housing in a central location to simulate the positioning of an arrow. |
6. | The bow of claim 1, wherein said avenue of release is a flexible tube connecting said attachment means with said nozzle. |
7. | The bow of claim 6, wherein said water release means is a springbiased pinch bar that clamps said avenue of release against said housing, collapsing said avenue of release and thus restricting the fluid flow therethrough. |
8. | The bow of claim 7, wherein pinch bar has a spring with a spring bias which is overcome by a force applied to said pinch bar in a direction away from said spring through the action of said pull mechanism. |
9. | The bow of claim 8, wherein said pull mechanism actuates said pinch bar release by being pulled and released and by forcing a plunger against said pinch bar, said plunger being pushed by compressed air ahead of a spring locked piston. |
10. | The bow of claim 9, wherein said piston has a controlled return so as to regulate the amount of water exiting said nozzle. |
11. | The bow of claim 1 , wherein said spring bias is calibrated to yield to pressure within said avenue of release, when said pressure within said avenue of release exceeds a predetermined value. |
12. | The bow of claim 7, wherein said spring bias is formed by an extension spring having two ends, one end being anchored to said housing 32 and said second end anchored to said pinch bar. |
13. | The bow of claim 1, wherein the flow of air from said water storage reservoir to said pressurizing means is prevented by a one way flow device. |
14. | The bow of claim 1, wherein the flow of water from said water storage reservoir into said pressurizing means is prevented by a one way flow device. |
15. | The bow of claim 1, wherein said water storage reservoir has a threaded neck surrounding said orifice that attaches "to said water gun housing via a sympathetically threaded housing mount. |
16. | The bow of claim 1, wherein said nozzle has a narrow orifice therethrough with a cross sectional area less than that of said avenue of release. |
17. | The bow of claim 11, wherein said maximum value for the yielding of said spring bias to said pressure within said avenue of release is between about 50 pounds per square inch and about 90 pounds per square inch. |
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention is directed toward a
pressurized toy water gun bow for projecting
5 water arrows and more particularly to such toy
water gun bows that use self-contained means of
pressurizing a water reservoir with air, creating
a pressure differential between the contained
water and the ambient atmosphere and utilizing
10 this pressure differential to propel water from
the toy in a predetermined manner to create an
"arrow" of water.
2. Prior Art Statement
Water guns have for decades been a very
15 popular child's toy. Since the toy industry is
very competitive, hundreds of different style
water guns have been developed in an attempt to
profit from the toy's inherent popularity. The
most traditional forms of water guns are
activated by a pumping action, either manually
5 through the trigger or automatically through a
battery operated motor. Such pump action water
guns work, but the guns are limited in the
distance the water traveled, the amount of water
projected and the duration of the pumping cycle.
10 In an attempt to improve upon water guns, the toy
industry has developed pressure activated water
guns. Such pressure water guns work upon the
principle of pressure differentials between the
water held within the toy and the atmosphere.
15 The water within the toy is held at a pressure
higher than that of the ambient air. As a
result, when the water within the toy is given an
avenue of escape, the water will stream out under
pressure.
Two primary types of pressure activated
5 water toys exist. The first type is when the
water itself is worked to a pressure higher than
that of the ambient air. This type of water gun
is exemplified by the following:
United States Patent No. 3,197,070 to Curtis
10 F. Pearl et al, shows a water gun activated by
trapping water in a collapsible area. As the
device is collapsed, the pressure of the water
builds, spraying the water out of the one small
orifice left within the pressured area. Once the
15 confined area is fully collapsed, the re-
expansion of the area draws forth more water from
a reservoir, thus priming the water gun for
another cycle.
United States Patent No. 4,854,480 to Robert
S. Shindo and United States Patent No. 4,735,239
5 to Michael E. Salmon et al, both show toy water
devices that use an elastic bladder to pressurize
water. The bladders are filled with high
pressure water, and the bladders respond by
elastically deforming. The source of pressurized
10 water is then removed and the water within the
expanded bladder is held in place by a clapping
device activated by a trigger. The water gun is
used by selectively releasing the water from the
expanded bladder.
15 The second type of pressure activated water
toys are toys that use air pressure to force
water through squirt channels. Such toys that
use this technology are exemplified by United
States Patent No. 4,214,674 to Jones et al. The
Jones patent shows a two piece apparatus
5 consisting of a pressurized water reservoir and a
discharging gun. The Jones patent has a hand
operated air pump but differs from the present
invention in that it is not a bow, it does not
have a one piece self-contained pressurization
10 system, and it lacks the valve configuration
needed to support such a self-contained system.
Additionally, the present invention has the
capability of working at very high pressures and
incorporates safety criteria into its design to
15 eliminate the inherent dangers of high pressure
liquids.
United States Patent No. 4,911,364 is
directed to a water gun which is encompassed in a
bow handle and utilizes a bow string to impart
strong force to fire the gun. It does not
5 utilize increased air pressure on water to propel
water by opening a release means.
United States Patent No. 3,877,611 covers a
combination bow/water gun and includes water
storage in the bow handle. It fires a slug of
10 water using a plunger but does not use air to
pressurize water in its storage reservoir nor
utilize a pull mechanism to open a release means
upon release of the pull mechanism.
Thus, the prior art does teach the use of
15 toy water guns that operate by the pressurization
of stored water, but the prior art does not teach
or suggest a toy water gun bow that has a self-
contained means of pressurizing stored water with
air, and has a valve configuration that allows
pressuring inlet air and exiting pressurized air
5 and water to exit the stored water reservoir
through and by the same opening. Thus, the water
gun of the present invention may be a one piece
unit with a high pressurization capacity which
results in ease of both use and manufacture.
10 Also, the prior art fails to teach or suggest the
use of highly pressurized air with toy water gun
bows and fails to recognize the needed design
criteria and safety allowances to eliminate the
traditional hazards of producing, storing and
15 discharging high pressure liquids.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is a toy water bow
which is operated by selectively releasing water
from a water reservoir that is pressurized with
air. The present invention is a one piece device
5 formed in the general shape of an archery bow
that has a manually operated air pump
incorporated into it. The air pump pressurizes a
water reservoir and consequently exerts pressure
on water contained therein. The pressurized air
10 and water have an avenue of release that is
regulated by a pull mechanism of the invention.
When no force is applied to the pull mechanism,
the pressurized air and water are held at bay
with no means of release from the reservoir.
15 When force is applied to the pull mechanism in a
predetermined manner, water is released from the
pressurized reservoir and is channeled through a
narrow nozzle. The escape of the water through
the narrow nozzle creates a stream of propelled
water in the form of an "arrow" of a
5 predetermined length. The shooting may be
repeated until the water is consumed or until the
pressure of the reservoir equals that of the
ambient air.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
10 The invention will be more fully understood
by referring to the following detailed
specifications, the above specification and the
claims set forth herein, when taken in connection
with the drawing appended hereto, wherein:
15 Figure 1 shows a vertical cross-sectional of
one preferred embodiment of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
The present invention is, as mentioned,
directed toward a toy water gun bow that uses air
to pressurize water in a storage reservoir and to
5 propel the water through a narrow nozzle.
Pressurized water toys are not new; they have
been in existence for decades. Water pressure
has been used in the toy industry for everything
from launching toy rockets to propelling toy
10 cars. Pressurized water toys come in two primary
types. First are water toys that use mechanical
means to directly compress and pressurize water.
Such toys represent a majority of the water toys
manufactured today, and are exemplified by
15 traditional water guns that use a trigger
operated pump or a battery powered motor to
squirt small amounts of water.
The problem with toys that directly pump
water is that to achieve the required pressure
for a satisfactory squirt, a small diameter
5 piston is required. This in turn limits the
amount of water that can be squirted in each
shot. In addition, the speed at which the pump
is activated, whether manually or by motor,
affects the distance of the shot, and it requires
10 many cycles to project any significant amount of
water.
To solve these, toy manufacturers have
turned to the technology of compressed air to
pressurize a reservoir of water. Air is
15 compressed to high pressures and this high
pressure can be transferred to stored water.
This technology is easily adapted to a child's
strength and allows a relatively large amount of
water to be pressurized at one time. This large
reserve of pressurized water allows a water gun
5 to fire a large continuous stream of water at one
time without the need for repeated pumping
cycles.
The problem with air pressurized toys is one
of safety. Toys are designed to be inexpensive
10 so as to be widely marketable. As such, most
toys are made of plastics or other inexpensive
materials. Such materials do not have large
tensile strengths or fatigue characteristics, and
therefore do not lend themselves well to
15 containing pressurized fluids. Plastic
containments of pressurized liquids, if not
properly designed, can rupture and explode
causing severe injury. The present invention has
a unique design that allows for both the use of
high pressure air and the elimination of
5 potential rupturing hazards. The present
invention has a cylindrical water reservoir which
is attached to the housing of the bow. There is
a single orifice, in conjunction with the
generous radii used at the cylinder ends, to
10 serve to maintain the integrity of the water
reservoir walls and minimize the leak points
throughout the material of the water reservoir at
its connection to the housing, allowing for the
safe use of high pressures while relying upon a
15 single orifice for pressurizing air to enter and
pressurized air and water to exit the reservoir.
The present invention was designed so that both
the pressurized air from the air pump and the
exiting pressurized water utilize the same
opening without back flow problems to either.
5 Additionally, since the water reservoir must be
periodically refilled with water, a separate fill
cap may be used, or in a preferred embodiment,
the water reservoir has only one opening and is
designed to detach from the air pump inlet and
10 the pressurized water outlet so that ambient
pressure water can be added.
The present invention is generally a toy
device formed in the general shape of a bow that
has a manually operated air pump incorporated
15 into the design. The air pump pressurizes a
water reservoir and consequently pressurizes the
air so as to exert pressure on water contained
therein. The pressurized air and water have an
avenue of release that is regulated by a water
release means which itself is actuated by a pull
5 mechanism of the invention. When no force is
applied to the water release means, the
pressurized water is held at bay with no means of
release from the reservoir. When force is
applied to the water release means via the pull
10 mechanism, water is released from the pressurized
container and is channeled through a narrow
nozzle. The escape of the pressurized water
through the narrow nozzle creates a stream of
propelled water that lasts for a predetermined
15 amount of time, e.g. by regulation of recovery of
closure of the water release means. Repeat shots
can be made until the water supply is exhausted
or until the pressure of the water equals that of
the ambient air. Water is added to the present
invention by removing either a fill cap or the
5 entire water reservoir from the gun, filling the
reservoir and reattaching the cap or reservoir.
Upon reattachment, there is an orifice which
serves as both the entrance point of pressurized
air from the air pump, and the exit point of the
10 pressurized air and water. This single orifice
water reservoir exit design holds the integrity
of the reservoir's walls intact, allowing the
water reservoir to hold high pressures without
fear of rupture. Additionally, the danger of
15 rupture is eliminated by a release means device
that automatically and safely discharges
pressurized water when over pressurized, until
the maximum allowable pressure is reached.
The present invention water gun bow is, as
mentioned, operated by releasing the pressurized
5 water through a narrow nozzle. The release of
the pressurized water is controlled by the pull
mechanism which actuates the water release means.
Since the present invention has the ability to
operate at high pressures, the water release
10 means performs two functions. First, it controls
the amount of water released and, second, it
serves as a safety valve. The release means of
the present invention pinches the exit hosing for
the pressurized water. The pinching force is
15 created by a spring. When the water release
means is actuated, the spring bias of the
pinching member is overcome and water is
released. Similarly, when the pressure in the
water reservoir reaches beyond safety
limitations, the force of the compressed air will
5 overcome the spring bias of the pinching member
allowing air and/or water to be released until
the pressure within the reservoir reaches a safe
level.
Referring now to Figure 1, there is shown a
10 vertical cross-sectional view of one preferred
embodiment of the present invention toy water gun
bow 1 in the general shape of a bow, having a
main housing 7 with extending bow arms such as
arm 3, bow string 5 and pull mechanism handle 9.
15 The detachable water storage reservoir 15 is held
to the main housing 7 via an attachment collar 19
and reservoir mount 21. The air pump of the
present invention is embodied within the main
housing 7 but the handle to the pump is a slider
handle 45 attached to the piston rod 49 that
5 travels along, and is guided by the piston
cylinder 43.
To fill the water reservoir 15 with water,
the water reservoir 15 must be detached from the
main housing 7 by unscrewing the threaded collar
10 19 from the sympathetically threaded reservoir
mount 21. Water is then placed into the
reservoir 15 and the water reservoir 15 is
rethreaded into position. Once filled with
water, the toy water gun bow 1 is operated by
15 pressurizing the water reservoir 15 with air.
Air is forced into the reservoir by the relative
movement of the piston 51 within the air pump
cylinder 43. The piston 51 is operated by the
pump rod 49 that connects the piston 51 to the
slider handle 45. The slider handle 45 is
5 operated manually by the user of the toy water
gun bow 1. A user holds the slider handle 45
with one hand and the bow 1 at grip handle 8 with
the other. The slider handle 45 is then moved
back and forth along the length of the cylinder
10 43. The back and forth action is transferred to
the piston 51, which forces air past an 0-ring
valve 53 and through openings, such as orifice
63, and through a one way flow valve 57, which
seats on rest 55. The air exits at opening 59,
15 through connector 61, flexible inlet tube 37
(connected to mount 21 at coupler 31) into inlet
orifice 33, single orifice 17 and into the water
reservoir 15. Air is continuously added to the
water reservoir 15 until a desired pressure is
reached.
5 Once under pressure, the water in reservoir
15 is prevented from flowing freely through the
outlet tube 23 by a pinch bar 81 that clamps the
outlet tube 23 against a stop 82 that is part of
the main housing 7. The pinch bar 81 is biased
10 against the outlet tube 23 by a calibrated spring
87. The spring is held at one end by a formation
85 of the main housing 7 and at the other end to
pinch bar 81 at opening 83. The strength of the
spring 87 in its biased configuration is
15 calibrated, so that when the pressure on the
water within reservoir 15 and within the outlet
tube 37 reaches a predetermined maximum valve,
the spring 87 will allow the pinch bar 81 to rise
(open) and water will be released until safe
pressure is maintained.
5 Absent an automatic water release for an
overly high pressure, water is released in the
following manner. The user holds housing 7 at
handle 8 in one hand and pulls on pull mechanism
handle 9 and this compresses spring 91 via piston
10 rod 71 and piston 73. 0-ring 75 allows air into
cylinder 93 but not out and thus acts as a one
way valve. When handle 9 is released, bow string
5 and spring 91 push the handle 9, piston rod 71
and piston 73 inward compressing air and pushing
15 plunger 97. Plunger 97 is connected to cylinder
93 so cylinder and plunger move together to push
against pinch bar. Plunger 97 pushes against
pinch bar 81 to open outlet tube 23 as the
transferred force applied to the pinch bar 81
acts in opposition to the biasing force of spring
5 87. When the force of the plunger 97 overcomes
the force of the spring 87 the pinch bar 81 is
lifted from the outlet tube 23 and water is
allowed to pass through the outlet tube 23. The
outlet tube 23 terminates at a nozzle head 13
10 attached to housing 7 by nozzle housing 11
(preferably in the shape of an arrow head) .
Water streams out of the narrow opening 41 as
long as compressed air remains between piston 73
and plunger 97. The compressed air is allowed to
15 leak through opening 79. After all compressed
air has leaked out then pinch bar and spring 87
return plunger 97 to the at rest position and
exerts pressure by way of the pinch bar to the
outlet tube. Opening 79 in plunger 97 is
calibrated to retain enough compressed air to
5 move plunger 97 and to leak the air for a length
of time so a slug of water is ejected for a
predetermined amount of time in the form of an
"arrow" shot.
It is understood that although the invention
10 described within the above specification shows
the best known mode of the present invention, the
invention may be formed, shaped, practiced, or
made of differing materials than is specifically
described within. For example, the pull
15 mechanism could open the pinch bar or other
release means upon pulling instead of releasing
so as to allow the user to control the duration
of the shot. Likewise, other release means than
a pinch bar could be used, e.g. a gate valve or
other valve or closing mechanism. Also, the
5 storage reservoir could be of a different shape
and could be integrated further into the design,
and/or multiple tanks could be used.
Further, as used in this invention, the
claimed storage reservoir could be used in
10 conjunction with an alternative water source.
Other variations should be deemed to now be
within the purview of the artisan without
exceeding the scope of the invention.
15